Nutrients that are absorbed by the plant roots from the soil are transported by what system?
A.shoots system
transpiration system
phloem system
plant reproductive system
Answers
Answer:
Nutrients that are absorbed by the plant roots from the soil are transported by what system?
Phloem system
The nutrients that are absorbed by the plant roots from the soil are transported by the Xylem system to the leaves. There are two types of vascular tissues which are the xylem and phloem system. Therefore option "C" is correct.
The xylem tissue system helps in the transportation of water and mineral from the root to the shoot. The phloem system helps in the circulation of the food in the plants from leaves to the rest of the plant. These both are vascular tissue. The xylem and phloem are specialized conducting tissues in plants.
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Related Questions
3) Give one function of Meibomian gland:
Answers
Answer:
abnormal gland function. As we know, the meibomian glands secrete the meibum responsible for the formation of the tear film's outer layer. The meibum aids in reducing the evaporation of tears from the front surface of the eye, increasing the surface tension and forming an optically superior tear meniscus.
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Lactase and carbonic anhydrase are examples of what type of substance?
substrate
reactant
product
enzyme
Answers
Explain why your skin feels hot when you have a fever. Multiple Choice Vasoconstriction of the vessels in the dermis is causing the body to lose heat, and blood flow from the deeper tissues to the skin is decreased. Vasoconstriction of the vessels in the dermis is causing the body to lose heat. Blood vessel dilation in the dermis is allowing increased blood flow from the deeper tissues to the skin.
Answers
Answer:
Blood vessel dilation in the dermis is allowing increased blood flow from the deeper tissues to the skin.
Explanation:
Our skin feels hot when you have a fever because of the process known as vasodilation in which the widening of blood vessels occurs that increases the blood flow. Due to this process, blood flow to the skin increases that causes the temperature to rise and as as result sweating as well as dehydration occurs in order to remove heat from the body. So we can say that vasodilation is responsible for the increase in temperature of our body.
PLEASE HELP. Explain how the earth is a system? The more detail you can provide, the better!
Answers
Answer:
The earth system is itself an integrated system, but it can be subdivided into four main components, sub-systems or spheres: the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. ... The atmosphere receives energy from solar radiation which warms the earth's surface and is re-emitted and conducted to the atmosphere.
Answer:
When the solar system settled into its current layout about 4.5 billion years ago, Earth formed when gravity pulled swirling gas and dust in to become the third planet from the Sun. Like its fellow terrestrial planets, Earth has a central core, a rocky mantle, and a solid crust. Our home planet Earth is a rocky, terrestrial planet. It has a solid and active surface with mountains, valleys, canyons, plains and so much more. Earth is special because it is an ocean planet. Water covers 70% of Earth's surface.
Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of nitrogen and has plenty of oxygen for us to breathe. The atmosphere also protects us from incoming meteoroids, most of which break up before they can hit the surface. Near the surface, Earth has an atmosphere that consists of 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and 1 percent other gases such as argon, carbon dioxide, and neon.
The atmosphere affects Earth's long-term climate and short-term local weather and shields us from much of the harmful radiation coming from the Sun. It also protects us from meteoroids, most of which burn up in the atmosphere, seen as meteors in the night sky, before they can strike the surface as meteorites. Our planet's rapid rotation and molten nickel-iron core give rise to a magnetic field, which the solar wind distorts into a teardrop shape in space. (The solar wind is a stream of charged particles continuously ejected from the Sun.)
When charged particles from the solar wind become trapped in Earth's magnetic field, they collide with air molecules above our planet's magnetic poles. These air molecules then begin to glow and cause aurorae, or the northern and southern lights. The magnetic field is what causes compass needles to point to the North Pole regardless of which way you turn. But the magnetic polarity of Earth can change, flipping the direction of the magnetic field. The geologic record tells scientists that a magnetic reversal takes place about every 400,000 years on average, but the timing is very irregular. As far as we know, such a magnetic reversal doesn't cause any harm to life on Earth, and a reversal is very unlikely to happen for at least another thousand years. But when it does happen, compass needles are likely to point in many different directions for a few centuries while the switch is being made. And after the switch is completed, they will all point south instead of north.
Explanation:
Our home planet is the third planet from the Sun, and the only place we know of so far that’s inhabited by living things. While Earth is only the fifth largest planet in the solar system, it is the only world in our solar system with liquid water on the surface. Just slightly larger than nearby Venus, Earth is the biggest of the four planets closest to the Sun, all of which are made of rock and metal. The name Earth is at least 1,000 years old. All of the planets, except for Earth, were named after Greek and Roman gods and goddesses. However, the name Earth is a Germanic word, which simply means “the ground.” Earth is the only planet that has a single moon. Our Moon is the brightest and most familiar object in the night sky. In many ways, the Moon is responsible for making Earth such a great home. It stabilizes our planet's wobble, which has made the climate less variable over thousands of years.
Earth sometimes temporarily hosts orbiting asteroids or large rocks. They are typically trapped by Earth's gravity for a few months or years before returning to an orbit around the Sun. Some asteroids will be in a long “dance” with Earth as both orbit the Sun.
Some moons are bits of rock that were captured by a planet's gravity, but our Moon is likely the result of a collision billions of years ago. When Earth was a young planet, a large chunk of rock smashed into it, displacing a portion of Earth's interior. The resulting chunks clumped together and formed our Moon. With a radius of 1,080 miles (1,738 kilometers), the Moon is the fifth largest moon in our solar system (after Ganymede, Titan, Callisto, and Io).
The Moon is an average of 238,855 miles (384,400 kilometers) away from Earth. That means 30 Earth-sized planets could fit in between Earth and its Moon.
I Hope This Helps.
Johnny is looking at cells taken from plant roots. Which organelle that is
usually found in all plant cells is he not likely to find? *
A cell wall
B plasma membrane
C nucleus
D chloroplasts
Answers
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are what give plants their green pigment. This pigment is not found in root systems and is therefore missing from the root cells.
tubular reabsorption a. usually helps control blood ph by removing h from the filtrate b. eliminates wastes from the body c. returns 99% of the water filtered from the glomerulus to the blood d. occurs mostly in the distal convoluted tubule
Answers
The correct answer is option is C
C returns 99% of the water filtered from the glomerulus to the blood
What is Tubular reabsorption ?
Drugs are passively reabsorbed into the systemic circulation through the lumen of the distal tubules in a process known as tubular reabsorption. Only non-ionized molecules are available for reabsorption, much like with enteral absorption. As a result, medications that change the pH of the urine may result in enhanced tubular reabsorption of other medications. A typical example is the mildly acidic medication phenobarbital. In cases of overdose, sodium bicarbonate is used to alkalinize the urine in the hopes that phenobarbital will become more ionised there, reducing tubular reabsorption and promoting faster excretion. The efficacy of this therapy is unclear, though.
The second crucial step in the production of urine is tubular reabsorption. Reabsorption may be passive for other ions, such as water, or it may be active, as in the cases of glucose, amino acids, and peptides. In the distal tubule and the collecting duct, water and ions are also reabsorbed.
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When Mendel crossed two purple-flowered pea plants with each other, he obtained a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (purple-flowered pea plants to white-flowered pea plants). His results are consistent with which of the following sets of parents? Multiple Choice homozygous dominant purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant heterozygous purple
. When Mendel crossed two purple-flowered pea plants with each other, he obtained a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (purple-flowered pea plants to white-flowered pea plants). His results are consistent with which of the following sets of parents?
Multiple Choice
homozygous dominant purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant
heterozygous purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant
heterozygous purple pea plant and heterozygous purple pea plant
heterozygous purple pea plant and homozygous dominant purple pea plant
homozygous dominant purple pea plant and heterozygous white pea plant
.
If the two alleles for a particular gene are identical the gene pair is
Multiple Choice
heterozygous.
homologous.
dominant.
homozygous.
recessive.
Answers
1. homozygous dominant purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant.
2. Homozygous.
if all cells contain the exact same copy of DNA, how do they become specialized?
Answers
Even if all the cells have the same DNA they biochemical function are different, that's because differents sets of genes must be turned on and off in each cell type by the action of enzymes and other molecules. Each cell have the same 20,000 or so genes but they are biochemically selected by the action of molecules as hormones and chemical signaling. Therefore, different cells use different parts of the DNA code as directions.
Explain the effect of temperature and pH on enzyme action.
Needs to be done ASAP.
Answers
Answer:
enzymes loose their form in both unsuitable ph and temprature.
Explanation:
at very high tempratures enzyme molecules denatures due to high speed movements, at low tempratures enzymes works too slow to be useful enough.
low ph solotions contain lot of H+ and high ph solutions have few H+ , and the number of these H+ ions have polar effects on enzymes. some Enzymes like pepsin works perfect in acidic environment ( ph=2) while others might work at high ph or average ph( like Trypsin works well at ph=7).
Select all items that are correct.
How are layers of rocks evidence that the Earth has changed over time?
A. Each layer of rock tells us what type of rock was on the surface at that time.
B. The oldest layers are near the bottom.
C. The K-Pg boundary indicates a major event 65 million years ago.
D. These formations have always been here, since the Earth formed with little change. E. The different formations show the type of erosion that happened in that area.
Answers
Answer:
B, and E I think but check it first!
Explanation:
Answer:
It is everything except D.
Explanation:
I got it right.
After the comma is instead into the sentence the sentence now seems to be asking whether or not the bird ate
Answers
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
probably did something else first
Can someone help me come up with the Hypothesis and with finding out the Variables of the experiment.
Record your hypothesis as an "if, then" statement for the rate of dissolving the compounds:
Record your hypothesis as an "if, then" statement for the boiling point of the compounds:
Variables
List the independent, dependent, controlled variables of the experiment.
Materials
(Note: this is a virtual lab, no materials are needed. The items listed here are the types of items that could be used in a similar investigation. )
• a hot plate
• a thermometer
• a scale
• a measuring spoon
• water
• beakers
Procedure
Remember this is a virtual lab. You do not need to actually perform these steps, but follow along and collect the data!
1. Measure out 100 mL of water into three beakers and label them A, B, and C. Beaker C will be the control.
2. Then measure 50 grams of unknown compound A into beaker A and stir for one minute. Measure the amount of undissolved solute and record this in Table 1.
3. Then measure 50 grams of unknown compound B into beaker B and stir for one minute. Measure the amount of undissolved solute and record this in Table 1.
4. Next, we will test the boiling point of each solution. Place each beaker onto a hot plate.
5. When the solution boils, use a thermometer to record the temperature. Record the boiling point for each solution in Table 2.
Data Table 1
Record the amount of solute left after one minute of stirring.
Beaker Amount of Solute at Start (g) Amount of Solute at End (g)
Solution with Compound A 50 0g
Solution with Compound B 50 15g
Plain water in Beaker C 0 (control group) Has not changed (control group)
Data Table 2
Record the the boiling point for each solution.
Beaker Temperature at Start (ºC) Temperature at Boiling Point (ºC)
Solution with Compound A 23 102. 8 C
Solution with Compound B 23 108. 7 C
Plain water in Beaker C 23 100 C (Control Group)
Answers
Answer:
In this activity, you will complete a virtual experiment to identify the unknown compounds. Use the interactive on the assessment page to collect your data.
Pre-lab Questions:
1. What are the properties of ionic compounds? They form Crystals
2. What are the properties of covalent compounds?
3. Which type of compound is salt? They are usually Gasses
4. Which type of compound is sugar? disaccharides
Hypothesis
Record your hypothesis as an “if, then” statement for the rate of dissolving the compounds:
If I apply heat the compounds Should dissolve faster
Variables
List the independent, dependent, controlled variables of the experiment.
The independent variables of Ionic compounds are Usually liquid or gasses at room temperature.
Materials
(Note: this is a virtual lab, no materials are needed. The items listed here are the types of items that could be used in a similar investigation.)
• a hot plate
• a thermometer
• a scale
• a measuring spoon
• water
• beakers
Procedure
Remember this is a virtual lab. You do not need to actually perform these steps, but follow along and collect the data!
1. Measure out 100 mL of water into three beakers and label them A, B, and C. Beaker C will be the control.
√
2. Then measure 50 grams of unknown compound A into beaker A and stir for one minute. Measure the amount of undissolved solute and record this in Table 1.
3. Then measure 50 grams of unknown compound B into beaker B and stir for one minute. Measure the amount of undissolved solute and record this in Table 1.
4. Next, we will test the boiling point of each solution. Place each beaker onto a hot plate.
5. When the solution boils, use a thermometer to record the temperature. Record the boiling point for each solution in Table 2.
Data Table 1
Record the amount of solute left after one minute of stirring.
Beaker Amount of Solute at Start (g) Amount of Solute at End (g)
Solution with Compound A 50 0 g
Solution with Compound B 50 15 g
Plain water in Beaker C 0 (control group) 0
Data Table 2
Record the the boiling point for each solution.
Beaker Temperature at Start (ºC) Temperature at Boiling Point (ºC)
Solution with Compound A 23 102.8
Solution with Compound B 23 108.7
Plain water in Beaker C 23 100
Analysis and Conclusion
1. Which compound dissolved more easily?
Compound A
2. Which compound had the lower boiling point?
Control C
3. Are the answers to 1 and 2 the same compound? What does this tell you about the strength of the bonds in this compound?
4. Which compound is the sugar?
5. Which compound is the salt?
Explanation:
Explore all similar answers
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(13 votes)
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When a country' export exceed it import, the nation ha a ________. Group of anwer choice
trade deficit
negative balance of trade
trade urplu and negative balance of trade
trade urplu
Answers
When a country' export exceed it import, the nation ha a trade urplu.
When a country's exports outweigh its imports, it has a?The trade balance is considered to be favorable if exports outpace imports and the nation enjoys a trade surplus. The trade balance of a nation or region is said to be negative if imports outpace exports, creating a trade deficit.
What Exactly Is a Trade Deficit?When a country imports more than it sells over a specific time frame, there is a trade deficit. A negative balance of trade is another name for it (BOT). Different sorts of transactions, including those involving products, services, and goods and services, can be used to calculate the balance.
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How many high-energy phosphate bond equivalents are used in the pathway leading from imp to gmp?.
Answers
Two high-energy phosphate bond equivalents are used in the pathway leading from IMP to GMP.
What are high-energy phosphate bonds?
High-energy phosphate bonds refers to the bods that exists in molecules such as ATP and GTP which contain phosphate molecules linked together to form di- or tri-phosphate molecules.
The breakage of phosphate bond releases a large amount of energy which is used to drive the biochemical reactions occurring in the body.
During the biosynthesis of GMP from IMP, the high-energy phosphate bond equivalents used are as follows:
conversion of IMP + Glutamine to GMP + Glutamate requires the hydrolysis of ATP to AMP + PPi.The loss of pyrophosphate, PPi, is equivalent to the loss of two high-energy phosphate bonds.
Therefore, two high-energy phosphate bond equivalents are used in the pathway leading from IMP to GMP.
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In which biome is this food web most likely to be found? (picture below)
Answers
EXPLANATION/ANSWER:
Since no trees are involved, it may be grassland. Grasslands are open areas with mostly grasses maintained by grazing animals like the impala seen in the photo.
Is there equity in the worlds energy consumption?
Answers
Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
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Briefly explain how chemical pollutants are passed through aquatic organisms in a food chain
Answers
Answer:
The chemical pollutants are absorbed by lower organisms such as plants and earthworms etc.
Explanation:
After observing these chemical pollutants, the lower organisms will be affected badly. Chemical pollutants such as mercury and DDT are transferred to different aquatic levels and eaten by other organisms in the food chain. So, these chemical pollutants disrupt the food chain very badly.
At first, the small organisms present in the food chain will get affected by these chemical pollutants. Later, the larger animals were also affected by these chemical pollutants due to the eating of small organisms by the larger animals in the food chain.
From there, the whole food chain was affected by the chemical pollutants by chemical pollutants.
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Which is produced by the endocrine system to control how cells and organs function? Oglands O hormones information O stimuli
Answers
Answer:
Hormones
Explanation:
The pituitary gland is part of the endocrine system and produces hormones to control how cells and organs function
Child level explanation for what the cell membrane does for the cell
Answers
it separates the inside of the cell from the environment outside and it controls substances moving in and out of the cell (selectively permeable)
The diagram below represents the distribution of some molecules inside and outside of an artificial cell over a period of time .
Which statement is best supported by the diagram?
1. Oxygen molecules entered the cell over time by active transport.
2. Water molecules are too large to enter or leave the cell, so they remained where they were at the start of the investigation.
3. Protein molecule are kept inside of the cell because the cell needs them.
4. The protein molecules are too large to diffuse out the cell.
Answers
Answer:it’s B
Explanation:
No explanation needed
The given diagram describes that 2. Water molecules are too large to enter or leave the cell, so they remained where they were at the start of the investigation.
A cell is the smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body. A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules are distinguished from ions by their lack of electrical charge.
The given diagram describes that 2. Water molecules are too large to enter or leave the cell, so they remained where they were at the start of the investigation.
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The nucleus is the house of the genetic material, yet it allows certain molecules to cross into the cytoplasm. What evidence can you use from the model above to support this claim?
Answers
Answer:
Many proteins exchanges between cytoplasm and nucleus.
Explanation:
Proteins such as importins and exportins exchanges between cytoplasm and nucleus because of their need in these two sides. Importins are the proteins which enters in the nucleus from cytoplasm due to need for the nucleus while on the other hand, the exportins proteins exit the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm because they are formed in nucleus and needed by the cytoplasm of the cell.
Which statement explains why the structure of sickle cells differs from normal red blood cells?
a. The gene mutation affected protein synthesis.
b. The gene mutation prohibited DNA replication.
c. The gene mutation inhibited the cell's ability to produce tRNA.
d. The gene mutation affected the cell's ability to produce ATP.
Answers
Answer:
A. the gene mutation affected protein synthesis
Explanation:
Basically, sickle cell results due to point mutation (change in one nucleotide) in DNA, which in turns affects the mRNA produced and finally the protein made from that mRNA is affected. I have listed a helpful image below which shows that the mutation actually results in formation of an undesired protein which causes sickle cell to occur.
Name the three subcortical nuclei that comprise the basal nuclei and describe their function.
Answers
The three subcortical nuclei comprise the basal nuclei: the corpus striatum, subthalamic nucleus, and the substantia nigra.
What is the composition of the Basal nuclei?
A group of subcortical nuclei located deep within the cerebral hemispheres is known as the basal ganglia.The corpus striatum, which has a volume of roughly 10 cm, is the most significant subcortical brain region in the basal ganglia. It is a diverse structure that receives afferents from a number of cortical and subcortical areas and sends afferents to a number of basal ganglia nuclei.The biggest portion of the subthalamus is made up of a lens-shaped cell cluster called the subthalamic nucleus.Substantia Nigra is a long nucleus in the midbrain that is functionally part of the basal nuclei due to its reciprocal connections. It is made up of two parts: pars compacta and pars reticulata.To learn more about Basal nuclei refer to:
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What would be worse for this food web,the removal of the mouse or the squirrel and why
Answers
Answer:
It appears that neither would be worse since they both have an equal impact on the ecosystem, not sure if this is an option though, goodluck with your assignment
Answer:
Either, because the removal of either one would have the same impact because they eat the same food and are preyed upon by the same predators.
how do the different forces in the biopsychosocial framework contribute to the development of gender roles
Answers
The biopsychosocial framework acknowledges that gender is not solely determined by biology, but rather is a complex interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors. The different forces within this framework contribute to the development of gender roles in various ways.
Biological forces, such as 31415677 and genetics, may influence the development of gender by shaping the physical and neurological characteristics that are typically associated with males and females. For example, testosterone may contribute to the development of more traditionally masculine traits, while estrogen may contribute to more traditionally feminine traits.Psychological forces, such as personality traits and cognitive processes, may also play a role in the development of gender roles. For instance, individuals with more masculine personality traits may be more likely to adopt traditional male gender roles, while those with more feminine traits may be more likely to adopt traditional female gender roles.Social forces, such as cultural norms and expectations, are perhaps the most influential in shaping gender roles. From a young age, individuals are exposed to societal messages about what it means to be male or female, and these messages can strongly influence their beliefs and behaviors. For example, boys may be encouraged to be assertive and competitive, while girls may be encouraged to be nurturing and empathetic.
Overall, the different forces within the biopsychosocial framework interact and influence one another to contribute to the development of gender roles. While biology may play a role, it is important to acknowledge the significant influence of psychological and social factors as well.
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An accumulation of debris that undergoes continuing damage, bleeding, and calcification after smooth muscle cells release collagen and other proteins will form a
Answers
Answer:
Plaque
Explanation:
Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation Group of answer choices transfers DNA horizontally, to nearby cells without those cells undergoing replication. transcribes DNA to RNA. replicates DNA. transfers DNA vertically, to new cells. copies RNA to make DNA.
Answers
Answer:
it is differs from reproduction because conjunction group of answers
Conjugation transfers DNA horizontally, to nearby cells without those cells undergoing replication.
Conjugation is a mechanism of genetic transfer in bacteria where genetic material, usually in the form of plasmids, is transferred from one bacterial cell to another. Unlike reproduction, which involves the replication and inheritance of genetic material through cell division, conjugation allows bacteria to transfer genetic material horizontally between cells that are in close proximity to each other.
During conjugation, the donor bacterial cell containing the plasmid makes contact with the recipient cell through a specialized structure called a pilus. The plasmid DNA is then transferred from the donor cell to the recipient cell through this pilus. The transferred DNA can include genes that provide advantages such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to metabolize certain substances.
The key difference between conjugation and reproduction is that conjugation does not involve replication of the recipient cell's entire genome. Instead, it transfers specific genetic material from one cell to another. The recipient cell does not undergo replication as a result of conjugation but acquires new genetic information from the donor cell.
Reproduction, on the other hand, involves the replication and inheritance of the complete set of genetic material in the parent cell. It results in the production of offspring cells that are genetically identical or similar to the parent cell.
In summary, conjugation is a form of genetic transfer in bacteria where DNA is horizontally transferred between cells without those cells undergoing replication. It allows for the exchange of genetic material and the acquisition of new traits by recipient cells. Reproduction, on the other hand, involves the replication and inheritance of genetic material through cell division.
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5.
Which of the following molecules combine to form molecules of fat?
glycerol and triglycerides
glycerol and fatty acids
triglycerides
glycerol molecules
Answers
Explanation:
glycerol and fatty acids combine to form molecules of fat
this marine biological zone is characterized by green vascular plants which grow along the shoreline of shallow estuaries and mudflats in tropical and sub-tropical climates. These plants are adapted to living in salty (haline) environments and are able to drink sea water without being affected by the salt. In general, the leafy portion (canopy) of these plants grow out of the water, but the roots are often submerged in the water (or very close to where the water meets the land). The name of this marine biological zone is: a. Mangrove forest b. Rocky intertidal zone c. Sandy shoreline d. Kelp forest e. Coral reef
Answers
The correct answer is a. Mangrove forest. the described marine biological zone is known as a mangrove forest.
Mangrove forests are characterized by green vascular plants that grow along the shoreline of shallow estuaries and mudflats in tropical and sub-tropical climates. These plants, known as mangroves, have adaptations that allow them to live in saline environments. They are able to tolerate and even drink seawater without being adversely affected by the high salt content.
Mangroves typically have a canopy of leafy vegetation that grows above the waterline, while their roots are submerged in the water or very close to the water-land interface. These roots provide stability and support to the trees in the soft, muddy substrate.
Mangrove forests play a crucial role in coastal ecosystems as they provide habitat for a diverse range of organisms, including fish, crustaceans, and birds. They also serve as a protective buffer against coastal erosion and storm damage.
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When a pathogen or bacteria is recognized, 2 types of cells are created in abundance. Briefly describe what they do.
a) Effector Cell:
b) Memory Cell:
Please help me.
Answers
When a pathogen or bacteria is recognized by the immune system, the adaptive immune response is activated, leading to the production of two main types of cells: effector cells and memory cells.
a) Effector Cell: Effector cells are responsible for carrying out the immediate response to eliminate the pathogen or bacteria. In the context of the adaptive immune response, there are two primary types of effector cells being Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells) & B cells.
b) Memory Cell: Memory cells are long-lived cells that "remember" the specific antigen from a previous encounter with a pathogen or bacteria. They are derived from the same activated cells that give rise to effector cells. If the same pathogen is encountered again in the future, memory cells can quickly respond and initiate a faster and more effective immune response.