If methods used in molecular systematics were not developed what would be the effect on the study of systematics?

Answer: slate

Explanation:

Answer:

C is the answer your looking for.

The process of Glycolysis is a catabolic process  in which two molecules glucose goes through a ten- step pathway and yield two molecules of pyruvate . It is a major part of carbohydrate metabolism .

Mechanism Of Glycolysis

The glycolysis is also known as EMP pathway and it is involved in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions .There are two phases in the mechanism of glycolysis in which 5 reactions takes place in each phase and the process of glycolysis takes place in cytosol

Preparatory phase refers to the  generation of two molecules of  glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from one molecule of glucose which further goes into the payoff phase . In this phase two molecules of ATP are used and two regulatory enzymes were involved in this reaction .

Payoff phase refers to the further break down of two molecules of glyceraldehyde3-phosphate to two molecules of pyruvate . In this phase four molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are generated . In this phase only one regulatory enzyme is involved which is the breakdown of PEP to pyruvate  .

Both the phases of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and there are  three enzymes that involved in regulating the glycolytic pathway .This process is also known as the catabolic process .

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The nuclear envelope is a synapomorphy that defines eukaryotes as a monophyletic group.

A monophyletic group is a group of organisms that are all descended from a common ancestor. This means that all members of the group share a single ancestor, and their evolutionary histories have not diverged from that ancestor. In contrast, a polyphyletic group is one composed of organisms that do not all share a single ancestor. Monophyly is an important concept in biological classification, since it allows biologists to identify groups of organisms and determine their evolutionary relationships.

Because all eukaryotes living today have cells with a nuclear envelope, it is valid to infer that their common ancestor also had a nuclear envelope. Because bacteria and archaea do not have a nuclear envelope, it is not valid to infer that the trait arose in the common ancestor of eukaryotes. Therefore, the nuclear envelope is a synapomorphy that defines eukaryotes as a monophyletic group.

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The nervous system has three overlapping functions based on the sensory input, integration, and motor output.

The numerous sensory receptors that keep track of changes occurring both inside and outside the body provide sensory input. Sensory input refers to the totality of the data that these receptors have gathered. The nervous system analyses sensory data, processes it, and determines the best course of action.

Motor output is the result of the nervous system activating effector organs like muscles and glands.

At a more integrative level, the nervous system's main job is to regulate and transmit information throughout the body. It accomplishes this by using sensory receptors to gather data from the surroundings.When a response is triggered, the nervous system sends messages to muscles or glands via motor output to start the response.

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Answer:

A measure of the amount of oxygen necessary to decompose organic material in a unit volume of water. As the amount of organic waste in water increases, more oxygen is used, resulting in a higher BOD.

Explanation:

The main skeletal features used to construct a cladogram include the presence or absence of specific bones/structures, bone shape/structure, dental characteristics, skeletal adaptations, and skull morphology.

Cladograms are phylogenetic trees that illustrate the evolutionary relationships between different organisms. When constructing a cladogram, various skeletal features can be used as characters to determine the branching patterns and common ancestry among organisms. Here are some main skeletal features used in cladistic analysis:

Presence or absence of specific bones or structures: The presence or absence of certain skeletal elements, such as wings or limbs, can provide insights into evolutionary relationships.

Bone shape and structure: Comparing the shapes, sizes, and structures of bones can help identify shared characteristics and infer common ancestry.

Dental characteristics: The structure and arrangement of teeth, including the type and number of teeth, can provide information about evolutionary relationships and dietary adaptations.

Skeletal adaptations: Features like the presence of a notochord, presence of a bony skeleton, or modifications for specialized locomotion (e.g., wings, fins, limbs) can be used to infer evolutionary relationships.

Skull morphology: Examination of the skull, including the shape of the cranium, presence and structure of specific cranial bones, and jaw structure, can help determine evolutionary relationships and functional adaptations.

By analyzing these skeletal features and comparing them across different organisms, cladistic analysis aims to identify shared derived characteristics (synapomorphies) that indicate common ancestry and to construct a branching pattern that represents the evolutionary relationships between the organisms being studied.

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What are the main skeletal features that can be used to construct a cladogram?

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Answer:

to increase calcium by mobilizing the iron from bone

Explanation:

It does this  by stimulating  release of calcium from bones and increasing its reabsorption from the kidneys. This helps to maintain calcium homeostasis and is crucial for normal bone metabolism.#spj4

Answer:

We’ve come to use the word “skepticism,” in our society, most often, to express doubt in new or “far out” ideas.   Originally, in ancient Greece, skepticism was the philosophy of questioning all claims, religious, ethical, scientific, or otherwise.

Explanation:

This is what I got from searching

Answer:

The brain stem is responsible for increased blood pressure, HR etc,

Explanation:

It is made up of the mid brain, the Pons, and the Medulla.

While the Pons serve as the neurological bridge between the brain regions e.g the cerebrum and cerebellum to conduct and control certain responses the Medulla controls involuntary activities.Thus the involuntary activities listed above are controlled by the medulla.

Thus the activities of the rats which involves the dilation of pupils, erection of hair, are controlled in the pons. While increases blood pressure and the H.R are under the medulla.

Answer:

It take ten units of water to break down oligosaccharide that contains 10 glucose units

spodosols is most of Canada

Answer:

The increased surface tension of water generates a competition between protein and salt ions for hydration...

Plasma membranes must permit some compounds to enter and exit a cell while blocking the entry of hazardous molecules and the exit of necessary ones.

In other words, plasma membranes selectively permit some compounds to pass through while blocking others. The cell would be destroyed if it were to lose its selectivity, which would prevent it from continuing to function.

Certain compounds are needed by some cells in greater concentrations than by other cells; these cells must have a method of acquiring these substances from the extracellular fluids.

The movement of specific materials back and forth may cause this to occur passively, or the cell may have unique processes to assure transit. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary kind of energy.

Therefore, Plasma membranes must permit some compounds to enter and exit a cell while blocking the entry of hazardous molecules and the exit of necessary ones.

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Answer: The dinosaurs go extinct.

Explanation: It literally says right there

Varicella Zoster is an infectious viral disease causing chickenpox in children and shingles in grown-ups. Inoculation plays a crucial part in avoidance and lessening complications.

Women and noblemen,

Nowadays, I would like to examine a vital and predominant viral disease known as Varicella Zoster. Varicella Zoster, commonly alluded to as chickenpox, is caused by a varicella-zoster infection. It fundamentally influences children, but can too affect grown-ups who have not been already contaminated.

Varicella Zoster presents as a profoundly infectious sickness characterized by a particular hasty, fever, and common disquietude. The infection spreads through coordinated contact or respiratory beads, making it effortlessly transmissible inside families and communities.

Whereas chickenpox is for the most part a gentle ailment in children, it can lead to more serious complications in grown-ups, pregnant ladies, and people with debilitated resistant frameworks. These complications incorporate pneumonia, bacterial contaminations, and in uncommon cases, neurological complications such as encephalitis.

Luckily, the improvement of a profoundly successful antibody has essentially diminished the frequency of Varicella Zoster around the world. Immunization not as it were secures people from the distress and potential complications of chickenpox, but too makes a difference anticipate the infection from spreading inside the community.

In any case, Varicella Zoster doesn't halt at chickenpox. Once the introductory contamination settles, the infection remains torpid inside the body and can reactivate a long time afterward, causing a condition known as herpes zoster, or more commonly, shingles.

Shingles are characterized by a difficult hasty that ordinarily happens in a single dermatome, regularly along the middle or confront. The reactivated infection can cause critical pain and inconvenience, enduring for weeks or indeed months. Moreover, complications such as postherpetic neuralgia, a persistent torment disorder, can happen, especially in more seasoned people.

To combat the chance of shingles, an isolated antibody called the shingles antibody or herpes zoster immunization has been created. This antibody not as it were makes a difference anticipate shingles but moreover diminishes the chance of postherpetic neuralgia.

In conclusion, Varicella Zoster, enveloping both chickenpox and shingles, could be a viral contamination that has critical suggestions for open well-being. We have made significant progress in reducing the burden of this disease through extensive vaccination efforts.

In any case, ongoing efforts to prevent Varicella zoster from returning to our communities and to protect powerless populations require prompt attention and vaccination.

Much obliged to you for your thought. Let's collaborate to ensure a better future for everyone.

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Answer:

oofooooooofofofo29u4844

Answer:

Factor 1: Concentration of Enzyme

Factor 2: Concentration of Substrate

Factor 3: Effect of Temperature

#1  The relationship between phosphorus content and fish productivity in the graph above is a positive correlation. #2  a positive correlation #3 nutrient availability is a limiting factor within an ecosystem.

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms, along with their non-living environment, functioning together as a system. It includes all living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) in a particular area and the physical components (soil, air, water, sunlight) that interact with them. Ecosystems can be as small as a pond or as large as a biome such as a rainforest.

#1 The relationship between phosphorus content and fish productivity in the graph above is a positive correlation. As the phosphorus content in the lake ecosystem increases, the fish productivity also increases. This relationship can be explained by the fact that phosphorus is an essential nutrient for the growth of aquatic plants, which are the primary producers in lake ecosystems. More phosphorus content means more availability of nutrients for the aquatic plants, leading to increased primary productivity, which in turn results in more fish biomass.

#2 The graph shows a positive correlation between light irradiance and fish productivity. As the amount of annual light irradiance increases, the fish productivity also increases. This relationship can be explained by the fact that light is necessary for photosynthesis, which is the process by which primary producers in lake ecosystems convert light energy into chemical energy. More light means more availability of energy for primary producers, which leads to increased primary productivity, and in turn results in more fish biomass.

#3 Two factors that affect the validity of the model that assumes nutrient availability is a limiting factor within an ecosystem based upon the data from this study are:

Other factors, such as light irradiance, temperature, and pH can also limit productivity in lake ecosystems. The positive correlation between fish productivity and both phosphorus content and light irradiance indicates that these two factors are significant contributors to productivity. Therefore, the model that assumes nutrient availability is the only limiting factor may not be accurate.

The relationship between phosphorus content and fish productivity is not linear, indicating that there may be a threshold beyond which the increase in productivity plateaus. This suggests that the availability of other nutrients, such as nitrogen or carbon, may also limit productivity.

One possible refinement of the model may be to incorporate the effects of multiple factors, such as nutrient availability, light irradiance, and temperature, on productivity, rather than assuming that one factor is the only limiting factor. This would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that affect productivity in lake ecosystems.

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Answer:

Electronic sonar and Global Positioning Systems are used to locate the fish. Ships cross the area, dragging huge nets at the right depth to catch them. The usable catch is often cut, packaged, and frozen right on board. Ships can remain on the ocean for several weeks before returning to home port.

Stock assessments are scientific processes that analyze available data using statistical models to produce management advice. That management advice estimates sustainable harvest levels maximizing fishery removals while protecting stocks’ long-term health.

Answer:

humanistic psychologist

Explanation:

During the 1950s, Maslow became one of the founders and driving forces behind the school of thought known as humanistic psychology. His theories—including the hierarchy of needs, self-actualization, and peak experiences—became fundamental subjects in the humanist movement.

Answer: Abraham Maslow was identified as a humanistic psychologist because his theories were fundamental subjects in the humanist movement.

Answer:  The topmost part of a marine ecosystem is the euphotic zone, extending down as far as 200 meters (656 feet) below the surface.

Explanation: Sunlight is one the most important abiotic factors for marine ecosystems.

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Answer:

Dominant allele does not completely conceal recessive allele.

Snapdragon with genotype Rr (R being red and r being white), would have a phenotype of pink flowers.

Explanation:

Incomplete dominance is where a dominant allele is not able to completely conceal a recessive allele, usually leading to a phenotype which appears to be a combination of the two.

For example, in snapdragons:

The allele for red flowers (R) is dominant over the allele for white flowers (r). Let's say a snapdragon flower had the genotype Rr, one allele for red flowers and one for white. In the case of 'normal' dominance the dominant red flower allele (R) would mask the effects of the recessive white flower allele (r), resulting in the phenotype (outward observable characteristics) of having red flowers.

However here in the case of incomplete dominance, the dominant allele would not be able to fully cover up the effects of the white flower allele, meaning that both colors (red and white) are expressed in the phenotype, resulting in pink flowers.

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Answer:

Incomplete dominance is seen in offspring that have a third phenotype not seen in the parents. Snapdragons are an example. The third phenotype results when a snapdragon with the red pigment protein crosses with a snapdragon with a defective gene that produces no pigment, resulting in a white snapdragon. The offspring receive one allele from each parent, resulting in half the amount of pigmentation for red color being expressed. The offspring will be pink snapdragons instead of red or white.

Explanation:

Sample response :)

Answer: methionine, arginine, threonine

Explanation:

Answer:

Glandular epithelium definition. The glandular epithelium is a group of tissues, other than the covering and lining epithelium, which is specialized for the production and secretion of various macromolecules.

Explanation:

The sentence from the paragraph that supports that the green roofs can help reduce cooling costs is as follows: plants naturally absorb energy from the Sun and convert it into chemical energy that is stored in the bonds of sugars during photosynthesis (option B).

The paragraph in this question is conveying information about green roof which is made by adding soil and plants to a specifically designed roof.

According to the passage, scientists has shown that the green roof is more advantageous than the conventional roofs.

One benefit outlined is that plants in the green roof can naturally absorb energy from the Sun and convert it into chemical energy that is stored in the bonds of sugars during photosynthesis. This is a way cooling costs can be covered.

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Answer:

Answer C

Explanation:

I know its right

Answer:

completely by greenhouse gas emission from human activities

Answer:

The correct answer is "Weight loss".

Explanation:

Answer:

D

Explanation:

A punnett square identifies the combination of two genomes. Depending on the specific set of genes, the combinations may be different. It measures probable outcomes by separating into Dominate and Recessive genes, Dominate overpowering recessive and therefore being more common.