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In 3-5 sentences describe how stars form elements and how this process changes throughout a star’s lifetime.

The process in respiration happens last is Electron transport chain. Thus, option D is correct.

The transport chain has been known as an electrical and chemical continuum of four protein molecules that redox in the pairs, leading to the formation in the mechanism called oxidative phosphorylation, of ATP. It has been exists both in the mitochondrial and photosynthesis in mitochondria.

Glycolysis has a catabolic reaction that comprises of series of the steps that breaks down food to give off the energy in the form of ATP. Pyruvate has the product of glycolysis together with two ATP molecules. Pyruvate is further broken down by joining the krebs cycle.

Therefore, The electron transport chain that has been transfer electrons by using the redox reaction, to the reduce NADH to NAD + H and the FADH to FAD.

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Answer:

B. Es la respuesta correcta.

Explanation:

pues heredar es cuando una persona le da unas caracteristricas de ella a otra y q se transmite generacion x generacion.

A training adaptation that occurs as a result of aerobic training and benefits aerobic metabolism is an increase in mitochondrial density.

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cells and play a crucial role in aerobic metabolism, specifically in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, where energy is produced in the presence of oxygen.

Through regular aerobic training, such as cardiovascular exercises, the body adapts to the increased demand for oxygen and energy by increasing the density of mitochondria in the muscle cells.

This increase in mitochondrial density is known as mitochondrial biogenesis. It allows for more efficient production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cells, through aerobic metabolism.

With higher mitochondrial density, the muscle cells have an increased capacity to utilize oxygen and produce ATP aerobically, leading to improved endurance and stamina.

The increased mitochondrial density also enhances the ability of the muscle cells to oxidize fats as a fuel source. Fatty acids are an important energy substrate during prolonged aerobic exercise. With more mitochondria, the muscles can efficiently break down and utilize fatty acids, sparing glycogen stores and improving endurance performance.

A training adaptation that occurs as a result of aerobic training and benefits aerobic metabolism is the increase in mitochondrial density. This adaptation allows for improved ATP production through aerobic metabolism, enhanced oxygen utilization, and increased capacity to oxidize fats as a fuel source. These adaptations contribute to better endurance and stamina during aerobic activities.

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One primary difference between an upper motor neuron (UMN) and a lower motor neuron (LMN) is that an upper motor neuron does not exit the spinal cord, while a lower motor neuron does.

The correct option is An upper motor neuron does not exit the spinal cord.

UMNs are located within the central nervous system (CNS) and are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the spinal cord. They are generally closer to the brain, and their axons are covered in myelin, which aids in the efficient transmission of signals.

On the other hand, LMNs are located in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and have their cell bodies in the spinal cord or brainstem. LMNs transmit signals from the spinal cord to the muscles, which ultimately control movement. Since they exit the spinal cord, they directly interact with the target muscles.

In summary, the main distinction between UMNs and LMNs is their location within the nervous system, with UMNs staying within the CNS and not exiting the spinal cord, and LMNs being part of the PNS, exiting the spinal cord to connect with muscles.

Therefore the correct option is an upper motor neuron does not exit the spinal cord.

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Explanation:

Scientists who study the anatomy of the systems in the human body focus their studies on the structure and form of an organism. Particularly, they examine the relationships among parts of the body, as well as the structure of individual organs.

Scientists who study the anatomy of the systems in the human body focus on the structure of the organ and organ systems of the body. So the correct option is D.

Anatomy is a field of biological sciences that studies the description of body structure and their identification of living beings. Anatomy also studies the relationship of these structures with one another.

Gross anatomy is referred to the major body sections in a narrow sense after dissection. The body structures studied under gross anatomy are simply those that are big enough so that their observation does not need any kind of magnifying device.

Microscopic anatomy is the study of structures which can only be observed with the help of a microscope.

In all kinds of anatomical research, dissection is necessary because it's not really possible to study internal structures without opening them. The earliest record of the study of anatomy is from the Greeks, in fact, the word anatomy is derived from the Greek word ana temnein which means to cut-open.

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Answer:

49 sec

because you have never seemed yet 59 hour instead 12 hour.

but 24 hour also.

Answer:

the protist has one cell, and the bean plant has many cells.

Explanation:

2 is wrong because bacteria are unicellular. 3 is wrong because they're not the same shape. lastly, 4 is wrong because both the bean plant and frog are made up of cells.

Hypertensive heart disease is a long-term condition that develops over many years in people with hypertension.

