CaCl₂ has lowest freezing point as it has higher "im" value.
What is freezing point?A solution's freezing point is lower than that of the pure solvent's. It follows that freezing cannot happen until a solution is lowered to a temperature lower than the pure solvent.
As we know more "im" value lowest is the freezing point.
Here,
m = molarity
i = van't Hoff factor = 1 + (n-1) α
α = degree of ionization
n = number of ions.
A. 0.25 MOL /LITER SUCROSE = 0.25 M SUCROSE
m = 0.25 M
Sucrose is non-electrolyte, so α = 0
or, i = 1 + (n-1) × 0
or, i = 1
So, im = 1 × 0.25 M
im = 0.25 M
B. 0.15 MOL/L CaCl₂ = 0.15 M CaCl₂
m = 0.15 M
CaCl₂ → Ca⁺² + 2Cl⁻
no. of ions (n) = 3
CaCl₂ is electrolyte, so α = 1
Thus, i = 1 + (3-1) × 1
or, i = 3
So, im = 3 × 0.15 M
or, im = 0.45 M
C. 0.15 MOL/L NaCl = 0.15 M NaCl
m = 0.15 M
NaCl → Na⁺ + Cl⁻
no. of ions = 2
NaCl is electrolyte, so α = 1
Thus, i = 1 + (2-1) × 1
or, i = 2
So, im = 2 × 0.15 M
or, im = 0.30 M
D. 0.2 MOL/L NaNO₃ = 0.2 M NaNO₃
m = 0.2 M
NaNO₃ → Na⁺ + NO₃⁻
no. of ions = 2
NaNO₃ is electrolyte, so α = 1
Thus, i = 1 + (2-1) × 1
or, i = 2
So, im = 2 × 0.2 M
or, im = 0.40 M
Among these four aqueous solution, CaCl₂ has higher "im" value thus it has lowest freezing point.
Correct option: B
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Someone please help me with this
Answer:
I think A should be the answer because oxygen is the chemical change of carbon.
which gas is fossil fuel
Answer:
methane
Explanation: methane is obtained from the decaying of flora and fauna mostlyunder damp
Perform each conversion from one metric unit of volume to another.
8.23 mL to dL =
0.0647 cL to nL =
According to unit conversion, conversion of metric units is 8.23 ml= 0.0823 dl and 0.0647 cl= 0.064×10⁷ nl.
What is unit conversion?Unit conversion is defined as a multi-step process which involves multiplication or a division operation by a numerical factor.The process of unit conversion requires selection of appropriate number of significant figures and the rounding off procedure.
It involves a conversion factor which is an expression for expressing the relationship between the two units.A conversion ratio always has value which equals to one which indicates that numerator and denominator have values which are expressed in different units.
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. What pressure will be exerted by 0.7 mol of a gas at 23 C when contained in a vessel whose volume is 1.1 L?
15.46atm
Explanations:According to the ideal gas equation;
\(PV=nRT\)where:
• P is the ,pressure ,of the gas
,• V is the volume of the gas = 1.1L
,• n is the number of moles = 0.7mol
,• R is the ,Gas constant, = 0.08206Latm/molK
,• T is the temperature = 23 + 273 = 296K
Substitute the given parameters into the formula
\(\begin{gathered} P=\frac{nRT}{V} \\ P=\frac{0.7\times0.08206\times296}{1.1} \\ P=\frac{17.0028}{1.1} \\ P=15.46atm \end{gathered}\)Hence the pressure of the gas that will be exerted is 15.46atm
Mass of Cups & Water 142,99 g Mass of Cups 6.76 g. what is the mass of just water?
Answer:
The mass of water is 14292.24 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of cups and water = 142,99 g
Mass of cups = 6.76 g
Mass of water = ?
Solution:
Mass of cups + water = mass of cups + mass of water
Now we will rearrange the formula
mass of water = (Mass of cups + water) - mass of cups
Now we will put the values.
mass of water = 142,99 g + 6.76 g
mass of water = 14292.24 g
Thus mass of water is 14292.24 g.
Styrofoam has a density of 0.075 g/mL. What is the volume of 21.80 g of Styrofoam?
The answer is 290.66 mL
Explanation:
The density of any substance including styrofoam is determined by two main factors: mass (atoms in the substance) and volume (space occupied). Moreover, the volume or mass of the substance can be calculated by using the density as these variables are related. Below I show the process:
density = mass / volume
mass = density x volume
volume = mass / density
volume = 21.80 g / 0.075 g/mL
volume = 290.66 mL
Choose the pair of names and formulas that do NOT match.A) copper(I) nitrate: CuNO3B) copper(II) nitrate: Cu(NO3)2C) all of these are correctD) copper(II) nitride: Cu3N2
ANSWER
option C
EXPLANATION
The compounds have the correct corresponding name and hence, the correct answer is option C
What is the pressure in a 19.1 L cylinder filled with 0.684 mol of nitrogen gas at a temperature of 326 K ?
Answer:
The hydrogen sample has a pressure of 0.957 atmospheres.
Explanation:
Let consider that the hydrogen sample behaves ideally, the equation of state for ideal gases is:
\(P\cdot V = n\cdot R_{u}\cdot T\) (1)
Where:
\(P\) - Pressure, in atmospheres.
\(V\) - Volume, in liters.
\(n\) - Molar quantity, in moles.
\(T\) - Temperature, in Kelvin.
\(R_{u}\) - Ideal gas constant, in atmosphere-liters per mole-Kelvin.
If we know that \(V = 19.1\,L\), \(n = 0.684\,mol\), \(T = 326\,K\) and \(R_{u} = 0.082\,\frac{atm\cdot L}{mol\cdot K}\), then the pressure of the hydrogen sample is:
\(P = \frac{n\cdot R_{u}\cdot T}{V}\)
\(P = \frac{(0.684\,mol)\cdot \left(0.082\,\frac{atm\cdot L}{mol\cdot K} \right)\cdot (326\,K)}{19.1\,L}\)
\(P = 0.957\,atm\)
The hydrogen sample has a pressure of 0.957 atmospheres.
Which one of the following is not a valid value for the magnetic quantum number (ml) of an electron in a 5d subshell?A. 0B. -1C. 3D. 2
3 is not a valid value for the magnetic quantum number (ml) of an electron in a 5d subshell.
What is Quantum number?Quantum number is a mathematical concept used to describe the state of a quantum mechanical system, such as an electron in an atom. It is a numerical representation of the energy, angular momentum, and other properties that describe a quantum system. Quantum numbers are used to identify individual particles and to determine which energy levels of the system are available to the particle. They are essential for understanding the structure and behavior of atoms and molecules.
The magnetic quantum number (ml) describes the orbital angular momentum of an electron, and it has a maximum value of ml = l = 2 for the 5d subshell. Therefore, the only valid values for ml in a 5d subshell are -2, -1, 0, 1, and 2, so C. 3 is not a valid value.
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For Hydrogen bonding H atom needs to be bonded to which other atoms?
CHEM FINAL TOMORROW, NEED IMMEDIATE HELP!!! There are a few topics I don't understand, if someone could give a short explanation of how to do these kinds of problems, it would help so much. I'll be posting a few more of these on my page, so feel free to check those out if you would like. Thanks!
The mass of \(O_2\) needed to produce 8.65 x \(10^{23\) atoms of silver is 22.96 grams.
Stoichiometric calculationIn the given balanced equation, it is stated that 2 moles of \(Ag_2O\) produce 4 moles of Ag and 1 mole of \(O_2\).
First, let's calculate the number of moles of Ag:
8.65 x \(10^{23\) atoms of Ag / (6.022 x \(10^{23\) atoms/mol) = 1.435 moles of Ag
Since 2 moles of \(Ag_2O\) produce 1 mole of \(O_2\), the number of moles of \(O_2\) needed is half of the moles of \(Ag_2O\).
Number of moles of \(O_2\)= 1.435 moles of \(Ag_2O\) / 2 = 0.7175 moles
Now, we'll use the molar mass of \(O_2\) to find the mass:
Molar mass = 32.00 g/mol
Mass of \(O_2\) = number of moles × molar mass
= 0.7175 moles × 32.00 g/mol = 22.96 g
Therefore, the mass of \(O_2\) needed to produce 8.65 x \(10^{23\) atoms of silver is 22.96 grams.
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A student reads that sodium atoms (Na) react with chlorine (Cl2) molecules to form the compound sodium chloride (NaCl). Which model should the student make to satisfy the Law of Conservation of Matter for the formation of sodium chloride, in simplest form?
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Law of Conservation of Matter for the formation of sodium chloride, in simplest form would be obeyed when 2 moles of sodium react with 1 ,mole of chlorine to form 2 moles of sodium chloride.
What is law of conservation of matter?According to law of conservation of matter, it is evident that matter is neither created nor destroyed rather it is restored at the end of a chemical reaction .
Law of conservation of matter and energy are related as matter has mass and mass and energy are directly proportional which is indicated by the equation E=mc².Concept of conservation of matter is widely used in field of chemistry, fluid dynamics.
Law needs to be modified in accordance with laws of quantum mechanics under the principle of mass and energy equivalence.This law was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier in the year 1789.
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How many molecules are there in 0.75 mol NH3
There are 4.5165 × 10²³ molecules are there in 0.75 mol NH₃.
A molecule is a set of or more atoms held together by means of attractive forces referred to as chemical bonds; depending on the context, the term may additionally or won't encompass ions that satisfy this criterion.
1 mole of NH₃ = 6.022 × 10²³
0.75 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ × 0.75 molecule
= 4.5165 × 10²³ molecules.
A molecule is defined as the smallest unit of a compound that consists of the chemical properties of the compound. Molecules are made of agencies of atoms. Describing the shape of an atom, an atom is also subdivided into smaller devices. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are sub-debris of an atom. The smallest particle of a substance has all of the bodily and chemical homes of that substance. Molecules are made up of 1 or extra atoms.
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how is it possible to have two ionic solids made of 1/-1 ions, yt the compounds have different crystal lattice energies
The crystal lattice energy depends not only on the charge of the ions but also on the distance between the ions and the arrangement of the ions in the crystal structure.
Therefore, two ionic solids made of 1/-1 ions can have different crystal lattice energies if the ions have different sizes or if the arrangement of the ions in the crystal is different. A crystal lattice is a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystal that forms a regular repeating pattern. It is a fundamental concept in solid-state physics and chemistry, and understanding the crystal lattice structure of a material is essential for predicting its properties and behavior. The crystal lattice is described by its unit cell, which is the smallest repeating unit of the lattice that can be used to build the entire crystal structure. The crystal lattice energy is the amount of energy required to break the lattice and is influenced by the size and charge of the ions, as well as the arrangement of the ions in the crystal structure. The crystal lattice can also affect the physical properties of a material, such as its melting point, solubility, and conductivity.
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The volume of a block of wood is 16 cm3. What is the volume in cubic meters?
The volume in cubic meters is 4096m.
To calculate the volume or volume of an object or room in cubic feet measure the length, width, and height in feet and multiply length x width x height. The volume of an object is the amount of space it fills. Large capacity is measured in cubic meters m3. Smaller volumes are measured in cubic centimeters cm3 or cubic millimeters mm3.
Board foot is the most commonly used standard in lumber and lumber. One foot of board is equivalent to 144 cubic inches of lumber, or a board 1 inch thick, 12 inches wide, and 1 foot long. The second unit of measure is code. The volume of a box can be calculated as length x width x height. Taking a single-layer box as an example 102 x 102 x 102 is equivalent to 1,061,208 cubic millimeters. In metric units, volume is usually expressed in millimeters and liters.
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Please I need help thank you
Answer:
its sodium hydroxide
Explanation:
100 Points! Chemistry question. Photo attached. Please show as much work as possible. Thank you!
Explanation:
The correct formula for calcium fluoride is CaF2 (with two fluoride ions per calcium ion). Therefore, 2.25 moles of CaF2 contains:
- 2.25 moles of Ca2+ ions (since there is one calcium ion for every molecule of CaF2)
- 2 x 2.25 = 4.50 moles of F- ions (since there are two fluoride ions for every molecule of CaF2)
So, in total, 2.25 moles of CaF2 contains 2.25 moles of Ca2+ ions and 4.50 moles of F- ions.
a. When 25.4 and 40.433 are added, the answer should be based on how significant figures or decimal
Answer:
65.8 and it is shown considering the significant figures of the shortest number.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, when we add 25.4 and 40.433 the result is 65.833, nevertheless, the result is shown based on the initial number having the fewest amount of significant figures that in this case is 25.4 that has three, therefore, the result must be 65.8 and it is shown considering the significant figures of the shortest.
Regards.
Convection refers to the movement of heat through a fluid, such as water. Which best describes one way that convection
influences the circulation of ocean water?
Cold water at the surface flows toward the poles and sinks as it cools.
Deep, warm water flows toward the equator and rises as it cools.
Warm water at the surface flows toward the poles and sinks as it cools.
Deep, cold water flows toward the equator and rises as it cools,
help me please
Answer:
the second answer where it says deep warm water flows, etc.
Explanation:
i hope that helps you
Answer:
C) Warm water at the surface flows toward the poles and sinks as it cools.
Explanation:
have a nice day.
The Lewis Dot Structure rule states that
S=N-A.
Recall that S represents the TOTAL
number of valence electrons needed for
all the atoms in a molecule to achieve an
octet.
What is S for silicon tetrachloride, SICI4?
Answer:
S= 32, or the total number of valence electrons for silicon tetrachloride
Explanation:
I drew the lewis dot structure to solve this
The total number of valence electrons for silicon tetrachloride is 32. There are 4 valence electrons in Si and valence electrons for each Cl atom.
What is Lewis dot structure?Lewis dot structure of an element or compound represents the valence electrons, bonded electrons and unpaired electrons as dots around each atom. Thus, it must satisfy the rule of octet.
According to rule of octet the atoms lose or gain electrons or share electrons in order to make octet in valence shell and leads to stability. The number of electrons shared/ lost or gained depends on the number of valence electrons.
Si is 14th element. It contains 4 valence electrons. Cl is 17th element and contains 7 valence electrons. Therefore there are 28 valence electrons for 4 Cl atoms and with the 4 electrons from Si there are a total of 32 valence electrons in silicon tetrachloride.
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Question 5 of 30
Which best describes a gamma ray that is given off during nuclear decay?
A. High-energy electromagnetic waves
B. A stream of small, positively charged particles
C. Low-energy electromagnetic waves
D. A stream of small, negatively charged particles
Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves given off during nuclear decay; option A.
What are electromagnetic waves?Electromagnetic waves are waves which are produced as a result of the interaction of the magnetic and electric fields.
Types of electromagnetic waves include gamma rays, radio waves, ultraviolet waves.
Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves given off during nuclear decay
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The image "Sodium Chloride, Water, Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen Peroxide" illustrates the chemical
structure of water, which is a(n):
H
Water, H₂O
Sodium chloride, NaCl
H
Carbon dioxide, CO₂ Hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂
Oelemental molecule.
O compound molecule.
atom.
state of matter.
The image features a molecular diagram of each of these substances, with the molecules displayed in a 3D structure. The diagram shows the chemical bonds that link the atoms of the molecules together.
Relative reactivity of moleculeThe reactivity of each molecule depends on the type of reaction being carried out and the functional groups present on each molecule. Generally, molecules with more electronegative or polar functional groups are more reactive than those without.
For example, molecules with carbonyl, amine, or hydroxyl groups tend to be more reactive than those without. Additionally, molecules with strained bonds, such as cyclic compounds, tend to be more reactive than linear molecules.
Additionally, molecules of higher molecular weight tend to be less reactive than those of lower molecular weight. Finally, the presence of electron-withdrawing groups, such as nitro or halogens, can increase the reactivity of a molecule.
In summary, the reactivity of a molecule is determined by a variety of factors, including the type of reaction, the functional groups present, the strain of the molecule, the molecular weight, and the presence of electron-withdrawing groups.
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100 points plus brain list
Multi-select: Select each statement that is true about unstable isotopes. They are radioactive. They have too many electrons. They have an imbalance between protons and neutrons. They give off nucleons to become more stable. They may decompose.
Answer:
The statements that are true about unstable isotopes are:
They are radioactive.
They have an imbalance between protons and neutrons.
They may decompose.
Explanation:
An isotope is an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element but a different number of neutrons. Some isotopes are stable, meaning they do not undergo any changes over time, while others are unstable or radioactive.
Unstable isotopes have an imbalance between the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, which makes them unstable and prone to breaking apart or decomposing. This process is called radioactive decay, and it can result in the emission of alpha or beta particles, gamma radiation, or other forms of energy.
The instability of the nucleus is due to the strong nuclear force that holds the nucleus together, which is overcome by the electrostatic repulsion between the protons. As a result, unstable isotopes are constantly trying to reach a more stable state by releasing energy in the form of radiation.
Because unstable isotopes can decompose, they have a limited lifespan, and their half-lives can vary from fractions of a second to billions of years. This property of unstable isotopes makes them useful in many fields, including medicine, geology, and nuclear energy.
Answer:
Explanation:
The statements that are true about unstable isotopes are:
They are radioactive.
They have an imbalance between protons and neutrons.
They may decompose.
can u bang a teacher in class
Answer:
Explanation:
Feel free to bang me- your teacher
Answer:
depends lol
Explanation:
If it takes 3.5 hours for the Hogwarts Express, moving at a speed of 120 mi/hr, to it make it from Platform
9 and ¾ to Hogwarts, how far apart are they?
Answer:
3/4 miles
Expanation:Because 9+3/4 is 3/4 miles
What type of reaction is represented by the following equation?
Mg(OH)2 (aq) + 2 HCl (aq) --> MgCl2 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)
Answer: Double replacement reaction
Explanation:
Unlike homogeneous solutions, the
particles in a colloid are [?] and [ ]
through a semi-permeable membrane.
A
B
visible
invisible
Unlike homogeneous solutions, the particles in a colloid are Visible, and will pass through a semi-permeable membrane. The correct options are A. and A.
What are colloidal particles?Colloidal particles are the small and minute particles that are present in the solid. Their size is from 10 nano microns to greater than 10 microns. They are visible through a membrane.
There are four types of colloidal particles that are: sol, emulsion, foam, and aerosol. These particles are solid particles and examples are milk, mayonnaise, butter, etc.
The passing through and the visibility of the colloidal particles depends on the size of the pores. If the pore size is bigger it may not transfer, but if the size is small they can transfer through the membrane.
Thus, the correct option are A. Visible, and A. Will pass.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
A. Visible,
B. Invisible
A. Will pass
B. Will not pass
5 importance of chemistry
Answer:
1.Understanding chemical reactions and processes is essential for many industries, such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and energy production.
2.Chemistry plays a key role in developing new materials, such as plastics and semiconductors, with specific properties.
3.Chemical analysis and testing are used to detect and measure the presence of various substances, such as pollutants and contaminants.
4.The study of chemistry provides a fundamental understanding of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, which is essential for fields such as biology and physics.
5.Chemistry is essential for designing and developing new technologies, such as batteries, solar cells, and medical diagnostic tools.
Answer:
Understanding chemical reactions and the properties of matter is crucial for the development of new materials and technologies.
Chemistry plays a key role in industries such as medicine, agriculture, and energy production.
Chemistry is important for the study of environmental issues and the development of sustainable practices.
The principles of chemistry are essential for the development of new drugs and treatments in the field of medicine.
Understanding chemistry is important for the safe handling and disposal of chemical substances in industries and households.
is CF3Cl a polar or non-polar molecule?
Answer: Polar
Explanation: This is because if you look up the Lewis Dot structure of this specific molecule, it will have some net dipole moment, which makes it polar.
It can be considered that when a molecule does have some net dipole moment, it is polar.
So, yes CF3Cl is polar.
CF₃Cl, also known as chlorotrifluoromethane, is a polar molecule.
To determine the polarity of a molecule, consider the individual bond polarities and the molecular geometry.
In CF₃Cl, there is a difference in electronegativity between carbon (C) and chlorine (Cl), as well as between carbon and fluorine (F). Chlorine and fluorine are more electronegative than carbon, meaning they have a greater ability to attract electrons toward themselves.
The C-Cl bond and the C-F bonds in CF₃Cl are polar bonds due to the electronegativity difference. The Cl and F atoms pull the shared electrons towards themselves, creating partial negative charges on those atoms and partial positive charges on the carbon atom.
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Calculate the cell potential for the galvanic cell in which the given reaction occurs at 25 °C, given that [Sn2+]=0.0624 M, [Fe3+]=0.0437 M, [Sn4+]=0.00655 M, and [Fe2+]=0.01139 M. Standard reduction potentials can be found in this table.
Sn2+(aq)+2Fe3+(aq)↽−−⇀ Sn4+(aq)+2Fe2+(aq)
So far my incorrect answers have been:
0.28
0.798
0.178
0.142
0.881
0.61
and 0.812
Answer:
The cell potential for the given galvanic cell is 0.188 V.
Explanation:
To calculate the cell potential, we can use the Nernst equation:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF)ln(Q)
where E°cell is the standard cell potential, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K), T is the temperature in Kelvin (25°C = 298 K), n is the number of moles of electrons transferred (in this case, n = 2), F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol), and Q is the reaction quotient.
First, we need to write the half-reactions and their standard reduction potentials:
Sn4+(aq) + 2e- → Sn2+(aq) E°red = 0.15 V
Fe3+(aq) + e- → Fe2+(aq) E°red = 0.77 V
The overall reaction is the sum of the half-reactions:
Sn2+(aq) + 2Fe3+(aq) → Sn4+(aq) + 2Fe2+(aq)
The reaction quotient Q can be expressed as:
Q = [Sn4+][Fe2+]^2 / [Sn2+][Fe3+]^2
Substituting the given concentrations, we get:
Q = (0.00655)(0.01139)^2 / (0.0624)(0.0437)^2 = 0.209
Now we can calculate the cell potential:
Ecell = 0.15 V + 0.0592 V log([Fe2+]^2/[Fe3+]) + 0.0592 V log([Sn4+]/[Sn2+])
= 0.15 V + 0.0592 V log(0.01139^2/0.0437^2) + 0.0592 V log(0.00655/0.0624)
= 0.188 V
Therefore, the cell potential for the given galvanic cell is 0.188 V.
The cell potential for the given galvanic cell in which the given reaction occurs at 25 °C is 0.188 V.
How to the cell potential of galvanic cell?To find the cell potential, we take the Nernst equation:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF)ln(Q)
In which R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K) and E° cell is the standard cell potential.
T temperature in Kelvin (25°C = 298 K), and n is the number of moles of electrons transferred (n = 2), Q is the reaction quotient and F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol).
Firstly, write the half-reactions and then their standard reduction potentials:
Sn⁴⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Sn²⁺(aq) E°red = 0.15 V
Fe³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Fe²⁺(aq) E°red = 0.77 V
The overall reaction is the sum of the half-reactions:
Sn²⁺(aq) + 2Fe³⁺(aq) → Sn⁴⁺(aq) + 2Fe²⁺(aq)
The Q reaction quotient can be written as:
Q = [Sn⁴⁺][Fe²⁺]² ÷ [Sn²⁺][Fe²⁺]²
Substituting the given concentrations, we observe:
Q = (0.00655)(0.01139)² ÷ (0.0624)(0.0437)² = 0.209
Next, we can find the cell potential:
Ecell = 0.15 V + 0.0592 V log([Fe²⁺]²/[Fe³⁺]) + 0.0592 V log([Sn⁴⁺]/[Sn²⁺])
= 0.15 V + 0.0592 V log(0.01139²÷0.0437²) + 0.0592 V log(0.00655÷0.0624)
= 0.188 V
Thus, the cell potential for the given galvanic cell is 0.188 V.
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