rissamarie2308
01/23/2020
Chemistry
College
answered • expert verified
Suppose 0.10 mol of Cu(NO_3)_2 and 1.50 mol of NH_3 are dissolved in water and diluted to a total volume of 1.00 L. Calculate the concentrations of Cu(NH_3)_4^2+ and of Cu^2+ at equilibrium.

Answers

Answer 1

The equilibrium concentrations of  Cu(NH₃)₄²+ and Cu²+ are:

[Cu(NH₃)_4²+] = 1.49 x 10⁻⁶ mol/L

[Cu²+] = 0.10 mol/L - 1.49 x 10⁻⁶ mol/L = 0.09999851 mol/L

The equilibrium that occurs when Cu(NO₃)₂ and NH₃ react in water is:

Cu²+ + 4 NH₃ ⇌ Cu(NH₃)₄²+

Let x be the amount (in mol) of Cu(NH₃)₄²+ formed at equilibrium. Then, according to the balanced equation, x mol of Cu²+ reacts with 4x mol of NH₃ to form x mol of Cu(NH₃)₄²+. Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations of Cu²+ and Cu(NH₃)₄²+ are given by:

[Cu²+] = [Cu(NO₃)₂] - x

[Cu(NH₃)₄²+] = x

To determine x, we can use the equilibrium constant expression:

K =[Cu(NH₃)₄²+] / [Cu²+] [NH₃]⁴

At equilibrium, this expression equals:

K = [x] / ([Cu(NO₃)₂] - x) [NH₃]⁴

Substituting the given values:

K = [x] / (0.10 - x) (1.50)⁴

Rearranging and simplifying:

x = K (0.10 - x) (1.50)⁴

x = (K * 0.10 * (1.50)⁴) / (1 + K * (1.50)⁴)

where K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction, which can be found in a table of thermodynamic data to be approximately 2.0 x 10¹³ at 25°C.

Substituting K and solving for x:

x = (2.0 x 10¹³ * 0.10 * (1.50)⁴) / (1 + 2.0 x 10¹³ * (1.50)⁴) = 1.49 x 10⁻⁶ mol/L

Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations of Cu(NH₃)₂²+ and Cu²+ are:

[Cu(NH₃)₄²+] = 1.49 x 10⁻⁶ mol/L

[Cu²+] = 0.10 mol/L - 1.49 x 10⁻⁶ mol/L = 0.09999851 mol/L

Note that the concentration of Cu²+ decreases only slightly, as the formation of Cu(NH₃)₄²+ is relatively small compared to the initial concentration of Cu(NO₃)₂.

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Related Questions

Which body system includes the heart?​

Answers

Cardiovascular system

5. A container has oxygen and helium in it. The total pressure is known to be 6. 75 atm. What is the pressure of oxygen if helium's pressure is 2. 25 atm?

Answers

The pressure of oxygen is 4.5 atm if helium's pressure is 2. 25 atm ,when a container has oxygen and helium in it.

Ptotal = P₁ + P₂

6.75 =   P oxygen +P helium

6.75 =           ?         + 2.25

P oxygen = 6.75 - 2.25

                =  4.5 atm

Partial pressure of gas :

Each gas that makes up a mixture of gases has a partial pressure, which is the notional pressure of that gas at the same temperature as if it were the only gas in the mixture. The absolute tension of an ideal gas blend is the amount of the halfway tensions of the gases in the combination (Dalton's Regulation).

The thermodynamic activity of a gas's molecules is measured by its partial pressure. Gases break up, diffuse, and respond as per their fractional tensions yet not as per their focuses in gas combinations or fluids.

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Help me with this please

Help me with this please

Answers

Answer:

–253.5 °C

Explanation:

We'll begin by calculating the number of mole in 6 g of CO₂. This can be obtained as follow:

Molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + (2×16)

= 12 + 32

= 44 g/mol

Mass of CO₂ = 6 g

Mole of CO₂ =.?

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of CO₂ = 6 / 44

Mole of CO₂ = 0.136 mole

Next, we shall convert 225 mL to L.

1000 mL = 1 L

Therefore,

225 mL = 225 mL × 1 L / 1000

225 mL = 0.225 L

Next, we shall determine the temperature of the gas. This can be obtained as follow:

Pressure (P) = 0.855 atm

Volume (V) = 0.225 L

Number of mole (n) = 0.136 mole

Gas constant (R) = 0.0821 atm.L/Kmol

Temperature (T) =?

PV =nRT

0.855 × 0.255 = 0.136 × 0.0821 × T

0.218025 = 0.0111656 × T

Divide both side by 0.0111656

T = 0.218025 / 0.0111656

T = 19.5 K

Finally, we shall convert 19.5 K to degree celsius (°C). This can be obtained as follow:

T(°C) = T(K) – 273

T(K) = 19.5 K

T(°C) = 19.5 – 273

T(°C) = –253.5 °C

Therefore, the temperature of the gas is –253.5 °C

Which of the following statements is true:
A) A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition
B) A heterogeneous mixture has a uniform composition
C) A homogenous mixture can have 2 or more phases
D) Salt mixed with Water is an example of a heterogenous mixture

Answers

Answer:

a is true

Explanation:

homogeneous mixtures are mixtures of 2 or more substances that are even throughout ,heterogeneous are mixtures that aren't uniform and can be put back to different parts

What is the concentration of a solution of HBr if 0.40 L is neutralized by 0.20 L of 0.50M solution of LiOH?

Answers

Answer:0.25M

Explanation:x(.40)=(.20)(.50)

.10/.40=0.25

which bases are called alkaline​

Answers

Answer:

Any base with an ability to dissolve in water are called alkalis. All alkalis are bases, however, not all bases are alkalis.

giving brainliest ✅✅
5. Which reaction is an example of heterogeneous catalysis? (1 point)

A Ethene gas reacts with hydrogen gas by using a nickel catalyst.

B Hydrogen peroxide decomposes by using an aqueous iodide ion catalyst.

C Formic acid decomposes by using an acidic catalyst.

D Sulfur dioxide gas is converted to sulfur trioxide gas by using nitrogen chloride gas.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

A common example of heterogeneous catalysis is the hydrogenation reaction of simple alkenes. The conversion of ethene (C2H4) to ethane (C2H6) can be performed with hydrogen gas in the presence of a metal catalyst such as palladium (“Conversion of Ethene to Ethane with Hydrogen and a Metal Catalyst”).

Answer:

A

Explanation:

edge

how does lanthanide contraction influence the density of period 6 transition element​

Answers

Answer:

For example, the atomic radius of the metal zirconium, Zr, (a period-5 transition element) is 155 pm (empirical value) and that of hafnium, Hf, (the corresponding period-6 element) is 159 pm. ... The increase in mass and the unchanged radii lead to a steep increase in density from 6.51 to 13.35 g/cm3.

Explanation:

Select a full set of quantum numbers for the following.
(a) the outermost electron in an K atom
n = 4; l = 0; ml = 0; ms = +1/2
n = 3; l = 1; ml = 1; ms = −1/2
n = 4; l = 1; ml = −1; ms = +1/2
n = 5; l = 0; ml = 0; ms = −1/2

(b) the electron gained when a Br atom becomes a Br − ion
n = 3; l = 2; ml = −1; ms = +1/2
n = 4; l = 2; ml = 2; ms = +1/2
n = 5; l = 1; ml = 0; ms = −1/2
n = 4; l = 1; ml = 1; ms = −1/2

(c) the electron lost when a Fr atom ionizes
n = 7; l = 0; ml = 1; ms = −1/2
n = 6; l = 1; ml = −1; ms = +1/2
n = 6; l = 1; ml = 0; ms = −1/2
n = 7; l = 0; ml = 0; ms = +1/2

(d) the highest energy electron in the ground-state C atom
n = 2; l = 1; ml = 0; ms = +1/2
n = 1; l = 0; ml = 0; ms = −1/2
n = 3; l = 2; ml = 1; ms = +1/2

n = 2; l = 2; ml = −1; ms = −1/2

Answers

(a)  The full set of Quantum Numbers are n=4, l=0, ml=0, ms=+1/2

(b) The full set of Quantum numbers are ; n=4 , l= 1, ml=  1, ms= -1/2

(c) The full set of Quantum Numbers are n = 7; l = 0; ml = 0; ms = +1/2

(d) The full set of Quantum Numbers are n = 2; l = 1; ml = 0; ms = +1/2

Quantum Numbers is a set of numbers used to describe the position and energy of the electron in an atom. There are four quantum numbers namely, principal (n) , azimuthal(l), magnetic (ml) and spin quantum numbers (ms) .

