1. 8.5 mole of chlorine contains 8.5 x 6.023 x 10²³= 5.11x 10²⁴ atoms of chlorine. 2. 15.50 mole of oxygen has a mass of 15.50 x 16.00 g = 248.00 g. 5. The molar mass of cobalt is 58.93 g/mol. 6. The formula mass of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ is 310.18 g/mol.
What is molar mass?Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance. It is a physical property and not a chemical property, and is measured in grams per mole (g/mol). The molar mass of a substance can be determined by adding together the atomic masses of each element present in the molecule. For example, one mole of carbon dioxide would have a molar mass of 44 g/mol, as it contains one 12 g/mol carbon atom and two 16 g/mol oxygen atoms.
What is formula mass?Formula mass is the sum total of all the masses of the elements in a chemical formula. The formula mass of a compound is usually expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by add the atomic masses of all the atoms present in the formula, taking into account how many of each atom are present.
1. 8.5 mole of chlorine contains 8.5 x 6.023 x 10²³ = 5.11x 10²⁴ atoms of chlorine.
2. 15.50 mole of oxygen has a mass of 15.50 x 16.00 g = 248.00 g.
3. 1.953 x 108 g of helium contains 1.953 x 108 / 4.00 g/mol = 4.88x10⁷ moles of helium.
4. 147.82 g of sulfur contain 147.82 / 32.06 = 4.60x10²³ atoms of sulfur.
5. The molar mass of cobalt is 58.93 g/mol.
6. The formula mass of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ is 310.18 g/mol.
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What is the Pauli exclusion principle in chemistry?
The Pauli exclusion principle is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that no two electrons in an atom can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously.
This means that two electrons in an atom cannot have the same set of quantum numbers (n, l, m, and s), where n is the principal quantum number, l is the angular momentum quantum number, m is the magnetic quantum number, and s is the spin quantum number.
The exclusion principle has important consequences for the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. It explains why electrons occupy different energy levels and orbitals in an atom, and why they occupy different energy levels in different atoms in a molecule. It also explains why electrons occupy different spin states in an orbital, leading to a maximum of two electrons in a single orbital.
The Pauli exclusion principle is a key principle in the understanding of the electronic structure of atoms and molecules, and has important implications for many chemical and physical properties, including reactivity, bonding, and spectroscopy. It also plays a critical role in our understanding of many phenomena in materials science, solid-state physics, and condensed matter physics.
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Please Help!!!!
If the atomic mass of an element is 22 and the atomic number of said element is 10, what is the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in this element?
The element is Neon
The protons is the same as the atomic number (10 protons)
The electrons are the same as the number of protons in a neutral atom (10 electrons)
The neutrons can be found by subtracting the protons from the atomic mass (22-10=12 neutrons)
Use The diagram to make some observations about how he does transferring in each of these situations
do you have some examples or options to answer ?
Logan demonstrates to the class how mass must be conserved in every chemical reaction.
He measures the mass of hydrochloric acid and a magnesium strip separately. He then places the magnesium strip into the acid and bubbles form as the magnesium
seems to disappear. The combined mass afterward is less than the original.
Hydrochloric Acid + Magnesium
How could Logan explain this lower mass?
Answer:
Logan could explain the lower mass by explaining that the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium produces hydrogen gas, which escapes and therefore is not included in the final combined mass measurement. The reaction is:HCl + Mg → MgCl2 + H2Since the hydrogen gas has mass, its escape from the reaction vessel explains the decrease in the combined mass of the reactants after the reaction.
Convert 6,000,530,000 seconds to years
Answer:
190.2755580923 years
Explanation:
What is the sequence in the formation of the Earth and the Universe?
The Earth and Universe formed around the same time
The Earth formed billions of years after the Universe formed
The Universe formed millions of years before the Earth formed
The Earth Formed before the Universe formed
Answer:
The Earth formed billions of years after the Universe formed
Explanation:
The "universe" is said to have been formed billions of year ago through an explosion. This was called the "Big Bang Theory." This lead to the expansion of the universe owing to its high temperature and density. After which, the universe cooled down. Galaxies and stars were then formed. Some of the stars died due to explosion, which then led to the creation of planets. Such formation of the planets happened around 4.5 billion years ago. This is 9.3 billions of years later than the universe was formed (13.8 billions of years ago). So, this explains the answer.
What is the purpose of a catalyst in the production of hydrogen?
Select the correct answer.
- to increase the rate at which water molecules decompose
- to decrease the amount of oxygen produced
- to decrease the temperature of the reaction
- to increase the activation energy of the reaction
The purpose of a catalyst in the production of hydrogen is to increase the rate at which water molecules decompose.
What is a catalyst-A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed or produced during the reaction. As a result, catalysts assist in speeding up chemical reactions while also decreasing the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur. In hydrogen production, catalysts are used to speed up the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The use of catalysts lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, resulting in a faster reaction rate and lower operating temperatures.What is the process of hydrogen production?Hydrogen production has various methods, and one of the most commonly used methods is water electrolysis. In this method, water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen using an electric current passed through an electrode. Water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen during the process, with the assistance of a catalyst. During this process, a catalyst like platinum or nickel is employed to speed up the chemical reaction of water decomposition.
When an electric current is applied to the catalyst, water molecules are broken apart, releasing hydrogen and oxygen atoms.Catalysts lower the activation energy of the reaction, allowing it to occur faster than it would otherwise. In hydrogen production, catalysts are crucial since they enable the reaction to occur at a lower temperature, reducing energy consumption and minimizing operating costs. As a result, the use of catalysts is essential to the production of hydrogen.
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apply molecular orbital theory to determine the bond order of no. (use the energy ordering of o2.)
The bond order of NO is 0, indicating that the bond is not a stable bond. Molecular orbital theory can be applied to determine the bond order of NO by considering the molecular orbitals that are formed from the atomic orbitals of nitrogen and oxygen
The first molecular orbital that is formed from nitrogen and oxygen is the sigma bonding molecular orbital, denoted as sigma(2p) in NO. This molecular orbital is formed by adding the 2p atomic orbitals of nitrogen and oxygen in phase, meaning that the peaks of the waves align. This results in a lower energy molecular orbital that is bonding in nature. The sigma(2p) molecular orbital contains two electrons, one from nitrogen and one from oxygen, that occupy the lowest energy level in the molecular orbital diagram.
The second molecular orbital that is formed from nitrogen and oxygen is the sigma* anti-bonding molecular orbital, denoted as sigma*(2p) in NO. This molecular orbital is formed by subtracting the 2p atomic orbitals of nitrogen and oxygen out of phase, meaning that the peaks of one wave align with the troughs of the other. This results in a higher energy molecular orbital that is anti-bonding in nature. The sigma*(2p) molecular orbital contains two electrons, one from nitrogen and one from oxygen, that occupy the highest energy level in the molecular orbital diagram.
The third molecular orbital that is formed from nitrogen and oxygen is the pi bonding molecular orbital, denoted as pi(2p) in NO. This molecular orbital is formed by adding the 2p atomic orbitals of nitrogen and oxygen in phase along the internuclear axis, meaning that the peaks of the waves align along a line connecting the two atoms. This results in a lower energy molecular orbital that is bonding in nature. The pi(2p) molecular orbital contains two electrons, one from nitrogen and one from oxygen, that occupy the second lowest energy level in the molecular orbital diagram.
The fourth molecular orbital that is formed from nitrogen and oxygen is the pi* anti-bonding molecular orbital, denoted as pi*(2p) in NO. This molecular orbital is formed by subtracting the 2p atomic orbitals of nitrogen and oxygen out of phase along the internuclear axis, meaning that the peaks of one wave align with the troughs of the other along a line connecting the two atoms. This results in a higher energy molecular orbital that is anti-bonding in nature. The pi*(2p) molecular orbital contains two electrons, one from nitrogen and one from oxygen, that occupy the second highest energy level in the molecular orbital diagram.
Bond order = (number of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals - number of electrons in anti-bonding molecular orbitals)/2
Bond order = (4 - 4)/2
Bond order = 0
In conclusion, the bond order of NO is 0, indicating that the bond is not a stable bond.
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2 HNO3(aq) + NO(g) → 3 NO2(g) + H2O(l) ΔG°rxn = ? ΔG°f (kJ/mol) -110.9 87.6 51.3 -237.1
Answer:
\(\Delta G_{rxn}=51.0kJ/mol\)
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the definition of the Gibbs free energy of reaction in terms of the Gibbs free energy of formation of the involved reactants and products, it is possible for us to compute it as shown below:
\(\Delta G_{rxn}=3\Delta _f G_{NO_2}+\Delta _f G_{H_2O}-2\Delta _f G_{HNO_3}-\Delta _f G_{NO}\)
Thus, by plugging in the given data, it is possible to obtain:
\(\Delta G_{rxn}=3(51.3)+(-237.1)-2(-110.9)-(87.6)\\\\\Delta G_{rxn}=51.0kJ/mol\)
Best regards!
The standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°rxn) for the reaction is 76.7 kJ/mol.
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
2 HNO₃(aq) + NO(g) → 3 NO₂(g) + H₂O(l)
The standard free energy change for a reaction ( ΔG0rxn) can be found out using the equation,
ΔG° = Σ ΔG°fproducts - Σ ΔGf° reactants
ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS0rxn
∆H°rxn = change in enthalpy of reaction
∆S° = Change in entropy of reaction
T = Temperature ( 298 K )
ΔG°rxn = (3 × ΔG°f(NO₂(g)) + ΔG°f(H₂O(l))) - (2 × ΔG°f(HNO₃)aq)) + ΔG°f(NO(g)))
Substituting the given ΔG°f values:
ΔG°rxn = (3 × 51.3 kJ/mol) + (-237.1 kJ/mol) - (2 × (-110.9 kJ/mol)) + (87.6 kJ/mol)
ΔG°rxn = 153.9 kJ/mol - 237.1 kJ/mol + 221.8 kJ/mol + 87.6 kJ/mol
ΔG°rxn = 226.2 kJ/mol - 149.5 kJ/mol
ΔG°rxn = 76.7 kJ/mol
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9. An atom's electron configuration is shown here. How many electrons are in
that atom?
1s22s22p63s4
8
14
4
22
Answer:
14 electrons are in that atom
a. Rub the magnet along the nail or knitting needle. Now try picking up the paper clip or tack. Could your nail pick it up? How many can it pick up at once?
b. Now try to make your magnet stronger by rubbing the magnet along the nail or knitting needle for a longer time. Rub only in one direction, not back and forth. This will increase the number of atoms that line up with the magnet. Try to pick up paper clips or thumbtacks. How many can it pick up now?
Answer:
ight i'll answer both rq
Explanation:
a. Rub the magnet along the nail or knitting needle. Now try picking up the paper clip or
tack. Could your nail pick it up? How many can it pick up at once?
after rubbing the magnet with the nail, it could pick up 7 small paper clips.
b. Now try to make your magnet stronger by rubbing the magnet along the nail or knitting
needle for a longer time. Rub only in one direction, not back and forth. This will increase
the number of atoms that line up with the magnet. Try to pick up paper clips or
thumbtacks. How many can it pick up now?
after rubbing it a second time but for a longer period, it could pick up around 10, almost lifting the 11th.
Answer:
A. After rubbing the magnet with the nail, it could pick up 7 small paper clips.
B. After rubbing it a second time but for a longer period, it could pick up around 10 small paper clips, almost lifting the 11th one.
Word equation for Silver being added to sulphuric acid
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
When silver is added to dilute sulphuric acid, no reaction would occur. However, silver reacts with hot and concentrated sulphuric acid to produce silver sulphate, sulphur dioxide, and water.
The equation of the reaction is as below:
silver + sulphuric acid --> silver sulphate + water + sulphur dioxide
\(2Ag(s) + 2 H_2SO_4(aq) -->Ag_2SO_4 (s) + 2 H_2O (l) + SO_2 (aq)\)
What are the most common types of buffer overflow attacks?
The most frequent form of buffer overflow attack, called a stack overflow, involves a buffer overflow in the top of the stack. This kind of attack targets information on the heap, an open memory pool.
Why do cybercriminals employ buffer overflow?When a hacker takes advantage of the code mistake to carry out a malicious action and breach the affected system, it is called a buffer overflow attack. The hacker changes the app's execution path and overwrites some of its memory.
What kind of attacks use buffer overflows?When more data is loaded into a fixed-length memory than the reader can hold, it overflows or overruns. which, by overflowing into neighboring memory space, corrupts or overwrites the data stored in that region, which must go someplace.
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What elegant has 2 valence electrons
Explanation:
Calcium is the element that has 2 valence electrons.
why handpicking is necessary after winnowing?
please mark as brainliest
This answers may help you
Identify the parts of the periodic table square somehow would be greatly appreciated
According to the given picture:
A represents the atomic number.
B represents the chemical symbol.
C represents the atomic mass.
D represents the name of the element.
A substantial imbalance between demand and response capability under conditions in which failure has important consequences refers to.
A substantial imbalance between demand and response capability under conditions in which failure has important consequences refers to STRESS. It may affect the functioning of a biological system.
Homeostasis and stressHomeostasis refers to the state of internal (steady) equilibrium, which is required for the normal functioning of a biological system.
Conversely, stress can be defined as any environmental factor (e.g., excessive temperature condition) which is directly affecting the normal functioning of an organism.
Stress may lead to the loss of the homeostatic state when conditions cannot be supported by the organism.
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you are asked to determine how many moles of water you can produce from 4.0 mol of hydrogen and excess oxygen. (excess oxygen means that so much oxygen is available it will not run out.) which of the numbers that appear in the balanced chemical equation below are used to perform this calculation?
We used both the hydrogen and water coefficients from the aforesaid solution (mole ratio).
Chemical Reaction
\(2H_{2}\) + \(O_{2}\) → \(2H_{2}O (Balanced)\)
Assuming moles of hydrogen are the limiting reactant, calculate the moles of water
\(moles H_{2}O = (4 moles H_{2} ) \frac{2moles H_{2}O }{2moles H_{2} } = 4 moles H_{2}O\)
What is Moles?
A substance's mass, which is made up of the same number of essential components, is measured in moles. A 12 gram example has atoms that are the same as 12C. The basic building blocks of a substance could be molecules, atoms, or formula units.
The quantity of chemical elements is indicated by the mole fraction. One mole of any substance has a value of 6.023 x 1023. (Avogadro number). The byproducts of the chemical reaction can be measured using it. The unit is denoted by the sign mol.
The following expression represents the number of moles formula
Number of moles = Mass of substance / Mass of one mole .
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If a gas in a closed container is pressurized from 15.0 atmospheres to 16.0
atmospheres and its original temperature was 298 degrees Kelvin, what
would the final temperature of the gas be?
Answer:
T₂ = 317.87 K
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial pressure = 15 atm
Final pressure = 16 atm
Initial temperature = 298 K
Final temperature = ?
Solution:
According to Gay-Lussac Law,
The pressure of given amount of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant volume and number of moles.
Mathematical relationship:
P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂
Now we will put the values in formula:
15 atm / 298K = 16 atm/T₂
T₂ = 16atm × 298 K / 15 atm
T₂ = 4768 atm. K / 15 atm
T₂ = 317.87 K
Which term is defined as the region in an atom where an electron is most likely to be
located?
1.
nucleus
2.
orbital
3.
quanta
4.
spectra
Answer:
"2.Orbital." I think
Explanation:
Risk*
If it takes 1.25 min for 0.010 mol of he to effuse, how long will it take for the same amount of ethane (c2h6) to effuse?
It will take 3.43 minutes for the same amount of ethane to effuse.
t(He) = 1.25 min; time of helium to effuse
M(He) = 4 g/mol; molar mass of helium
M(C₂H₆) = 30 g/mol; molar mass of ethane
rate of effusion of helium = 1/√M(He)
rate of effusion of helium = 1/√4
rate of effusion of helium = 0.5
rate of effusion of ethane = 1/√M(C₂H₆)
rate of effusion of ethane = 1/√30
rate of effusion of ethane = 0.182
rate of effusion of helium : rate of effusion of ethane = 0.5 : 0.182
rate of effusion of helium : rate of effusion of ethane = 2.74
t(C₂H₆) = 1.25 min × 2.74
t(C₂H₆) = 3.43 min
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Question ( please help me )
1 . Which diagram shows pure substance that are elements
2. Which diagram shows pure substance are compounds
3. Which diagram shows a mixture of compounds
4. Which diagram shows a mixture of elements
5. Which diagram shows a mixture of an element and a compound
Answer:
1. F, H, E
2. A, D, I
3. G
4. E, B, H
5. C
Explanation:
Convert 2500 meter / sec to mi/hr
Answer:
To convert m/sec into mi/hr, multiply the number by 2.236936 and then round off the answer to the required decimal places.
2500 ×2.236936
= 5592.34 mi/hr
Length of a year. 31,560,000.0 seconds = 3.156 X 10^7 seconds
How do I convert into scientific notation
Answer: 3.156 * 10^7
Explanation: I do not really understand your question. You answered it yourself!
Scientific notation shortens large numbers. The number right after the decimal point can only be between 1 and 9, which you did correctly. When converting to scientific notation, the exponent of ten is based on how many places you moved the decimal and the direction you moved it (left, positive; right, negative). In this case, the exponent of ten is a positive seven.
You did everything correctly :) Good job!
Picture is below! Thanks :)
Answer:
A compound is material formed by chemically bonding two or more chemical elements.And if it can be separated than you know that its a compound.
Explanation:
have a goooooooood day:)
Calculate the amount of heat produced when 58.5g of propanol, C3H7OH, burns in an excess of oxygen
To calculate the amount of heat produced when propanol burns in oxygen, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propanol.
What is the burns in an excess of oxygen?The balanced equation tells us that for every mole of propanol that reacts, 5 moles of oxygen are consumed and 3 moles of carbon dioxide and 4 moles of water are produced.
\(C3H7OH + 5O2 \rightarrow 3CO2 + 4H2O\)
To find the amount of heat produced, we need to use the standard enthalpy of formation values for the reactants and products in the balanced equation.
The standard enthalpy of formation is the heat change that occurs when one mole of a substance is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states at a given temperature and pressure.
Using the standard enthalpy of formation values, we can calculate the heat of reaction using the following equation:
\(\Delta H\) = ∑( \(\Delta H\) f° products) - ∑(\(\Delta H\)f° reactants)
Where \(\Delta H\) is the heat of reaction, and \(\Delta H\) If° is the standard enthalpy of formation of the respective substance.
For propanol, \(C_3H_7OH\) , the standard enthalpy of formation is \(-302.0 kJ/mol.\)
For carbon dioxide, \(CO_2\) , the standard enthalpy of formation is \(-393.5 kJ/mol.\)
For water, \(H_2O\) , the standard enthalpy of formation is \(-285.8 kJ/mol.\)
Since we have \(58.5g\) of propanol, we can first calculate the number of moles of propanol:
\(n = m/M\)
where m is the mass of propanol and M is its molar mass.
M(C3H7OH) \(= 3(12.01 g/mol) + 8(1.01 g/mol) + 1(16.00 g/mol) = 60.10 g/moln = 58.5 g / 60.10 g/mol = 0.974 mol\)
From the balanced equation, we know that \(0.974 mol\) of propanol reacts with 5 times that amount, or \(4.87 mol\) of oxygen.
Using the standard enthalpy of formation values, we can calculate the heat of reaction:
ΔH \(= (3 mol CO2 × -393.5 kJ/mol CO2) + (4 mol H2O × -285.8 kJ/mol H2O) - (1 mol C3H7OH × -302.0 kJ/mol C3H7OH)= -2220.7 kJ\)
Therefore, the heat produced when \(58.5 g\) of propanol burns in excess oxygen is - \(2220.7 kJ\), or approximately \(-2.22 × 10^3 kJ\) . Note that the negative sign indicates that the reaction is exothermic, meaning that heat is released during the reaction.
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What is the difference between nuclear mass and atomic mass?.
What is the molarity of a solution that has 3.5 moles of NaOH dissolved in 8.50 liters of solution?
Answer
Molarity (C) = 0.41 mol/L
Explanation
Given:
Number of moles = 3.5 moles
Volume = 8.50 L
Required: Molarity of the solution
Solution
To solve for molarity, you can use the following equation
\(C\text{ = }\frac{n}{V}\)Where C is the concentration or molarity, n is the number of moles and V is the volume of the solution.
C = 3.5 mol/8.50 L
C = 0.41 mol/L
Hydrated sodium tetraborate is heated
to drive off the water. You find there are
0.01312 mol Na2B4O7 and 0.1311 mol
H2O in the sample. What is the formula
of the hydrate?
A. Na2B4O7 H₂O
B. Na2B4O7 2H₂O
C. Na2B4O7-10H₂O
D. Na2B4O7-13H₂O
Answer: C. Na2B4O7•10H2O
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
The formula is tetrasodium borate-Na2B4O7.10H2O
Given- 0.0132 mol Na2B4O7 and 0.1311 mol H2O
Step 1Using the molar mass of the anhydrous Na2B4O7 and its mass percentage, we can calculate the molar mass of the hydrate (if we look at it as 100% of the mass) by stoichiometry.
Molar mass of Na = (22.990 g/mol)
Molar mass of B = (10.811 g/mol)
Molar mass of O = (15.999 g/mol)
Molar mass of Na2B4O7= 2⋅22.990 g/mol +4⋅10.811 g/mol +7⋅15.999 g/mol = 201.217 g/mol
201.217g/mol : 52.8%=x g/mol : 100%
x g/mol = 201.217 g/mol⋅100%÷52.8 %
x g/mol= 381.093 g/mol
Step 2In 381.093 g of hydrate, we have 201.217 g of anhydrous Na2B4O7 , the rest of the mass is water.
381.093g−201.217g= 179.876 g of water
Molar mass of H = 1.008 g/mol
Molar mass of O = 15.999 g/mol
Molar mass of H2O= 1.008 g/mol+ 15.999g/mol = 18.015 g/mol
179.876g ÷18.015 = 9.98= 10 moles of water per mole of hydrate.
A published hypothesis:
A: does not need to be tested
B: becomes a scientific law
C: should be tested by the scientific community
D: is accepted by the scientific community
Answer:
C
Explanation:
I hypothesis needs to be tested to know whether it is true or not. Here is the definition:
A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of *limited evidence as a started point for further investigation*