nde1 and ndel1 from genes to (mal) functions: parallel but distinct roles impacting on neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric illness

Answers

Answer 1

The genes NDE1 and NDEL1 play parallel but distinct roles in neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric illness, impacting various aspects of brain development and function.

The genes NDE1 and NDEL1 play parallel but distinct roles in neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric illness, impacting various aspects of brain development and function.

NDE1 and NDEL1 are both involved in neurodevelopment and have been implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric illnesses. They are part of a complex regulatory network that influences brain development, neuronal migration, and synaptic connectivity.

NDE1 is associated with microcephaly, a condition characterized by a small head size and impaired brain development. Mutations in NDE1 can disrupt neuronal migration, leading to structural abnormalities in the brain. Additionally, NDE1 has been linked to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, suggesting its involvement in the regulation of cognitive and emotional processes.

Similarly, NDEL1 is essential for proper brain development and has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. NDEL1 is involved in neuronal migration, axon guidance, and synapse formation, all of which are critical processes for establishing functional neural circuits. Dysregulation of NDEL1 has been associated with abnormal brain development and an increased risk of psychiatric conditions.

While both NDE1 and NDEL1 share common roles in neurodevelopment, their specific functions and mechanisms of action are distinct. Understanding the contributions of these genes to neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric illnesses can provide valuable insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for these conditions.

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Related Questions

equipment needed for planting grape plant in the greenhouse in Cameron highlands​

Answers

Answer:

Shovels, hole digger, small generator, handheld auger, tractor, auger and a rod.

Explanation:

Equipment needed for planting grape plant in the greenhouse are shovels, hole digger, small generator, handheld auger, tractor, auger and a rod for support to grape plants. Every equipment is used for specific purpose in the plantation of grapes plant in greenhouse. Some tools are used for dig holes, support, soften soil and for other necessary agronomic practices. If these equipment are not present, no plantation or there is difficulty in the plantation of grapes in the greenhouse.

Which cell has a nuclues

Answers

Answer:

eukaryotic cell

Explanation:

theirs many organelle found in that type of call

Answer: eukaryotes

Explanation: eukaryotes are advanced organisms and only advanced organisms can have a nucleus

Which of the following would be most likely to lose an electron by
bonding?
A. Lithium
B. Fluorine
C. Chlorine
D. Nitrogen

Answers

Lithium is most likely to lose an electron by bonding. So, the correct option is A.

What is octet rule?

The octet rule is a rule of thumb in chemistry, reflecting the theory that the main group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell and has the same electronic configuration as the noble gases. .

Lithium is an alkali metal with three valence electrons, is also an exception to the octet rule. Lithium tends to lose electrons, adopting the electronic configuration of its closest noble gas, helium, leaving two valence electrons. Li and B still have incomplete octets after bond formation. These are exceptions to the octet rule.

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Morgan's analysis of a white-eyed male Drosophila mutation helped explain ________.
a. autosomal dominance
b. independent assortment
c. X-linked inheritance
d. crossing over
e. random mutation

Answers

Morgan's analysis of a white-eyed male Drosophila mutation helped explain X-linked inheritance.

Here correct option is C

X-linked inheritance is a form of inheritance in which a gene is located on the X chromosome and is passed from a mother to her son. Morgan noticed that the white-eyed males were always produced by red-eyed female Drosophila and he deduced that this was the result of a gene on the X chromosome.

He also noted that the white-eyed trait was only passed from mothers to sons and not from fathers to sons or from mothers to daughters. This revealed that the gene causing the white-eyed trait was located on the X chromosome and this discovery was the first to demonstrate X-linked inheritance.

Morgan's work was groundbreaking and helped to shape the understanding of genetics and inheritance. It demonstrated the importance of the X chromosome in inheritance and led to further studies into the processes of inheritance.

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what killed the dinosuars?​

Answers

Answer:

An asteroid

Explanation:

Answer:

There are many theories but one I rely on is that the meteor crashed into the ocean and created a gigantic tsunami along with smoke that both killed the dinosaurs.

Purpose to create gemetes

Answers

Answer:

Gametes are cells used during sexual reproduction to produce a new individual organism or zygote.

Explanation:

This is helpful if male ejaculation is not possible, or insufficient.

What is photosynthesis, and what is it's main goal?

Answers

Answer: Photosynthesis is the process of when a plant makes it's own food, and the main goal is to convert solar energy to chemical energy.

Explanation: Plants use photosynthesis by taking the sunlight, to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Since plants can't move and consume other organisms, they use photosynthesis. The formula is: \(6CO_2+6H_2O=C_6H_1_2O_6+6O_2\).

Like I said, the main goal is converting solar energy to chemical energy then store the chemical energy for future use, for example it can be used for Chemical batteries, Natural gas, Heat, Food, etc.

Which cells form a protective barrier in the root where all materials are forced to move through the symplast

Answers

The cells that form a protective barrier in the root where all materials are forced to move through the symplast are called the endodermis.

Endodermis is a layer of cells in plant roots that forms a barrier between the root's inner and outer cortex. The endodermis controls the water and nutrient movement that enters the xylem and moves upwards into the plant. These cells are the innermost layer of the cortex and are adjacent to the vascular cylinder. The endodermal cells are tightly packed and are characterized by the presence of casparian strips.

They do not have any intercellular space, and therefore materials, including water and minerals, have to pass through the cells instead of between the cells. As a result, the endodermis acts as a selective barrier, allowing only certain materials to enter the plant. The endodermis functions to control the movement of water, minerals, and other dissolved nutrients from the root cortex to the vascular tissues, which are located in the center of the root.

It is through the symplast pathway that the movement of these substances takes place. Therefore, the endodermis cells force all the materials to move through the symplast.

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As a soccer player dodges players of the opposite team on the field, her joints must be stabilized in many different directions. Which tissues help to stabilize joints in motion? Check all of the boxes that apply.

muscles

blood vessels

ligaments

nerves

Answers

Answer: Ligaments and muscles

Explanation:

I said what I said

Answer: muscles and ligaments

Explanation:

which of the following characteristics is not a key innovation that helped vertebrates invade land
1 a pharyngeal slit
2 a dorsol hollow nerve chord
3 a gastrovascular cavity
4 a notochord

Answers

Answer:

B.2

Explanation:

A gastrovascular cavity is not a key innovation that helped vertebrates invade the land. Therefore, option C is correct.

What is a gastrovascular cavity?

The characteristic that is not a key innovation that helped vertebrates invade land is a gastrovascular cavity. A gastrovascular cavity is a digestive chamber that has only one opening through which food enters and waste is eliminated. This structure is found in some invertebrates, such as cnidarians and flatworms, but not in vertebrates.

The other three characteristics listed are key innovations that helped vertebrates invade the land:

Pharyngeal slits are used for filter feeding in aquatic organisms, but in terrestrial organisms, they evolved into gill arches, which supported the development of the jaw and the ear.A dorsal hollow nerve cord evolved into the spinal cord and central nervous system in vertebrates.A notochord provides support and rigidity to the body in early embryonic development and is found in all chordates, including vertebrates.

Thus, option C is correct.

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Explain how both nucleic acids and proteins are polymers. be sure to describe the monomers that make up the polymers.

Answers

Answer:

Both nucleic acids and proteins are made of the repeating monomer units, which is why they are considered polymers. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides, which consist of a phosphate, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base. Proteins are composed of amino acids.

Explanation:

I hope this helps. :)))

Explain in terms of osmosis how drinking too much water and not going to
the bathroom can be harmful. Circle the correct choice:

a. When several bottles of water were consumed there was a higher
concentration(inside her cells) or (outside her cells)

b. This caused the water molecules to move (nto her cells) or (out of
her cells)

C. This caused her cells to (shrivel and die) or (swell and explode)

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The answer please will give brainliest

The answer please will give brainliest

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

Answer:

false

Explanation:

as you go deeper into the earth's crust the core gets hotter due to magma underneath it, the pressure also increases

10 A solution of sugarcone was, boiled with hydrochloric acid Sodium carbonate was heated with a Benedict solution An orange precipitate was formed .Why' was e solution boiled with hydrochloric acid.​

Answers

Answer:

the answer to the nearest whole thing was that a few times now that I have the same

D 5. What is ecosystem diversity? the number of different genes in an ecosystem O the number of different ecosystems in an area the number of different niches in an ecosystem the number of different nutrients in an ecosystem ​

Answers

Answer:

Option 2

Explanation:

Ecosystem diversity refers to the number of different ecosystems in an area.

Which has more of an effect on Earth’s tides, the Moon or the Sun. Explain your answer.

Answers

Answer:

The moon does due to gravitational pull on the earth.

Answer:

The moon

Explanation:

its closer

Which conclusion can you draw from the information shown in the graph?
A. Carbon dioxide levels are currently much lower than normal.
B. Carbon dioxide levels are currently higher than they have ever
been.
C. Carbon dioxide levels in the past have been as high as they are
now.
D. Carbon dioxide levels are always about the same.

Which conclusion can you draw from the information shown in the graph?A. Carbon dioxide levels are currently

Answers

B. Carbon dioxide levels are currently higher than ever

Answer:

The answer is B. Here is proof. Plz mark brainliest

Explanation:

Which conclusion can you draw from the information shown in the graph?A. Carbon dioxide levels are currently

which character would be a symplesiomorphy of the clade reptilia in the tree above? determinate growth hole in the skull in front of the eye socket fused bones form carapace amniotic egg s-shaped neck

Answers

The character that would be a symplesiomorphy of the clade Reptilia in the tree above is the amniotic egg. Option C is correct.

An amniotic egg is an egg that is surrounded by a membrane, the amnion, that provides protection and allows gas exchange, and contains an embryo that is nourished by the yolk. The amniotic egg is a key adaptation of the reptiles, which allowed them to reproduce on land and freed them from the need to return to the water to lay their eggs.

The other characters listed are either synapomorphies or homoplasies that evolved in different lineages of the reptiles or are shared with other groups of organisms. For example, the determinate growth is a synapomorphy of turtles, the hole in the skull in front of the eye socket is a homoplasy that evolved independently in multiple lineages, the fused bones form carapace is a synapomorphy of turtles, and the S-shaped neck is a synapomorphy of the clade Sauropsida, which includes reptiles and birds.

Hence, C is the correct option.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Which character would be a symplesiomorphy of the clade reptilia in the tree above? A) determinate growth hole in the skull in front of the eye socket B) fused bones form carapace C) amniotic egg D) s-shaped neck."--

Could someone please help me with question 21

Could someone please help me with question 21

Answers

Answer:

22

Explanation:

the egg of a rabbit contains 22 chromosomes, a somatic cell of a rabbit would contain twice as many chromosomes, for a total of 44

The group of cells in the hypothalamus that is stimulated by food intake is known as the ________ center.
A) eating
B) satiety
C) basal
D) energy

Answers

The group of cells in the hypothalamus that is stimulated by food intake is known as the eating center. The correct option is A) eating.

The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that links the nervous system to the endocrine system through the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus contains various nuclei that regulate a variety of physiological and behavioral processes, including the regulation of appetite and energy expenditure.

There are two types of nuclei present in the hypothalamus; one is the hunger (feeding) center, and the other is the satiety center. Hunger refers to the desire to consume food, while satiety refers to the sensation of being full or satisfied after eating. The hunger center is responsible for stimulating food intake, while the satiety center is responsible for suppressing food intake.

The hypothalamus, which is the area of the brain that regulates eating and drinking, is stimulated when the body requires food. Hormonal changes signal the hypothalamus to increase or decrease appetite, depending on the body's needs. Eating too much or too little can lead to hormonal imbalances, resulting in obesity or anorexia.

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What would be the main problem with reproduction if meiosis did not take place to form sex cells?

A. The zygote would have two nuclei.

B. Fertilization would result in a zygote with half as many chromosomes as the parents.

C. Fertilization would result in a zygote with twice as many chromosomes as the parents.

D. The zygote would have no nucleus.

Answers

Answer: C. Fertilization would result in a zygote with twice as many chromosomes as the parents.

Explanation: Hope this helps

Answer:

The zygote would have two nuclie

Explanation:

what is a likely consequence of such an event on the genetic composition of the island population compared to the mainland population

Answers

A likely consequence of a genetic bottleneck event on an island population compared to a mainland population is a decrease in genetic diversity and an increase in genetic drift.

A genetic bottleneck occurs when a population undergoes a dramatic reduction in size, leading to a significant decrease in genetic diversity. This can occur as a result of a natural disaster, human intervention, or other factors. In the case of an island population, the bottleneck event may be due to founder effects, where a small group of individuals establish the new population. As a result of reduced genetic diversity, the island population is more susceptible to genetic drift, where certain alleles become more or less common in the population due to chance events. Over time, this can lead to the accumulation of genetic differences between the island and mainland populations.

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has concluded that greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere, due to human activities, have affected Earth's climate. Which of the following statements best explains the connection between rising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and the effects of climate change on ecosystems?

A.
Higher levels of methane have caused increased global precipitation.


B.
Higher levels of carbon dioxide have caused a reduction in ocean pH.


C.
Higher levels of methane have caused algal blooms in lakes and streams.


D.
Higher levels of carbon dioxide have caused an increase in global photosynthesis.

Answers

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

THIS IS MY ANSWER IS PERFECT

Which of the following are potential negative consequences of creating GMOs? (Pick more than one)

Which of the following are potential negative consequences of creating GMOs? (Pick more than one)

Answers

Answer: Introducing unintended diseases...

Creating problems scientists...

Permanently changing DNA...

If you break a magnet into two pieces what happens to its magnetic field?

Answers

Answer:

You would have two poles ( north and south)

If I'm reading the question correctly, you would basically have 2 magnets.

what is the main intramolecular force between two molecules of propanoic acid?

Answers

The main intramolecular force between two molecules of propanoic acid is hydrogen bonding.

define intermolecular forces ?

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between molecules. These forces determine the physical properties of a substance, such as its boiling point, melting point, and viscosity. The main types of intermolecular forces include dipole-dipole forces, ion-dipole forces, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding. The strength of these forces is dependent on the properties of the molecules involved, such as their size, shape, and electronegativity.

Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules, hydrogen bonding occurs between molecules containing hydrogen atoms, and van der Waals forces are attractive forces between neutral molecules. These forces play a crucial role in determining the behavior of molecules in the world around us.

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10. DNA can best be compared to
O the bricks that make up a building.
O an instruction manual.
the people that live in a building.
O the different apartments and offices in a building.

Answers

Answer:

An instruction manual because DNA is what determines everything about you

DNA can best be compared to an instruction manual. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

What is DNA?

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It may be characterized as a type of molecule that is generally present inside cells and contains the genetic information which is ultimately responsible for the development and function of an organism.

The molecules of DNA allow this information to be passed from one generation to the next. According to the question, as DNA represents each and every piece of information about an organism, similarly an instruction manual describe all the processes and function of any object or thing.

Therefore, DNA can best be compared to an instruction manual. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

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Which is the most important product of cellular respiration?
(A) ATP
BADP
C) NADH
D FADH₂

Answers

Answer:

A:

ATP

Explanation:

Science yeah

The Almanac Singers, started by Pete Seeger in 1941, sang about all of the following subjects except

Answers

The Almanac Singers, started by Pete Seeger in 1941, sang about all of the following subjects except "sports cars."

What is the Almanac Singers?

The Almanac Singers were an American New York-based folk music group active between 1940 and 1943. Its members included Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Lee Hays, Millard Lampell, Josh White, Bess Lomax Hawes, Sis Cunningham, and Howie Richmond. They made songs about trade unions, war, and politics. Some of the most popular songs included "The Sinking of the Reuben James" and "Dear Mr. President."The group made songs that were supportive of labor unions, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the American Communist Party. In 1941, the group disbanded after disagreements over its political course and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

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The stem of a plant is experiencing phototropism. Which statement correctly describes the plant's response? (1 point)

the stem moves away light for better photosynthesis

the stem moves towards the light for better photosynthesis

the stem bends to the sides because there are smaller cells on sides

the stem grows upward because Larger cells are growing

Answers

Answer:

The stem moves toward the light for better photosynthesis.

Explanation:

I also took this quiz and got this answer

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