(a) Potassium has atomic no Z=19

Electronic configuration of potassium= 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s² 4s¹

Outermost electron = 4s¹

n= 4 , l=0 since the outermost electron is in s orbital

and ml can change from -l to +l but if l= 0 because it is an s-orbital then ml must be zero too; m=0

ms can be either +1/2 or -1/2 depending on yhe spin of electron, it does not matter in this case. So, ms= =1/2

The full set of Quantum Numbers are n=4, l=0, ml=0, ms=+1/

(b) Bromine has atomic number Z= 35 and Br⁻ has atomic number= 36

Electronic configuration for bromine when an electron is gained

= (Ar) 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶

The electron the bromine atom gains to form bromide makes bromide have the same electronic configuration as the neon gas krypton. Krypton's electron configuration ends in 4p⁶. . The 4 is the n-value and the l-value is 1, which is a p-orbital. Since the p-orbital is filled, the last subshell ml  is filled and it has a value of +1. The last electron filled in an orbital always has an ms = -1/2

The full set of  quantum numbers are; n=4 , l= 1, ml=  1, ms= -1/2

(c) Fr has an atomic number = 87 ( Rn)7s¹

Electronic configuration for an electron lost in Fr atom=  1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶ 3d¹⁰4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹

Therefore,  for lost electron the outermost electron is in 7s⁰ shell.

n= 7, l=0 as the outermost electron is in s orbital and therfore ml= 0 ans ms= +1/2

Full set of quantum numbers are n = 7; l = 0; ml = 0; ms = +1/2

(d) carbon has atomic number Z=6

Electronic configuration = 1s² 2s² 2p²

In the ground state highest energy principal quantum no n=2

l= 1 as electron is in p orbital , ml=0 and ms= +1/2

 full set of quantum numbers are= n = 2; l = 1; ml = 0; ms = +1/2

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to which of the simpler gas laws does the combined gas law revert when the temperature is held constant?

Answers

Boyle's Law does the combined gas law revert when the temperature is held constant:

The combined gas law reverts to Boyle's Law when the temperature is held constant. Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its volume, as long as the temperature remains constant. In other words, as the pressure increases, the volume decreases, and vice versa.

Mathematically, this can be expressed as:

P1 * V1 = P2 * V2

where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume, respectively.

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Boyle's Law does the combined gas law revert when the temperature is held constant:

The combined gas law reverts to Boyle's Law when the temperature is held constant. Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its volume, as long as the temperature remains constant. In other words, as the pressure increases, the volume decreases, and vice versa.

Mathematically, this can be expressed as:

P1 * V1 = P2 * V2

where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume, respectively.

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Please help? It’s for chem

Please help? Its for chem

Answers

Answer:

O-H

Explanation:

It is polar covalent bond, because the hydrogen atom has electronegativity about 2.6, and the oxygen atom, electronegativity about 3.6. When the difference in electronegativity of the atoms is between 0.4 and 1.7, the result is a polar covalent bond.

Which state of matter requires special conditions to form and is affected by electric and magnetic fields

Answers

Answer:

The uniqueness of the plasma state is due to the importance of electric and magnetic forces that act on a plasma in addition to such forces as gravity that affect all forms of matter.

Explanation:

how can offspring have traits that neither parent has?

Answers

When both parents shared different traits either it will be heterogeneous or homogenous traits,in that case offspring traits neither belongs to parents.However,chances are very that traits of children neither belongs to parents.

Unaffected parents can create impacted offsprings assuming that the two guardians are transporters (heterozygous) for the attribute being followed in the family. Latent traits are normally not communicated in each age. Finally, guys and females are similarly prone to communicate a latently acquired characteristic.

In the event that the latent characteristic is more than prevailing, the recessive traits will really become predominant and the predominant attribute will become recessive.Recessive alleles are meant by a lowercase letter (a versus A). Just people with an aa genotype will communicate a latent characteristic; consequently, posterity should get one passive allele from each parent to display a latent traits.

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If 4.1 g of Cr is heated with 9.3 L of Cl2 gas, what mass of CrCl3 will be produced from the following equation: 2 Cr + 3 Cl2 -> 2 CrCl3``

Answers

The mass of CrCl3 will be produced from the following equation:

2Cr + 3Cl2 -> 2CrCl3 if 4.1 g of Cr is heated with 9.3L of Cl2 gas is 12g

Given the mass of Cr(m) = 4.1g

The molar mass of Cr (M) = 51g/mol

The volume of Cl2 gas (V) =9.3L = 9.3g

The molar mass of Cl2 = 71g

Given the reaction is: 2Cr + 3Cl2 -> 2CrCl3

The molar mass of CrCl3 is = 158.5g

We know that to find number of moles = mass/molecular mass of substance such that:

The number of moles of Cr (n) = 4.1/51 = 0.08

The number of moles of Cl2 = 9.3/71 = 0.13

Here the Cr acts as limiting reagent since it has less moles

The mass of CrCl3 using Cr = 0.08 x 158.5 x 2 mol of CrCl3/2 mol of Cr = 12.7g

The mass of CrCl3 using Cl2 = 0.13 x 158.5 x 2 mol of CrCl3/3 mol of Cl2 = 14g

Hence , the mass of CrCl3 produced is 12g

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Ralph and Sheila are at a construction site and they are stacking bricks. The diagram above shows the bricks before they touch. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

After the bricks have been touching for a while, whose top brick will be cooler?

Answers

Answer:Sheila's top brick will be cooler than Ralph’s top brick, because Sheila’s started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both her bricks to reach the same total energy.

Explanation:

Sheila’s top brick will be cooler than Ralph’s top brick, because the energy that transferred to Sheila’s was spread out over more molecules. The correct option is C.

What is energy transfer?

The process of moving energy from one system to another, such as through the transmission of heat, work, or mass, is known as energy transfer.

There are four ways to transfer energy:

Mechanically: As a result of a force.By an electrical current, or electrically.By radiation, such as sound or light waves.Heating through radiation, convection, or conduction.

While laying bricks at a construction site, Ralph and Sheila are there. The energy that traveled to Sheila's top brick was dispersed over more molecules, making it cooler than Ralph's top brick.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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Your question seems incomplete, the missing options and image are:

Ralph’s top brick will be cooler than Sheila's top brick, because less energy has to transfer for Ralph’s brick’s molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of his bottom brick.

Sheila's top brick will be cooler than Ralph’s top brick, because Sheila’s started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both her bricks to reach the same total energy.

Sheila’s top brick will be cooler than Ralph’s top brick, because the energy that transferred to Sheila’s was spread out over more molecules.

Both will be the same temperature, because both bottom bricks had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top bricks started with the same energy.

Ralph and Sheila are at a construction site and they are stacking bricks. The diagram above shows the

what would ebony do in water

Answers

Explanation:

It should be seen that perhaps the intensity of Ebony timber is greater than the concentration. This can drown if this is heavier than water, but that will floating whether it is not viscous than air. 

the enthalpy of solution is positive when ch3cn dissolves in formaldehyde. use this information to list the stages in order of increasing enthalpy.

Answers

The enthalpy of solution ∆H is positive when CH3CN dissolves in formaldehyde. Use this information to list the stages in order of increasing enthalpy A<D<B<C.

The net result of the energy absorbed or dissipated as heat by the solution when a given amount of solute is dissolved in a solvent at constant pressure. The amount of heat released or absorbed when a substance melts is not constant. It depends on the final solute concentration.

The enthalpy of a solution is expressed in kJ/mol at a nearly constant temperature. The energy change can be viewed as consisting of three parts endothermic bond breaking in the solute and solvent and the formation of an attractive force between the solute and solvent. The enthalpy of a solution describes the total amount of heat absorbed or released when two substances go into the solution. This sum can be either positive or negative.

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REALLY NEED HELP


Aqueous Precipitation Reactions:

1. Complete and balance the following chemical equations for double replacement reactions. Make sure you indicate if a solid precipitate is formed.

2. Write the lonic Equation and the net ionic equation for each

Answers

Answer:You're dealing with a double replacement reaction in which two soluble ionic compounds react in aqueous solution to form an Insoluble solid.

As you know, soluble ionic compounds exist as ions in solution. In your case, a solution of sodium carbonate,

Na

2

CO

3

, will contain

Na

2

CO

3(aq]

2

Na

+

(aq]

+

CO

2

3(aq]

Likewise, a solution of calcium chloride,

CaCl

2

, will contain

CaCl

2(aq]

Ca

2

+

(aq]

+

2

Cl

(aq]

When these two solutions are mixed, the calcium cations,

Ca

2

+

, will apir up with the carbonate anions,

CO

2

3

, and form the Insoluble calcium carbonate,

CaCO

3

, which precipitates out of solution.

The complete ionic equation, which features all the ions that are present in solution, will look like this

2

Na

+

(aq]

+

CO

2

3(aq]

+

Ca

2

+

(aq]

+

2

Cl

(aq]

CaCO

3(s]

+

2

Na

+

(aq]

+

2

Cl

(aq]

The net ionic equation, for which spectator ions are omitted - remember that spectator ions are those ions located on both sides of the equation - will look like this

CO

2

3(aq]

+

Ca

2

+

(aq]

CaCO

3(s]

To get the overall balanced chemical equation, simply look at he complete ionic equation and group the ions back to an ionic compound

Na

2

CO

3

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2

Na

+

(aq]

+

CO

2

3(aq]

+

CaCl

2



Ca

2

+

(aq]

+

2

Cl

(aq]

CaCO

3(s]

+

2

NaCl



2

Na

+

(aq]

+

2

Cl

(aq]

Notice that you have two sodium cations and two chloride anions on the products' side, which is why you have

2

NaCl

.

Na

2

CO

3(aq]

+

CaCl

2(aq]

CaCO

3(s]

+

2

NaCl  Hope it helps :)

The word "precipitation reaction" refers to a chemical reaction that takes place within an aqueous solution as two ionic bonds join, resulting in the production of an insoluble salt.

What do aqueous precipitation reactions entail?

When dissolved substances react, one (or even more) solid products are produced, which is known as a precipitation reaction. These kinds of reactions, which are also occasionally known as double displacement, twofold replacement, or metathesis reactions, frequently involve the exchange or ions between ionic substances in water-based solutions.

Which two precipitate reactions are examples of them?

Examples include the interaction of calcium chloride (CaCl2) with potassium hydroxide (KOH), which produces the insoluble salt calcium hydroxide. Silver https://brainly.com/question/11527546(AgCl), an insoluble salt, is produced by the interaction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium chloride (NaCl).

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The volume of a brick is 52 cubic inches. Which choice best describes its volume?

The volume of a brick is 52 cubic inches. Which choice best describes its volume?

Answers

Answer:

I think he was right but not explaining

Explanation:

I think it is C cause.... the volume of a material is the amount of matter that matterial can hold. it should the the amount of space the whole material takes up.

so C is the answer.

pls make this the brainliest.

not because it is, but because I asked.

For chemistry, what is a common unit for density?

Answers

Answer:

commonly used

kilograms per cubic meter(kg/m³) and

grams per cubic centimeter(g/cm³)

Explanation:

hope it helps you

Many angiosperms rely on animals for

Answers

Many angiosperm species rely on the interaction between animals and their flowers for reproduction. As insects, birds or other animals move from one flower to another feeding on nectar, they commonly distribute pollen from flower to flower as they go which leads to plants being pollinated and seeds to be produced.

Can animals detect radio waves

Answers

Answer:

No.

Explanation:

No organism can detect X-rays or radio waves

Answer:

no

Explanation:

Many animals, including vampire bats and certain fish and snake species, are able to sense infrared radiation, but this only goes up to wavelengths of 1mm. Longer wavelengths carry much less energy and can't be detected without some kind of resonator to amplify the signal.

How does thermal energy increase?


Plzzz help

How does thermal energy increase?Plzzz help

Answers

Answer:

B. with more motion of particles within a substance.

Answer:

B. with more motion of particles within a substance.

Hope this helps!

What biological factors and/or actions
contribute to increases in entropy?

Answers

Answer:

If you increase temperature, you increase entropy. (1) More energy put into a system excites the molecules and the amount of random activity. (2) As a gas expands in a system, entropy increases.

All of the following are cofactors used in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase EXCEPT ________. Biotin Thiamine pyrophosphate FAD NAD

Answers

All of the following are cofactors used in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase EXCEPT biotin.

The pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme is largely cofactor dependent enzyme for the efficient functioning. TPP, NAD, and FAD are essential cofactors that are required for the different reactions pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyzes to take place.

Biotin is required for carboxylation activities even if pyruvate dehydrogenase does not actively engage in the process' initiation. Biotin is very important for the function of many other as well.

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SCH3U1
Lesson 4.4
1. When 3.62 g of anhydrous calcium chloride, CaCl2, is left open to the air, 1.17 g of water is
absorbed. Determine the formula of the hydrated compound that is formed.

Answers

The formula of the hydrated compound is \(CaCl_{2} . 2H_{2}O,\) which is also known as calcium chloride dihydrate.

To determine the formula of the hydrated compound formed when 3.62 g of anhydrous calcium chloride absorbs 1.17 g of water, we need to use the law of definite proportions, which states that the elements in a compound are always present in a fixed ratio by mass.

First, we need to find the moles of anhydrous calcium chloride and water absorbed:

Moles of \(CaCl_{2}\) = 3.62 g / 110.98 g/mol = 0.0326 mol

Moles of \(H_{2}O\) = 1.17 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.0649 mol

Next, we need to determine the mole ratio of anhydrous calcium chloride to water in the hydrated compound. To do this, we can divide both moles by the smaller mole value:

Moles of \(CaCl_{2}\) / 0.0326 = 1

Moles of \(H_{2}O\) / 0.0326 = 1.99

The mole ratio of \(CaCl_{2}\) to \(H_{2}O\) is approximately 1:2, indicating that the hydrated compound is likely a dihydrate.

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Before a system is evacuated, all piping should be filled with nitrogen and a small amount of refrigerant, in order to be?

Answers

Before a system is evacuated, all piping should be filled with nitrogen and a small amount of refrigerant, in order to be pressurized.

Pressurization refers to the process of elevating the pressure of a gas or fluid in a closed container. It is critical in various fields of science and technology, from gas cylinders to rocket engines. At standard pressure and temperature, the term refers to a moderate increase in pressure, but it can also refer to a significant boost.

In a refrigeration system, pressurization refers to the application of a gas at a high pressure to produce cooling, such as when a refrigerant is forced to undergo the process of evaporation and condensation to produce cold air.

In the given scenario, the piping is filled with nitrogen and a small amount of refrigerant before evacuation to pressurize the piping. Pressurization serves as a preliminary test to check for leaks and other potential flaws in the piping. This is a safety measure that is performed to prevent future issues. If the piping has been correctly pressurized and no leaks are found, the refrigerant can be added to the system.

Thus, the correct answer is pressurized.

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What is the Sl unit for energy? Be sure to give the full name for the unit

Answers

Answer:

Joules

Explanation:

How much energy must be absorbed by 45.0g of water to increase its temperature from 83 0°C to 303.0°C?

Answers

Answer: There will be 41382 J energy must be absorbed by 45.0g of water to increase its temperature from \(83.0^{o}C\) to \(303.0^{o}C\).

Explanation:

Given: Mass = 45.0 g

Initial temperature = \(83.0^{o}C\)

Final temperature = \(303.0^{o}C\)

Formula used to calculate heat energy is as follows.

\(q = m \times C \times (T_{2} - T_{1})\)

where,

q = heat energy

m = mass of substance

C = specific heat = \(4.18 J/g^{o}C\) (here, for water)

\(T_{1}\) = initial temperature

\(T_{2}\) = final temperature

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

\(q = m \times C \times (T_{2} - T_{1})\\= 45.0 g \times 4.18 J/g^{o}C \times (303.0 - 83.0)^{o}C\\= 41382 J\)

Thus, we can conclude that there will be 41382 J energy must be absorbed by 45.0g of water to increase its temperature from \(83.0^{o}C\) to \(303.0^{o}C\).

what are two questions about what happened to the lake?

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