Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most commercially important polymers. PVC is made by addition polymerization of vinyl chloride ( C2H3Cl ). Vinyl chloride is synthesized from ethylene ( C2H4 ) in a two-step process involving the following equilibria:
Equilibrium 1: C2H4(g)+Cl2(g)⇌C2H4Cl2(g)
Equilibrium 2: C2H4Cl2(g)⇌C2H3Cl(g)+HCl(g)
Use bond energies to estimate the enthalpy change, ΔrH for Equilibrium 1.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most commercially important polymers. PVC is made by addition polymerization of vinyl chloride ( C2H3Cl ). Vinyl chloride is synthesized from ethylene ( C2H4 ) in a two-step process involving the following equilibria:
Equilibrium 1: C2H4(g)+Cl2(g)⇌C2H4Cl2(g)
Equilibrium 2: C2H4Cl2(g)⇌C2H3Cl(g)+HCl(g)

Part B
Use bond energies to estimate the enthalpy change, ΔrH for Equilibrium 1.
Part C
Use bond energies to estimate the enthalpy change, ΔrH , for Equilibrium 2.

Answer:

B) "When substances are chemically combined, the properties of the new substances that are formed are often different from the properties of the original substances."

Explanation:

From the information given, the question was juxtaposing how dangerous the reactants Sodium and Chlorine were at their elemental, natural states with how harmless the product is by combining both of them. There isn't any other statement beside B which is supported by this.

Usually however, most reactions that make NaCl are done through acid-base titrations because they form the salt and water when neutralized.  

Answer:

B

Explanation:

All substances have their own unique chemical and physical properties. When substances are chemically combined (i.e., when substances undergo a chemical reaction), the properties of the new substances that are formed are often different from the properties of the original substances.

Answer: 27.85 L

Explanation:

Ideal gas law

V = nRT/P

V = 1.07 X 0.0821 X 317 / 1=  27.85 L

The simplest alkyne chemical molecule, known as acetylene chemically, is C2H2. Ethyne, Narcy Len, and Vinylene are other names for acetylene.

Two. C2H2 molecules contain 2 carbon atoms each. As a result, there are 2 moles of carbon atoms in every mole of C2H2. You may determine how many moles of an element there are in one mole of a compound by looking at the subscripts in any formula.

The C2H2 chemical formula

Acetylene has the extended chemical formula CHCH and the chemical formula C2H2. Acetylenes' molar mass can be expressed as 26.04 g/mol-1.

Grams Acetylene = 46.60673120000018

Mol = 1.79.

C2H2 molecule

Acetylene, C2H2 / Formula is below.

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Answer:

Genetic Diversity Examples

Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, it ranges widely from the number of species to differences within species and can be attributed to the span of survival for a species.

Explanation:

i hope this helps u.

Answer:

2918.4 torr

Explanation:

From;

PV=nRT

We have that the new conditions of the gas are;

V = 12.0 L

T1 = 177 + 273 = 450 K

n = 1.25 mol

R= 0.082 atm LK-1mol-1

P= ?

P = nRT/V

P = 1.25 *  0.082 * 450/12.0

P = 3.84 atm

Since

1 atm = 760 torr

3.84 atm = 3.84 * 760 = 2918.4 torr

Reagents that are entirely consumed by a chemical reaction are known as limiting reagents.

Thus, They are additionally known as limiting reactants or limiting agents. A predetermined quantity of reactants are necessary for the reaction to be completed, according to the stoichiometry of chemical reactions.

In the aforementioned reaction, 2 moles of ammonia are created when 3 moles of hydrogen gas react with 1 mole of nitrogen gas.

In most cases, this reactant dictates when the reaction will end. The reaction stoichiometry can be used to determine the precise quantity of reactant that will be required to react with another element. The limiting agent is determined by the mole ratio rather than the mass of the reactants.

Thus, Reagents that are entirely consumed by a chemical reaction are known as limiting reagents.

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Answer

1917149.087 grams of (NH₄)₂SO₄ are in 87.37 x 10²⁶ atoms of (NH₄)₂SO₄.

Explanation

Given that:

The number of atoms of (NH₄)₂SO₄ = 87.37 x 10²⁶ atoms

What to find:

To find the grams of (NH₄)₂SO₄ in 87.37 x 10²⁶ atoms of (NH₄)₂SO₄.

