Please help me with this. in a 250-word report, answer the following questions.
what happens in the light reaction of photosynthesis?
what happens in the dark reaction of photosynthesis?
what five factors affect photosynthesis and its rate? how?
Answers
The light reaction of photosynthesis is the first step in the process and involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. During this reaction, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.
This energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
The dark reaction of photosynthesis is the second step in the process and does not require light. During this reaction, the ATP and NADPH from the light reaction are used to convert the previously made glucose into other organic molecules such as amino acids, proteins and lipids.
There are five factors that affect photosynthesis and its rate. These include light intensity, carbon dioxide, temperature, water and minerals. Light intensity is important as it is the source of energy for photosynthesis.
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Related Questions
If a cellular biologist was successfulin removing all the ribosomes in a cell, what would the cell n
longer be able to create?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
if a cellular biologist was successful in removing all the ribosomes in a cell then cell would no longer be able to create proteins because proteins play a vital role in protein synthesis
Anaerobically growing bacteria can grow in which type of medium? choose one: a. Complex b. Selective c. Reduced d. Enriched
Answers
B.selective. One or more microbe species can be chosen using a selective medium. They will be the only bacteria that can grow on or in the medium because all others will be prevented from doing so.
There are numerous methods for obtaining selectivity. It is easy to choose for organisms that can use the sugar, for example, by making a certain sugar the sole source of carbon in the medium. A certain type of microorganism can be selectively blocked by the use of dyes, antibiotics, salts, or other inhibitors that affect the enzyme systems or metabolism of the organisms.
Differentiating between groups of species or closely related organisms is done using differential media. All three sectors medical, food, and dairy use a variety of selection and differential media.
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Which of the four allosteric enzymes or enzyme complexes in the citric acid cycle are under negative allosteric control? Which are under positive allosteric control? (1) Pyruvate dehydrogenase (3) Isocitrate dehydrogenase (2) Citrate synthase (4) α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase Positive Both Neither Negative
Answers
The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle, is a series of enzymatic reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle, is a series of enzymatic reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. The cycle is crucial for generating energy in the form of ATP through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA, which is derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
There are four allosteric enzymes or enzyme complexes in the citric acid cycle, including pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Allosteric enzymes are enzymes whose activity is regulated by the binding of an effector molecule at a site other than the active site. The binding of an effector molecule can either enhance or inhibit enzyme activity, depending on the type of effector molecule.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase are under negative allosteric control. This means that the binding of an effector molecule inhibits enzyme activity. For isocitrate dehydrogenase, the effector molecule is ATP, NADH, or citrate, while for α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, the effector molecule is NADH, ATP, or succinyl-CoA.
On the other hand, citrate synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are under positive allosteric control. This means that the binding of an effector molecule enhances enzyme activity. For citrate synthase, the effector molecule is ADP, while for pyruvate dehydrogenase, the effector molecule is pyruvate.
In summary, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase are under negative allosteric control, while citrate synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are under positive allosteric control. These allosteric controls play important roles in regulating the rate of the citric acid cycle and ensuring that energy production is tightly regulated and balanced.
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How would the world be without atoms?
Answers
without atoms, the chemical elements wouldn't exist. then, molecules, then proteins, then life itself. basically we're made out of atoms just like everything else.
natural selection gizmo answer sheet?
Answers
Answer:
Natural selection is the theory that states that if individuals of different genotypes are differently qualified to live and have viable offspring under prevailing conditions, those genes that promote greater fitness must spread at the expense of others. Natural selection is therefore the process that occurs when more capable traits are inherited from one generation to another due to the interaction between the characteristics of the organism and its environment. The first to propose this theory was Charles Darwin.
if a middle level species were removed from the community, how might the flow of energy be affected? Explain your answer.
Answers
Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids?
Answers
The function of nucleic acids from the given options is that nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.
What are nucleic acids?Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life which are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
Nucleic acids are classified into two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid.
Nucleic acids like the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), carry genetic information which is read in cells to make the RNA and proteins by which living things function.
Nucleic acids do not provide energy and they also do not store fatty acids.
In conclusion, nucleic acids can be found within the nucleus and cytoplasm of our cells.
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Facts and information collected over time
Answers
Answer:
Sounds like that's data?
cd4 t cells are activated by group of answer choices interaction between tcrs and mhc ii interaction between cd4 and mhc ii. complement cytokines released by dendritic cells.
Answers
cd4+ t cells are activated by interaction between CD4+ and MHC II.
What is MHC molecule?
A sizable region of vertebrate DNA called the major histocompatibility complex houses a group of closely related polymorphic genes that code for the cell surface proteins needed by the adaptive immune system. These MHC molecules are cell surface proteins.
A controlled, efficient immune response to pathogens depends on CD4+T cells. After interacting with the antigen-MHC complex, naive CD4+T cells become activated and undergo specialized subtype differentiation that is largely influenced by the cytokine milieu of the microenvironment.
Hence the correct answer is interaction between CD4+ and MHC II.
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Will gibe brainliest answer.
Copper compounds are used in large amounts to control the growth of algae and other aquatic plants. copper interferes with photosynthesis in these organisms. what would be the most likely result of an accidental spill of these compounds in an aquatic environment?
A. the fish would grow larger than usual
B. the zooplankton population would increase
C. the plants would increase in size but decrease in number
D. the plant populations would be reduced
Answers
Answer:
D. The plant population would be reduced.
Explanation:
The most likely result of an accidental spill of these compounds in an aquatic environment is that the plant populations would be reduced. Thus, the correct option is D.
What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis may be defined as the process through which green plants and some photosynthetic algae synthesize their own food (glucose) with the help of carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
The excess of copper in the aquatic environment may lead to the replacement of magnesium in chlorophylls which inhibits the termination of energy from chlorophyll to the photosystem II.
This excess of copper may also be directly involved in the inhibition of the reaction center in photosystem II. This overall affects the rate of photosynthesis through which the plant populations would be reduced.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.
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What events must have occurred for fossils of marine
organisms to be in a mountain far above sea level?
Answers
Answer:
The area has been submerged in the water during the past
Explanation:
Plate tectonics. The movement of plates on the Earth's surface caused the ocean crust to collide with the continents and caused mountains and mountain ranges to form
What happens when the xist gene from an x chromosome is inserted into an autosome?.
Answers
When the xist gene from an x chromosome is inserted into an autosome the autosome with Xist is inactivated like an X chromosome.
What does the Xist gene do?On the X chromosome of placental mammals, the non-coding RNA known as Xist (X-inactive specific transcript) plays a key role in the X-inactivation process. Along with two more RNA genes (Jpx and Ftx), two protein genes, and two other components, it is a part of the Xic, or X-chromosome inactivation centre (Tsx and Cnbp2).
The long, non-coding RNA Xist is essential for mammalian XCI (X-inactive specific transcript). It is generated from the Xist gene, which is located in the X inactivation centre (Xic), a region on the X chromosome that contains clustered genes and regulatory regions important in the X inactivation process.
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What are the new cells called and how do they compare with each other?
Answers
Answer:
The original cell is called the mother cell and the two new cells are called daughter cells.
Explanation:
The mitotic (M) phase and cytokinesis (C phase) together are called cell division, the division of the parent cell (original) into two daughter cells (new cells), each with the same genetic information (chromosomes) as the parent cell. Mitosis does NOT occur in prokaryotic cells that do NOT have a nucleus. (tesd. net)
The nucleus divides during mitosis, while the cytoplasm divides during cytokinesis. The two new cells are referred to as daughter cells.
What is daughter cells?Diploid cells are the daughter cells of mitosis. Diploid cells have two complete chromosome sets. Mitosis creates no genetic diversity in normal healthy cells because the daughter cells have exact copies of their parent cell's DNA. Either of the two cells formed when a cell divides through mitosis. Because they have the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cell, daughter cells are genetically identical. Daughter cells are formed by the division of a single parent cell. They are produced by the mitotic and meiotic division processes. Cell division is the reproductive mechanism that allows living organisms to grow, develop, and reproduce.To learn more about daughter cells, refer to:
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According to the passage, which of the following best describes genetic engineering?
Answers
Answer:
According to genome.gov genetic engineering is the process of using recombinant DNA technology to alter the genetic makeup of an organism.
give brainliest :)
Answer:
the process of using recombinant DNA(rDNA)technology to alterthe genetic makeup of an organism
Explanation:
Genetic engineering involves the direct manipulation of one or more genes
name the organisms of each trophic level of the food web
The diagram showing aquatic food web
Answers
Answer:
plankton- producer
krill- primary consumer
squid, penguin- secondary consumer
blue whale, seal, seagull- tertiary consumer
What do we make with the energy we get from our food
Answers
Most bacterial cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall.. true or false
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
According to current understanding, the two most abundant elements in the universe were made __________.
Answers
Answer:
According to current understanding, the two most abundant elements in the universe were made in the Big Bang.
During the first 5 minutes of the universe's formation, hydrogen and most of the helium in the universe produced.
Explanation:
Here is the table 1.1 explain the differences between the average numbers of mitochondria in the cells shown in table 1.1
Thankss
Answers
Answer:
which school are you from I may answer the questions
In the table, it is shown that the liver and the heart muscle cells contain the majority of the mitochondria, as they need more energy to carry out most of the vital reactions, and the sperm has less, while red blood cells have not a single.
What is the function of the mitochondria?The mitochondria are an organelle in which energy is produced, such as ATP, and most eukaryotic cells have this organelle, however, there are some exceptions, such as mature red blood cells, which do not have this organelle and produce energy through glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. More mitochondria will be in those cells that work more.
Hence, in the table, it is shown that the liver and the heart muscle cells contain the majority of the mitochondria, as they need more energy to carry out most of the vital reactions, and the sperm has less, while red blood cells have not a single.
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Drag the labels to the correct locations. The labels may be used more than once.
Imagine that a space shuttle carrying astronauts is launched from Earth to the International Space Station (ISS). As the shuttle travels toward the ISS, it will encounter different layers of Earth’s atmosphere.
helppppppppppppp Determine the change in temperature that the shuttle will experience while passing through each atmospheric layer.
temperature decreases with altitude
temperature increases with altitude
Answers
Answer:
Troposphere - temperature decreases with altitude
Stratosphere - temperature increases with altitude
Mesosphere - temperature decreases with altitude
Thermosphere - temperature increases with altitude
Here's a visual to to the changes in temperature as altitude increases:
how many layers are in earth atmosphere ?
The Earth’s atmosphere is layered and each layer of the atmosphere has its own specific traits. The atmosphere of Earth is divided into four layers as Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere and Thermosphere
Generally, temperatures decrease with increasing height because the atmosphere distributes itself according to gravity. In the troposphere, the temperature generally decreases with altitude. The reason is the troposphere's gases absorb very little of the incoming solar radiation.
Troposphere - temperature decreases with altitude
Mesosphere - temperature decreases with altitude
The temperature increases with increasing altitude in the stratosphere because there’s a high concentration of ozone molecules.
Stratosphere - temperature increases with altitude
Thermosphere - temperature increases with altitude
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Please HELP!!!
Which of the following best describes an organ system?
A. One or more cell types that perform specific functions
B. Various cells that perform different functions
C. Two or more tissues organized and capable of carrying out a specific task
D. Two or more organs that interact to perform a common task
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The endocrine gland that is devoted entirely to endocrine activities and has a distinctive butterfly shape is the
Answers
The endocrine gland that is devoted entirely to endocrine activities and has a distinctive butterfly shape is the thyroid gland.
What is the thyroid gland?The thyroid gland is a significant endocrine gland found in the neck that secretes thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It is composed of two lobes that resemble butterfly wings or a bow tie. The thyroid gland is in the front of the neck, just below the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple), and is secured by a band of muscle and fascia.
The thyroid gland is responsible for controlling metabolism by producing hormones that regulate growth and development, regulate body temperature, and regulate heart rate and blood pressure.
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A Comparison of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Aspect
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function
energy capture
Location of
chloroplasts
reactions
Reactants
Products
Answers
Reactants for photosynthesis: Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light
Reactants for cellular respiration: Glucose + Oxygen
Products for photosynthesis: Glucose + Oxygen
Products for cellular respiration: Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light
Plant's chloroplasts are where photosynthesis takes place. Here, stable carbohydrates are used to transform solar energy into chemical energy.6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Chloroplasts are tiny organelles with membrane connections that contain pigments, enzymes, and other substances that aid in the process.Basic chemicals and macromolecules are available as nutrients for a variety of metabolic activities. The mechanism through which animals obtain energy in heterotrophic feeding is the digesting of organic materials, such as lipids, fats, and proteins.Animals consume carbs for all metabolic activities. In the mitochondria, this happens...C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ≅38 ATP
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___________ postulated that genetic weaknesses, inadequate diet, infections, and other individual differences facilitate the effect of stress.
Answers
Hans Selye postulated that genetic weaknesses, inadequate diet, infections, and other individual differences facilitate the effect of stress.
Hans Selye was an endocrinologist and the pioneer of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) theory, which describes how the body responds to stress.
According to Selye, stress is a non-specific response of the body to any demand or challenge placed upon it.
Selye's theory suggests that certain factors can increase an individual's vulnerability to the negative effects of stress. Genetic weaknesses refer to inherited traits or predispositions that may make someone more susceptible to stress-related illnesses or conditions.
Inadequate diet can weaken the body's resilience and impair its ability to cope with stress. Infections and other health issues can also contribute to the impact of stress by taxing the body's resources and compromising its overall well-being.
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what type of bond exists between two water molecules?
Answers
Answer:
hydrogen bonds
Explanation:
i looked it up for u
as a venous pathway moves closer to the heart, the veins___
Answers
Veins get larger as it gets closer to the heart just as arteries grow smaller with the distance from heart in circulatory system.
What is circulatory system?A group of organs known as the blood circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood itself, circulates blood throughout the entire body of a human or other animal. It contains the cardiovascular system, sometimes referred to as the vascular system, which is centred on the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and from Latin vascula meaning vessels). The circulatory system is divided into two sections: a systemic circulation or circuit and a pulmonary circulation or circuit. The cardiovascular system or vascular system are other names for the circulatory system. Huge elastic arteries, sizable veins, and numerous smaller arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins that connect with venules make up the network of blood vessels in the heart.
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. compare the control of gene regulation in eukaryotes and bacteria at the level of initiation of transcription. how do the regulatory mechanisms work? what are the similarities and differences in these two types of organisms in terms of the specific components of the regulatory mechanisms?
Answers
Recognition of the promoter can be affected by activators and repressors.The (omega) component of a RNA polymerase holoenzyme recognizes the promoter in bacteria.
Similarities: Cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors must interact for transcription to begin. Upstream of a transcribed gene are components called promoters that are necessary. Recognition of the promoter can be affected by activators and repressors. Although they have diverse structures, DNA loops have a role in the control of transcription initiation.
Differences: The (omega) component of a RNA polymerase holoenzyme recognizes the promoter in bacteria. The specificity of transcription is controlled by the recognition of various promoter sequences by various (omega) subunits. Additionally, RNAs (attenuators, riboswitches, and sRNAs) can either allow as well as repress initiation, making transcription adapt to environmental or cellular conditions. Repressor proteins that cause DNA conformational adjustments (repression loops) can prevent RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter. In eukaryotes, the chromatin structure may have to be altered in order to change how accessible the promoter is to the transcriptional machinery. General transcription factors attract RNAP II to promoters. Additionally, enhancers and silencers are each bound by activators and repressors, respectively. Large DNA loops may be created, putting promoters & enhancers (or silencers) near to one another, according to one theory.
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Order the elements from smallest to largest atomic number.
Answers
Answer:
The following is the arrangement of the given elements from smallest to largest atomic number:
Nitrogen (N), Sodium (Na), Chlorine (Cl), Copper (Cu), Rubidium (Ru),
Silver (Ag), Iridium (Ir).
Explanation:
What is the atomic number?
The atomic number of an element is defined as the number of protons present in its nucleus, or the number of electrons present in its ground state (neutral state).It is represented by the letter Z. Z= number of protons in the nucleus of one atom of the element.Atomic number of chlorine (Cl) = 17
Atomic number of copper (Cu) = 29
Atomic number of iridium (Ir) = 77
Atomic number of nitrogen (N) = 7
Atomic number of rubidium (Ru) = 37
Atomic number of silver (Ag) = 47
Atomic number of sodium (Na) = 11.
Thus, arranging from the lowest to the highest atomic number, the order is: nitrogen, sodium, chlorine, copper, rubidium, silver, iridium.
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structures the nucleus depends on?
Answers
Answer:
the nucleus households most of the cell's genetic material found as a linear DNA molecules organized into chromosomes ... the structure of the nucleolus depends on its purpose in the nucleus there are a number of other structures found inside the nucleus and enough which are enclosed in their own membranes.
The structures that the nucleus depends on are the nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, chromatin, nucleus sap nuclear matrix, and nucleolus.
What is a nucleus?The nucleus is the brain of the cell. It is small, spherical, and the center of the cell. It controls all the activities of the cell. Prokaryotic cells are the primitive type of cells that are present only in unicellular organisms, and they do not undergo cell division.
These cells do not have true cell organelles and a nucleus, in that DNA is present in coil form in the cytoplasm. They contain ribosomes the organisms are bacteria that contain prokaryotic cells.
The eukaryotic cells do all the functions of the nucleus. The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell.
Therefore, the structures of the nucleus are the nuclear membrane, nucleolus, chromatin, etc.
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Match each term to its corresponding
description
Gene
Chromosome
DNA
Heredity
Hydrogen Bond
Traits
Nucleus
Nucleotide
Answers
Answer:
no question
Explanation: