PROBLEM SETS: %BY MASS, % BY VOLUME, MOLARITY, MOLALITY (show your solution)
1. What is the molarity of a solution in which 0.850 grams of ammonium nitrate are dissolved in 345 mL of solution?
2. Calculate the molality of a solution of 13.5g of KF dissolved in 250. g of water.
3. Calculate the molality of a solution containing 16.5 g of dissolved naphthalene (C10H8) in 54.3 g benzene (C6H6).
4. What is the mass percent of each component in the mixture formed by adding 12 g of calcium sulfate, 18 g of sodium nitrate, and 25 g of potassium chloride to 500 g of water?
5. A solution is made by dissolving 125 g of sodium chloride in 1.5 kg of water. What is the percent by mass?
6. What is the percent by volume of a solution formed by added 15 L of acetone to 28 L of water?
Answers
The concentration of a substance can be expressed using molarity, molality or percent.
What is concentration?The term concentration has to do with the amount of substance present in solution. Now let us solve the problems individually;
a) Number of moles = 0.850 grams/80 g/mol = 0.011 moles
molarity = 0.011 moles/345 * 10^-3 L = 0.032 M
b) Number of moles = 13.5g /58 g/mol = 0.23 moles
molality = 0.23 moles/250 * 10^-3 Kg = 0.92 m
c) Number of moles = 16.5 g/128 g/mol = 0.13 moles
molality = 0.13 moles/54.3 * 10^-3 Kg =2.39 m
d) Total mass present = 12 g + 18 g + 25 g + 500 g = 555 g
mass percent of calcium sulfate = 12 g/555 g * 100/1 = 2.2 %
mass percent of sodium nitrate = 18 g/ 555 g * 100/1 = 3.2 %
mass percent of potassium chloride = 25 g / 555 g * 100/1 = 4.5%
mass percent of water = 500 g / 555 g * 100/1 =90.1%
e) Total mass present = 125 g + 1500g = 1625 g
Mass percent of NaCl = 125 g/1625 g * 100/1 = 7.7%
f) Total volume of solution = 15 L + 28 L = 43 L
percent by volume of acetone = 15 L/43 L * 100/1 = 34.9%
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Related Questions
How much HCl (in moles) must be added to 1L of a buffer solution that is 0.84 M in ammonia and 0.96 M in ammonium chloride to result in a buffer solution of pH 8.56?
Answers
we need to add 0.20 moles of HCl to 1 liter of the buffer solution to achieve a pH of 8.56.
Steps
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for the buffer system is:
pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])
where pKa is the acid dissociation constant for ammonium ion (NH4+), [A-] is the concentration of ammonia (NH3), and [HA] is the concentration of ammonium ion (NH4+).
The pKa for NH4+ is 9.25, so:
pH = 9.25 + log([NH3]/[NH4+])
Substituting the given concentrations, we get:
8.56 = 9.25 + log([NH3]/0.96)
log([NH3]/0.96) = -0.69
[NH3]/0.96 = 0.21
[NH3] = 0.20 M
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and NH3 can be used to determine how much HCl is necessary to reach this new concentration:
HCl + NH3 → NH4+ + Cl-
Calculating the amount of HCl required to convert some of the NH3 to NH4+ is all that is necessary because the buffer solution already includes NH4+ and Cl-. The required amount of NH4+ is:
[NH4+] = [NH3] = 0.20 M
The amount of HCl is needed is
0.20 mol NH3 × 1 mol HCl/1 mol NH3 = 0.20 mol HCl
Therefore, we need to add 0.20 moles of HCl to 1 liter of the buffer solution to achieve a pH of 8.56.
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PLEASE HELP FAST!!!!
fill in the coefficients for the reactants and predict the products (with coefficients and formulas) for the following double replacement reaction: _MgS+_CaSO4>_Product1+_Product2
Coefficient for MgS:
Coefficient for CaSO4:
Product 1:
Product 2:
Answers
let's see, oh I get it let me give you a hint. You need to do something with _Mgs+_ and _CaSO4>_ in order to get product 1 and product 2
Which statement is accurate about variations?
Organisms with variations that give an advantage are more likely to survive
Organisms with variations are less likely to pass these variations to their offspring
In all cases vanations become more common in a population
In all cases variations affect how likely it is that an organism reproduces
Answers
Answer:
A,C,D
Explanation:
Variations effect the likelyhood of survival for a organism, it can give off an advantage or disadvantage.
Brainliest? pls
during this reaction , how many nolecules of annonia (NH3) are producted
Answers
c. Which substance has a density of 7.87 g/cm3?
Answers
Chemistry Help Please! Worth a lot of points!
1. Joseph Priestly was the first scientist to be able to prepare pure oxygen gas. He did this by heating mercuric oxide as shown in the reaction below. Answer the question related to the reaction.
2HgO(s) = 2Hg(l) + O2(g)
a.What volume of oxygen gas would be produced at STP through the decomposition of 5.36 grams of HgO? It is not collected over water!
b. What volume of oxygen gas would be produced at 23o and 0.975 atm by the decomposition of 5.36 grams of HgO?
c. What volume of oxygen gas would be collected over water at 23oC and 0.975 atm by the decomposition of 5.36 grams of HgO?
2. How many grams of water will form through the reaction of 550 mL of 2.5 M HCl and an excess amount of Ca(OH)2?
Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq) = CaCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
a. How many grams of calcium chloride will form if 250 mL of 2.0 M Ca(OH)2 reacts with 350 mL of 2.5 M HCl? Make sure to determine the limiting reagent!
3. Sam conducted an experiment where he reacted 5.0 grams of magnesium with an excess amount of oxygen gas to form magnesium oxide (MgO). When he conducted this in the lab, he obtained 8.06 grams of magnesium oxide.
a. Write and balance the chemical reaction.
b. Use stoichiometry to predict how many grams of magnesium oxide should form.
c. What is the theoretical yield?
d. What is the actual yield?
e. Calculate the percent yield.
4. Na(s) + Br2(L) = NaBr(s) (not balanced)
b.If 3.05 grams of sodium react with 10.0 grams of diatomic bromine, what is the excess reagent AND how many moles of excess reagent are present after the reaction?
c. How many grams of sodium bromide are formed?
Answers
Answer:
A.
1. a. 11.28L O2
b. 24.3L O2
c. 19.83L O2
2. a. 5.6 grams CaCl2
3. a. 2Mg + O2 = 2MgO
b. 8.06 grams MgO
c. 8.06 grams MgO
d. 8.06 grams MgO
e. 100%
4. a. 2Na + Br2 = 2NaBr
b. Excess reagent: Bromine; 0.5 moles
c. 10.6 grams NaBr
Which electrically neutral atom will have an electron configuration of 1822s22p4? Use a periodic table.
Answers
Electrically neutral atom oxygen will have an electron configuration of 1822s22p4.
In a neutral oxygen molecule, there are too 8 electrons. The electron setup 1s22s22p4 contains an add up to 8 electrons. Since it was demonstrated that this can be the electron setup of an impartial molecule, it must be oxygen.
Oxygen's nuclear number is 8, meaning that it has 8 protons within the cores of its particles. In a neutral oxygen molecule, there are too 8 electrons.
In nuclear material science and quantum chemistry, the electron setup is the distribution of electrons of a particle or atom in nuclear or atomic orbitals.
The external electrons have the most elevated vitality of the electrons in a particle and are more effectively misplaced or shared than the center electrons.
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Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
Which electrically neutral atom will have an electron configuration 1s22s22p4 that has a total of 8 electrons in it?
A beam of x-ray of wavelength 0.071 nm is diffracted by (110) plane of rock salt with lattice constant (a) 0.28nm. find the glancing angle for the second order diffraction
Answers
The glancing angle for the second order diffraction of X-rays with a wavelength of 0.071 nm diffracted by the (110) plane of rock salt with a lattice constant of 0.28 nm can be calculated using Bragg's law:
2d sinθ = nλ
where d is the interplanar spacing of the (110) plane, n is the order of the diffraction, λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, and θ is the glancing angle.
