Imagine that all plant life on earth was suddenly wiped out. What effect would this have on the atmospheric gases and how would this ultimately affect earths climate?

Plastic can contribute to environmental issues by polluting and harming many species. There is a large amount of plastic trash in the ocean that have already caused problems to marine ecosystems. It happens because plastic takes up to 400 years to decompose, releasing toxins and sticking around the environment. It harms not only marine ecosystem, but all the nature can be affected by it. There is also a large amount of plastic trash on land, affecting habitats and species.

Answer:

Option D. Less; acclimatization. In the summer, leaves of E. farinosa show less pubescence (or hairiness) than in the winter. This change in pubescence is an example of acclimatization.

Explanation:

In the case of E. farinosa, the reduction of pubescence during the summer may help to reduce water loss through transpiration, as less surface area is available for water evaporation. This acclimatization helps the plant to conserve water and maintain its hydration in the warmer and drier conditions of the summer. On the other hand, the increased pubescence during the winter may help to protect the plant from the harsh environmental conditions, such as strong winds, frost, and cold temperatures, by providing a physical barrier and insulating the leaves. Overall, the changes in pubescence of E. farinosa are an example of how plants can adapt to their acclimatization and optimize their survival by making adjustments to various physical and physiological traits.

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Answer:

Alkalines (base)

Explanation:

The description you gave above finely fits into the description of alkalines.

1. True
The statement is True. The gummy bears not placed in water or salt water serves as a control for comparison. 2. TrueA gummy bear placed in salt water swells (becomes larger) since the salt enters the gummy bear.

3. TrueDiffusion is defined as the movement from an area of high concentration to low concentration.More than 100 refers to any number greater than 100. It could be 101, 300, 5,000, and so on. It is a general statement that specifies that the number is more than a hundred, indicating that the number could be any value that is greater than 100.

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The method used to study long-range chromosome interactions is "Chromosome conformation capture assays." Chromosome conformation capture assays, such as Hi-C, 3C, 4C, and 5C, are techniques that allow researchers to investigate the spatial organization and interactions between different regions of chromosomes.

These assays involve cross-linking chromatin, followed by fragmentation and ligation of interacting DNA fragments. Subsequent analysis, such as sequencing or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can then be performed to identify and quantify the interactions between specific genomic regions, providing insights into the 3D structure and long-range interactions within chromosomes.

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a different technique used to study protein-DNA interactions, while Northern Blot is a method to detect specific RNA molecules, and digestion by restriction endonucleases is used for DNA analysis and mapping.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Based on the information provided, the fact that cross sections of different areas of the same plant show cells with very different structures suggests that the cells in these two areas have different functions (Option C).

Different cell structures typically indicate specialized functions. Different areas of a plant may serve distinct purposes, such as leaf cells specializing in photosynthesis or root cells specializing in absorption of water and nutrients. The variations in cell structure reflect these functional differences in different plant regions.

Involved in energy exchange is a feature of phosphorus. Option B is the correct answer.

Phosphorus is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism. It is involved in energy exchange through its participation in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary energy currency of cells.

Phosphorus is a key component of ATP, and when ATP is broken down, it releases energy that is utilized by the body for various physiological processes. Therefore, option b is the correct answer as it correctly identifies one of the main features of phosphorus in relation to energy exchange.

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The question is -

Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus?

a. Ranks lowest among the minerals in the amount present in the body

b. Involved in energy exchange

c. Activates fat-soluble vitamins

d. Ranks highest among the minerals in the amount present in the body

Answer:

it produces 38 atp from 1 molcule

The two reasons behind cells can form tumors are:

•Continuous cell division

•Too little cell division

Changes in qualities can cause malignant growth by speeding up cell division rates or restraining typical controls on the framework, for example, cell cycle capture or customized cell passing. As a mass of dangerous cells develops, it can form into a growth.

The reason behind cell can form tumors is because at the point when cells become old or become harmed, they pass on, and new cells have their spot. In some cases this systematic cycle separates, and strange or harmed cells develop and duplicate when they shouldn't. These cells might frame cancers or tumors, which are pieces of tissue.

The factors which responsible for formation of tumors are :

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Answer:

A) the ability to remember the antigen it encounters

Adaptative immunity reacts in a more general way producing nonspecific antibodies against the foreign antigen when the organism is first attacked by that foreign antigen. The second time around, when the organism is faced again with the same foreign antigen, it produces a much stronger response because it memorised the antigen and is not strange anymore so the response can be more specific, quicker, and effective.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

memory T cells plays an important role in fighting against microbe which encounter the body for second time

Transcription is mRNA synthesis, which occurs by complementing a segment of the DNA template strand. The translation is the protein growth, which occurs by adding amino acids coded by mRNA codons. C) the polypeptide is 6 amino acids long.  

The whole process of protein synthesis includes Transcription and translation.

TRANSCRIPTION

Transcription is the mRNA synthesis process and occurs in the nucleus.

The DNA template strand is read in direction 3'→ 5' to build the mRNA molecule in direction 5'→ 3'. The template strand is the one that is going to be complemented by the mRNA.

mRNA molecule has the same sequence as the DNA coding strand, but it carries uracil instead of thymine.

TRANSLATION

Translation is the process through which polypeptide grows. It occurs in the cytoplasm.

rRNA and tRNA read mRNA in the direction 5'→ 3' and add the correct amino acids to build the new protein.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA codons. Protein synthesis initiates in the AUG start codon -Metionin- and ends when reaching either of the stop codons UAA, UAG, or UGA.

In the exposed example, we have a DNA strand. We know that it is the coding strand, so it has the same sequence as mRNA molecule.

5' AATCCGTATCTATGACCGTTTGGAAACACTAAGCGGTACTC 3'

5' AAUCCGUAUCUAUGACCGUUUGGAAACACUAAGCGGUACUC 3'

Kowing mRNA sequence, we can grow the protein.

So first, we need to find the initiation codon (AUG), begining from the mRNA 5' extreme. Then we need to find a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA).

5' AAUCCGUAUCUAUGACCGUUUGGAAACACUAAGCGGUACUC 3'

5' AAUCCGUAUCUAUGACCGUUUGGAAACACUAAGCGGUACUC 3'

So this protein begins in AUG and ends in UAA.

To grow the protein, we need to separate mRNA codons and find the corresponding amino acids.

According to this reasoning, the polypeptide is 6 amino acids long. Option C) is correct.

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Answer:

The symbiotic relationship between an anemone (Heteractis magnifica) and a clownfish (Amphiron ocellaris) is a classic example of two organisms benefiting the other; the anemone provides the clownfish with protection and shelter, while the clownfish provides the anemone nutrients in the form of waste while also scaring

Answer:

B. The Clownfish get protection and the anemone gets leftover food.

Explanation:

This is the right answer since clownfish stay in amemone's for protection and what ever food the clownfish dosen't eat they give it to the anemone

Long-term suppression of thirst does not result when blood osmolality and volumes are within normal ranges. False.

Thirst is primarily regulated by the hypothalamus in response to changes in blood osmolality and volume. When blood osmolality increases or blood volume decreases, the hypothalamus triggers the sensation of thirst to encourage water intake and restore the body's fluid balance. Once the body's fluid balance is restored, the sensation of thirst diminishes.

However, the absence of thirst does not indicate that blood osmolality and volumes are within normal ranges. Other factors can influence thirst regulation, such as hormonal imbalances, certain medications, and certain medical conditions. It is important to note that thirst is a complex physiological process, and various factors can impact its regulation.

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Answer:

Statement 1.) Both saturated and unsaturated fats.

Statement 2.) Saturated fat

Statement 3.) Unsaturated fat

Statement 4.) Unsaturated fat

Statement 5.) Both saturated and unsaturated fats.

Statement 6.) Saturated fat.

Explanation:

Fatty acids are straight chain carbon compounds of varying lengths. It is an important component of lipid in plant and animals. All fats are known to contain nine calories per gram, therefore can add to the weight of an individual. There are two type of fatty acids which includes:

--> Saturated fatty acids: these are fatty acids that contains no double bonds making it solid at room temperature. They are usually found in animal products such as milk, cheese and meat. They are absorbed in the villi of small intestine after digestion. One of the disadvantages of consuming diet rich in saturated fat is Saturated fats might increase LDL cholesterol levels. These are the bad cholesterol which are affected by inhibiting the LDL receptor activities leading to its increase. This can lead to heart disease conditions.

--> Unsaturated fatty acids: These are fatty acids which may contain one or more double bonds making it liquid at room temperature. They are found in plant oil (omega 6) and fish oil (omega 3). When consumed, they are absorbed in the villi of small intestine and helps maintain a good balance of cholesterol in blood.

Answer:

1.) Both saturated and unsaturated fats.

2.) Saturated fat

3.) Unsaturated fat

4.) Unsaturated fat

5.) Both saturated and unsaturated fats.

6.) Saturated fat.

Explanation:

plato

Following Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equations, and considering a diallelic gene, if p = 0.37, then q = 0.63. The frequency of the recessive allele -q- is 0.63.

To answer this question, we will assume Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a theory that states that a population in equilibrium will express the same allelic and genotypic frequencies through several generations.

Assuming a diallelic gene,

• The frequency of the dominant allele p(X) is p

• The frequency of the recessive allele p(x) is q

The addition of the allelic frequencies equals 1

p + q = 1.

• p² (Homozygous dominant genotypic frequency),

• 2pq (Heterozygous genotypic frequency),

• q² (Homozygous recessive genotypic frequency).

The sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

Allelic and genotypic frequencies remain the same through generations in a population that is in H-W equilibrium.

In the exposed example, we have a diallelic gene. We already know the frequency of the dominant allele (p = 0.37) and now we need to know the frequency of the recessive allele (q = ?). All we need to do is to clear the following equation,

p + q = 1

0.37 + q = 1

q = 1 - 0.37

q = 0.63

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The three major steps of cellular respiration for eukaryotes and where they take place are:

1. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells.

2. The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria of cells.

3. The electron transport chain takes place in the mitochondria of cells.

What is Cellular Respiration?

Cellular respiration is the process of breaking down food (glucose) to get energy in the form of ATP. It is a series of chemical reactions that take place in cells. Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three main steps of cellular respiration. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells, while the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain take place in the mitochondria of cells.In Glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate, and it occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. ATP is produced, and NADH is formed as a result of the reaction. The Krebs cycle is a process that takes place in the mitochondria. The acetyl CoA is oxidized in the Krebs cycle to produce carbon dioxide and ATP, and NADH is formed as a result of the reaction.The electron transport chain is a process that takes place in the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2, which were formed in the Krebs cycle, are oxidized, and ATP is produced. During the electron transport chain, electrons move through a series of proteins, and energy is released in the form of ATP.

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Answer:

Circum-Pacific belt

Explanation:

it is the belt that goes around the Pacific Ocean longest

Answer: You had it correct

Explanation:

A derived trait is any trait that is carried down species through a cladogram.  Thus, all of the previously listed traits are derived, because they were passed down to species furhter on the cladogram.

Answer:

Astronomy is the study of everything in the universe beyond Earth's atmosphere. That includes objects we can see with our naked eyes, like the Sun , the Moon , the planets, and the stars .

Explanation:

Answer:

Study of stars

Explanation:

it's dated back to the 6th century BC. Detailed records of observations were kept from about the 6th century BC, until the introduction of Western astronomy and the telescope in the 17th century. Chinese astronomers were able to precisely predict eclipses. Much of early Chinese astronomy was for the purpose of timekeeping.

Answer:

Cell Membrane---Semi-permeable

Explanation:

All cells have cell membranes, regardless of the type, and they are all semi-permeable, or selectively permeable, which means they can regulate what enters and leaves the cell.

Answer:

A coment

Explanation:

The Golgi apparatus is a complex organelle composed of stacked cisternae that plays a crucial role in the modification, sorting and transport of macromolecules within a cell. The structure of the Golgi is divided into 3 regions, cis-Golgi, medial-Golgi and trans-Golgi and its functions are related with the processing and distribution of proteins and lipids.

The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body, is a cellular organelle that plays a vital role in the processing and transport of proteins and lipids within a cell.

In terms of structure, the Golgi apparatus is made up of a series of stacked, flattened membranes known as cisternae. These cisternae are organized into three main regions: the cis-Golgi, medial-Golgi, and trans-Golgi.

The cis-Golgi is located closest to the endoplasmic reticulum and is responsible for the initial modification of proteins and lipids.

The medial-Golgi and trans-Golgi are responsible for further processing and sorting of these molecules before they are transported to their final destinations.

The main function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify, sort and package macromolecules such as proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteins and lipids enter the cis-Golgi and are then modified, folded and sorted into vesicles that are then transported to their final destinations. Some molecules may be transported out of the cell, others may be sent to lysosomes for degradation, and still others may be sent to other organelles within the cell.

In addition, the Golgi also plays a role in the formation of lysosomes and in the formation of certain types of secretory vesicles, which are used to transport molecules out of the cell.

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During G1 phase in mitosis the cell undergoes the first growth, in which the organelles are being copied and the cell prepares for the duplication of DNA. The DNA is copied during the S phase and the G2 phase starts after that. During the G2 phase, the cell undergoes the second growth, in which proteins and organelles are still replicating but also preparing for cell division.

So, during G1 phase the DNA is not duplicated, and during G2 phase it is.

During G1 phase occurs the frist growth, and during G2 phase occurs the second growth.

During G1 phase the cell prepares for DNA duplication, and during G2 phase the cell prepares for cell division.

Answer:

The G1 phase is the first phase of the interphase of the cell cycle in which the cell shows growth by synthesizing proteins and other molecules.

The G2 phase is the third phase of the interphase of the cell cycle in which the cell prepares for nuclear division by making necessary proteins and other components.

The figure shows a tree diagram with two main branches. The first branch leads to Drosophila. The second branch divides into two branches 3a and 3b. Branch 3a leads to Lancelet. Branch 3b divides into two branches: 4a and 4b. Branch 4a leads to Zebrafish. Branch 4b divides into two branches: 5a and 5b. Branch 5a leads to Frog. Branch 5b divides into two branches: 6a and 6b. Branch 6a leads to Chicken. Branch 6b divides into two branches leading to Human and Mouse, respectively.

This phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing sequences for a homologous gene involved in development. Select the correct statement.

The nucleotide sequence of this gene in a mouse is more similar to the sequence in a chicken, and both are less similar to the nucleotide sequence of this gene in a frog.

A frog is the ancestor of both a mouse and a chicken.

The common ancestor of a human and a frog and the common ancestor of a mouse and a chicken lived at the same time.

Answer:

The answer is below

Explanation:

Given the information above, and from the available pictures which showed the detailed analysis of the information presented in the question. It can be concluded that, the nucleotide sequence of this gene in a mouse is more similar to the sequence in a chicken, and both are less similar to the nucleotide sequence of this gene in a frog.

Hence, the right answer is option B.

In conclusion, the (C) sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in the regulation of muscle contraction by storing and releasing calcium ions.

The muscle cell structure that stores calcium ions used to trigger contraction is the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized type of endoplasmic reticulum found in muscle cells. It wraps around the myofibrils, which are responsible for muscle contraction. Within the sarcoplasmic reticulum, calcium ions are stored in high concentrations. When a muscle cell is stimulated, these calcium ions are released into the cytoplasm of the cell. This triggers a series of events that ultimately leads to muscle contraction. In conclusion, the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in the regulation of muscle contraction by storing and releasing calcium ions.

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The gradual changes that occur in all persons as they age is called natural aging.

Aging is the natural, gradual process of physical and biological changes that occur over time in living organisms, leading to a decline in bodily function and an increased risk of disease and death.

Natural aging refers to the gradual and inevitable process of bodily changes that occur as a person grows older, including changes in physical appearance, bodily functions, and susceptibility to age-related diseases. It is a normal part of the human life cycle.

According to the guven information:

The gradual changes that occur in all persons as they age is called natural aging. Natural aging is a normal process that affects everyone and is caused by various factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. These changes can affect the physical, cognitive, and emotional aspects of an individual's life. Some of the common changes associated with natural aging include wrinkles, gray hair, decreased vision and hearing, decreased bone density, and slower metabolism. However, it is important to note that everyone ages differently, and some individuals may experience these changes at a faster or slower rate than others.

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Answer: A

Explanation:

(A) A mutation is a small-scale change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule. A point mutation is shown but there are several other types of mutation, ... Replication errors can also lead to insertion and deletion mutations ... on function, but longer extensions might interfere with folding of the protein and so result in ...

In the peripheral nervous system, sensory neurons carry messages from special sense receptors in the skin, muscles, and other internal and external sense organs to the spinal cord.

One of the two primary divisions of the nervous system, together with the central nervous system (CNS), is the peripheral nervous system (PNS). All of the nerves and ganglia (groups of nerve cell bodies) that are outside of the brain and spinal cord are included in it. The central nervous system and the rest of the body are linked by the peripheral nervous system, enabling the transmission of sensory data from the body to the CNS and the relay of movement instructions from the CNS to the muscles and organs.

The central nervous system (CNS) receives sensory data from sensory receptors through sensory neurons, also referred to as afferent neurons. They are a crucial component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which is what allows us to see and communicate with the outside world.

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