Robert rescorla proposed that the cognitive process of _____ occurred between a conditioned stimulus and a conditioned response.

Answers

Answer 1

Robert Rescorla proposed that the cognitive process of contingency awareness occurred between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and a conditioned response (CR).

This process involves the organism's ability to perceive and understand the relationship between the two stimuli, allowing it to predict the occurrence of the conditioned response based on the presence of the conditioned stimulus. This awareness plays a crucial role in classical conditioning, as it influences the strength and effectiveness of the learned association between the stimuli. Rescorla's research highlighted the significance of cognitive factors in conditioning, challenging previous theories that solely emphasized the importance of stimulus contiguity.

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Related Questions

what is the advantage of using a wet mount? the wet mount is safer to view pathogenic organisms the motility of an organism can be viewed contrast of the organism is enhanced the specimen can be viewed as living cells

Answers

The advantage of using a wet mount is c. the organism is enhanced the specimen can be viewed as living cells

Wet mount are preparations made directly without preservatives containing living objects to be observed. These preparations are usually made by slicing the observation material as thin as possible and then observing it with the addition of water for living cells.

The benefits of wet mount are that they can provide clear results. When the contrast of the specimen is increased by adding water, it will describe a high affinity for cell organelles so that the structure inside will be clearer. Because the structure of the cell organelles is still clearly visible, the specimen can be seen as a living cell which provides more definite observations regarding the structures contained within.

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Which of the following best represents a simple food chain?

Which of the following best represents a simple food chain?

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

There's a difference between a food web and a food chain and all of these are food chains so that's an easy out.

Usually plants get eaten by ants then ants get eaten by those things with the long tougues, its quite simple when you look at it.

plz give brainliest

Option D (Plant → Herbivore → Carnivore) best represents a simple food chain.

What is a simple food chain?

"A simple food chain shows how each living thing gets its food. Some animals eat plants and some animals eat other animals."

What are the examples of simple food chain?

Each living thing is a part of multiple food chains – for example,

grass → grasshopper → frog → snake → eagle, and grass → deer → tiger.

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Which of the following best represents a simple food chain?

do both concrete and terrazzo rely on aggregate as part of their material make up.

Answers

Yes, both concrete and terrazzo rely on aggregate as part of their material makeup. In the case of concrete, aggregate plays a crucial role in providing strength and durability to the material.

The aggregate, which can be composed of various materials such as crushed stone, gravel, or sand, is mixed with cement and water to form the concrete mixture. The aggregate fills the space between the cement particles, providing bulk and adding structural integrity to the hardened concrete.

Similarly, terrazzo also incorporates aggregate into its composition. Terrazzo is a composite material made by embedding small pieces of aggregate, such as marble chips, glass, or other materials, into a binding matrix, typically consisting of cement or epoxy resin.

The aggregate gives terrazzo its distinctive appearance, providing a range of colors, textures, and patterns. In both concrete and terrazzo, the aggregate contributes to the overall strength, durability, and aesthetic characteristics of the material.

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This passage describes the growth pattern trait in rose plants: Climbing growth and bush growth are different growth patterns in rose plants. Rose plants with climbing growth have long, bendable stems that act like vines. These plants may grow upward to cover fences or walls. Rose plants with bush growth stay near the ground. These plants form low bushes or shrubs. In a group of rose plants, some individuals have climbing growth and others have bush growth. In this group, the gene for the growth pattern trait has two alleles. The allele G is for climbing growth, and the allele g is for bush growth. A certain rose plant is from this group. This rose plant's phenotype for the growth pattern trait is climbing growth. This plant's genotype for the growth pattern gene is GG. Based on this information, complete the following statement. This rose plant is heterozygous or homozygous for the growth pattern gene. ​

Answers

This rose plant is homozygous for the growth pattern gene.

Part 1 Procedure:1. Flip a coin twice to determine the genotype for each trait and record it in the data table.Heads = allele 1, Tails = allele 2 (Example: if you flipped heads twice, your monsterwill have two copies of allele 1 for his genotype.)2. Determine the phenotype resulting from the allele pair for each trait.3. Repeat steps 1‐2 for each trait and complete the female monster’s Table 1.Table 1: Genotypes & Phenotypes for Female MonsterTrait Allele 1 Allele 2 Genotype PhenotypeEye Two small eyes (E) One large eye (e)Eye Color(incomplete)Red (R) White (R’)Skin Color(codominant)Green (G) Blue (B)Tail Shape Curly (C) Straight (c)Tail Color Purple (P) Orange (p)Tail(regulatory gene)Have tail (T) No tail (t)Teeth Sharp (S) Round (s)Feet(incomplete)Four toes (F) Two toes (F’)Horn Color Purple (W) White (w)Ear shape Pointy (Y) Round (y)Ears(regulatory)No ears (N) Two ears (n)Claws Long (L) Short (l)

Answers

We can identify the genotype by utilizing the Punnett square. It is a square diagram that is utilized to predict the genotypes of a specific breeding experiment. The allele pair is what we see at a specific genetic locus.

Part 1 Procedure:

1. Flip a coin twice to determine the genotype for each trait and record it in the data table. Heads = allele 1, Tails = allele 2 (Example: if you flipped heads twice, your monster will have two copies of allele 1 for his genotype.)

2. Determine the phenotype resulting from the allele pair for each trait.

3. Repeat steps 1‐2 for each trait and complete the female monster’s Table 1.For the procedure part in a we must flip a coin twice to determine the genotype for each trait.

Heads = allele 1, Tails = allele 2.

For instance, if we flipped heads twice, our monster would have two copies of allele 1 for his genotype.

Next, we need to determine the phenotype resulting from the allele pair for each trait. We must repeat steps 1‐2 for each trait and complete the female monster’s Table 1.We can identify the genotype by utilizing the Punnett square. It is a square diagram that is utilized to predict the genotypes of a specific breeding experiment. The allele pair is what we see at a specific genetic locus.

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A cell can be part of a larger system.
True
O False

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

There are millions of cells in your body. That means a cell can be part of a larger system. larger system = your body

Disaster-Risk-Reduction-in-the-Philippines-Status-Report-2019.

Answers

The Disaster Risk Reduction Status Report 2019 for the Philippines highlights the progress made by the country in minimizing risks and vulnerabilities associated with natural disasters.

The report emphasizes the government's efforts in improving early warning systems, disaster preparedness, and response measures, as well as the strengthening of institutional capacities to reduce the impact of disasters on the population.

The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) worked together to create the report with assistance from a number of governmental entities, local governments, civil society groups, and other stakeholders.

It also discusses the challenges faced by the country in achieving its DRR goals and provides recommendations for strengthening DRR efforts.

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TRUE/FALSE. some careers emerge to address the environmental impact human behaviors and processes might be having on our planet.

Answers

True, some careers emerge to address the environmental impact human behaviors and processes might be having on our planet.

The majority of the actions people take in their everyday lives have a significant impact on the environment. These activities, from basic day-to-day processes to the products and services we use, all have an environmental impact. Environmental conservation refers to the protection, restoration, and sustainable use of environmental resources.

Environmental conservation as a career

Environmental conservation has become an industry in and of itself, with a growing demand for experts who can help conserve natural resources, implement more sustainable policies and practices, and educate others on the importance of environmental conservation. Environmental conservationists, environmental scientists, and environmental engineers are all examples of professions that deal with environmental conservation. These professions aim to improve the environment by addressing human processes and behaviors that are contributing to environmental degradation and developing new solutions to these issues.

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Since there are no constructive (volcanic activity) or destructive (erosion) forces at work under the ocean, the ocean floor is flat.

True

False

Answers

False so false

Ik it cant be true because there are underwater volcanoes and the earths plates are constantly moving.

What giant bug like organism is the janitor of the ocean?.

Answers

Colossal crabs are the giant janitor

Answer:

Giant isopod

Explanation:

While a giant isopod may resemble a creepy oversized bug or a dangerous underwater alien, it's actually a deep-sea dwelling crustacean that plays an essential role in keeping the seafloor clean.

Which information did Millikan contribute to the understanding of electrons?(1 point)

He determined that electrons do not move in specific orbits around the nucleus.
He determined that electrons do not move in specific orbits around the nucleus.
He determined that electrons absorb or release specific amounts of energy.
He determined that electrons absorb or release specific amounts of energy.
He determined the ratio of mass to charge for electrons.
He determined the ratio of mass to charge for electrons.
He determined the amount of charge on an electron.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

He determined the amount of charge on an electron

Explanation:

He determined the amount of charge on an electron

The information which Millikan contributed to the understanding of electrons is: D. He determined the amount of charge on an electron.

An atom can be defined as the smallest unit which comprises the matter that forms all chemical elements. Thus, atoms are typically the fundamental building blocks of matter and as such determines (defines) the structure of a chemical element.

Generally, atoms are typically made up of three (3) distinct particles and these are;

Protons.Neutrons.Electrons.

Electrons can be defined as the subatomic particles of a chemical element that are negatively charged and as such are having a magnitude of -1.

Robert Andrew Millikan was born on the 22nd of March, 1868 in Illinois, United States of America. He was an experimental physicist who got honored with a Nobel Prize in 1923 for his outstanding work in the field of physics, which included the following;

The study of the photoelectric effect.The measurement of the elementary electronic charge of a single electron.

This ultimately implies that, Robert Andrew Millikan using an electric field with a small oil-drop determined the magnitude of an electron's charge.

In conclusion, the information which Millikan contributed to the understanding of electrons is determining the amount of charge on an electron.

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Which is the answer a b or c.

Which is the answer a b or c.

Answers

it's option A

hope it helps...!!!

Which body part on humans are pigs' hooves analogous to?

Answers

I’m pretty sure the answer is ovary.

In the deep south, pigweed has become resistant to herbicides which is making it harder to grow cotton. The weed will ruin tractors and requires manual labor to remove. The ppc could have a horizontal axis labeled as ______

Answers

In the given scenario, where pigweed has developed resistance to herbicides and poses challenges to cotton production in the deep south, the horizontal axis of the Production Possibilities Curve (PPC) could be labeled as "Labor-Intensive Techniques vs. Mechanization."

This labeling reflects the trade-off between employing labor-intensive techniques, such as manual weeding to control pigweed, and relying on mechanization, represented by the use of tractors and herbicides. The PPC illustrates the different combinations of labor-intensive techniques and mechanization that can be utilized in cotton production.

On one end of the spectrum, allocating more resources towards labor-intensive techniques involves manual labor for removing pigweed, which requires additional human effort and potentially higher costs. This option is depicted at one extreme of the horizontal axis.

On the other end, increasing mechanization implies a greater reliance on machinery, such as tractors and herbicides, to control pigweed efficiently. However, the resistant weed's ability to damage tractors introduces limitations and risks associated with this approach. This alternative is represented at the opposite extreme of the horizontal axis.

The PPC showcases the various trade-offs between labor-intensive techniques and mechanization, aiming to find an optimal balance that maximizes cotton production while effectively managing the challenges posed by pigweed resistance. It helps decision-makers visualize the available choices and make informed decisions regarding resource allocation and management strategies in response to the pigweed issue.

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multigene families include two or more nearly identical genes or genes sharing nearly identical sequences. a classical example is the set of genes for globin molecules, including genes on human chromosomes 11 and 16. how might identical and obviously duplicated gene sequences have gotten from one chromosome to another?

Answers

By chromosomal translocation , A chromosomal translocation is characterized by the breakage of a chromosome and its whole or partial reattachment to another chromosome.

A segment from one chromosome gets moved to a nonhomologous chromosome or to a different position on the same chromosome during a translocation.

Translocations create chromosomes without the typical pairing partners and insert genes in novel linkage connections.

One of the most frequent forms of genomic rearrangements, chromosomal translocations serve as molecular markers for a variety of malignancies. They are regarded as the main factors in the development of malignancies, particularly lymphoma and leukemia.

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For the location and time interval represented by these rock layers, when did the most drastic and sudden change in life forms occur?
A.
376 million years ago
B.
370 million years ago
C.
360 million years ago
D.
382 million years ago

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

i honestly don't know but here is my answer

Answer: ITS 360!!!!!!!!

Explanation: 382 IS WRONG!!!!!!!

Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in eukaryotes but not prokaryotesB. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in prokaryotes but not eukaryotesC. All of the processes occur in the same site in the cell for prokaryotes and eukaryotesD. mRNA is processed before translation in prokaryotes but not eukaryotesE. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Answers

Transcription and translation are processes that happens in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but in eukaryotic cells they take place in different sites than in prokaryotic cells. Therefore, C is incorrect.

In eukaryotic cells, the mRNA is extensively processed before it is ready to be translated, not in prokaryotic cells. Therefore, D is incorrect as well.

In eukaryotic cells, transcription and translation are separate processes, transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation takes place in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation both takes place in the cytoplasm, being a continuous process. Therefore, A is incorrect, E is wrong too and the correct answer is B. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in prokaryotes but not eukaryotes.

The process used to build a lipid?

Answers

I believe it is called lipogenesis.

Based on the information above; which explanation would be considered scientific law?
A)
The explanation of how the universe began with a "big bang".
B)
The explanation of how poor farming methods led to the Dust Bowl.
The explanation of how earthquakes and volcanoes are caused by crustal
plate movement.
D
The explanation of how different celestial bodies react with one another
due to gravity.

Answers

Answer:D

The explanation of how different celestial bodies react with one another

due to gravity.

hope this helps

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When describing a community, a biologist would identify every

Answers

When describing a community, a biologist would identify every component or characteristic of a biological community.

A biological community refers to a group of different populations that inhabit a particular geographical area and interact with one another. Biologists would observe different aspects of a community, including the organisms’ ecological roles, population size, distribution, and diversity. In addition, a biologist would also consider the types of relationships between different organisms in the community, including competition, predation, mutualism, and parasitism.

In terms of population size and distribution, a biologist would examine the population density of each species in a community, as well as the spatial arrangement of organisms. This information is essential in understanding how the different populations interact with each other. For instance, organisms with higher population densities may compete for limited resources, such as food and water.

In terms of ecological roles, biologists would identify the trophic structure of a community. This involves understanding the flow of energy through different levels of the food chain, including producers, consumers, and decomposers. Biologists would also observe how different species play unique ecological roles, such as pollination or seed dispersal.

Overall, a biologist would consider every component and characteristic of a community when describing it. By doing so, they can gain a comprehensive understanding of how different species interact and function within a particular ecosystem.

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Final answer:

A biologist describes a community as the various species within an area, their interrelationships and their interactions with the environment. This includes various populations and the ecosystem they form, which are part of the broader biosphere.

Explanation:

When describing a community, a biologist would identify every organism that makes up the populations in a specific area. This includes the organisms, their interactions, and their relation with the environment. For instance, in a forest, each pine tree, representing an organism, together forms a pine tree population. Different populations such as pine trees, flowering plants, insects, and microbial populations combine to create the forest community. The ecosystem encompasses these living organisms and non-living components like nitrogen in the soil or rainwater. Altogether they are part of the biosphere, collectively representing zones of life on Earth.

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Please help me with this

Please help me with this

Answers

Answer:

\(\large \boxed{\mathrm{view \ explanation}}\)

Explanation:

When we exhale, carbon dioxide is released.

The carbon dioxide reacts with the limewater, it turns the limewater to a cloudy or milky solution.

The reason for this is because of the suspended Calcium carbonate in the limewater.

An unusually cold January in Florida destroyed entire fields of tomatoes. Florida’s growers are shipping only a quarter of their usual 5 million pounds a week. The price has risen from $6.50 for a 25-pound box a year ago to $30 now.
1.1. Make a graph to illustrate the market for tomatoes before the unusually cold January and in the same graph show how the events in the news clip influence the market for tomatoes. (0.5)
1.2. In April 2014, the money price of a carton of milk was $2.01 and the money price of gallon of gasoline was $3.63. Calculate the relative price of a gallon of gasoline in terms of milk. (0.5) Frigid Florida Winter is Bad News for Tomato Lovers An unusually cold January in Florida destroyed entire fields of tomatoes. Florida's growers are shipping only a quarter of their usual 5 million pounds a week. The price has risen from $6.50 for a 25 -pound box a year ago to $30 now. 1.1. Make a graph to illustrate the market for tomatoes before the unusually cold January and in the same graph show how the events in the news clip influence the market for tomatoes. (0.5) 1.2. In April 2014, the money price of a carton of milk was $2.01 and the money price of gallon of gasoline was $3.63. Calculate the relative price of a gallon gasoline in terms of milk. (0.5)

Answers

1.1. Graph to illustrate the market for tomatoes before the unusually cold January and in the same graph show how the events in the news clip influence the market for tomatoes

Here, the price is $6.50 and the quantity supplied is 5 million pounds per week. The equilibrium is at the intersection of the supply and demand curve at point E.

Now, the events of the news clip influence the market for tomatoes, causing a decrease in supply due to the destruction of entire fields of tomatoes, resulting in a shift of the supply curve from S1 to S2.

The new equilibrium is at point F where the price has increased to $30 and the quantity demanded and supplied have decreased to 1.25 million pounds per week.

1.2. In April 2014, the money price of a carton of milk was $2.01 and the money price of a gallon of gasoline was $3.63.

To calculate the relative price of a gallon of gasoline in terms of milk, we use the formula:

Relative price = Price of gasoline / Price of milk

Relative price = $3.63 / $2.01 = 1.81

Therefore, the relative price of a gallon of gasoline in terms of milk is 1.81.

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which nucleotides break the rules of watson- crick base pairing when they are found at the wobble position of the anticodon?

Answers

The nucleotides Uridine (U), Inosine (I), and Guanosine (G) can exhibit non-standard base pairing at this position.

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, which include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). They are organic molecules composed of three main components: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Nucleotides link together through phosphodiester bonds formed between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar molecule of the next nucleotide, creating a linear chain. This forms the backbone of nucleic acids.

The sugar molecule in nucleotides can be either ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (in DNA). The phosphate group consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. The nitrogenous base is a heterocyclic ring structure containing nitrogen atoms. There are four types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T, found in DNA only), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U, found in RNA only, replacing thymine).

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Need this answer please thanks

Need this answer please thanks

Answers

A) 2 identical cells each with original number of chromosomes

Answer:

Option A

Explanation:

There are 2 identical Cells and has same original number of

chromosomes!

I hope this helps.

To people who have shifted realities, how long did it take you? (don't know what subject to pick)

Answers

Answer: Around 20 min.

Explanation:

Work = force x distance.
If a machine increases the distance over which a force is
exerted, the force required to do a given amount of work
O also increases
O decreases

Answers

Answer: also increases.
The rest of the answers can be found on quizlet.com “Science 8 Flashcards for 14.2 and 14.2”

hope this helps :)

What is an adaptation answers?

Answers

The evolutionary process of adaptation is how an organism improves its environmental suitability. This procedure happens across several generations. It is one of the fundamental biological phenomena.

People frequently refer to adaptation as a "feature" (a trait) that aids an animal or plant in surviving.

An organism's ability to adapt is a physical or behavioural trait that makes it easier for it to survive in its environment. Living things adjust to their environment to survive.

Through the process of adaptation, a group of organisms can over time permanently adapt to a changing environment. Acclimatization is the quick, temporary adaptation of an organism to a new environment. Adaptation is permanent. Acclimatization may be stopped once the prerequisite conditions are met.

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Improved environmental compatibility is achieved by an organism through the evolutionary process of adaptation. There are multiple generations involved in this process. One of the basic biological phenomena is it.

Adaptation is commonly described as a "feature" (a trait) that helps an animal or plant survive.

A physical or behavioral characteristic that makes it simpler for an organism to survive in its environment is the capacity to adapt. To survive, all living organisms modify their surroundings.

A group of organisms can gradually and permanently adapt to a changing environment through the process of adaptation. Acclimatization refers to an organism's rapid, transient adjustment to a novel environment. Adaptation lasts a lifetime. Once the necessary conditions are met, acclimatization may be discontinued.

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Crocodiles and palm trees are generally found in tropical and equatorial regions. Recent excavations in the land around the South Pole have revealed fossils of crocodiles and palm trees. What does this discovery indicate about the land near the South Pole?

Answers

Answer:

It means that about millions of years ago, the South Pole was paradise and was home to many species that included crocodiles and palm trees. However, it changed over the years until modern time.

Explanation:

Can I have brainliest plz? Im trying to rank up. Thx!

I don’t know I just need answers for me

Cedar waxwings are one species of bird that is adapted to


withstand our cold winters. Bird watchers in Barrie provide


cedar waxwings with seeds at birdfeeders during winter


months. K/


UTI


(a) Would the seeds alter the carrying capacity of the


ecosystem? Explain.


(b) Provide a hypothesis that explains why bird watchers have


noted an increase in the falcon population in recent years.

Answers

Answer:

B)

Explanation:

Hope that helped! :)

Evaluate the advantages of the current naming system compared to the earlier system

Answers

Answer:

This naming is essential for the classification and organization of organisms which makes the study of an organism easier and understandable. It gives the precision and clarity for the naming of an organism which prevents confusion. Scientific names help the reader to learn something about the organism.

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