For the second order diffraction (n = 2), we have:
2d sinθ = 2λ
The interplanar spacing of the (110) plane can be calculated using the formula:
d = a/√(h^2 + k^2 + l^2)
where a is the lattice constant, and h, k, and l are the Miller indices of the (110) plane. For rock salt, h = 1, k = 1, and l = 0 for the (110) plane.
Substituting the values given in the problem, we get:
d = 0.28 nm / √(1^2 + 1^2 + 0^2) = 0.14 nm
Substituting the values for d, n, and λ, we get:
2(0.14 nm) sinθ = 2(0.071 nm)
Simplifying, we get:
sinθ = 0.51
Taking the inverse sine, we get:
θ = 30.2 degrees
Therefore, the glancing angle for the second order diffraction is approximately 30.2 degrees.
What is the source of energy in nuclear power plants?
help asap!!!
Answers
The source of energy in nuclear power plants is optionD. Fission.
The source of energy in nuclear power plants is nuclear fission. Nuclear fission is the process in which the nucleus of an atom, typically a heavy element like uranium or plutonium, is split into two smaller nuclei, releasing a significant amount of energy in the process. This energy is harnessed to generate heat, which is then used to produce steam and drive turbines connected to generators, ultimately generating electricity.
In a nuclear power plant, controlled fission reactions occur in the reactor core, where nuclear fuel, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, is used as the fuel source. When these fuel nuclei undergo fission, they release high amounts of energy in the form of heat and also emit additional neutrons, which can sustain a chain reaction if properly controlled.
It's important to note that fusion (option A) is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, which also releases a substantial amount of energy. However, fusion reactions have not yet been fully developed for practical energy generation in power plants.
Alpha decay (option B) is a type of radioactive decay where an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle. Combustion (option C) refers to the process of burning a fuel in the presence of oxygen, which is not the mechanism utilized in nuclear power plants.The correct answer is d.
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I need help figuring it out the answers were wrong I put in
Answers
What is true regarding compounds?
they are made from two or more atoms of the same element
they are made from the chemical combination of one particular element
they are substances which result from two or more distinct kinds of atoms
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
A compound is a substance made up of two or more distinct elements that are chemically linked to one another in chemistry. These components mix in predetermined ratios to produce a special set of attributes that are distinct from those of the individual components. Chemical reactions such as combination, breakdown, or exchange reactions can all result in the formation of compounds. Water (H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO2) are a few examples of compounds. Chemistry is based on the understanding of the composition and behavior of compounds, which is essential for many applications in science and technology.
All three statements are true:
A compound can be formed by two or more atoms of the same element. (ex - NaCl)A compound can be formed by a chemical combination of one particular element. (ex - FeS)A compound can be formed by a reaction between two or more distinct kinds of atoms. (ex - \(P_{4}\))How much heat is needed to warm 250 g of water from 22 °C to 98 °C? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g K?
Answers
Answer: 79420J or 79.420 Kj
Explanation:
q=mc(t2-t1)
250g x 4.18J/g K x (98C-22C)= 79420J
Convert 100.6 Kelvin to degrees C.
°C = K - 273
[?] °C
Answers
Answer:
-172.6 °C
Explanation:
You want to know the Celsius equivalent of the temperature 100.6 K.
ConversionThe relation is ...
C = K - 273.15
C = 100.6 -273.15 = -172.55
The temperature is -172.55 °C, about -172.6 °C.
__
Additional comment
We have rounded to tenths, because that is precision of the temperature given. If you use 273 as the conversion constant, you will get -172.4.
Kaya is riding her dirt bike eastward on a dirt road. She spots a pothole ahead. Kaya slows from 20.0 m/s to 6 m/s in 6.0 s. What is her acceleration?
Answers
\(\\ \sf\longmapsto Acceleration=\dfrac{v-u}{t}\)
\(\\ \sf\longmapsto Acceleration=\dfrac{6-20}{6}\)
\(\\ \sf\longmapsto Acceleration=\dfrac{-14}{6}\)
\(\\ \sf\longmapsto Acceleration=-2.3m/s^2\)
Select the correct structure thatcorresponds to the name.3,4,6-triethyl-2,5-dimethyloctaneA.B.CH3 CH2CH3 CH2CH3TCH3CHCHCHCHCH2CHCH3CH3CH2CH3
Answers
Answer:
\(C\)Explanation:
Here, we want to get the structure that corresponds to the name
To get this, we have to look at the given organic compound
We have that as:
Looking at the second option, it is correct. We can get this by looking at the position ofthe side chanins and the carbon atom on which they are
Now, let us take a look at the first option. This is correct also as the side chains are on the given carbon atomsh
Nitrogen monoxide reacts with chlorine at high temperature according to the equation, 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g) → 2 NOCl(g) In a certain reaction mixture the rate of formation of NOCl(g) was found to be 4.50 x 10‑4 mol L‑1 s‑1. What is the rate of consumption of NO(g)?
Answers
Answer:
4.50 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ s⁻¹
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced equation
2 NO(g) + Cl₂(g) → 2 NOCl(g)
Step 2: Establish the appropriate molar ratio
The molar ratio of NO(g) to NOCl(g) is 2:2, that is, when 2 moles of NO(g) are consumed, 2 moles of NOCl(g) are formed.
Step 3: Calculate the rate of consumption of NO(g)
The rate of formation of NOCl(g) is 4.50 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ s⁻¹. The rate of consumption of NO(g) is:
\(\frac{4.50 \times 10^{-4}molNOCl}{L.s} \times \frac{2molNO}{2molNOCl} = \frac{4.50 \times 10^{-4}molNO}{L.s}\)
3. A Wilkinson’s catalyst is widely used in the hydrogenation of alkenes. Show a catalytic cycle, including: i. chemical structure of the catalyst, with complete stereochemistry ii. molecular geometry of catalyst iii. type of reactions involved iv. the appropriate starting material, reagent and solvent v. major and minor end-products vi. all intermediates, for each reaction stated in (iii)
Answers
We can see here that the catalytic cycle for the hydrogenation of alkenes using Wilkinson's catalyst involves several steps.
What are the steps involved?Here's an overview of the catalytic cycle, including the necessary details:
i. Chemical structure of the catalyst:
Wilkinson's catalyst, also known as chloridotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I), has the following chemical structure: [RhCl(PPh3)3]
ii. Molecular geometry of the catalyst:
The Wilkinson's catalyst has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry around the rhodium center. The three triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands occupy equatorial positions, while the chloride (Cl) ligand occupies an axial position.
iii. Type of reactions involved:
The catalytic cycle involves several reactions, including:
Oxidative addition: The rhodium center undergoes oxidative addition, reacting with molecular hydrogen (H2) to form a dihydride intermediate.Alkene coordination: The alkene substrate coordinates to the rhodium center, forming a π-complex.Hydrogenation: The coordinated alkene undergoes hydrogenation, resulting in the addition of hydrogen atoms to the double bond and formation of a metal-alkyl intermediate.Reoxidation: The metal-alkyl intermediate reacts with a hydrogen molecule to regenerate the rhodium dihydride species.iv. Starting material, reagent, and solvent:
The starting material is an alkene, and the reagent is Wilkinson's catalyst ([RhCl(PPh3)3]). The reaction is typically carried out in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) or tetrahydrofuran (THF).
v. Major and minor end-products:
The major end-product of the hydrogenation reaction is the fully saturated alkane, resulting from the addition of hydrogen across the double bond. The minor end-product may include cis- or trans-configured alkanes if the original alkene substrate possesses geometric isomers.
vi. Intermediates:
The intermediates in the catalytic cycle include:
Rhodium dihydride complex: [RhH2(PPh3)3]Alkene-Rhodium π-complex: [Rh(η2-alkene)(PPh3)3]Metal-alkyl intermediate: [Rh(alkyl)(PPh3)3]These intermediates play a crucial role in facilitating the hydrogenation reaction and enabling the catalytic cycle to proceed.
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PLEASE ANSWER QUICKLY!!!!
2KI (aq) + Cl₂(g) → 2KCl(aq) + 1₂(g)
What volume of 12 gas forms when
21 L Cl2 react at STP?
[?] L 12
Answers
The volume of 12 gas forms when 21 L Cl2 react at STP is 21 L.
To determine the volume of 12 gas (I assume you mean I2 gas) formed when 21 L of Cl2 reacts at STP (standard temperature and pressure), we need to use the ideal gas law equation.
The ideal gas law equation is given by:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = pressure
V = volume
n = number of moles
R = ideal gas constant
T = temperature
At STP, the pressure is 1 atm, and the temperature is 273.15 K.
From the balanced equation, we can see that the molar ratio between Cl2 and I2 is 1:1. So, if 21 L of Cl2 reacts, it will produce an equal volume of I2 gas.
Given that the volume of Cl2 is 21 L, we can assume the volume of I2 gas formed will also be 21 L.
Therefore, the volume of I2 gas formed is 21 L.
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The chemical reaction between iron and oxygen that produces rust is exothermic. One possible application of this exothermic reaction is to _____. A create portable hand-warmers B create rusty fenders for a car C create cooling headbands D create non-rusting machines
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The exothermic reaction between iron and oxygen that produces rust can generate heat, which can be utilized to create portable hand-warmers. By using a chemical reaction that produces rust, heat can be released, which can then be harnessed and packaged into a small, portable device that can be used to warm hands during cold weather. This is a common application of the exothermic reaction between iron and oxygen, and can be found in many commercially available hand-warmers.
The other options listed in the question are not relevant to the exothermic reaction between iron and oxygen that produces rust. Creating rusty fenders for a car is not a desirable outcome, as it would result in unsightly and potentially damaging rust on the car's exterior. Creating cooling headbands is not related to the exothermic reaction between iron and oxygen that produces rust. Creating non-rusting machines is also not related to this reaction, as the reaction specifically produces rust as a byproduct.
1. What is the composition
of Ca(No2)2
Answers
Answer:
1 Calcium, 2 Nitrogen, and 4 oxygen
Explanation:
there is no number before of after Ca(calcium), so there is only 1. No(nitrogen) has no number next to it so there would be only 1 of it,but there is a 2 after the parenthesis so there is 2 nitrogen (2*1=2). O(oxygen) has a two next to it so there would be only 2 oxygen, but there is a two after the parenthesis so instead there are 4 oxygen because 2*2=4. Hope this helped you <3
Why does it mean by methane molecule is symmetrical?
Answers
A methane molecule (CH4) is considered symmetrical because it possesses a symmetric structure and exhibits symmetry operations.
Symmetry refers to a balanced arrangement of elements that can be divided into equal parts by a plane, axis, or center. In the case of methane, it exhibits several symmetrical characteristics.
Firstly, methane has a tetrahedral molecular geometry, with the carbon atom at the center and four hydrogen atoms positioned around it. This geometry ensures that the molecule is symmetrical in terms of its spatial arrangement.
Each hydrogen atom is located at one of the vertices of the tetrahedron, forming equal angles and distances with respect to the central carbon atom. This symmetry is maintained regardless of the orientation of the molecule.
Additionally, methane possesses rotational symmetry. It can be rotated around any of the carbon-hydrogen bonds, and the molecule will retain its overall appearance.
The symmetry of methane arises from its molecular structure and the equal distribution of electron density around the central carbon atom. The four hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon through sigma bonds, which have a cylindrical symmetry. This balanced arrangement of the atoms contributes to the overall symmetry of the molecule.
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What is the weight of 12.0 moles of water?
Answers
Answer:
216g H2O
Explanation:
H = 1
O = 16
H= 2 × 1 = 2
O= 1 × 16 = 16
16 + 2= 18g/mol
18g H2O = 1 mol
X g H2O = 12 mol
X × 1 = 18 × 12
X = 216 g/mol
The weight of 12.0 moles of water is determined as 216 g.
What is the weight of the water?The weight of water is determined from the molecular weight of water. The molecular weight of water is given 18 g/mol.
The weight of 12 moles of water is calculated as follows;.
W = nM
W = 12mole x 18 g/mol
W = 216 g
Thus, the weight of 12.0 moles of water is determined as 216 g.
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People living in some countries have a difficult time obtaining foods that are high in vitamin A. Which advantage of genetic technologies would these people most benefit from? O higher tolerance of crops to temperature changes O decreased crop resistance to disease O lowered cost of food production O increased nutritional value of crops hurry up asap
Answers
Answer:
the answer i believe is increased nutritional value of crops
Explanation:
Answer: increased nutritional value of crops
Explanation:) edge 2022
24. which is the correct iupac name for the following
Answers
24. The IUPAC name of the compound is 2,4-dimethyl-1-pentanal (Option B)
25. The IUPAC name of the compound is 5-methyl-3-octanone (Option C)
How do I obtain the IUPAC name?The international union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC) standard for naming organic compounds is given below:
Locate the longest continuous carbon chain.Identify the functional group. Identify the substituent groups attached to the compound.Give the substituents groups the lowest count by considering the functional group.Combine the above to get the name of the compound.24. The name of the compound is given as follow:
The longest continuous carbon chain is 5 i.e pentaneThe functional group is alkanal (aldehyde). Thus, the parent name will be pentanalThe substituent group attached is methylThere are two methyl groups located at carbon 2, and 4Thus, the IUPAC name of the compound is:
2,4-dimethyl-1-pentanal (Option B)
25. The name of the compound is given as follow:
The longest continuous carbon chain is 8 i.e octaneThe functional group is alkanone (ketone). Thus, the parent name will be octanoneThe substituent group attached is methyl and it is located at carbon 5Thus, the IUPAC name of the compound is:
5-methyl-3-octanone (Option C)
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What is the mass (in grams) of 11.50 L of propane vapor (C₂H₂) at
STP? R=0.08314 L-bar/mol-K.
Answers
The mass in grams of 23.0 L of propane vapor at STP is 22.968 g.
How do you explain mole concept ?The definition of a mole is a measure of material quantity. It is a unit of measurement used to determine how many elementary particles make up a specific material.It has a precise definition of 6.022 1023 elementary entities. Depending on the kind of substance, the elementary unit may be a molecule, atom, or ion. Avogadro's number is the quantity of elementary particles in a mole.As a good method of expressing the quantities of reactants and products, it is commonly used in chemistry.For all intents and purposes, the mass of one mole of a substance measured in grams and daltons is roughly same.The units for molar mass are grams per mole. For molecules, the atomic mass is equal to the molar mass, or weight, in grams that each mole of atoms contains.Given data :
No of moles=23/44=0.522 molesNo of moles in 44 liter = 0.522 moles.So the mass of 23 L of propane is 44×0.522 = 22.968 g.
Therefore, 23 liters of propane contain 22.968 g of propane at STP.
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Use the ball and stick models above. If you had a gram of water and a gram of
oxygen, which substance would you have more particles of? Why? (Right or Wrong)
Answers
Answer:
When the weather is nice, many people begin to work on their yards and homes. For many projects, sand is needed as a foundation for a walk or to add to other materials. You could order up twenty million grains of sand and have people really stare at you. You could order by the pound, but that takes a lot of time weighing out. The best bet is to order by the yard, meaning a cubic yard. The loader can easily scoop up what you need and put it directly in your truck.
Avogadro’s Number
It certainly is easy to count bananas or to count elephants (as long as you stay out of their way). However, you would be counting grains of sugar from your sugar canister for a long, long time. Atoms and molecules are extremely small – far, far smaller than grains of sugar. Counting atoms or molecules is not only unwise, it is absolutely impossible. One drop of water contains about 10 22 molecules of water. If you counted 10 molecules every second for 50 years without stopping you would have counted only 1.6 × 10 10 molecules. Put another way, at that counting rate, it would take you over 30 trillion years to count the water molecules in one tiny drop.
Explanation:
Zn+2HCl -> ZnCl2+H2At 25oC, which 5.0g Zn sample will react fastest with dilute HCl? A) bar B) lump C) powdered D) sheet metal
Answers
The reaction rate can be affected by factors such as the physical estate of reactants, temperature, or surface area.
Powdered Zn has more area exposed.
Which statement is true about space technology? (1 point)
a
It has made air travel safer because photopolarimeters are used to send signals while flying at high altitudes.
b
It has made road vehicles safer because magnetometers are used to detect particles found in radiation emitted during combustion of fuel.
c
It has impacted air quality because magnetometers are used to detect particles found in radiation emitted during combustion of fuel.
d
It has impacted medical science because the infrared thermometers used on Earth were originally designed to measure the temperature on Mars.
Answers
The fact that the infrared thermometers used in medical research were first intended to detect the temperature on Mars has had an impact on that field of study.
What exactly is the idea behind space technology?Technology for use in outer space, in aviation or other operations outside of Earth's atmosphere, for things like spaceflight, space exploration, and Earth observation, is referred to as space technology.
What function does space technology serve?By enabling high-speed data transport with the development of the internet, enabling research of global natural phenomena, and enabling environmental monitoring, space technology started to be employed for telecommunications and the environment.
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Milk of magnesia, which is an aqueous suspension of magnesium hydroxide, is used as an antacid in the reaction below. How many molecules of HCl would have to be present to form 34.52 g of MgCl₂?
Mg(OH)₂(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → 2 H₂O(l) + MgCl₂(aq)
Answers
Approximately 4.37 x 10^23 molecules of HCl would be required to form 34.52 g of MgCl₂.
To determine the number of molecules of HCl required to form 34.52 g of MgCl₂, we need to use the molar mass and stoichiometry of the balanced equation:
Mg(OH)₂(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → 2 H₂O(l) + MgCl₂(aq)
The molar mass of MgCl₂ is 95.21 g/mol.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of MgCl₂ formed:
Moles of MgCl₂ = mass of MgCl₂ / molar mass of MgCl₂
Moles of MgCl₂ = 34.52 g / 95.21 g/mol
Moles of MgCl₂ = 0.363 mol
According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio between HCl and MgCl₂ is 2:1. Therefore, the moles of HCl required can be calculated as follows:
Moles of HCl = 2 * Moles of MgCl₂
Moles of HCl = 2 * 0.363 mol
Moles of HCl = 0.726 mol
To calculate the number of molecules, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol.
Number of molecules of HCl = Moles of HCl * Avogadro's number
Number of molecules of HCl = 0.726 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol
Number of molecules of HCl = 4.37 x 10^23 molecules
Therefore, approximately 4.37 x 10^23 molecules of HCl would be required to form 34.52 g of MgCl₂.
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Suppose that scientists have discovered three new elements. All three elements are in the same group on the periodic table. The other known properties of the elements are given in the table.
Element symbol Atomic mass Physical state Boiling point
Xo 47 amu gas 215∘C
A 27 amu gas 350∘C
Zw 98 amu liquid 285∘C
The best order for the elements within the group, starting from the top and working down is ______ (Choices: Xo, Zw, A / A, Xo, Zw / Xo, A, Zw) because of the trend in the _______________. (Choices: Alphabetical order, boiling point, or atomic masses)
Answers
Due to the trend of boiling points, the optimal order for elements within a group going from top to bottom is \(A, X_o, Z_w\).
From the given information we can see that the boiling points of the elements decrease from A to Xo to Zw. The highest boiling point (350°C) is of element A, followed by Xo (215°C) and Zw (285°C). We arrange the components in decreasing order of boiling points to get A, Xo and Zw.
It is important to remember that in this situation, the alphabetical order of the elements and their atomic weights are irrelevant considerations. A reasonable basis for arranging the components within the system is provided by the trend in boiling points.
Learn more about boiling points, here:
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