Step-by-step solution:

Step 1: Convert 87.37 x 10²⁶ atoms of(NH₄)₂SO₄ to moles.

Conversion factor: One mole of a substance will contain 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of that substance

Step 2: Convert 14508.46895 moles of (NH₄)₂SO₄ to grams.

Using the molar mass of (NH₄)₂SO₄ = 132.14 g/mol and the mole formula below, the grams of (NH₄)₂SO₄ can be determined as follows:

Therefore, 1917149.087 grams of (NH₄)₂SO₄ are in 87.37 x 10²⁶ atoms of (NH₄)₂SO₄.

Answer:

Energy cannot be converted from one form to another.

Answer:

false

Explanation:

Fossils fuels are actually polluting the atmosphere therefore, it can not be a clean-burning fuel.

The mass of Aluminum Sulfate is 5.373 grams if you have \(2.837*10^{26\) atoms of Sulfur .

The molecular formula of Aluminum Sulfate is \(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\) In one molecule of aluminum sulfate, there are 3 sulfur atoms. To calculate the mass of aluminum sulfate, follow the steps below:

Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of aluminum sulfate using the periodic table.Al = 27.0 g/molS = 32.1 g/molO = 16.0 g/mol

(2 × Al) + (3 × S) + (12 × O) = molar mass of \(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\) = 342.2 g/mol

Step 2: Find the number of moles of sulfur in the given number of atoms of sulfur.2\(2.837*10^{26\) atoms of sulfur × 1 mol S/\(6.022 * 10^{23\)atoms S = 0.0470 mol S

Step 3: Use the molar ratio of sulfur to aluminum sulfate to calculate the number of moles of aluminum sulfate.1 mol \(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\) / 3 mol S = 0.333 mol\(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\) per mol S0.0470 mol S × 0.333 mol \(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\)/mol S = 0.0157 mol \(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\)

Step 4: Calculate the mass of aluminum sulfate.0.0157 mol \(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\) × 342.2 g/mol\(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\)= 5.373 g\(Al_2(SO_4)_3.\)

Therefore, the mass of Aluminum Sulfate is 5.373 grams if you have \(2.837*10^{26\) atoms of Sulfur.

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Answer:

8.1*10^-3 or 0.00809917

Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the common ion

LiF and BaF2 both share the ion F^- therefore we can interchange the molarity of LiF for F.

Step 2: Set up a balanced equation

BaF2---Ba2+   +  2F

Step 3: Set up a solubility ice table

initial- Ba^2+: 0      2F: 0.0550

change- S               2F: S^2(exponent is result of coefficient)

Step 4: Set up Ksp equation

2.45*10^-5=[S][S]^2

Step 5: Plug in values

2.45*10^-5=[S][0.0550]^2

S=8.1*10^-3

Answer:

Strontium - 38 (atomic #)

Explanation:

An ion with 38 protons, 36 electrons, and 40 electrons is Strontium. Strontium's atomic number is 38.

Answer:

Geosphere and Hydrosphere.

Explanation:

Hot springs are heated by geothermal heat—heat from the Earth's interior. In volcanic areas, water may come into contact with very hot rock heated by magma. The geosphere and hydrosphere interact when hot springs form. The geosphere gets a little melted by the hot hydrosphere and then when the springs shoot up in the air they break some rocks.

Answer: I think the answer is Cesium (Cs)

Explanation:

A half-filled 6s subshell would be 6s^1

Answer:

bamboo can grow 910 mm (36 in) within a 24-hour period,at a rate of almost 40 mm (1 1⁄2 in) an hour (a growth around 1 mm every 90 seconds, or 1 inch {2.54 centimeters} every 40 minutes).

Explanation:

The enthalpy change (ΔH) for the reaction CaC(s) + H2O(I) → Ca(OH)(ag) + CH4(g) is -3617.6 kJ.

To calculate ΔH for the reaction CaC(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(ag) + CH4(g), we can use Hess's law, which states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway taken and depends only on the initial and final states.

We can manipulate the given reactions to obtain the desired reaction:

(i) Ca(s) + 2C(graphite) → CaC2(s) ΔH = X (unknown value)

(ii) Ca(s) + 1/2O2(g) → CaO(s) ΔH = -635.5 kJ

(iii) CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(ag) ΔH = -653.1 kJ

(iv) CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔH = -1300.0 kJ

(v) C(graphite) + 1/2O2(g) → CO(g) ΔH = -393.5 kJ

Now, let's manipulate these equations to cancel out the common reactants and products and obtain the desired reaction:

(i) Ca(s) + 2C(graphite) → CaC2(s) ΔH = X

(ii) Ca(s) + 1/2O2(g) → CaO(s) ΔH = -635.5 kJ

(iii) CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(ag) ΔH = -653.1 kJ

(iv) CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔH = -1300.0 kJ

(v) C(graphite) + 1/2O2(g) → CO(g) ΔH = -393.5 kJ

Now, let's sum up the equations to obtain the desired reaction:(i) Ca(s) + 2C(graphite) → CaC2(s) ΔH = X

(ii) 2Ca(s) + O2(g) → 2CaO(s) ΔH = -1271 kJ

(iii) CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(ag) ΔH = -653.1 kJ

(iv) CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔH = -1300.0 kJ

(v) C(graphite) + 1/2O2(g) → CO(g) ΔH = -393.5 kJ

By adding equations (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v), we can cancel out CaO(s), H2O(l), and O2(g):

2Ca(s) + 2C(graphite) + CH4(g) → 2Ca(OH)2(ag) + CO(g) ΔH = X -1271 -653.1 -1300.0 -393.5

2Ca(s) + 2C(graphite) + CH4(g) → 2Ca(OH)2(ag) + CO(g) ΔH = X -3617.6 kJ

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Answer:

The human brain is the body's control center, receiving and sending signals to other organs through the nervous system and through secreted hormones. It is responsible for our thoughts, feelings, memory storage and general perception of the world. The human heart is a responsible for pumping blood throughout our body

Answer:Three mutual conversions of energy forms occur at nuclear power plants: nuclear energy is converted into thermal energy, thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy.

Explanation:

Answer:

D. Uses sunlight to create glucose (sugar)

Explanation:

The function of the chloroplast is that it uses sunlight to create glucose.

The chloroplast allows for light to be trapped which is used for the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water.

The chloroplast is a rich in a pigment called the chlorophyll. This chlorophyll is a green pigment which allows for the trapping of solar energy

This solar energy is used to carryout the photosynthetic reaction.

If 3 moles of cl reacts with 3 moles oxygen, there is no limiting reactant or excess reactant because the reactants are in stoichiometric proportions.

To determine the limiting reactant and excess reactant, we need to compare the stoichiometry of the reaction to the given amounts of each reactant.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between chlorine (Cl2) and oxygen (O2) can be represented as follows:

2Cl2 + O2 → 2Cl2O

According to the balanced equation, it requires 2 moles of chlorine (Cl2) to react with 1 mole of oxygen (O2) to produce 2 moles of chlorine oxide (Cl2O).

Given that we have 3 moles of chlorine (Cl2) and 3 moles of oxygen (O2), we can determine the limiting reactant by comparing the ratio of moles between the two reactants.

The ratio of Cl2 to O2 required for complete reaction is 2:1. However, since we have equal amounts of Cl2 and O2 (both 3 moles), neither reactant is present in excess.

Therefore, in this scenario, there is no limiting reactant or excess reactant because the reactants are in stoichiometric proportions. All of the chlorine and oxygen will be consumed in the reaction, resulting in the complete conversion to chlorine oxide (Cl2O).

It's important to note that if the amounts of Cl2 and O2 were different, the reactant present in lesser quantity would be the limiting reactant, and the reactant in greater quantity would be the excess reactant.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The molar volume of a gas at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), which is equal to 22.4 liters.

There are 6.02x10^23 molecules in 1 mole of Argon.

So for 1.51x10^24 molecules of Argon, the volume at STP should be

(1.51x10^24 / (6.02x10^23)) * 22.4

= 56.19 liters

Moles of Argon:-

Now

\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow 2.5(22.4)=56L\)

Answer:

To find the empirical formula of the compound, we need to determine the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the molecule.

First, we can assume that we have 100 grams of the compound, and calculate the number of moles of each element present in it:

Carbon: 40.8 g / 12.011 g/mol = 3.398 mol

Hydrogen: 5.8 g / 1.008 g/mol = 5.753 mol

Oxygen: 53.4 g / 15.999 g/mol = 3.337 mol

Next, we divide each of these values by the smallest one, which is 3.337, to get the mole ratio:

Carbon: 3.398 mol / 3.337 mol = 1.019

Hydrogen: 5.753 mol / 3.337 mol = 1.723

Oxygen: 3.337 mol / 3.337 mol = 1.000

Rounding these values to the nearest whole number, we get the empirical formula: C1.0H1.7O1.0, which can be simplified to CH1.7O.

To find the molecular formula, we need to know the actual molecular mass of the compound. We can estimate it by adding the atomic masses of the elements in the empirical formula:

Carbon: 1 x 12.011 = 12.011

Hydrogen: 1.7 x 1.008 = 1.714

Oxygen: 1 x 15.999 = 15.999

Total = 29.724 g/mol (approx.)

The molecular mass is close to 180 g/mol, which suggests that the actual molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula. Dividing 180 by 29.724, we get a value of about 6.05. Multiplying the subscripts in the empirical formula by this value, we get the molecular formula: C6H10.2O6, which can be further simplified to C3H5.1O3.

The compound with the empirical formula CH1.7O and the molecular formula C3H5.1O3 is commonly known as glyoxylic acid.

If 60 grams of the substance are added to 100 g of water, the solution can be categorized as supersaturated.

The graph shows the number of grams that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water at different temperatures. In general, solubility increases with temperature.

According to the graph, at a temperature of 30°C, it is possible to dissolve a total of 48 to 49 grams of \(KNO_{3}\). This information implies that if we add 60 grams at this temperature not all the substance would be dissolved, and therefore the solution would be supersaturated.

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B. 45.0 L.The balloon has a 45.0 L volume shortly before it bursts.

When temperature is held constant, a gas's volume and pressure have an inverse relationship. This implies that the volume increases as the pressure falls.

Using the Ideal Gas Law, we can calculate the change in volume with the following equation:

\(\frac{V2}{T2} = \frac{V1}{T1}\)

where T1 denotes the starting temperature, T2 denotes the finished temperature, V1 denotes the starting volume, and V2 is the finished volume.

Given:

V1 = 7.2 L

T1 = 27℃ = 300 K

T2 = -32℃ = 241 K

We can solve for V2:

\(V2 = \frac{(V1 * T2) }{ T1} \\\)

\(V2 =\frac{ (7.2 L * 241 K) }{ 300 K }\\V2 = 45.0 L\)

Therefore, the volume of the balloon just before it bursts is 45.0 L.

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Answer:

what are the following statements?

Explanation:

Explanation:

from chemical basics is the law of solution concentration which is no. of moles÷ volume

hope it helps:)

\(a. \: Ca + Cl _{2} → CaCl _{2} \\

\\ b. \: Cl _{2}+H _{2} O+ NaOH → \\ NaCl+ H _{2}O \\ \\

c. \: \: \: H _{2} SO _{4} +CaCO _{3} → \\ CaSO _{4} +H _{2}O+CO _{2} \\ \\

d. \: \: Fe+Cu(NO _{3}) _{2} → \\ Fe(NO _{3} ) _{2}+Cu\)

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Clofibrate is a lipid-lowering pharmaceutical that has been utilized to treat hyperlipidemia. Its metabolism system includes different pathways such as hydrolysis, oxidation, conjugation, and others.

Metabolites are little molecules that are produced during the process of  metabolism in living living beings.

Clofibrate hydrolysis metabolite:

Clofibrate oxidation metabolites:

Clofibrate alkylation metabolites:

Clofibrate conjugation metabolites:

Conclusively, the relative abundance and significance of each metabolite can vary among individuals.

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Explanation:

the volume and temperature of a gas have a ditect relationship,as the temperature increases the volume also increases when pressure is held constand, heating the gas increases the kinetic energy of the particles or atoms,causing the gas to expand until the pressure returns to its original value

Answer:

what are the choices?

Explanation: