organisms with spiny skin that exhibit pentaradial symmetry as adults, and have an endoskeleton made of calcium carbonate plates, make up what phylum?

The rib cage is called the thorax in anatomy.

The thorax is a bony cage located in the upper part of the torso that serves as a protective barrier for the vital organs in the chest, such as the heart and lungs. It is composed of the rib bones, which are connected to the vertebral column in the back, and the sternum in the front. The rib cage bones form a complete circular structure around the chest and the thorax protects the important organs, while also providing attachment points for the muscles used in breathing and movement. The thorax is an essential component of the human body and plays a vital role in maintaining the structure and function of the upper torso.

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Answer:

A - The fact that the bone structures are similar supports the concept that the animals shared a common ancestor.

Explanation:

Homologous structures refer organs which are similar in structure which are derived from ancestors of similar species.

Answer:

Enzymes are a protein in nature and are made when amino acid links together in the correct sequence.

Cleansing processes are essential for the removal of pollutants from water bodies. Two common cleansing processes are dilution and bacterial biodegradation. However, these processes have limitations and cannot eliminate all types of pollutants effectively.

Dilution is the process of adding clean water to the polluted water to reduce the concentration of pollutants. While this method can be effective, it requires a large amount of clean water and cannot work if the flow of water is diverted or if the concentration of pollutants is too high.Bacterial biodegradation involves the breakdown of pollutants by bacteria, which can take time and require optimal conditions for effective degradation. This process cannot eliminate slowly degradable or non-biodegradable pollutants effectively.

The oxygen sag curve is a graphical representation of the depletion of dissolved oxygen in water bodies due to the breakdown of biodegradable wastes by bacteria. As the concentration of biodegradable wastes increases, more bacteria are present to break them down, leading to an increased demand for oxygen. This can result in a depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water body, which can negatively impact aquatic life.

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Answer:

The mirror is glass with one side silvery backing produces an image by reflection on only one surface. The lens is a transparent substance that produces images by refraction in any surface of the two surfaces. It can be plane or curved.

Explanation:

Answer: The mirror is a device based on the principle of reflection whereas the lens is based on the principle of refraction.

Answer:

Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biosphere

Explanation:

Organism: Survival & Reproduction; the unit of natural selection

Population: Population dynamics; the unit of evolution

Community: Interactions among populations

Ecosystem: Energy Flux & cycling of nutrients

Biosphere: Global Process

1.88 nano coulombs of charge enter a 2.1 cm length of the axon during this process.

From the given statement, it can be stated that during the inflow part of this cycle, approximately 5.6 × 10¹¹ Na (sodium ions) per meter, each with charge e, enter the axon. To find the amount of charge entering a 2.1 cm length of the axon, we need to convert the length into meters.

1 cm = 10^-2m

2.1cm = 2.1 × 10^-2m

Now, charge on each ion = e = 1.6 × 10^-19C

The total number of ions that enter the 2.1 cm length of the axon

= 5.6 × 10¹¹ ions/m × 2.1 × 10^-2 m= 1.176 × 10^10 ions

The total charge that enters the axon = Total number of ions × charge on each ion

= 1.176 × 10^10 ions × 1.6 × 10^-19C/ion

= 1.8816 × 10^-9C ≈ 1.88 n C

= 1.88 × 10^3 n C (in nanocoulombs

Therefore, 1.88 nano coulombs of charge enter a 2.1 cm length of the axon during this process.

Part A: We are given the charges of two equal point charges and we are to calculate the magnitude of force each charge exerts on the other and whether the force is attractive or repulsive. The magnitude of the force between two point charges q1 and q2 separated by a distance r is given by Coulomb's law:

F = k(q1 q2 /r²),

where k = 9 × 10^9 Nm²/C² is Coulomb's constant.

Given that two charges are equal and have a value of +3.20 × 10^-4 C.

The distance between the charges is given as 0.185 in, which is equal to 0.004699 m (since 1 inch = 0.0254 m).

Plugging these values in the formula, we get:

F = kq1 q2 /r²

F = (9 × 10^9 Nm²/C²) × (+3.20 × 10^-4 C) ² / (0.004699 m) ²

F = 2.28 × 10^-2 N

The magnitude of the force exerted by each charge on the other is 2.28 × 10^-2 N.

Part B: The charges are both positive and of the same sign, therefore the force between them is repulsive.

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Before converting protein to glucose or fat, the amino group must be removed.

Proteins are composed of amino acids, and when the body needs energy, it can convert proteins into glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis or into fat through lipogenesis. However, before proteins can be utilized in these metabolic pathways, the amino group \((-NH_2)\) needs to be removed. This process is called deamination.

Deamination occurs primarily in the liver. The liver enzymes remove the amino group from the amino acids, resulting in the formation of ammonia \((NH_3)\). However, ammonia is toxic to the body, so the liver converts it into a less toxic substance called urea. Urea is then transported to the kidneys and excreted from the body through urine.

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Answer:

Its early life form. I got it right

Explanation:

Answer: Its B because Arteries deliver oxygenated blood to the capillaries, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Just took the test

When two glucose molecules join, the chemical reaction is called dehydration synthesis. This is an important process in making disaccharides and polysaccharides. During dehydration synthesis, the OH on one glucose molecule and H on another are removed, exposing the bonding sites of the two molecules. the process gets its name because 2 glucose molecules lose their Water (Dehydration) and the become a new molecule..

Answer:

Explanation:

0.35

The maximum population growth if the population grows 283 in one year is : 13.2%

Maximum population growth is the percentage change in the size of the population of a habitat in a given year.

Caring capacity = 400 birds

Initial population at the start of the year = 250 birds

Number of birds added = 283 birds

population growth rate =  ( 283 - 250 ) / 250  * 100

                                       = 0.132 * 100 = 13.2 %

Hence the maximum population growth rate if the population grows 283 in one year is 13.2%

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Hi there!

The mass of an object stays constant no matter where it is. Therefore, the mass of an object as it moves away from the center of the earth stays the same.

I hope this helps! Let me know if I can clarify.

Answer:

Cell walls in some plants

Organisms found in the kingdom Animalia are characteristic of these non-unicellular organisms.

Organisms in the kingdom Animalia are characterized by being multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic, and lacking cell walls. They obtain their energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms. This distinguishes them from the producers or autotrophs, such as plants and algae, which can synthesize their own food through photosynthesis.

Animalia is one of the five kingdoms of life, and it includes a wide variety of organisms, from microscopic invertebrates to complex vertebrates. The multicellular nature of animals allows for the differentiation of specialized tissues and organs, which perform specific functions within the body. This specialization enables animals to carry out complex processes, such as digestion, respiration, circulation, and reproduction.

In summary, being multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic, and lacking cell walls are the key characteristics that define the organisms in the kingdom Animalia, while unicellularity is not a feature of this group.

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Option 4 is the accurate list of three separate geologic characteristics that assist geologists identify the relative ages of fossils rocks based on their position: "index fossils, intrusions, and cross-cutting connections."

Geologists utilize index fossils to establish the age of rocks. These fossils are valuable because they include the remnants of certain species that scientists can link to a specific fossils historical period, providing indications as to the age of the rocks that surround them.

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Answer:

post the image first then ask

Answer:

%50

Explanation:

Heterozygous = 2 different alleles (Tt)

4 leaf clover = 2 recessive alleles (tt)

T is dominant over t, so with the combination of Tt three leaves are expressed, rather than four leaves

For a recessive trait (four leaves) to show 2 recessive alleles are needed

To find the percentage of the offspring to have four leaves a punnet square should be created

To find the percentage divide the number of four leaf offering with 4 and multiply by 100

2÷4×100=50

= 50%

The behavior of fully committing to the group at the expense of an individual member’s needs is called altruism.

When we take actions to advance the welfare of others, even at risk or expense to ourselves, we are being altruistic. A generous and altruistic person engages in or displays altruistic behavior when they care about the welfare of others. However, many of our society's most significant institutions the fine arts, NGOs, and humanitarian charities rely on the generosity of affluent people with altruistic motives.

Avoiding actions that could benefit you personally if they would cost others. sacrificing oneself or taking a risk to assist someone. Even in times of scarcity, share resources. demonstrating care for the welfare of another person.

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The force with which a 4 kg ball hits a wall is 8 N.

The force with which a 4 kg ball hits a wall is calculated by applying Newton's second law of motion as follows;

F = ma

where;

acceleration is the change in velocity of object with time;

a = (v - u)/t

where;

F = m (v - u )/t

F = 4 (10 - 0 ) / 5

F = (40)/5

F = 8 N

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Percentage of the population are carriers for the white allele 0.20%

The frequency of the dominant (regular) allele in the populace (p) is certainly 1 - zero.02 = 0.ninety eight (or ninety eight%). the share of heterozygous individuals (providers) within the population. answer: due to the fact that 2pq equals the frequency of heterozygotes or providers, then the equation can be as follows: 2pq = (2)(. ninety eight)(.Aug 21, 2000

Allele frequency. variety of times an allele happens in a gene pool as compared with the wide variety of alleles in that pool for the identical gene. An allele is considered one of  or greater variations of DNA series (a single base or a section of bases) at a given genomic region. An individual inherits two alleles, one from every parent, for any given genomic area where such version exists. If the 2 alleles are the same, the person is homozygous for that allele.

explanation:-

P² + 2PQ + Q² =1

P + Q =1

Q = 1 -1/882

FREQUENCY = 0.998

therefore frequency of Westeros = 1-0.998

                                                        = 0.002

Hence, percentage = 0.002 *100 = 0.20%   answer

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The true statement about electrons as they move through the electron-transport chain is that they start out at very high energy and lose energy at each transfer step along the electron-transport chain. The correct option is D.

The electron transport chain is a set of proteins embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It transports electrons from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide, which are created in the Krebs cycle.

Electrons are released from NADH and FADH2 and passed through a series of protein complexes, which pump protons into the intermembrane space, resulting in an electrochemical gradient. Electrons are transferred from high-energy to low-energy states at each transfer point in the chain, resulting in energy being released. This energy is used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane, generating an electrochemical gradient that is used to produce ATP.

Electrons start out at a high energy level, and as they move along the electron transport chain, they lose energy at each transfer step. The electron transport chain is designed to release energy from high-energy molecules like NADH and FADH2, and this energy is used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane, resulting in an electrochemical gradient that can generate ATP.

As electrons move through the chain, they become more stable and lose energy in the form of heat, and this energy is used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane. As a result, the energy is used to generate ATP, which is used to fuel cellular processes.

Thus, D is the correct option.

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Answer:

capsid

When found outside of host cells, viruses exist as a protein coat or capsid, sometimes enclosed within a membrane. The capsid encloses either DNA or RNA which codes for the virus elements. While in this form outside the cell, the virus is metabollically inert; examples of such forms are pictured below.

Explanation:

Answer:

the easter island. water receded which caused the grass to dry killing plants and making it a bare and dry island.

Answer:

carbon dioxide

your welcome