in what stage of the cell cycle does do cellular contents, excluding the chromosomes, become duplicated?
Answers
The duplication of cellular contents, excluding the chromosomes, occurs during the S (synthesis) phase of the cell cycle.
During this phase, the DNA of the cell is replicated, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes. In addition to DNA replication, the cell also duplicates its other cellular components, such as mitochondria, ribosomes, and other organelles. This ensures that each of the resulting daughter cells will have a complete set of necessary components to carry out cellular processes. After the S phase is complete, the cell progresses to the G2 phase, during which it prepares for mitosis and the division of its chromosomes into two daughter cells.
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Related Questions
What type or piece of material culture do you think gives the most information about your society? Why?
Answers
HOPE THIS HELPS!!!!
How does smoking cause bladder cancer? Write a concise answer to this question using scientific language effectively
Answers
Smoking irritates the bladder and can make IC symptoms worse. Incontinence (leaking urine) and Overactive Bladder (OAB), impact more than 33 million men and women. Smoking bothers the bladder and can cause frequent urination. It can also cause coughing spasms that can lead to urine leakage.
This can cause changes to the cells of the bladder lining, which may lead to bladder cancer.
When __________, inorganic ions required for the complete structure of the enzyme, are not incorporated into the enzyme structure, the remaining protein-only portion is called ______. coenzyme / holoenzyme
Answers
In a holoenzyme, inorganic ions required for the complete structure of the enzyme that is not incorporated into the enzyme structure are called coenzymes.
What is a coenzyme?The protein portion of a holoenzyme (i.e., a catalytically active enzyme) is called a coenzyme.
A coenzyme is a non-organic compound needed for the enzymes to have catalytic activity.
Inorganic ions are cofactors that may act during chemical reactions by activating the enzyme catalytic activity.
In conclusion, in a holoenzyme, inorganic ions required for the complete structure of the enzyme that is not incorporated into the enzyme structure are called coenzymes.
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The organism in the photo is a daphnia, or water flea. Daphnia are tiny aquatic organisms that live in most freshwater habitats. Adults range from less than 1 to 5 mm in length. They are good swimmers and eat mostly algae. Daphnia become mature at 5 to 10 days, and an adult female can produce up to 100 eggs every 3 or 4 days during its 2-month life span. When harmful algae rapidly increase in the daphnia environment, daphnia can develop adaptations to tolerate the negative effects of the algae within 10 years. What characteristic of the daphnia allows the population to adapt to environmental change
Answers
Answer:
The characteristic of daphnia which allows the population to adapt to the environmental change is the short generation time.
Explanation:
As evident from the text, the maturity comes in 5 to 10 days and they reproduce for the next 2 months at a rate of 100 eggs every 3/4 days. This is a short generation time which makes the evolutionary changes easy and less time-consuming to incorporate.
the diffusion of water across a tubule is driven by differences in ________ across the membrane.
Answers
The diffusion of water across a tubule is driven by differences in osmotic pressure across the membrane. Osmotic pressure is a measure of the tendency of water to move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
When two solutions of different solute concentrations are separated by a membrane, the higher concentration solution will have a higher osmotic pressure than the lower concentration solution. This difference in osmotic pressure is called the osmotic gradient.
When the membrane is permeable to water, water will move from the side with the lower osmotic pressure to the side with the higher osmotic pressure, creating an equilibrium. This process is known as osmosis, and it is what drives the diffusion of water across a tubule.
The diffusion of water across a tubule is also affected by the permeability of the membrane, which determines the rate at which water can pass through the membrane. The osmotic gradient is the driving force behind the diffusion, while the permeability of the membrane determines the rate at which the diffusion occurs.
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any microorganism capable of disrupting normal physiologic body processes is a:
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Any microorganism capable of disrupting normal physiological body processes is referred to as a pathogen. Pathogens can include various types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
These pathogens have the ability to invade the body, multiply, and cause diseases or infections by disrupting the normal functioning of the body's cells, tissues, and organs. They can interfere with vital processes, damage cells, produce toxins, trigger immune responses, and lead to a wide range of symptoms and health complications. The body's immune system works to recognize and eliminate these pathogens, but in some cases, medical intervention such as antibiotics or antiviral medications may be necessary to combat the infection caused by these disruptive microorganisms.
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Which of the qualities is a major difference between all spore-dispersing and seed-dispersing plants? select all that apply.
Answers
The gametophytes of seed plants are never exposed to the external environment. In seed plants, dispersed spores contain a multicellular gametophyte.
Seed dispersal is the mechanism by which plant seeds are transported to new sites for germination and the establishment of new individuals.
The process by which plant seeds are moved to new locations for germination and the development of new individuals is known as seed dispersal. Animals frequently act as intermediaries in this process, and as a result, the success of their role as seed dispersers determines the fate of the seeds.
Dispersal is the process through which seeds are dispersed by animals or other sources over a large region. Germination is the process of a new plant growing from a seed in ideal conditions.
several methods of seed dispersion: -
Due to gravity, the seed falls to the earth; Seed distribution by wildlife and animals; Fur and feather adaptations for hitchhiking, including hooks, barbs, and spines; Ballistic seed dispersal, which causes seeds to explode and release their seeds; Seed distribution by wind; Human seed dispersion through farming, gardening, and leisure activities, dispersers.To learn more about seed-dispersing visit here:
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Complete Question;
Which of the qualities is a major difference between all spore-dispersing and seed-dispersing plants? select all that apply.
In seed plants, dispersed spores contain a multicellular gametophyte.Seed plants disperse gametes and seeds instead of spores.The sporophyte of seed plants is photosynthetically independent.The gametophytes of seed plants are never exposed to the external environment.The ________ cloud is confined to the middle height range. cirrus cirrostratus nimbostratus altostratus cumulonimbus
Answers
The cloud that is confined to the middle height range is the altostratus cloud. Altostratus clouds are characterized by a uniform gray or blue-gray appearance and cover the sky in a layer. They often indicate the approach of a warm front, and can bring steady precipitation or drizzle.
Altostratus clouds are typically found at altitudes of 2 to 6 kilometers (6,500 to 20,000 feet). They are composed of water droplets and sometimes ice crystals. These clouds are thicker and less transparent than cirrostratus clouds, but not as dense and heavy as nimbostratus clouds.
Unlike cumulonimbus clouds, which are associated with thunderstorms, altostratus clouds do not produce intense vertical development or significant vertical motion. They can sometimes be mistaken for high-level stratus clouds, but their position in the middle height range distinguishes them.
In summary, the cloud confined to the middle height range is the altostratus cloud. It appears as a uniform gray or blue-gray layer, can bring steady precipitation, and is found at altitudes of 2 to 6 kilometers. Altostratus clouds are not as dense as nimbostratus clouds or as transparent as cirrostratus clouds.
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if an atom contains 8 protons and 10 neutrons, what is its atomic number?
Answers
Answer:
The atomic no. is 8
Explanation:
# of protons = atomic number.
In this case the atom is Oxygen
An oxygen ion has 8 protons and 10 electrons. The number of protons tells us the identity of the element because the number of protons is the same.
So, fluorine has 8 protons and 10 neutrons.
Distinguish between living and non-living things
Answers
Answer:
These "things" can be divided into two groups: living things and non-living things. All living things have senses, can breathe, consume, grow, move, and reproduce. Non-living things cannot breathe, move, grow, eat, or reproduce.
Or
Both living and non-living "objects" can be grouped under this general heading. All living things have senses, can breathe, consume, grow, move, and reproduce. Non-living things cannot breathe, move, grow, eat, or reproduce.
Or
There are two categories of these "things": living things and non-living things. All living things have senses, can breathe, consume, grow, move, and reproduce. Non-living things cannot breathe, move, grow, eat, or reproduce.
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What includes the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere produced by business processes and systems?
a. energy consumption
b. ewaste sustainable
c. mis carbon emissions
Answers
Carbon emissions include carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere produced by business processes and systems.
Business processes and systems includes the burning of fuel for heat or power and the chemical reactions in order to produce goods for consumers. This leads to the release of harmful gases like carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
The release of such harmful carbon molecules gases is called carbon emissions. This causes a change in the climate by trapping heat radiation from business processes and industrial waste, and they also contribute to the respiratory disease from air pollution and smog.
