Over what ph range will 3.5 m nahc2o4 and 1.8 m na2c2o4 solution be an effective buffer ? (ka1 = 5.6x10-2 and ka2 = 5.4x10-5)

Answer:

127,236 kj of heat

Explanation:

This is the final answer

a. Example of physical change: Melting of ice

Example of chemical change: Burning of paper

b. Example of physical property: Density of a substance

Example of chemical property: Reactivity of a substance

a. A known example of a physical change is the change of state of water. When water is heated, it undergoes a physical change from a solid state (ice) to a liquid state (water) and further to a gaseous state (water vapor). The chemical composition of water remains the same throughout these changes, and only the arrangement and energy of the water molecules change.

On the other hand, a known example of a chemical change is the combustion of wood. When wood is burned, it undergoes a chemical change where the molecules of wood react with oxygen from the air to produce carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other combustion products. The chemical composition of wood is altered during this process, and new substances are formed.

b. Physical properties are characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition. For example, the physical properties of water include its boiling point, melting point, density, color, and transparency. These properties describe how water behaves and reacts under different conditions, but they do not involve any changes in its chemical identity.

Chemical properties, on the other hand, describe the ability of a substance to undergo chemical changes and react with other substances. For example, the ability of iron to rust when exposed to oxygen and moisture is a chemical property. It involves a chemical reaction where iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide.

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The four complementary characteristics of colligative properties that a solution can display are an increase in boiling point, a decrease in freezing point, a relative decrease in vapor pressure, and an increase in osmotic pressure.

What are colligative properties?

Some characteristics of diluted solutions containing non-volatile solutes depend only on the quantity of solute particles present and not on the solute type. Collaborative qualities are what these traits are known as. Most frequently, diluted solutions exhibit these characteristics.

Collaborative properties can also be defined as those that result from the dissolution of a non-volatile solute in a volatile solvent. Typically, the solute alters the characteristics of the solvent by removing some of the solvent molecules from the liquid phase. Additionally, the concentration of the solvent is reduced as a result of this.

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Answer:

The total energy to break all the bonds in 1 mole of 1-propanol, C₃H₈O, is 4411 kJ/mol

Explanation:

We note that propanol, C₃H₈O is also known as 1-propanol is written as follows;

CH₃CH₂CH₂OH which gives

CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-OH

Hence, the total number of bonds are;

C-H Bonds = 3 + 2 + 2 = 7

C-O Bonds = 1

O-H Bond = 1

C-C Bonds = 2

The bond energies are as follows;

C-H Bonds = 413 kJ/mol

C-O Bonds = 358 kJ/mol

O-H Bond = 468 kJ/mol

C-C Bonds = 347 kJ/mol

Energy required to break the bonds in 1-propanol is therefore;

C-H Bonds = 413 kJ/mol × 7 = 2,891 kJ/mol

C-O Bonds = 358 kJ/mol × 1 = 358 kJ/mol

O-H Bond = 468 kJ/mol × 1 = 468 kJ/mol

C-C Bonds = 347 kJ/mol × 2 = 694 kJ/mol

The total energy to break all the bonds in 1 mole of 1-propanol = 4411 kJ/mol.

This problem is providing us with the end of the electron configuration an element as s²p⁴ and asks for the most commonly formed ion. At the end, the answer is b Y²⁻.

In chemistry, when analyzing electron configurations, one must first take into account how the energy levels must be filled with electrons.

Now, note the problem states that the electron configuration ends by s²p⁴, which means it is closer to complete the octet so it needs two electrons in order to do so, as it behaves as a nonmetal.

Therefore, the most commonly ion formed by this element is Y²⁻, because of the fact that it needs two electrons to complete the octet and thus become chemically stable and likely to bond with a metal.

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The pressure of the gas inside the cylinder is 52.90 atm

Given is the number of moles of gas, the temperature and the volume of the gas and we need to find the pressure of the gas inside the cylinder, for this we can use the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = Pressure of the gas (in units of pressure, such as atm)

V = Volume of the gas (in liters)

n = Number of moles of the gas

R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T = Temperature of the gas (in Kelvin)

First, let's convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

T = 25.0 °C + 273.15 = 298.15 K

Now we can substitute the values into the ideal gas law equation:

P × 12.5 L = 27.0 moles × 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) × 298.15 K

Simplifying the equation:

P × 12.5 L = 661.2587 L·atm

Dividing both sides by 12.5 L:

P = 661.2587 L·atm / 12.5 L

P ≈ 52.90 atm

Therefore, the pressure of the gas inside the cylinder is approximately 52.90 atm.

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We can use the ideal gas law equation to determine the pressure of a gas within a cylinder:

PV = nRT

Where:

P is the pressure of the gas (in units of pressure, such as atm)

V is the volume of the gas (in units of volume, such as liters)

n is the number of moles of the gas

R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T is the temperature of the gas (in units of temperature, such as Kelvin)

we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15

T(K) = 25.0 °C + 273.15

T(K) = 298.15 K

Now we can plug the data into the ideal gas law equation as follows:

P * 12.5 L = 27.0 moles * 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) * 298.15 K

Simplifying the equation:

P = (27.0 moles * 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) * 298.15 K) / 12.5 L

Calculating the pressure:

P ≈ 5.046 atm

As a result, the gas inside the cylinder is under a pressure of about 5.046 atm.

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The equilibrium concentrations are 0.247 M for CH4 and CCl4, and 0.254 M for CH2Cl2.

The equilibrium constant, Kc, is given by the expression:

Kc = [CH2Cl2]² / ([CH4] [CCl4])

We are given the initial concentrations of CH4 and CCl4:

[CH4] = 0.374 M
[CCl4] = 0.374 M

Let x be the change in concentration at equilibrium. The equilibrium concentrations can be expressed as:

[CH4] = 0.374 - x
[CCl4] = 0.374 - x
[CH2Cl2] = 2x

Substituting these values into the expression for Kc, we get:

9.52×10-2 = (2x)² / ((0.374 - x) (0.374 - x))

Solving for x, we get:

x = 0.127 M

Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations are:

[CH4] = 0.374 - 0.127 = 0.247 M
[CCl4] = 0.374 - 0.127 = 0.247 M
[CH2Cl2] = 2(0.127) = 0.254 M

Answer: The equilibrium concentrations are 0.247 M for CH4 and CCl4, and 0.254 M for CH2Cl2.

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Answer:

d. forced migration

Explanation:

Certain hazardous occurrences affect living organisms in their natural habitat. One of those occurrences is forest fire. Forest fire or vegetation fire is an uncontrollable break out of fire in a vegetation, affecting the inhabitants of the area.

The occurrence of a forest fire will lead to a forced migration of organisms from their natural habitat. Animals and other mobile organisms will be forced to leave behind their devastating habitat and migrate to a less threatened area in order to survive.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The guy above is correct but I’m saying this for those who don’t want an explanation

A man have to get their friend bond with someone they like a lot closer. Then, if the man is ready to confess his feeling, try buying his love of his life their favorite flower or favorite candy/food.

hope this help-(even though im a girl ;v;)

The coordination complex [Zn(en)F2] can exist as geometric isomers.

Geometric isomerism is a term used that concerns spatial arrangement of atoms within molecules. Geometric isomers are two or more coordination compounds which have the same number and types of atoms and bonds but which have different spatial arrangements of atoms.

Geometric isomers differ in the arrangement of ligands in space around a central metal ion. There is no optical isomerism because the complex does not have a chiral center, and it does not have linkage isomers because all the ligands are identical. It does not have coordination isomers because there is only one type of ligand, ethylenediamine (en), coordinating to the metal ion.

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Answer:

Observation

Explanation:

In chemistry a chemist conducts an experiment and he/she concludes some points and arranges information about his/her experiment can be called observation or result

Organizing information in a meaningful way is an example of good management and the proper establishment of the research parameters.

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Only 0.015 l of a 0.880 m barium nitrate solution and 0.024 l of a 1.36 m potassium sulfate sample are available for mixing. The precipitate  BaSO₄ has a mass of 2.52 g after being centrifuged, collected, and dried. The percent yield is about 81.8%, and the theoretical yield is 3.08 g.

To calculate the theoretical yield and percent yield, we first need to determine the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the one that is completely consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.

Let's calculate the moles of barium nitrate (Ba(NO₃)₂) and potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄) using their respective concentrations and volumes:

Moles of Ba(NO₃)₂ = 0.015 L × 0.880 mol/L = 0.0132 mol

Moles of K₂SO₄ = 0.024 L × 1.36 mol/L = 0.03264 mol

Now, we can compare the moles of the two reactants to determine the limiting reactant.

Ba(NO₃)₂:K₂SO₄ ratio = 0.0132 mol : 0.03264 mol ≈ 1 : 2.47

Since the ratio is approximately 1:2.47, it means that Ba(NO₃)₂ is the limiting reactant. Therefore, the amount of BaSO₄ formed will be determined by the moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.

To calculate the theoretical yield of BaSO₄, we need to convert the moles of Ba(NO₃)₂ to grams of BaSO₄ using the molar mass:

Molar mass of BaSO₄ = 137.33 g/mol (from periodic table)

Theoretical yield of BaSO₄ = 0.0132 mol × 233.39 g/mol = 3.08 g

Now, we can calculate the percent yield by dividing the actual yield (2.52 g) by the theoretical yield (3.08 g) and multiplying by 100:

\(\begin{equation}\text{Percent yield} = \frac{2.52 \text{ g}}{3.08 \text{ g}} \times 100\% \approx 81.8\%\)

Therefore, the theoretical yield is 3.08 g and the percent yield is approximately 81.8%.

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The mass of Zr(s) plated out during this process is approximately 2.673 grams.

To determine the mass of Zr(s) plated out in this electrolytic cell, we need to use Faraday's laws of electrolysis, which relate the amount of substance produced or consumed in an electrolytic cell to the amount of electricity passed through the cell.

The first law states that the amount of substance produced or consumed at an electrode is directly proportional to the amount of electricity passed through the cell, which can be expressed as:

m = (Q * M) / (n * F)

where:

m is the mass of substance produced or consumed

Q is the electric charge passed through the cell, which is equal to the current (I) multiplied by the time (t): Q = I * t

M is the molar mass of the substance

n is the number of electrons transferred in the electrochemical reaction

F is the Faraday constant, which is equal to the charge on one mole of electrons, approximately 96485 C/mol.

In this case, \(Zr^{4+}\) is reduced to Zr(s) by the gain of 4 electrons, so n = 4. The molar mass of Zr is approximately 91.22 g/mol. Substituting the given values into the equation, we get:

m = (Q * M) / (n * F)

m = (4.98 A * 5.88 h * 3600 s/h * 91.22 g/mol) / (4 * 96485 C/mol)

m = 2.673 g

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Answer:B

Explanation:

Silver tarnishes when exposed to oxygen and dihydrogen monosulfide. If a silver spoon has 0.0030 moles of tarnish on it, 0.0012 moles of H₂S was it exposed.

The term mole is defined as the amount of substance containing 6.023 × 10²³ particles.

1 mol = 6.023 × 10²³ particles.

1. 2 moles of H₂S = 2 moles of 2Ag₂S silver sulphide

2. 0.0012 moles ∙ (2 moles H₂S / 2 moles Ag₂S)

= 0.0012 H₂S

Thus, Silver tarnishes when exposed to oxygen and dihydrogen monosulfide. If a silver spoon has 0.0030 moles of tarnish on it, 0.0012 moles of H₂S was it exposed.

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The compound is named 2,3-dibromo-2,4-hexadienedioic acid, which consists of a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds.

The line-angle formula describes a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds. To name the compound, we need to consider the functional groups and substituents present.

The carboxylic acid group, -COOH, is attached to the first vertex of the ring. This group is named as "hexanedioic acid" because it contains six carbon atoms in a linear chain. The prefix "hexa-" indicates the presence of six carbons, and the suffix "-dioic acid" denotes the presence of two carboxylic acid groups.

The bromine atom, represented by "Br," is attached to the third vertex in a clockwise direction. Since there are two bromine atoms present, the prefix "di-" is used. Thus, the compound is named "dibromo-hexanedioic acid."

To specify the positions of the bromine atoms, we start numbering the ring from the vertex where the carboxylic acid group is attached, which is the first vertex. Moving clockwise, the second vertex has a double bond, the third vertex has a bromine atom, and the fourth vertex has a double bond. Therefore, the compound is named as "2,3-dibromo-2,4-hexadienedioic acid." The numbers indicate the positions of the substituents in the ring.

In summary, the compound is named 2,3-dibromo-2,4-hexadienedioic acid, which represents a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds, a carboxylic acid group attached to the first vertex, and a bromine atom attached to the third vertex in a clockwise direction.

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

Given:

Temperature (T1) = 22°C

Pressure (P1) = 0.98

Volume (V1) = 5.8 ml

New Temperature (T2) = 45°C

New Pressure (P2) = 0.613

New Volume (V2) = 10 ml

Computation:

P1V1 / T1 = P2V2/ T2

(0.98)(5.8) / (22) = (0.613)(10) / (45)

0.258 = 0.136

So,

False

Harley Davidson, Vespa, Benelli, Aprilla, and Bimota

25.14 mL of 1.420 M NaOH solution is needed to titrate 25.00 mL of a 1.500 M H₃PO₄ solution.

Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a solution (the analyte) by reacting it with a solution of known concentration (the titrant). The goal of titration is to add the titrant to the analyte until the reaction is complete, at which point the concentration of the analyte can be calculated from the volume and concentration of the titrant used.

To determine the volume of NaOH solution required to titrate the given solutions, we can use the following equation:

M(acid) x V(acid) = M(base) x V(base)

where V represents volume and M represents molarity.

(a) To titrate 25.00 mL of a 2.430 M HCl solution with NaOH, we need to determine the volume of 1.420 M NaOH required to react completely with the HCl.

From the equation above, we can write:

2.430 M x 25.00 mL = 1.420 M x V(base)

V(base) = (2.430 M x 25.00 mL) / 1.420 M = 42.96 mL

Therefore, 42.96 mL of 1.420 M NaOH solution is needed to titrate 25.00 mL of a 2.430 M HCl solution.

(b) To titrate 25.00 mL of a 4.500 M H₂SO₄ solution with NaOH, we can use the same equation:

4.500 M x 25.00 mL = 1.420 M x V(base)

V(base) = (4.500 M x 25.00 mL) / 1.420 M = 79.58 mL

Therefore, 79.58 mL of 1.420 M NaOH solution is required to titrate 25.00 mL of a 4.500 M H₂SO₄ solution.

(c) To titrate 25.00 mL of a 1.500 M H₃PO₄ solution with NaOH, we use the same equation:

1.500 M x 25.00 mL = 1.420 M x V(base)

V(base) = (1.500 M x 25.00 mL) / 1.420 M = 25.14 mL

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Answer:

A. Br

Explanation:

Atomic radius increases down the group. As the increase in the attractive force of the nucleus increases owing to increase in the size of its positive charges, extra electrons are added to the shells to more than counterbalance this effect down the group hence the atomic radius becomes larger. Iodine has a larger atomic radius than bromine.

Secondly, the ionic radius of a negative ion is greater than its corresponding atomic radius since a negative ion is formed by adding a negative charge (electron) to the atom thus making it bigger. Hence the radius of I^- is greater than that of Br^-.

This means that Br atom must possess the smallest radius among the options listed.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Br-

Answer:

Approximately \(0.08\; \rm mol\), assuming that this gas is an ideal gas.

Explanation:

Look up the standard room temperature and pressure:\(25\; \rm ^{\circ}C\) and \(P = 101.325 \; \rm kPa\).

The question states that the volume of this gas is \(V = 2\; \rm dm^{3}\).

Convert the unit of all three measures to standard units:

\(\begin{aligned} T &= 25\; \rm ^{\circ}C \\ &= (25 + 273.15)\; \rm K \\ &= 293.15\; \rm K\end{aligned}\).

\(\begin{aligned}P &= 101.325\; \rm kPa \\ &= 101.325 \; \rm kPa \times \frac{10^{3}\; \rm Pa}{1\; \rm kPa} \\ &= 1.01325 \times 10^{5}\; \rm Pa\end{aligned}\).

\(\begin{aligned}V &= 2\; \rm dm^{3} \\ &= 2 \; \rm dm^{3} \times \frac{1\; \rm m^{3}}{10^{3}\; \rm dm^{3}} \\ &= 2 \times 10^{-3}\; \rm m^{3}\end{aligned}\).

Look up the ideal gas constant in the corresponding units: \(R \approx 8.31\; \rm m^{3}\cdot Pa \cdot mol^{-1} \cdot K^{-1}\).

Let \(n\) denote the number of moles of this gas in that \(V = 2\; \rm dm^{3}\). By the ideal gas law, if this gas is an ideal gas, then the following equation would hold:

\(P \cdot V = n \cdot R \cdot T\).

Rearrange this equation and solve for \(n\):

\(\begin{aligned}n &= \frac{P \cdot V}{R \cdot T} \\ &\approx \frac{1.01325 \times 10^{5}\; {\rm Pa} \times 2 \times 10^{-3}\; {\rm m^{3}}}{8.31 \; {\rm m^{3} \cdot Pa \cdot mol^{-1} \cdot K^{-1}} \times 293.15\; {\rm K}} \\ &\approx 0.08\; \rm mol\end{aligned}\).

In other words, there is approximately \(2\; \rm mol\) of this gas in that \(V = 2\; \rm dm^{3}\).

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The number of the molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze the polymer that is ten monomers long is the 9 molecules of water.

A polymer can be defined as the macromolecule which is essentially is the combination of the many subunits. The Polymers will be break down into the monomers is called as the hydrolysis of the polymer, which is the reaction in which the water molecule will be  utilize during the breakdown.

One water molecule is use to break the each bond present between the two adjacent monomers in the  polymer during the hydrolysis. The ten-monomer of the long polymer that comprises the nine bonds because the two adjacent monomers are joined through the bond. Therefore, the nine water molecules are required to hydrolyze the ten monomers long polymer.

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The relationship between solute polarity and Rf values in silica-gel TLC is that as solute polarity increases, the Rf value decreases.

The relationship between solute polarity and Rf values in silica-gel TLC is inversely proportional. Rf value, or retention factor, is a measure of how far a solute travels on a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate relative to the solvent front. In TLC, the stationary phase is the silica gel coated on the plate, while the mobile phase is the solvent that moves up the plate.

Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charges within a molecule. Polar solutes have a positive and negative end, while nonpolar solutes have a more even distribution of charges. Silica gel, being a polar adsorbent, attracts polar solutes more strongly than nonpolar solutes.

When a polar solute is spotted on the TLC plate, it interacts more with the polar silica gel, leading to a slower migration up the plate. As a result, the Rf value of a polar solute is lower compared to a nonpolar solute. Conversely, nonpolar solutes have weaker interactions with the polar silica gel, allowing them to migrate faster and have higher Rf values.

This relationship holds true because polar solutes form stronger adsorbent-solute interactions, resulting in slower migration and lower Rf values. On the other hand, nonpolar solutes experience weaker interactions, leading to faster migration and higher Rf values.

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Solute s has a distribution constant of 5. 0 between water (phase 1) and hexane (phase 2), then the concentration of solute s in hexane if [s]water is 0. 011 m is 0.055m.

It is defined as the ratio of the concentration of solute in two immiscible ( or slightly miscible liquid) in two solids, when they are in equilibrium across the interface between them.

It is defined as the ratio of number of moles of compound to the volume of compound.

Solute S has a partition coefficient of 5 between water and hexane

Partition coefficient Kd = 5.0

Now we calculate the concentration of S in hexane

[hexane]/[water] = Kd

[Hexane]= 5.0 × (water)

[Hexane] = 5 × (0. 011)

[Hexane] = 0.055 m

Thus, we found that the concentration of solute of hexane if water is 0.011m is 0.055m.

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Answer: Synthesis

Explanation: water and sulphur trioxide combine to form sulphuric

Given :

Gold is selling at $475/ounce.

To Find :

How many milligrams of gold could you buy for 100 dollars.

16 oz=  1 lb

1 lb = 454 gm

Solution :

Price per mg is :

\(P=\dfrac{475}{\dfrac{1}{16}\ lb}\\\\\\P=\dfrac{475}{\dfrac{1}{6}\times 454\times 1000\ mg}\\\\\\P=\$0.00627 /mg\)

So,  milligrams of gold could you buy for 100 dollars is :

\(Q=\dfrac{100}{0.00627}\ mg\\\\Q=15948.96\ mg\)

Hence, this is the required solution.

Answer:

Percent error = 12.5%

Explanation:

In a measurement you can find percent error following the formula:

Percent error = |Measured value - Accepted Value| / Acepted value * 100

Based on the data of the problem, accepted value is 22.4L and the measured Value (Value of Sara) was 19.6L.

Replacing:

Percent error = |Measured value - Accepted Value| / Acepted value * 100

Percent error = |19.6L - 22.4L| / 22.4L * 100

Percent error = |-2.8L| / 22.4L * 100

Percent error = 2.8L / 22.4L * 100

Percent error = 12.5%

The expansion of plasma—a clump of charged particles—from the sun corona produces the solar wind (outermost atmosphere).

The solar wind is a stream of energetic, charged particles, principally protons and electrons, traveling across the solar system from the Sun at speeds of up to 900 km/s and a temperature of one million degrees (Celsius). It is created from plasma.

A stream of powerful particles that the Sun ejects is known as the solar wind. These include the hydrogen electrons and protons as well as atomic nuclei such as helium, collectively known as alpha particles. Additionally, "heavy ions" and the atomic nuclei of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, and magnesium can be found in trace amounts.

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