Random mutations may occur that cause a change in the order of nitrogen bases in a codon. one type of mutation involves the substitution of one of the nitrogen bases in a codon. explain the effect of a
substitution of one of the bases in a codon.
Answers
A substitution of one of the nitrogen bases in a codon can have a drastic effect on the function of a gene. A substitution mutation occurs when one of the nitrogen bases in a codon is replaced with a different base.
This change in the genetic code can lead to a change in the amino acid sequence that is produced after translation. Depending on the location of the substitution, the resulting amino acid sequence may be completely different from what was intended.
In some cases, the resulting amino acid sequence can be toxic to the cell, resulting in cell death. Additionally, the substitution may alter the function of the gene, resulting in a functional change.
For example, the substitution may result in the production of a protein that is non-functional or has altered activity. This can lead to a variety of diseases or other health problems. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the potential consequences of a substitution mutation when it occurs.
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Related Questions
the two gases that a nitrox diving computer takes into consideration when computing your allowable bottom time are nitrous oxide and carbon monoxide.
true
false
Answers
these organs, due to the muscular contractions of their walls, involuntarily
Answers
Answer:
move food through the digestive tract
Explanation:
"Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees."
a.
Ethos
b.
Pathos
c.
Logos
Answers
Ethos is the characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations.
Pathos is a quality that evokes pity or sadness
Logos is like the Word of God, or principle of divine reason and creative order
So the most reasonable answer would be Ethos.
I
|
1. What is the mRNA strand that would be copied from this DNA strand?
GGC TAT ATC CTG CGCTAT ACG CIA
Answers
CCG AUA UAG GAC GCGAUA UGC G?U
?=there is no such thing as an I in a DNA strand.
C= G
G= C
A=U
T= A
Hope this helps
2. Describe the permeability of cell membranes. How to substances cross cellmembranes? Utilize the terms bi-polar, semi-permeable, diffusion, active transport, membrane
proteins, endocytosis, exocytosis, vesicles, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, etc. (This should be 3-4paragraphs long)
Answers
The permeability of a cell membrane simply means the ability of the cell membrane to allow solutes and solvents diffuse or pass through it
In biology, substances moves in and out of cells through semi-permeable membranes of the cell in a function of different metabolic processes such as:
Osmosis: This is the movement of substances from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentrationDiffusion: This is the movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentrationPhagocytosis: This involves the movement of substances through phagocytic bacteriaEndocytosis: This involves the movement of substances into the cellExocytosis: This involves the movement of substances outside the cell environmentPinocytosis and othersSo therefore, thee permeability of a cell membrane simply means the ability of the cell membrane to allow solutes and solvents diffuse or pass through it
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how much force would is required to stop a 1200kg car in 2 seconds if the car is traveling at 22 m/s
Answers
mass of the car = m = 1200 kg
initial velocity of the car = Vi = 10 m/sec
final velocity of the car = 0
time required to stop the car = t = 20 sec
Using Newton`s 2nd law of motion;
F = ma ………………………(1)
as a = Vf - Vi / t , put this value in equation (1)
F = m ( Vf - Vi /t ) ………………(2)
F = 1200 ( 0 - 10 /20) = - 600 N
here Negative sign shows that external force is acting in opposite direction of the motion to bring it to rest.
we can also calculate this force by using the relation
Rate of change of momentum = net force acting on the object …………(3)
m Vf - m Vi / t = net force acting on the object
m (Vf - Vi / t) = F
1200 ( 0 - 10 /20) = - 600 N = F
so, net force acting on the object =F = - 600 N
The force required to stop the car is 13200 N.
We have car of mass 1200kg.
We have to determine how much force is required to stop this car in 2 seconds.
What is Force ?
Force is defined as the product of mass and acceleration. Mathematically-
F = ma
According to the question -
Using first equation of motion -
v = u + at
0 = 22 + a x 2
-22 = 2a
a = -11 m/s².
The force required to stop the car = M x a = 1200 x |a| = 1200 x 11 =
13200 N
Hence, the force required to stop the car is 13200 N.
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Choose one correct Answer
Answers
Lolly v gzip t g hlchocgxxh
Explanation: The graphed pairs are in a pattern, in fact there are a few patterns I see.
Pattern 1: Everytime there's an ordered pair thats graphed, the distance between the numbers goes up by 1.
(4, 5) 4 and 5 is 1 number away from eachother
(8, 10) 8 and 10 are 2 numbers away from eachother
(12, 15) 12 and 15 are 3 numbers away from eachother
(16, 20) 16 and 20 are 4 numbers away from eachother
So, that means that 20, 25 would be the correct choice, because 20 and 25 are 5 numbers away from eachother.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pattern 2: Everytime there's an ordered pair that's graphed, the first number of every ordered pair goes up by 4
(4, 5)
(8, 10)
(12, 15)
(16, 20)
Multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, etc.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pattern 3: Everytime there's an ordered pair that's graphed, the second number of every ordered pair goes up by 5
(4, 5)
(8, 10)
(12, 15)
(16, 20)
Multiples of 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, etc.
HELP PLS First, Demetri will test the three solutions containing milk (lactose).
He begins the experiment by preparing the lactase enzyme solutions. In one beaker he dissolves 1 lactase tablet in 100 mL of water at room temperature. He stirs the mixture until the tablet has dissolved completely. He repeats this process in a second beaker, and then heats the beaker until the solution is boiling.
Demetri then tests these three milk (lactose) solutions for the presence of glucose:
milk in water
milk and lactase enzyme in water
milk and heated lactase enzyme in water
Test Tube 1 - Milk (Lactose): Demetri fills the first test tube one-quarter full of milk. Then, he slowly adds water to the milk until the test tube is three-quarters full. Using the stirrer, Demetri thoroughly mixes the solution. Then he inserts the test strip for 30 seconds and records its color.
Test Tube 2 - Milk (Lactose) and Lactase Enzyme: Demetri fills the second test tube one-quarter full with milk. He then adds the lactase-and-water solution until the test tube is three-quarters full. He uses a stirrer to thoroughly mix the solution. Next, Demetri inserts the test strip for 30 seconds and records its color.
Test Tube 3 - Milk (Lactose) and Heated Lactase Enzyme: Demetri fills the third test tube one-quarter full with milk. He then adds the heated lactase-and-water solution until the test tube is three-quarters full. After stirring, Demetri inserts the test strip for 30 seconds and records its color.
According to the test strips, which of these milk solutions contained glucose?
Answers
Answer:
2nd test tube, because test strip color turned to green, which indicates this test tube solution contained glucose.
Explanation:
Lactase will break down the lactose into glucose and galactose. In first test tube there is no such activity because there is no lactase presented. In 3rd test tube as the enzyme is heated so it is get decomposed so in this case also there is no activity of lactase enzyme.
The second tube is the tube that contained glucose.
We can arrive at this answer because:
Lactase is a protein.This protein has the function of breaking lactose into smaller molecules, which are glucose and galactose molecules.This protein is sensitive to high temperatures and loses functionality in very hot environments.In the case of the tests used in the question above, we can say that in the first test tube, the lactase solution was not added, so the lactose was not broken down. The lactase solution was added to the second test tube, where the lactose was broken down generating glucose and galactose. In the third test tube, the heated water prevented the lactase from acting and therefore it cannot break down the lactose.
Therefore, only the second tube has glucose.
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The intensity of sunlight on Earth is affected by
A.) the mass of Earth
B.) the speed of Earth
C.) the number of rotations of Earth
D.) the curved surface of Earth
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is D.) the curved surface of Earth.
Explanation:
The intensity of sunlight on Earth is affected by the curved surface of Earth, which causes the sunlight to spread out over a larger area. As a result, the intensity of sunlight is less at any given point on Earth's surface than it would be if Earth had a flat surface. This also explains why the poles receive less sunlight than the equator, as sunlight is spread out over a larger area near the poles due to the curvature of the Earth.
Factors such as the mass of Earth, the speed of Earth, and the number of rotations of Earth do not directly affect the intensity of sunlight on Earth.
x is the maximum population that a given area can support
Carrying capacity
Population growth
Limiting factor
Immigration rate
Answers
Answer:
aa22
Explanation:
yeah yeah y
The back bone of DNA and RNA is composed of _____. DNA is double stranded due to interactions between adenine,cytosine,guanine, and thymine, which are ____ Uracil is a
Answers
The backbone of DNA and RNA is composed of sugar phosphate. DNA is double-stranded due to interactions between adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, which are nucleotide bases. Uracil is a pyrimidine nucleotide base.
DNA is the hereditary material of humans and almost all organisms. It carries genetic information. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA is ribonucleic acid. DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single-stranded. Both DNA and RNA are protein derivatives. The base is formed of sugar phosphates. Both these carry nucleotide bases on them. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, thymidine, etc are examples of nucleotide bases. Among that adenine and guanine are purines. Cytosil Uracil and thymidine are pyrimidines.
For more details on purines and pyrimidines, see this question.
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classify each of the following as an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture. 1.water
2.Caesar Salad
3.milk and cereal
4.Iron filings
5.blood
6.sugar
7.sand
8.sea water
9.salt
10.carbon dioxide
Answers
Caesar Salad, milk and cereal, Blood, Sand are heterogeneous mixture while water, sugar and salt are compounds and Iron filings is a element and Sea water is a homogeneous mixture
A pure substance with only one kind of atom makes up an element. The elements oxygen, hydrogen, and iron are examples.
A compound is a substance that is composed of two or more distinct elements that have been chemically bonded together in a specific proportion. Examples include sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water.
A combination of two or more substances that are evenly distributed at the molecular level is referred to as a homogeneous mixture. The mixture's composition is constant throughout. Examples include air, sugar water solutions, and saltwater.
A combination of two or more substances that are not distributed equally is referred to as a heterogeneous mixture. Visual differentiation between the various elements is possible and with time, they may settle or separate. A salad with various ingredients, soil and vinegar dressing are some examples.
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What organisms, systems, or structures does Megan Morikawa study?
Answers
Megan Morikawa used field and controlled experiments to understand the mechanisms that allow some corals to tolerate a greater amount of heat stress than other corals.
What is a coral?Corals are marine invertebrates within the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria.
They typically form compact colonies of many identical individual polyps. Coral species include the important reef builders that inhabit tropical oceans and secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard skeleton.
Thus, we can conclude that, Megan Morikawa used field and controlled experiments to understand the mechanisms that allow some corals to tolerate a greater amount of heat stress than other corals.
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What is a mass extinction?
A. the death of one member of a species
B. the death of every member of a species
C. the death of select members of a species
D. the death of all members of many different
species
Answers
Answer:
D. the death of all members of many different species :)
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What is the byproduct of liver?
Answers
Answer: The liver regulates most chemical levels in the blood and excretes a product called bile.
Explanation:
True or false, Water molecules tend to push away from each other.
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Water molecules actually adhere to eachother
Which statement is true of DNA polymerase?
Answers
Answer:
b) DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' direction
DNA polymerase is only able to synthesize a new strand of DNA and not mRNA. It is only able to do this in the 5' to 3' direction. The leading template strand runs in the 3' to 5' direction and so the new complementary strand is synthesized in a 5' to 3' direction in one continuous run, following the replication fork as it 'unzips' the DNA.
hope it helps btw i did this test and i got it correct
check my screenshot below
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Explanation:
A higher concentration of carbon dioxide exists inside a leaf cell than outside
the call. In order to maintain homeostasis, which action will occur?
A. The cell membrane will burst open to allow more carbon dioxide
into the cell.
B. The cell membrane will use active transport to move the carbon
dioxide to an area of lower concentration.
C. A portion of the cell membrane will wrap around the carbon
dioxide molecules to enclose them within the cell.
D. The cell membrane will allow carbon dioxide to pass out of the cell
by diffusion.
Answers
The cell membrane will allow carbon dioxide to pass out of the cell by diffusion and is denoted as option D.
What is Diffusion?This is the process in which molecules move from a region of high concentration to that of a lower concentration.
The cell membrane in plants allow for the passage of molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide and down their concentration gradient, by simple diffusion.
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The Yellowstone area contains organisms representing all trophic levels, including plants, algae,
moss, fungi, blue jays, fish, and grizzly bears. Which sequence best represents the transfer of
energy through Yellowstone trophic levels?
a. Fungi to moss to algae to fish
b. Blue jay to moss to fungi to plant
c. Algae to fish to grizzly bear to fungi
d. Plant to blue jay to algae to grizzly bear
Answers
Answer:
c. Algae to fish to grizzly bear to fungi
Explanation:
Algae are the producers in Yellowstone trophic levels which can be eaten by fish which is a primary consumer. The grizzly bear which is a secondary consumer or carnivores feed on these fish and when the grizzly bear die, fungi which is a decomposer feeds on the grizzly bear and release nitrogenous substances which can be used by the algae for its growth and development. Only 10% of energy is transferred from on trophic level to another whereas the remaining 90% are released in the form of heat energy.
What direct evidence exists for homo sapiens's involvement in the mass extinction of Holocene megafauna (kill sites, butchery sites etc)? What other sorts of evidence are used to make the argument for a human role (i.e. the overkill hypothesis).
Create a thesis statement and 3 sub-arguments for body paragraphs.
Answers
Thesis: Direct evidence, including kill sites and butchery sites, along with additional supporting factors, strongly support the involvement of Homo sapiens in the mass extinction of Holocene megafauna, aligning with the overkill hypothesis.
Kill sites as direct evidence
Kill sites such as Warratyi rock shelter and La Brea Tar Pits reveal concentrated deposits of megafauna remains alongside stone tools, directly linking Homo sapiens to their extinction.
Butchery sites as direct evidence
Butchery sites like Mammoth Site and Kostenki-Borshevo exhibit clear signs of human butchery on megafauna remains, such as cut marks and bone breakage patterns, providing direct evidence of human hunting and processing.
The correlation between the arrival of Homo sapiens and the decline of megafauna, coupled with population expansion and advanced hunting technologies, supports the overkill hypothesis. Climate change alone cannot explain the magnitude and timing of extinctions.
Direct evidence from kill and butchery sites, along with supporting factors, strongly indicate Homo sapiens' role in the mass extinction of Holocene megafauna. The association of stone tools with megafauna remains, presence of butchery signs, and the correlation between human arrival and extinctions provide compelling evidence for human-driven overhunting as a primary cause.
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Choose an organism to use as an example.
Answers
Answer:
Bacteria
Explanation:
humans, plants, fungi and bacteria are a type of organism
what are the different macromolecule polymers and their monomers? which are non polar and which are polar
Answers
The different macromolecule polymers and their monomers are as follows:
CarbohydratesThe primary component of carbohydrates is glucose.
Polysaccharides are carbohydrates composed of many monosaccharide monomers.
Polysaccharides are divided into two categories: storage and structural.
Cellulose, for example, is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, while glycogen is a storage polysaccharide found in animal cells.
ProteinsAmino acids are the monomers that make up proteins. Proteins are composed of up to four levels of structural complexity. The sequence of amino acids, the polypeptide chain's shape, the interaction of different polypeptide chains, and the final functional structure are the four levels of organization.
LipidsLipids, unlike carbohydrates and proteins, do not have a unique monomer that makes up their structure. Instead, lipids are made up of fatty acids and glycerol molecules. The difference between a fatty acid and a glycerol molecule is that fatty acids have a long hydrocarbon chain, while glycerol does not.
Nucleic acidsNucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids. Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids, and they both have different nucleotide base sequences.
DNA is an example of a nonpolar macromolecule because it is primarily composed of hydrophobic base pairs, whereas RNA is polar because it is composed of hydrophilic base pairs.
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Complete question
what are the different macromolecule polymers and their monomers? which are non polar and which are polar- carbohydrate, protein, lipid, nucleic acid.
Often overlooked, what is the importance of decomposers and detritivores (organisms that eat left overs, not scavengers) in a balanced
ecosystem?
A. They are the largest group at the bottom of an energy pyramid.
B. They are a keystone species in passing the nutrients through the food chain.
C. They help break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the soil.
D. They can survive without oxygen and thus continue under extreme conditions.
Answers
Answer:
C. They help break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the soil.
Explanation:
Decomposers are organisms that break down other dead organisms. They also return nutrients to the soil.
Coral is a keystone species for the Great Barrier Reef. Many organisms and ecosystems in the reef rely on coral for a variety of reasons. Ocean acidification bleaches coral and kills coral. Explain the impact this would have on the biodiversity of the ecosystems within the Great Barrier Reef.
Answers
Answer:
The impact this would have on the biodiversity of the ecosystems within the Great Barrier Reef is that knowing its takes million of years for coral reef to develop it would be devastating as a end result because many organisms and sea lifes rely on the Great Barrier Reef for survival.
the rock pocket mice that live on both the lava fields and the surrounding desert region belong to the same genetic population (i.e., gene pool). what kind of selection is occurring on this pocket mouse population?
Answers
The kind of selection that happen on the rock pocket mice that live on both the lava fields and the surrounding desert region belong to the same genetic population is natural selection.
Subsequent research revealed that there is strong selective pressure to keep the Mc1r allele and coat color frequencies consistent across short geographic distances between light- and dark-colored rock islands.
Melanism in rock pocket mice is thus regarded as an extraordinary example of natural selection. Changes in the Mc1r gene sequence, however, are not responsible for the color difference in the New Mexico mice, leading the researchers to conclude that the nearly identical dark coat colors evolved multiple times in rock pocket mice, an example of convergent evolution.
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how do multicellular organisms exchange gases
Answers
Please help me with this
Answers
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C
Hope this helps :)
does anyone know this answer?
Answers
Answer:
have long deep roots and store food
Explanation:
they just do
they need to to survive
shaunnie was telling her friends about her trip across canada. the information about her trip is held in __________ memory.
Answers
Shaunnie was telling her friends about her trip across cannada. the information about her trip is held in long-term memory.
Long- term memory is used to store information over an extended period of time. It can hold recollections from times or indeed decades back. When Shaunnie recalled the details of her trip, she was penetrating her long- term memory. Long- term memory can also be used to store information that has been learned and rehearsed similar as dates, data, and formulas.
This type of memory is necessary for any type of literacy and knowledge retention. Long- term memory is different from short- term memory which is used to temporarily store information for a short period of time. It can help with fastening on a specific task and remembering lately seen or heard information. It's a necessary part of our memory system and when used together with long- term memory, it can be inestimable in literacy and retaining new information.
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Explain how smart growth promotes long-term sustainable development.
Answers
Answer:
Smart growth planning concentrates development in the center of a city, preventing urban sprawl. This strategy reduces the need for automobile use, reducing pollution and the other environmental consequences arising from building roads and such.
Answer:
Smart growth is a planning and development approach that emphasizes sustainable land use, transportation, and community design. It aims to promote long-term sustainable development by creating compact, walkable, and mixed-use communities that reduce the need for driving, conserve natural resources, and provide a high quality of life for residents.
Here are some ways in which smart growth promotes long-term sustainable development:
Compact development: Smart growth encourages compact development that concentrates development in already developed areas and discourages sprawling, low-density development. Compact development reduces the need for driving and makes it easier to provide public transportation and infrastructure to support sustainable living.
Mixed-use development: Smart growth emphasizes mixed-use development that combines commercial, residential, and retail uses in the same area. Mixed-use development reduces the need for driving by providing residents with access to shops, services, and amenities within walking or biking distance.
Transportation alternatives: Smart growth promotes transportation alternatives such as walking, biking, and public transportation. It supports the creation of bike lanes, sidewalks, and trails, and encourages the development of public transit systems. By providing transportation alternatives, smart growth reduces the amount of driving, which helps to reduce air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and traffic congestion.
Protection of natural resources: Smart growth advocates for the protection of natural resources such as forests, wetlands, and open spaces. By protecting these resources, smart growth ensures that they are available for future generations and supports the conservation of biodiversity.
Community involvement: Smart growth promotes community involvement in the planning and development process. It encourages public participation in decision-making and fosters collaboration between stakeholders, including residents, developers, and government officials. By involving the community, smart growth ensures that development is responsive to the needs of residents and is sustainable in the long term.
In summary, smart growth promotes long-term sustainable development by creating compact, mixed-use communities that reduce the need for driving, provide transportation alternatives, protect natural resources, and involve the community in the planning and development process.