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Which of the following reagents in particular must be protected from atmospheric moisture?absolute ethanolbenzaldehydeethyl acetoacetateureazinc chloride
Answers
The reagent that must be protected from atmospheric moisture is zinc chloride.
Zinc chloride is a hygroscopic compound, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air. When exposed to atmospheric moisture, it can form hydrated salts or dissolve in water.
To maintain its effectiveness as a reagent, it should be stored in airtight containers, and precautions must be taken to prevent exposure to moisture during use. Absolute ethanol, benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea are less sensitive to atmospheric moisture and do not require the same level of protection.
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The diagram below shows three different proteins embedded in a cell membrane, as well as
the concentration gradient surrounding the cell.
O
Which of the following statements correctly states the process shown in the diagram?
The process labeled 1 shows how cells can easily move molecules with the concentration gradient using high energy
molecules.
O All three processes show how molecules freely move in and out of the cell regardless of the concentration gradient or
available energy.
The process labeled 3 shows how cells use energy to facilitate the active transport of molecules against the concentration
gradient.
O The process labeled 2 shows how cells move molecules against the concentration gradient without needing high energy
molecules.
Answers
The statement 'the process labeled 3 shows how cells use energy to facilitate the active transport of molecules against the concentration gradient' correctly states the process shown in the diagram.
What is the active transport of molecules across the cell membrane?The active transport of molecules across the cell membrane makes reference to the use of high-energy molecules such as ATP in order to move substances in and out of the cell in a process that goes against a concentration gradient.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the active transport of molecules across the cell membrane requires energy.
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________________ bonds form between amino acids to make a polypeptide, and then the amino acid side chains of the polypeptide attract and repel each other bending the protein into a _______________ shape.
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Peptide bonds form between amino acids to make a polypeptide, and then the amino acid side chains of the polypeptide attract and repel each other bending the protein into a unique three-dimensional shape.
Within a protein, multiple amino acids are connected together by using peptide bonds, thereby forming an extended chain. Peptide bonds are shaped via a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule because it joins the amino institution of 1 amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.
Amino acids are organic compounds that include each amino and carboxylic acid purposeful businesses. even though masses of amino acids exist in nature, in some ways the most vital is the alpha-amino acids, which contain proteins. most effective 22 alpha amino acids appear in the genetic code.
Amino acids are molecules that integrate to shape proteins. Amino acids and proteins are the building blocks of lifestyles. whilst proteins are digested or damaged down, amino acids are left. The human body uses amino acids to make proteins to help the body.
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Simplify -(3g + 3h) + 5g - 10h
Answers
How can a shipwreck that is left in place on the ocean floor benefit marine life?.
Answers
Answer:
Nutrition and Shelter
Explanation:
the remaining fossils and foods can be used as nutrition for algae and fish living in that area. as well as the shelter used for fish to hide and reproduce/rest/cool down.
Answer:
I got you
Explanation: How can a shipwreck that is left in place on the ocean floor benefit marine life - The fossil fuel in its engines can become food for algae and fish. Its interior can release oxygen from the surface to the deep ocean. It can provide a hard surface where organisms can attach and live. Also, the wreck can become an artificial Reef and protection from predators.
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hurry due in five min plz
Answers
Answer:
It's either D or B, I'm not really sure
Explanation:
In 1972, EPA issued a cancellation order for DDT based on its adverse environmental effects, such as those to wildlife, as well as its potential human health risks. Since then, studies have continued, and a relationship between DDT exposure and reproductive effects in humans is suspected, based on studies in animals.
Human health effects from DDT at low environmental doses are unknown. Following exposure to high doses, human symptoms can include vomiting, tremors or shakiness, and seizures. Laboratory animal studies showed effects on the liver and reproduction. DDT is considered a possible human carcinogen.
The molecules shown in this image are able to cross the cell membrane
through facilitated diffusion. How will they be transported?
A. The molecules will move through channels in the membrane hy
proteins from inside the cell to outside the cell.
B. The molecules will move directly across the membrane from
inside the cell to outside the cell.
C. The molecules will move through channels in the membrane proteins from outside the cell to inside the cell.
D. The molecules will move directly across the membrane from the outside the cell to inside the cell.
Answers
Answer:
The molecules will move directly across the membrane from
inside the cell to outside the cell.
Explanation:
Ape-x
Facilitated diffusion is the type of transportation that moves the ions and the molecules. The molecules are transported directly through the membrane from inside to outside. Thus, option B is correct.
What is facilitated diffusion?Facilitated diffusion is the transportation of the molecules and ions across the cell membrane along the concentration gradient. It is a passive transport that involves the movement down the gradient.
The molecules are transported by the membrane proteins that facilitate their movement from inside of the cell towards the outer space of the cell. Unlike simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion uses energy in the form of ATP.
Therefore, the molecules present inside the cells will move directly towards the outside of the cell.
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If the half-life of carbon 14 is about 5730 years, then a fossil that has one-sixteenth the normal production of carbon-14 to carbon-12 should be about how many years old?
Answers
A fossil that has one-sixteenth the normal production of carbon-14 to carbon-12 is most likely very old. This is because carbon-14 has a relatively short half-life of 5730 years, meaning that after this amount of time, half of the amount of carbon-14 in an organism or object would have already decayed.
Since the fossil being discussed has one-sixteenth of the normal production of carbon-14 to carbon-12, this would suggest the fossil is at least 8 times the half-life, or 45,840 years old. Carbon-14 is necessary to measure the age of an object, and due to the fact that this fossil has only one-sixteenth of the normal carbon-14, it can be deduced that it is very old.
It is also possible that the fossil is much older than this calculation, but because of the short half-life of carbon-14, any other amounts which may have been present before the 45,840 year mark has decayed away. In conclusion, a fossil that has one-sixteenth the normal production of carbon-14 to carbon-12 is estimated to be 45,840 years old or older.
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How does the washing of hands help prevent a societal problem?
It keeps water supplies clean.
It helps treat inherited disease.
It helps protect the environment.
It reduces the spread of disease.
Answers
Answer:
It reduces the spread of disease
Assignment 1: Evidence for Evolution
Patterns based on observations of fossils:
[Example:] The observation made by Darwin that living species of armadillo can be found in the same area of Argentina where fossils of extinct glyptodonts were reported. Both species are very similar, with the glyptodon being like a giant armadillo. This observation can be explained if the two species are evolutionary related, thus belonging to the same lineage of species but with modifications.
Source: Charles Darwin’s Evidence for Evolution, by Dr. Niles Eldredge
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.
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B. Patterns based on observations of similarities among species:
.
.
.
C. Patterns based on observations regarding the distribution of organisms
.
.
Answers
The distribution of organisms provides evidence for evolution through patterns observed in geographic distribution, endemic species on islands, and changes in distribution seen in the fossil record.
Observations regarding the distribution of organisms provide valuable evidence for evolution. One such pattern is the geographic distribution of species. Similar environments often contain distinct yet closely related species. This can be observed in different regions around the world.
For example, the marsupials in Australia, such as kangaroos, koalas, and wombats, show remarkable similarities in their reproductive and developmental characteristics. These similarities suggest a common ancestry and adaptive radiation in response to the unique Australian environment.
Another significant observation is the presence of endemic species on islands. Islands provide isolated habitats, allowing for unique evolutionary processes to occur. The Galapagos Islands, famously studied by Darwin, exhibit an array of species found nowhere else on Earth.
The finches he observed there had different beak shapes and sizes, each adapted for specialized feeding habits. This diversification is thought to have occurred through natural selection acting on a common ancestor.
Furthermore, fossil records indicate that the distribution of organisms has changed over time. For instance, the discovery of similar fossils in South America and Africa suggests that these continents were once connected, supporting the theory of continental drift and explaining the presence of related species in both regions.
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A B C or D Answer Helpppppppppppppp
Answers
a (i think)
have a good day
Under which conditions does the catabolite activated protein in bacteria become inactive? low lactose low glucose high lactose high glucose high glucose and low lactose D45. Which of the following is necessary for the activation of the catabolite activated protein? beta-galactosidase permease transacetylase adenylate cyclase all of the above D46. The products of the structural genes of the trp operon are necessary for: the utilization of tryptophan for energy the biosynthesis of tryptophan the isomerization of tryptophan the inactivation of the repressor protein bec all of the above D39. Which nucleotide begins the first transesterification reaction? 2 x > N none of the above
Answers
The catabolite activated protein (CAP) in bacteria becomes inactive under **high glucose** and low lactose conditions. Activation of CAP requires **adenylate cyclase**.
CAP, also known as catabolite activator protein, is involved in regulating the transcription of various operons in response to changes in nutrient availability. When glucose levels are high, catabolite repression occurs, leading to the inactivation of CAP. This is because the presence of glucose decreases the level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the cell. CAP needs to bind to cAMP to become active, and this binding is facilitated by adenylate cyclase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP. In low lactose conditions, the lac operon, responsible for lactose metabolism, is not induced, further promoting CAP inactivation. Overall, high glucose and low lactose conditions lead to CAP inactivity, thus preventing the transcription of certain operons in bacteria.
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Which category is the dependent variable?
Answers
Answer:
the answer is no.2.
Explanation:
i am not sure about it
Cells have______of enzymes to act as biological _______.
Answers
Please help me with this due tomorrow can't find the answer anywhere else.
Answers
Characteristics of Living Organisms: Ability to reproduce independently, ability to grow
Characteristics of Viruses: Not made of cells, have a protein coat instead of a membrane.
Characteristics of Both: Can have a DNA genome, may mutate and evolve
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Cells need oxygen and nutrients to function well and get rid of waste products produced incellular reactions. Which system participates in these exchanges?
Answers
Answer:
cardiovascular system
Answer:
circulatory systemA requirement for the circulatory system to carry out its function of bringing blood close to cells so that the exchange of nutrients (e.g., oxygen) and wastes can take place by diffusion is that the blood be able to flow through the complicated networks of blood vessels in the various organs
select the part that contains the information that a plant cell uses for growth and activities.
Answers
Plant cells use various nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, for growth and activities.
These nutrients are absorbed by the plant roots from the soil and transported throughout the plant by the vascular system. In addition to nutrients, plant cells also require energy for growth and activities, which is generated through photosynthesis in chloroplasts. The products of photosynthesis, such as glucose and starch, are used by the plant for energy storage and cellular respiration. Plant cells also rely on hormones, such as auxins and gibberellins, for growth and development, and these hormones are synthesized and transported to target tissues within the plant. Overall, the growth and activity of plant cells are regulated by complex biochemical and physiological processes that involve many different components and factors.
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Which compound is a metabolic intermediate of the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
ATP
PGA
RuBP
NADPH
Answers
PGA (phosphoglycerate) is a metabolic intermediate of the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct statement is option B.
What is PGA (phosphoglycerate)?A metabolic intermediate in photosynthesis's light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, is PGA (phosphoglycerate). The Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) enzyme is responsible for fixing carbon dioxide into PGA during the Calvin cycle.
After that, PGA is transformed into other compounds like glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and glucose, which can be stored in plant tissues or used as energy.
The Calvin cycle gets its energy and reducing power from the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis, which produce ATP and NADPH. RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate) is the underlying carbon dioxide acceptor atom in the Calvin cycle.
Therefore, PGA (phosphoglycerate) is a metabolic intermediate of the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis.
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4. what are the major steps that occur during cellular respiration? what happens in each step (summarize briefly the key point(s))?
Answers
Cellular respiration is the process of breaking down food molecules to obtain energy. Three major steps that occur during cellular respiration are Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the Electron transport chain.
The following are the three major steps that occur during cellular respiration:
1. Glycolysis
The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis. In glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate in the cytoplasm of the cell. This process releases a small amount of energy, which is stored in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
2. Krebs cycle
After glycolysis, the pyruvate molecules are transported to the mitochondria for the Krebs cycle. In the Krebs cycle, the pyruvate molecules are broken down into carbon dioxide, releasing more energy, which is stored in ATP.
3. Electron transport chain
The final stage of cellular respiration is the electron transport chain. In this stage, energy is transferred from the NADH and FADH₂ molecules produced in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to create a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. This gradient drives the synthesis of ATP through a process called chemiosmosis.
Overall, the process of cellular respiration involves breaking down food molecules to obtain energy in the form of ATP. Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three major steps involved in this process.
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