When your high blood pressure (hypertension) is not controlled, it can lead to a variety of health issues, including heart failure and conduction arrhythmias. Hypertensive heart disease is caused by persistently high blood pressure (over 120/80 mmHg). Heart disease risk goes up as people get older and continue to have high blood pressure. People over the age of 65 are more likely to develop heart failure.

Your heart has to work harder to pump blood through your body when you have high blood pressure for an extended period of time.

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Answer:

Frog's strong legs help it climb trees and their large and complex eyes help them to get around leaves, the tree canopy, and to help it locate insects to eat.

I hope this helps! :)

The distribution of organisms provides evidence for evolution through patterns observed in geographic distribution, endemic species on islands, and changes in distribution seen in the fossil record.

Observations regarding the distribution of organisms provide valuable evidence for evolution. One such pattern is the geographic distribution of species. Similar environments often contain distinct yet closely related species. This can be observed in different regions around the world.

For example, the marsupials in Australia, such as kangaroos, koalas, and wombats, show remarkable similarities in their reproductive and developmental characteristics. These similarities suggest a common ancestry and adaptive radiation in response to the unique Australian environment.

Another significant observation is the presence of endemic species on islands. Islands provide isolated habitats, allowing for unique evolutionary processes to occur. The Galapagos Islands, famously studied by Darwin, exhibit an array of species found nowhere else on Earth.

The finches he observed there had different beak shapes and sizes, each adapted for specialized feeding habits. This diversification is thought to have occurred through natural selection acting on a common ancestor.

Furthermore, fossil records indicate that the distribution of organisms has changed over time. For instance, the discovery of similar fossils in South America and Africa suggests that these continents were once connected, supporting the theory of continental drift and explaining the presence of related species in both regions.

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0. Normal blood and matrix sodium concentrations

1. Loss of sodium ions due to diarrhea

2. Given too much water

3. Increased matrix pressure

4. Net movement of free water into the matrix

5. Low sodium concentration

6. Abnormal neuron firing rate (neurons need sodium ions to function properly)

7. Seizures

The free-running rhythm of a human is slightly more than 24 hours.

Mostly environmental cues acts as the external cues for animals including humans. But in the absence of all such external cues a free-running rhythm is developed. In humans it is more than 24 hours. It is because of the light around that we measure our sleep cycles and when to wake up. This is a circadian rhythm developed naturally within humans as a result of external cues.

So, Free running rhythm is a body's own rhythm, which is normally around 24 hours in humans.

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Answer:

Griffith reasoned that mixing the two types of bacteria allowed a chemical factor to transfer from the heat-killed, S-type cells into the living R-type cells.

Explanation:

All of the following are true of the fibrous tunic of the eye, except that it produces aqueous humor.

The fibrous tunic of the eye consists of the limbus, sclera and the cornea. It performs the function of providing some amount of protection as well mechanical support to the eye. It is the place where the extrinsic eye muscles are inserted.

It also contributes to the substantial focusing power. It does not produce aqueous humor. The aqueous humor is secreted from the ciliary body present in the eye which is a structure which supports the lens of the eyeball.

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Answer:

cuticle

In some higher plants, the cuticle is a water-impervious protective layer covering the epidermal cells of leaves and other parts and limiting water loss. It consists of cutin, a waxy, water-repellent substance allied to suberin, which is found in the cell walls of corky tissue.

adapted( function)

The cuticle reduces the rate of water loss from the leaf surface. Other leaves may have small hairs (trichomes) on the leaf surface. ... They can also reduce the rate of transpiration by blocking air flow across the leaf surface.

palisade mesophyll

Light absorption happens in the palisade mesophyll tissue of the leaf. Palisade cells are column shaped and packed with many chloroplasts . They are arranged closely together so that a lot of light energy can be absorbed.

adapted ( function)

The palisade mesophyll layer of the leaf is adapted to absorb light efficiently. The cells: are packed with many chloroplasts. are column-shaped and arranged closely together

spongy mesophyll

Spongy mesophyll tissue is packed loosely for efficient gas exchange. The spongy mesophyll cells are covered by a thin layer of water. Gases dissolve in this water as they move into and out of the cells. ... To enter the leaf, gases diffuse through small pores called stomata.

adapted (function)

Spongy mesophyll tissue is packed loosely for efficient gas exchange. The spongy mesophyll cells are covered by a thin layer of water.When the plant is photosynthesising during the day, these features allow carbon dioxide to diffuse into the spongy mesophyll cells, and oxygen to diffuse out of them

Guard cell

Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Light is the main trigger for the opening or closing. Each guard cell has a relatively thick cuticle on the pore-side and a thin one opposite it.

Adapted (function)

Guard cells are adapted to their function by allowing gas exchange and controlling water loss within the leaf. The size of the stomatal opening is used by the plant to control the rate of transpiration and therefore limit the levels of water loss from the leaf. This helps to stop the plant from wilting

Answer:

Its upside down lol

Explanation:

litterally its upside down so I don't know how to help really sorry

100 pulses/sec tetanic stimulation and activation of phosphatases would likely lead to LTD, while a large influx of calcium and more NMDA receptors with NR2B subunits would likely result in LTP.

1. 100 pulses/sec tetanic stimulation of presynaptic neurons is likely to induce long-term depression (LTD). High-frequency stimulation can lead to excessive calcium influx and activation of signaling pathways that promote LTD, resulting in a weakening of the synapse.

2. Activation of phosphatases is associated with the dephosphorylation of proteins involved in synaptic transmission. Phosphatases are typically involved in signaling pathways that induce LTD, leading to a decrease in synaptic strength.

3. A large influx of calcium into the neuron is generally associated with the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). Calcium plays a critical role in the activation of signaling cascades that promote the strengthening of synapses and the enhancement of synaptic transmission.

4. Having more NMDA receptors with NR2B subunits, which remain open longer than NR2A subunits, is likely to lead to long-term depression (LTD). NR2B-containing NMDA receptors are associated with weaker synaptic plasticity and lower calcium influx compared to NR2A-containing receptors, which favors the induction of LTD over LTP.

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Crystals most often form in igneous and metamorphic rocks, the melting and cooling of rocks are characteristics that all rocks share.

It should be remembered that rock is merely a naturally occurring, somewhat hard mineral substance.

The melting and cooling of rocks are the processes that these rocks share, which most likely encourage the development of crystals.

When magma (molten rock), either at volcanoes on the surface of the Earth or when due to the extreme heat present in the upper mantle or lower crust, all magma forms underground.

Therefore,  rocks share that likely promotes the formation of crystals, most frequently, igneous and metamorphic rocks are where crystals develop.

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Answer:

Neurons

Explanation:

The haploid stage of a plant life cycle called Gametophyte

In the course of their life cycle, plants alternate between two separate life stages, or generations, the gametophyte, a haploid stage, and the sporophyte, a diploid stage.

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People with certain qualities may have a higher chance of surviving and procreating than others in a given setting.

An organism can acquire new features as a result of genetic changes that change gene activity or protein function. A genetic variant is more likely to be passed down to the following generation if a trait is favorable and aids the individual in surviving and procreating (a process known as natural selection).

Genetic diversity among members of the same species refers to naturally occurring genetic variances. A population can adapt to changing environmental conditions and survive thanks to this variety.

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Metal brushes slide up against the co-rotating cylinders that the coil is attached to before making contact and  Nab  =0.8148946

Given :2πfNabB sin (2πft) = ε0 sin (2πft).

                  2πfNabB  = ε0

                   Nab= ε0 /2πfB

                  since,ε0 = 248 V

                            f=76.8 rev/s

                            B   = 0.631 T

                             π=3.14

now substituting the above values in      Nab= ε0 /2πfB

we get,   Nab=   248/2 X3.14 X76.8 X0.631

                   = 248 /304.3333824

therefore , Nab   =0.8148946

A coil-shaped electrical conductor, such as a wire, serves as an electromagnetic coil (spiral or helix). In devices like electric motors, generators, inductors, electromagnets, transformers, and sensor coils—where electric currents and magnetic field interact—magnetic coils are utilized in electrical engineering. Either an electric current is sent through the coil's wire to produce a magnetic field, or an external, time-varying magnetic field passes through the coil's interior to produce an EMF (voltage) in the conductor.

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Tortoise has unique shell and neck for their protection from predators. They also have strong, clawed limbs for walking on land.

The derived characters of a tortoise refer to unique physical adaptations that have evolved to suit their specific needs and ecological niches. The bony or keratinous shell of a tortoise that encases the body is a key adaptation for tortoises that allow them to protect themselves from predators.

Their neck, which is retracted into the shell is protected by special vertebrae that allow for movement and support. Tortoises have also a beak-like mouth with no teeth, which is adapted for herbivorous feeding.

They also have strong, clawed limbs for walking on land and digging burrows. All of these adaptations have helped tortoises to live successfully in their feeding and burrowing behaviors.

Therefore, the tortoise has a unique shell and neck for their protection from predators and strong, clawed limbs for walking on land. All these adaptations help them to survive on Earth.

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Answer:high blood pH

Explanation: