imagine a cell with a genetic mutation that prevents it from synthesizing functional cohesins. at what stage might the cell cycle be disrupted? support your answer with evidence from the text.
Answers
A genetic mutation that prevents a cell from synthesizing functional cohesions is likely to disrupt the later stages of the cell cycle, specifically during mitosis.
Interphase, which is made up of the G1, S, and G2 phases, and mitosis are two stages of the highly regulated cell cycle (which consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). Sister chromatids are held together by cohesions during the S phase of interphase following DNA replication and to ensure appropriate segregation of them during mitosis.
Studies of cohesion-related genetic illnesses, such Roberts syndrome and Cornelia de Lange syndrome, which are brought on by cohesion gene mutations, provide evidence in favor of this. These syndromes are linked to a variety of developmental abnormalities, such as craniofacial defects, limb abnormalities and intellectual disability. It is thought that these abnormalities are brought on by cell cycle disruptions and altered gene expression patterns as a result of faulty cohesion function.
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Related Questions
how an atom change if all of its electrons are removed
Answers
Answer:
If all the electrons of an atom are removed, it will change to become a positively charged ion called a cation. Additionally, the loss of all of its electrons means there is no negative charge to balance the positive charges of the protons.
Explanation:
Why do methane is a gas at room temperature and water is a liquid, even though both molecules are similar in size and mass?
Please help
Answers
Answer:
Water can hydrogen bond.
Explanation:
Liquids become gases once they are heated to a certain temperature. Heat is a form of energy. This change occurs when the intermolecular forces between the liquid molecules are energized enough to break. This breakage is necessary because gaseous molecules exist individually and do not interact with one another. That being said, it takes more heat to boil water because its intermolecular forces are stronger than methanes.
Intermolecular forces (IMF) are a result of partial charges on the molecular atoms that cause temporary bonds to form between molecules.
Methane is a nonpolar molecule, meaning each atom can only have slight partial charges. The strongest IMF methane participates in are London Dispersion Forces.
Water, however, is a polar molecule, with the hydrogens having strong partial positive charges and the oxygens having strong partial negative charges. This allows water to participate in a very strong IMF called hydrogen bonding. Again, because these partial charges are so strong, the water molecules can form stronger IMFs.
*When molecules have stronger IMFs, they require more energy(heat) to overcome them.*
DNA polymerases also have nuclease activities. Which of the following is not a use for the nuclease activity of DNA polymerase I?
-proofreading during synthesis
-trimming single-stranded ends
-removal of RNA primers
-degradation of viral DNAs
-removal of DNA lesions during repair
Answers
The use of the nuclease activity of DNA polymerase I that is not related to its function is degradation of viral DNAs. DNA polymerases have nuclease activity that helps in proofreading during synthesis, trimming single-stranded ends, removal of RNA primers, and removal of DNA lesions during repair.
DNA polymerase I has both 5' to 3' polymerase and exonuclease activity, which enables it to remove RNA primers and to proofread during DNA synthesis. The 3' to 5' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase I helps in removing DNA lesions during repair by cutting out the damaged nucleotides from the strand. Additionally, it can also trim single-stranded ends during DNA replication, which is required to create blunt ends for ligation in cloning procedures. However, DNA polymerases do not have a specific nuclease activity for the degradation of viral DNAs. Thus, the nuclease activity of DNA polymerase I is primarily involved in DNA synthesis, repair, and modification and not degradation of viral DNAs.
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Saprophytes are fungi that feed on dead and decomposing organisms
Answers
Saprophytes are fungi that feed on dead and decomposing organisms they secrete enzymes that digest additives of cell walls, including cellulose and lignin.
Why are fungi called as the saprophytes?Fungi purpose decay through liberating enzymes onto the lifeless animal or plant. These smash down complicated compounds into easy soluble ones that may be absorbed through decomposers. Organisms that feed on lifeless on this manner are referred to as saprophytes.
Saprophytes are residing organisms that stay and feed at the stays of different organisms i.e on lifeless and decaying organisms. Saprophytes, additionally called saprotrophs. They are immensely crucial for soil biology.
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4
The cell membrane controls the rate at which molecules, such as water and oxygen,
enter the cell to maintain homeostasis. This rate is determined by the -
F permeability of the cell membrane
G mass of the nucleus
H stage of the cell cycle
J primary function of the cell
5
Some solutes move freely across cell membranes, while other solutes require
assistance from special gates. Passive transport and active transport are methods of
moving solutes across cell membranes.
Which of the following accurately describes the difference between passive transport
and active transport?
A Passive transport can move molecules both in and out of a cell, but active transport
cannot.
B Passive transport works against a concentration gradient, but active transport does
not.
C Passive transport does not require energy, but active transport does.
D Passive transport requires carrier proteins, but active transport does not.
Answers
Answer:
the first one is F, the permeability. the second is C
Question 4: The permeability of the cell membrane determines the rate at which molecules enter a cell.
Question 5: The statement that describes the difference between passive and active transport is "Passive transport does not require energy, but active transport does"
CELL MEMBRANE:
The cell membrane is the organelle that bounds the cell and its component.The cell membrane is referred to as a semipermeable membrane because it selectively allows the passage of molecules in and out of the cell. However, the rate at which molecules enter a cell is determined by the permeability of the cell membrane. The cell membrane is permeable to some molecules but not permeable to others.CELLULAR TRANSPORT:
The transport of substances in and out a cell can be of two types namely: active transport and passive transport. Active transport is the type of transport that involves the use of energy in form of ATP. In active transport, substance move against a concentration gradient. On the other hand, passive transport does not require energy input because movement of substances occur down a gradient. Therefore, the statement that describes the difference between passive and active transport is "Passive transport does not require energy, but active transport does".Learn more at: https://brainly.com/question/18067330?referrer=searchResults
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What is the effect of the growth of a population in an ecosystem?
A fewer resources for each individual in the population.
B greater amount of resources in the ecosystem.
C decrease in the amount of resources needed by each individual.
D An increase in the size of the ecosystem.
Answers
what is an antibiotic
Answers
The RDA for calcium changes from _____ to _____at the age of 19.
A. 500 mg; 1,000 mg
B. 1,300 mg; 1,000 mg
C. 1,000 mg; 1,500 mg
D. 1,000 mg; 1,300 mg
E. 500 mg; 1,300 mg
Answers
The RDA for calcium changes from 1,300 mg to 1,000 mg at the age of 19.
Calcium is an essential mineral required for various bodily functions, including the development and maintenance of strong bones and teeth, muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the average daily intake of a nutrient that is considered sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of most healthy individuals.
During adolescence, when bone growth is rapid, the RDA for calcium is higher. From the ages of 9 to 18, the RDA for calcium is set at 1,300 mg per day. This higher requirement is necessary to support proper bone formation and reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis later in life.
However, once individuals reach the age of 19, the RDA for calcium decreases to 1,000 mg per day. This reduction in the recommended intake reflects a stage where bone growth slows down and the body's calcium needs are slightly lower.
It is important to note that the RDA may vary depending on specific health conditions or individual circumstances. It is always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian for personalized dietary recommendations and to ensure adequate calcium intake for optimal health.
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After Pavlov had conditioned his dogs to salivate to the bell, he repeatedly presented the bell without presenting the food. As a result, which of the following occurred?
a. Stimulus generalization.
b. Stimulus discrimination.
c. A spontaneous recovery.
d. Extinction.
Answers
After Pavlov had conditioned his dogs to salivate to the bell, repeatedly presenting the bell without presenting the food would result in the process of extinction. Therefore, the answer is d. Extinction.
Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment involved pairing a neutral stimulus (a bell) with a biologically significant stimulus (food) until the neutral stimulus alone became associated with the response (salivation) that was previously only elicited by the biologically significant stimulus (food). After conditioning, the bell alone was able to elicit salivation in the dogs.
To investigate the process of extinction in classical conditioning, Pavlov repeatedly presented the bell (neutral stimulus) without presenting the food (biologically significant stimulus). Over time, the dogs learned that the bell no longer predicted the arrival of food, and the association between the bell and salivation weakened. This process of weakening of the conditioned response due to the repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus is called extinction.
In summary, extinction is the process of weakening the conditioned response by repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus. Therefore, in Pavlov's experiment, the presentation of the bell without food resulted in extinction of the conditioned response, which was salivation in dogs.
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what is the cause and effect of tRNA muation
Answers
Answer:
the effect of tRNA is that it will give mutations and they are linked to diseases. The mutations will cause changes in the gene.
please I need help to answer these questions
Answers
Answer:
B. Directional Selection
Explanation:
By doing some research I found out what most of this means so let's do my favorite process, the process of elimination
A. Disruptive
Disruptive selection produces two or more species with two different traits nothing in the question says two different scorpions where formed one with big pinchers and another with big stingers no it just talks about them slowly forming big pinchers
C. Stabilizing
Stabilizing selection is when two species are produced with more similar traits nothing vastly different, I would consider them forming really big pinchers to be an extreme
following habituation to one stimulus, the tendency for a second stimulus to arouse new interest (often used to testwhether infants can discriminate between stimuliDishabituation
Answers
Habituation is a decrease in response to a repeated stimulus. In infants, this can be observed through a decrease in attention or interest in a particular object or sound. Dishabituation refers to the reversal of this process, where a second stimulus is presented after habituation and it elicits a new response or renewed interest.
Dishabituation refers to the process where, after habituation to one stimulus, a second stimulus is introduced which arouses new interest. This concept is often used to test whether infants can discriminate between stimuli.
1. Habituation: Infants are exposed to a stimulus (e.g., a sound or image) repeatedly until their response decreases, indicating that they have become habituated to it.
2. Second stimulus: After habituation, a new stimulus is introduced to the infants. This second stimulus is different from the first one, allowing researchers to assess the infants' ability to discriminate between the two stimuli.
3. Dishabituation: If infants can discriminate between the two stimuli, they will show an increased response (e.g., looking time or attention) to the second stimulus compared to their response to the habituated stimulus. This increased response is known as dishabituation and indicates that the infants are capable of differentiating between the two stimuli.
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Estimate the mean (average) persistence of species with nonplanktonic larvae.
A.1 million years
B. 2.2 million years
C. 5 million years
D. 28 million years
Answers
The estimated mean persistence of species with nonplanktonic larvae is approximately 5 million years (option C).
Nonplanktonic larvae are the immature form of animals that do not drift freely in the ocean currents. Instead, they live in a specific environment, such as the seafloor or the sand at the bottom of a river or lake. These larvae are typically less mobile than planktonic larvae, which can drift freely for long distances.
Studies have shown that the persistence of species with nonplanktonic larvae is typically shorter than that of species with planktonic larvae. The estimated mean persistence of species with nonplanktonic larvae is approximately 5 million years, which means that on average, a species with nonplanktonic larvae will go extinct after 5 million years of existence.
This estimate is based on data from the fossil record, which shows that the lifespan of species with nonplanktonic larvae tends to be shorter than that of species with planktonic larvae. The reasons for this difference are not entirely clear, but it may be related to the fact that nonplanktonic larvae are more vulnerable to changes in their environment, such as changes in water quality or habitat loss.
It's worth noting that the estimated mean persistence of species with nonplanktonic larvae is an average, and individual species may persist for shorter or longer periods of time. Additionally, the persistence of a species can be influenced by many factors, including environmental changes and human activities, which can accelerate or slow down the rate of extinction. The correct option is c.
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Which of the following is TRUE for an activator? It binds to the operator sequence in the promoter The signal molecule causes it to come off of the DNA It blocks the binding of RNA polymerase Interaction with an inducer can cause the activator to bind DNA
Answers
The true statement for an activator is that interaction with an inducer can cause the activator to bind DNA.
In gene regulation, an activator is a protein that enhances the transcription of a gene by binding to specific DNA sequences known as enhancer elements. Activators play a crucial role in initiating gene expression by promoting the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter region.
The other statements are not true for an activator. An activator does not bind to the operator sequence in the promoter (the operator is typically bound by a repressor protein). It does not come off the DNA in response to a signal molecule, as its binding is necessary for gene activation. An activator does not block the binding of RNA polymerase; instead, it facilitates the binding and initiation of transcription.
However, interaction with an inducer can cause the activator to bind DNA. Inducers are small molecules that can bind to the activator protein, inducing a conformational change that enables the activator to bind to specific DNA sequences and enhance gene expression. This interaction between the activator and the inducer is a key mechanism in the regulation of gene expression.
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What is genetic drift?
A. copying errors made during DNA replication
B. damage to DNA sequencing due to sunlight
C. recombination of genes
D. random loss or gain of genes
Answers
I think the answer will be:
D.random loss or gain of genes
Answer:
D. random loss or gain of genes
Explanation:
genetic drift is a random loss or gain of genes.
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For which reasons would a male peacock spread his tail feathers? Check all that apply.
1) to cool off his body
2) to attract a peahen
3) to show that he is healthy
4) to protect his peachicks
5) to intimidate rival males
6) to run from a predator
Answers
Answer:
it would be 2 and 5
Explanation:
When the male peacock spreads his tail feathers to create a spectacular fan of blue and green, the illusion of large penetrating eyes are displayed. Not only do these eyes attract mates, but they also scare away potential predators, like snakes or large wild cats.
Answer:
2 3 5
Explanation:
describe two ways in which bacteria are affect on your life today?please for grade 8.
Answers
Answer:
Humans use bacterua to make helpful drugs such as antibiotics and vaccines.
The bacteria in our bodies defend against infections by protecting colonized surfaces from invading pathogens which is helpful especially since everyone be getting sick from covid or whatever sickness.
Explanation:
In a two-compartment model of a cell with a K -permeable membrane, at K equilibrium potential, there is _______ flux of K ions.
Answers
In a two-compartment model of a cell with a K-permeable membrane, at K equilibrium potential, there is no net flux of K ions.
When K ions are at equilibrium potential in a two-compartment model of a cell with a K-permeable membrane, the forces driving potassium ions out of the cell are equal to the forces driving potassium ions into the cell.The membrane potential is the difference in electrical potential between the inside and outside of a cell, with the inside being negative and the outside being positive. When a K+ ion approaches the membrane, it is attracted to the inside by the negative charge, but as it gets closer, it is repelled by the other positive K+ ions that have already entered the cell. When the attractive and repulsive forces are equal, the K+ ions stop moving across the membrane, resulting in no net flux of K ions. This situation is referred to as K equilibrium potential.In conclusion, in a two-compartment model of a cell with a K-permeable membrane, at K equilibrium potential, there is no net flux of K ions.
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What is the difference between fossils and modern organisms
Answers
There are several key differences between fossils and modern organisms:
Age: Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past. They can range from thousands to millions of years old. In contrast, modern organisms are the living organisms that exist today. Physical State: Fossils are typically preserved as hard structures, such as bones, shells, or teeth. These hard parts have undergone a process called fossilization, which involves the replacement of organic material with minerals over time. Time of Existence: Fossils represent organisms that lived in the past, often from extinct species or ancestors of modern species. Modern organisms, as the term suggests, exist in the present time. Evolutionary Changes: Fossils can provide valuable insights into the history of life on Earth and how organisms have evolved over time.
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The ability to use old cells is an advantage of _____.hybridization DNA testingrestriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) all DNA testing procedures
Answers
The ability to use old cells is an advantage of all DNA testing procedures.
Which of the following is an advantage of meiosis and sexual reproduction?
A. Meiosis ensures that offspring will not inherit any genetic disorders.
B. Meiosis ensures that offspring are genetically identical as their parents.
C. Meiosis ensures that offspring will have identical phenotypes to their parents.
D. Meiosis ensures a wider variety of genetic variation.
Answers
Answer:
D. Meiosis ensures a wider variety of genetic variation.
This happens above all thanks to the Crossing over, the process in which the exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between two homologous chromosomes' non-sister chromatids results in recombinant chromosomes.
UR HELP IS VERY MUCH NEEDED I WAS VERY CONFUSED ON THIS.
Match the following terms and definitions.
1. the smallest unit of an element
shell
2. the path surrounding the nucleus of an atom in which electrons are normally located
compound
3. the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
neutron
4. a pure substance where atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded to one another
diatomic
5. the positively charged center of an atom
atomic number
6. exists in orbit around the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge
molecule
7. the smallest unit of a pure substance that consists of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
atom
8. the mass of an element
atomic mass
9. a subatomic particle that carries no charge
nucleus
10. containing two atoms
proton
11. a subatomic particle with a positive charge
electron
shell
compound
neutron
diatomic
atomic number
molecule
atom
atomic mass
nucleus
proton
electron
Answers
Answer:
1. Atom
2. shell
3. Atomic number
4. compounds
5. Nucleus
6. Electron
7. Molecule
8. Atomic mass
9. Neutron
10. Diatomic
11. Proton
Questions why is the heating in the Benedict's is test and millon test carried out in a water bath
Answers
The heating in the Benedict's test and Millon test is carried out in a water bath to maintain a constant and controlled temperature. This ensures accurate and reliable results by minimizing external factors that could influence the reactions taking place.
The Benedict's test and Millon test are both chemical tests used to detect the presence of reducing sugars, such as glucose, in a given solution. These tests involve a reaction between the reducing sugar and a reagent, which undergoes a color change in the presence of the sugar.
Heating is an essential step in both tests because it helps to facilitate the reaction between the reducing sugar and the reagent. By applying heat, the rate of reaction increases, allowing for faster and more reliable results. However, it is crucial to maintain a consistent and controlled temperature throughout the reaction to ensure accuracy.
A water bath is used for this purpose. A water bath consists of a container filled with water that is heated to a specific temperature, typically around 70-100 degrees Celsius, depending on the test being performed. Placing the test tubes containing the reaction mixture into the water bath allows the solution to be heated uniformly and consistently.
The water bath provides a stable and controlled environment, preventing sudden temperature fluctuations that could affect the reaction rate and, consequently, the test results. It helps to maintain the reaction at the desired temperature for a specified duration, ensuring optimal conditions for the reaction to occur.
By carrying out the Benedict's test and Millon test in a water bath, scientists and laboratory technicians can achieve reliable and reproducible results, allowing for accurate identification of the presence of reducing sugars in a given solution.
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The rabbit population increased during years when the death rate was (lower/higher) than the birth rate, reflecting a higher carrying capacity.
A) higher
B) lower
Answers
The rabbit population increased during years when the death rate was lower than the birth rate, reflecting a higher carrying capacity.
What is carrying capacity?The carrying capacity of an environment is described as the maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained by that specific environment, given the food, habitat, water, and other resources available.
Population is known to refer to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world.
The primary and I think the most obvious cause of population growth is an imbalance between births and deaths.
In the diagram shown, we can see an increase or growth in population when the death rate increases depicting an imbalance between death and births.
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- How would you classify the relationship between coral and the small crabs?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
How would you classify the relationship between coral and the small crabs? Their relationship is mutualistic, as the crabs provide protection for the coral reef and the reef provides the crabs a home.
Question: How would you classify the relationship between coral and the small crabs?
Answer: Hello: ) ✨ Their relationship is mutualistic, as the crabs provide protection for the coral reef and the reef provides the crabs a home.The corals and algae have a mutualistic relationship. The coral provides the algae with a protected environment and compounds they need for photosynthesis.
Explanation:
Explain the key steps of the rock cycle including the words igneous, sediment, sedimentary, metamorphic and magma.
Answers
Answer:
Igneous rock can form sediments and metamorphic rock. metamorphic rock can form magma (which cools to make igneous rock) and sediments ! Sediments make sedimentary rock , which makes metamorphic rock.
confusing, yes, but i hope this helps!
i included a pic just in case! have a good day :)
The key steps of the rock cycle including the words igneous, sediment, sedimentary, metamorphic and magma should be explained below.
Key steps of the rock cycle:Igneous rock can create sediments and metamorphic rock.Metamorphic rock can create magma which cools to form the igneous rock and sediments. Sediments could make sedimentary rock , which makes metamorphic rock.In this way, the key steps should be written.
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Question 1 of 10
Which statement best describes the limits of science?
A. Science cannot answer quations about what people should do.
B. Science cannot answer questions about the natural world.
C. Science can answer any question.
D. Science can answer only mathematical questions.
SUBMIT
Answers
The right answer is D . A question about what individuals or peoples should do cannot be answered by science.
Science is a system that uses information derived through observation, experimentation, and other techniques to attempt to comprehend natural occurrences. Because of this, it has been able to learn about practically all elements of the world and find answers to all kinds of questions, including challenging or complex ones, through research and the scientific method. Science, however, cannot provide answers to concerns about characteristics that cannot be observed, tested, or that depend on perception because it is based on experimentation and observation.
So, it cannot instruct individuals what to do or how to act, even though it is acceptable and contains all the known facts.
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Pre-Test
Active
1
2
3
5
6
7
9
10
The
I is the fluid component of blood.
What is the fluid component of blood
Answers
Answer:
Plasma
Explanation:
Plasma. The liquid component of blood is called plasma, a mixture of water, sugar, fat, protein, and salts.
what are the biotic factors that would affect owl populations
a. availability of food
b. carbon dioxide levels
c. new diseases
d. moisture levels
choose two
Answers
Answer:
I would select
A and C
Explanation:
Biotic factors are those of which are living
Which of the following statements accurately summarizes the results of the Hershey-Chase experiment?
a. Viruses use protein while bacteria use DNA as infectious agents.
b. Viruses are 'obligate cellular parasites' that require living cells in order to reproduce.
c. Viral proteins are needed to synthesize virus capsids (the 'head' of a virus) in bacteria.
d. DNA transfer into the bacteria cell is required for phage infection.
Answers
The following statement accurately summarizes the results of the Hershey-Chase experiment: The DNA transfer into the bacterial cell is required for phage infection (option d).
The Hershey-Chase experiment demonstrated that DNA transfer into the bacterial cell is necessary for phage infection. This experiment used bacteriophages or viruses that attack bacteria to determine whether the viral genetic material was protein or DNA. In the Hershey-Chase experiment, a bacteriophage was injected into the bacterium to determine if protein or DNA was the genetic material that allowed the phage to reproduce. The results showed that the phage's genetic material was DNA and that DNA transfer into the bacterial cell is necessary for phage infection.
The correct answer is d. DNA transfer into the bacteria cell is required for phage infection.
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