One way that scientists ensure that data are reliable is through

Answer:

acid; there ph value is mostly 7

base: there ph value can be more than 7 or less than 7

Answer:

The more towards 0 a pH value is, the increasingly acidic. Conversely, the more towards 14 a pH value is, the increasingly alkaline. Some examples of bases are lye, ammonia, and seawater. Some examples of acids are vinegar, lemon juice, and battery acid. To determine the pH of a liquid, you can use pH strips. Depending on the color (the redder the more acidic, the bluer the more alkaline), you can determine the pH of whatever you are trying to measure.

Explanation:

The water eventually is released to the atmosphere as vapor via the plant's stomata — tiny, closeable, pore-like structures on the surfaces of leaves. Overall, this uptake of water at the roots, transport of water through plant tissues, and release of vapor by leaves is known as transpiration

Through transpiration, plants move enormous quantities of water from the soil to the air.

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor through small openings called stomata in their leaves. Water is taken up by the roots from the soil and transported to the leaves through the xylem vessels. Once in the leaves, water evaporates from the surface of the cells and exits through the stomata into the surrounding air.

This continuous loss of water through transpiration creates a pulling force, known as the transpiration pull or tension, which helps to draw water upward from the roots. As water molecules evaporate from the leaves, more water is pulled up through the plant's vascular system to replace the lost water.

Transpiration not only aids in the transport of water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant, but it also plays a crucial role in regulating the plant's temperature, maintaining cell turgidity, and facilitating the movement of minerals within the plant.

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Step 4 is a necessary part of the reaction process because it occurs in basic solution. In basic solution, the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) is higher than the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+).

This means that any species that is present in the reaction, including the reactants and products, will interact with the hydroxide ions in some way.

In the specific reaction being referred to, step 4 involves the addition of hydroxide ions to a particular molecule in order to create a more stable product. Without this step, the reaction would not proceed as efficiently or effectively. Therefore, step 4 is an essential component of the overall reaction mechanism.

Since the reaction takes place in a basic environment, it is necessary to add a hydroxide ion (OH-) to the reaction in order to maintain the required pH level. This step typically involves balancing the equation by adding hydroxide ions to both sides, which ultimately results in the desired basic solution. Without step 4, the reaction might not proceed as expected or could lead to incorrect products.

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Answer:

Instructions on balancing chemical equations:

Enter an equation of a chemical reaction and click 'Balance'. The answer will appear below

Always use the upper case for the first character in the element name and the lower case for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.     Compare: Co - cobalt and CO - carbon monoxide

To enter an electron into a chemical equation use {-} or e

To enter an ion specify charge after the compound in curly brackets: {+3} or {3+} or {3}.

Example: Fe{3+} + I{-} = Fe{2+} + I2

Substitute immutable groups in chemical compounds to avoid ambiguity.

For instance equation C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced,

but PhC2H5 + O2 = PhOH + CO2 + H2O will

Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.

If you do not know what products are enter reagents only and click 'Balance'. In many cases a complete equation will be suggested.

Reaction stoichiometry could be computed for a balanced equation. Enter either the number of moles or weight for one of the compounds to compute the rest.

Limiting reagent can be computed for a balanced equation by entering the number of moles or weight for all reage

Explanation:

Answer:

Mass = 0.008 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Volume of H₂ = 107 mL

Pressure = 104.8 KPa

Temperature = 30°C

Mass of H₂ present = ?

Solution:

Formula:

The given problem will be solve by using general gas equation,

PV = nRT

P= Pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

R = general gas constant = 0.0821 atm.L/ mol.K  

T = temperature in kelvin

Now we will convert the units of temperature, pressure and volume.

Temperature  = 30+273 = 303 K

Volume of H₂ = 107 mL (107/1000= 0.107 L)

Pressure = 104.8 KPa (104.8/101 = 1.04 atm)

by putting values,

1.04 atm ×0.107 L = n× 0.0821 atm.L/ mol.K  × 303 K

0.11 atm.L  = n×24.87 atm.L/ mol

n =  0.11 atm.L / 24.87 atm.L/ mol

n = 0.004

Mass of H₂:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass =   0.004    mol × 2 g/mol

Mass = 0.008 g

Answer:

101.62 grams of water is given o when 62.1 g of propane burns.

Explanation:

Propane gas (C₃H₈) burns with oxygen gas and products carbon dioxide gas and liquid water. The balanced reaction is:

C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

By stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

Being the molar mass of each compound:

By stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

Then you can apply the following rule of three: if by stoichiometry 44 grams of propane produces 72 grams of water, 62.1 grams of propane how much mass of water does it produce?

\(mass of water=\frac{62.1 grams of propane*72 grams of water}{44 grams of propane}\)

mass of water= 101.62 grams

101.62 grams of water is given o when 62.1 g of propane burns.

Answer:

electricity

Explanation:

or maybe food

Answer: saturated

Explanation: i am right.

The type of reaction that occurs between  calcium hydroxide and nitric acid is a neutralization reaction.

The term neutralization reaction refers to a reaction that occurs between an acid and a base that leas to the formation of salt and water only. The type of reaction that occurs between  calcium hydroxide and nitric acid is a neutralization reaction.

The reason why zinc will react with lead nitrate and not calcium chloride is because lead is less than zinc in the electrochemical series hence it can be displaced from solution.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Decomposition reaction, also known as analysis or dissociation, is a type of chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements. In this reaction, a single reactant undergoes a chemical change and produces two or more products.

The decomposition reaction can be represented by the general equation:

AB → A + B

Where AB is the reactant, and A and B are the products. The reactant AB is usually a compound, and it breaks down into its constituent elements or simpler compounds.

There are different types of decomposition reactions, including:

Thermal decomposition: It occurs when a compound is heated, resulting in its decomposition into simpler substances. For example, the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produces calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2):

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Electrolytic decomposition: It takes place when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte, causing it to break down into its component ions. For instance, the electrolysis of water (H2O) leads to the decomposition into hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2):

2H2O → 2H2 + O2

Photochemical decomposition: It occurs when a compound undergoes decomposition due to exposure to light energy. Chlorine gas (Cl2) can decompose into chlorine atoms (Cl) under the influence of light:

Cl2 → 2Cl

These are just a few examples of decomposition reactions. They are important in various chemical processes and are used in industries, laboratory experiments, and natural phenomena. By understanding and controlling decomposition reactions, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of different compounds and develop practical applications in fields such as chemistry, materials science, and environmental science.

Answer:

Explanation:

reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements

The given statement, "The half-life for a first-order rate law depends on the starting concentration" is False because the starting concentration is not a factor that affects the half-life of a first-order reaction.

In a first-order reaction, the half-life is constant and does not depend on the starting concentration. The first-order rate law is represented by the equation:

rate = k[A]

where the rate is the reaction rate, k is the rate constant, and [A] is the concentration of the reactant.

The half-life of a first-order reaction (t1/2) can be calculated using the formula:

t1/2 = ln(2) / k

As you can see, the half-life depends only on the rate constant (k) and not on the starting concentration of the reactant.

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The strong acid you are referring to is nitric acid (HNO3).

Nitric acid (HNO3) is a highly corrosive and volatile acid that has a strong affinity for reacting with organic materials. It is commonly used in the production of explosives such as TNT (trinitrotoluene) and gun cotton (nitrocellulose).

Nitric acid's ability to react explosively with organic materials is due to its strong oxidizing properties. When it comes into contact with organic compounds, such as hydrocarbons, it initiates a highly exothermic reaction, releasing a large amount of energy. This energy release is what makes nitric acid a valuable component in the creation of explosive materials.

In the first step of the reaction, nitric acid donates a proton (H+) to the organic material, causing it to break down and release electrons. At the same time, nitric acid is reduced, gaining electrons itself. This step is followed by a series of complex reactions involving the rearrangement of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds.

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The rate of decomposition of XO2 after 1 hour : \(\tt A=A_o.e^{-1.08}\)

Given

the half-life 38.6 min

time of decomposition = 1 hour

Required

the rate of decomposition

Solution

First-order reaction :

\(\tt A=A_o.e^{-kt}\)

the half life=t1/2 :

\(\tt t\frac{1}{2}=\dfrac{ln~2}{k}\)

so the rate constant (k) :

\(\tt k=\dfrac{ln~2}{38.6}=0.018\)

The rate after 1 hour=60 min :

\(\tt A=A_o.e^{-0.018\times 60}\\\\A=A_o.e^{-1.08}\)

Answer:

Here's what I got.

Explanation:

Interestingly enough, I'm not getting

0.0341% w/v

either. Here's why.

Start by calculating the percent composition of chlorine,

Cl

, in calcium chloride, This will help you calculate the mass of chloride anions,

Cl

−

, present in your sample.

To do that, use the molar mass of calcium chloride, the molar mass of elemental chlorine, and the fact that

1

mole of calcium chloride contains

2

moles of chlorine atoms.

2

×

35.453

g mol

−

1

110.98

g mol

−

1

⋅

100

%

=

63.89% Cl

This means that for every

100 g

of calcium chloride, you get

63.89 g

of chlorine.

As you know, the mass of an ion is approximately equal to the mass of the neutral atom, so you can say that for every

100 g

of calcium chloride, you get

63.89 g

of chloride anions,

Cl

−

.

This implies that your sample contains

0.543

g CaCl

2

⋅

63.89 g Cl

−

100

g CaCl

2

=

0.3469 g Cl

−

Now, in order to find the mass by volume percent concentration of chloride anions in the resulting solution, you must determine the mass of chloride anions present in

100 mL

of this solution.

Since you know that

500 mL

of solution contain

0.3469 g

of chloride anions, you can say that

100 mL

of solution will contain

100

mL solution

⋅

0.3469 g Cl

−

500

mL solution

=

0.06938 g Cl

−

Therefore, you can say that the mass by volume percent concentration of chloride anions will be

% m/v = 0.069% Cl

−

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

I'll leave the answer rounded to two sig figs, but keep in mind that you have one significant figure for the volume of the solution.

.

ALTERNATIVE APPROACH

Alternatively, you can start by calculating the number of moles of calcium chloride present in your sample

0.543

g

⋅

1 mole CaCl

2

110.98

g

=

0.004893 moles CaCl

2

To find the molarity of this solution, calculate the number of moles of calcium chloride present in

1 L

=

10

3

mL

of solution by using the fact that you have

0.004893

moles present in

500 mL

of solution.

10

3

mL solution

⋅

0.004893 moles CaCl

2

500

mL solution

=

0.009786 moles CaCl

2

You can thus say your solution has

[

CaCl

2

]

=

0.009786 mol L

−

1

Since every mole of calcium chloride delivers

2

moles of chloride anions to the solution, you can say that you have

[

Cl

−

]

=

2

⋅

0.009786 mol L

−

1

[

Cl

−

]

=

0.01957 mol L

−

This implies that

100 mL

of this solution will contain

100

mL solution

⋅

0.01957 moles Cl

−

10

3

mL solution

=

0.001957 moles Cl

−

Finally, to convert this to grams, use the molar mass of elemental chlorine

0.001957

moles Cl

−

⋅

35.453 g

1

mole Cl

−

=

0.06938 g Cl

−

Once again, you have

% m/v = 0.069% Cl

−

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

In reference to the explanation you provided, you have

0.341 g L

−

1

=

0.0341 g/100 mL

=

0.0341% m/v

because you have

1 L

=

10

3

mL

.

However, this solution does not contain

0.341 g

of chloride anions in

1 L

. Using

[

Cl

−

]

=

0.01957 mol L

−

1

you have

n

=

c

⋅

V

so

n

=

0.01957 mol

⋅

10

−

3

mL

−

1

⋅

500

mL

n

=

0.009785 moles

This is how many moles of chloride anions you have in

500 mL

of solution. Consequently,

100 mL

of solution will contain

100

mL solution

⋅

0.009785 moles Cl

−

500

mL solution

=

0.001957 moles Cl

−

So once again, you have

0.06938 g

of chloride anions in

100 mL

of solution, the equivalent of

0.069% m/v

.

Explanation:

i think this is it

The region can be a curve, surface, or solid. The term region refers to a specific area of space that can be expressed as a curve, surface, or solid.

A curve is a line that follows a path through space. A surface is a two-dimensional area that can be defined by an equation or a set of coordinates.

A solid is a three-dimensional object that has a length, width, height, firm, hard, or compact substance: solid ground. having relative firmness, coherence of particles, or persistence of form, as matter that is not liquid or gaseous

Therefore, the region can be any of the three, depending on how it is defined and expressed.

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metal ore

i got this question before and answered this one correctly trust me its right

Answer:

metal ore

Explanation:

Sharon, a gymnast, has a body fat percentage of 7%. This is considered a very low body fat percentage, and is often associated with athletes and fitness competitors. Maintaining such a low body fat percentage requires strict diet and exercise regimes, and can have potential health risks.

Body fat percentage is the proportion of fat to total body weight. For athletes like Sharon, having a low body fat percentage is often desirable as it can improve performance and appearance.

A body fat percentage of 7% is considered very low, and is often only achieved by bodybuilders, fitness competitors, and other elite athletes.

However, maintaining such a low body fat percentage requires strict diet and exercise regimes, which can have potential health risks. Extremely low body fat levels can lead to hormonal imbalances, decreased immunity, and reproductive issues in women.

Therefore, it is important for athletes like Sharon to balance their desire for a low body fat percentage with maintaining overall health and well-being.

In conclusion, Sharon's body fat percentage of 7% is very low and reflects her dedication to fitness and athletics.

However, achieving and maintaining such a low body fat percentage can come with potential health risks and requires careful attention to diet and exercise.

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Glucose is the simplest sugar and carbohydrate that provides energy. The simplified model of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) shows carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms linked together.

Glucose is an example of a carbohydrate macromolecule that is further classified as a monosaccharide. They are crystalline and fundamental units of carbohydrates.

The molecular formula of glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆ and the mass is 180.156 g/mol. It is an aldohexose that contains an aldehydic functional group. In its structure, there are six oxygen atoms, six carbon atoms, and twelve hydrogen atoms.

Therefore, the glucose molecule is composed of C, H, and O.

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566.712 grams of LiCl were used to make the solution.

The calculation of the number of grams of LiCl used to prepare a LiCl solution involves the application of the formula grams of LiCl = volume of solution (in liters) x molarity x molar mass of LiCl.

In this case, we are given a volume of 2.2 L and a molarity of 6 M for the solution. To proceed with the calculation, we need to know the molar mass of LiCl, which is 42.39 g/mol.

substituting the given values into the formula, we can determine the grams of LiCl used:

grams of LiCl = 2.2 L x 6 mol/L x 42.39 g/mol = 566.712 g

The amount of LiCl used to prepare the solution is 566.712 grams.

This calculation highlights the relationship between volume, molarity, and molar mass in determining the mass of a solute required to prepare a solution.

It is crucial to have accurate measurements of volume and a clear understanding of the molar mass to obtain the desired concentration.

By applying this formula, scientists and researchers can accurately prepare solutions with specific concentrations to meet their experimental needs and ensure precise measurements in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and pharmaceuticals.

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Answer:

44

Explanation:

(16 × 2) + (12 × 1)

so basically 32 plus 12 which equals 44

The elements that are gases at room temperature are F, Br, N, Kr, Xe, and He. The compounds that are gases at room temperature are CO2 and N2O.

Fluorine (F), bromine (Br), nitrogen (N), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and helium (He) are all elements that exist in gaseous state at room temperature. These elements have low boiling points and readily vaporize into gases. Fluorine and bromine are halogens, while nitrogen is a diatomic molecule. Krypton, xenon, and helium are noble gases known for their low reactivity and stable configurations.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are compounds that are gases at room temperature. Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas produced by various natural and human activities, while nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, is a greenhouse gas and anesthetic agent. Both compounds consist of multiple atoms held together by covalent bonds.

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Answer:High density

Explanation:

The metal doesn't remains gas at room tempreture, it doesn't have brittleness property and it is not poor conductor of electricity .But, it has high density .

Hope, it would be correct.

Answer:

2.15 L

Explanation:

We can use the combined gas law to answer this:

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

where P, V, and T are the Pressure, Volume, and Temperature (in Kelvin) for the initial (1) and final (2) states.  We may assume the pressure remains the same between both states (1 atmosphere. or standard pressure).  Ci=onvert the Celcius temperatures into Kelvin by add 273.15 to the C value.

We want the original volume, V1.  Rearrange the equation to solve for V1:

   V1 = V2(P2/P1)(T1/T2)

Note how the pressure and temperature variables are formatted:  as ratios.  This allows us to more easily visualize how the changes in both will impact the value of V1.  A rise in temperature between T1 and T2 would mean that the ratio (T1/T2) would be less than 1, so the initial volume, V1, would be smaller than the final volume, V2.  The raio of the pressures P2/P1 simply reduces to 1, since they are the same.  So even before we get our a calculator, we can predict that V1 will be smaller than V2.  

Enter the data:  V1 = (2.75L)*(1)*(273.15K/350K)

The pressure and temperature units cancel, leaving only voulume (Liters).

  V1 = 2.15L

This is less than 2.75L, which is what we already expected.  The initial volume is 2.15 L.

Answer:

94,200 milligrams in 94.2 grams

To get answer multiply 94.2 by 1000.

Answer:

there is 94,200 milligrams in 94.2 grams

Explanation:

hope this helps, because 1,000 milligram is 1 gram

so 1,000x94.2(grams)=94,200

HOPE THIS HELPS A LITTLE

Answer:

mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where species has a net benefit. 2. The doctrine that mutual dependence is necessary to social well-being

Explanation:

google

Answer:

Option D

Explanation:

As we know at

PV = nRT

at STP,

Pressure is  1 atm and temperature is 273 K

\(\frac{P_2}{P_1} = \frac{T_2}{T_1} \\P_2 = 1*(428 )/273\\P_2 = 1.567\)

Hence, option D is correct

Answer:

The increased electron density along the internuclear axis is called a n bond. a. True b. False

B. False

Explanation:

Answer:

2.18 × 10³L

Explanation:

2178 litres of CO2 is produced in the combustion reaction.

HOW TO CALCULATE VOLUME

Density = mass ÷ volume

no of moles. = 5.9 × 10²⁵ ÷ 6.02 × 10²³

no. of moles = 5.9/6.02 × 10²

no. of moles = 0.98 × 10²moles

= 98moles

Moles = mass ÷ molar mass

Mass of CO2 = moles × molar mass

Molar mass of CO2 = 12 + 16(2) = 44g/mol

Mass of CO2 = 98 × 44

Mass of CO2 = 4312g = 4.312kg

Volume = 4.312kg ÷ 1.98kg/m³

Volume = 2.178m³

Since 1m³ = 1000L

2.178m³ = 2.178 × 1000

= 2178 liters.

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Answer:

welding torch fuel  

Explanation:

Alkenes are chemical compounds formed by a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom. They have an open chain with double bonds between two carbon acts. They are widely used in the composition of fuels, such as welding torch fuel and have as main characteristics the solubility in solvents, the insolubility in water, high melting and boiling point and the absence of colors.

Welding torch fuel is composed of alkenes. The alkenes comprise a series of compounds that are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms with at least one double bond in the carbon chain.

Alkenes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond.

The number of hydrogen atoms in an alkene is double the number of carbon atoms, so they have the general formula \(C_nH _2 _n\).

For example, the molecular formula of ethene is \(C _2 H _4\) , while for propene it is \(C _3 H _6\).

Alkenes are chemical compounds formed by a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom.

They have an open chain with double bonds between two carbon acts.

They are widely used in the composition of fuels, such as welding torch fuel and have as main characteristics the solubility in solvents, the insolubility in water, high melting and boiling point and the absence of colors.

Hence, the Welding torch fuel is composed of alkenes.

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