Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base in each reaction:H₂O + H⁻ ⇆ OH⁻ + H₂

Answer:

rotten egg

Explanation:

Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, a mass of 13 grams of C₂H₂ is required to produce 1.0 moles of CO₂.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

2 C₂H₂ + 5 O₂  → 4 CO₂ + 2 H₂O

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound are part of the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

By reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound are part of the reaction:

The following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 4 moles of CO₂ are formed from 52 grams of C₂H₂, 1 mole of CO₂ is formed from how much mass of C₂H₂?

mass of C₂H₂= (1 mole of CO₂×52 grams of C₂H₂)÷ 4 mole of CO₂

mass of C₂H₂= 13 grams

Finally, 13 grams of C₂H₂ is required.

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The concentration of the final solution is 2.07 M

Concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by way of the overall volume of an aggregate. several sorts of mathematical descriptions may be outstanding: mass concentration, molar concentration, variety concentration, and extent awareness.

Given;

C₁ = 1.5 M NaCl

V₁ = 345 mL

C₂ =

V₂ =  250 mL

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

C₂ = C₁V₁ /V₂

     = 1.5 × 345 / 250

     = 2.07 M

The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute found in a given amount of solution. Concentrations are normally expressed in terms of molarity, defined because of the variety of moles of solute in 1 L of answer.

The Concentration of an answer is a measure of the quantity of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A concentrated answer is one that has a rather huge quantity of dissolved solute

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to run the same reaction as an electrolytic cell, an external voltage of at least -0.98 V must be applied.

In a galvanic cell, electrical energy is generated spontaneously from a chemical reaction, while in an electrolytic cell, electrical energy is used to drive a nonspontaneous chemical reaction.

The potential difference between the two half-cells in a galvanic cell is known as the cell potential or electromotive force (EMF). In this case, the measured potential is 0.98 V.

To run the same reaction as an electrolytic cell, an external voltage must be applied that is greater than the cell potential. This external voltage is known as the overpotential and is necessary to drive the reaction in the non-spontaneous direction.

The overpotential required depends on the specific reaction and the conditions of the electrolytic cell, such as the concentration of the electrolyte, temperature, and pressure. In general, the overpotential required for an electrolytic cell is equal in magnitude to the cell potential but with the opposite sign.

Therefore, to run the same reaction as an electrolytic cell, an external voltage of at least -0.98 V must be applied.
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Two mean unpaired is the type of hypothesis test you should use. If the caloric contents were normally distributed, and that a level of significance of 1% be used you should use two mean unpaired hypothesis test. Option B is correct.

13: Since you have two independent groups (1.5 moles per liter and 2.0 moles per liter), and you want to compare the means of these two groups, you would use a Two mean unpaired hypothesis test. This test compares the means of two independent groups to determine if there is a significant difference between them.

Therefore, Option B is correct.

15: Since you have two independent groups (Type A milk and Type B milk) you would also use a Two mean unpaired hypothesis test.

Therefore, Option B is correct.

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Answer: B

Explanation:

''Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts''

The volume of hydrogen gas produced at 315 K and 1.25 atm when 3.50 grams of zinc reacts with excess HCl is 1.16 L.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid is:

\(Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)\)

We need to find the volume of hydrogen gas produced at 315 K and 1.25 atm when 3.50 grams of zinc reacts with excess HCl.

First, we need to determine the number of moles of zinc used in the reaction. The molar mass of zinc is 65.38 g/mol, so:

n(Zn) = 3.50 g / 65.38 g/mol = 0.0536 mol

Since 1 mole of zinc reacts with 1 mole of hydrogen gas, the number of moles of hydrogen gas produced is also 0.0536 mol.

Using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, we can calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced. We are given the temperature (315 K) and the pressure (1.25 atm), and the gas constant R is 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K).

Substituting the values into the equation, we get:

V = (nRT) / P

V = (0.0536 mol) x (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) x (315 K) / (1.25 atm)

V = 1.16 L

Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced at 315 K and 1.25 atm when 3.50 grams of zinc reacts with excess HCl is 1.16 L.

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Answer:

That fresh water hydrates the carbon-based lifeforms on earth. But through evaporation, and transpiration from plants leaf surfaces, it gets back into the atmosphere to feed clouds for the next rainfall. The cycling of liquid water and returning vapor creates our climate and our living environment.

Explanation:

The summary of the water cycle process is given below.

The water cycle shows the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere. It is a complex system that includes many different processes. Liquid water evaporates into water vapor, condenses to form clouds, and precipitates back to earth in the form of rain and snow.

Water in different phases moves through the atmosphere (transportation). Liquid water flows across land (runoff), into the ground (infiltration and percolation), and through the ground (groundwater).

Groundwater moves into plants (plant uptake) and evaporates from plants into the atmosphere (transpiration). Solid ice and snow can turn directly into gas (sublimation). The opposite can also take place when water vapor becomes solid (deposition).

Therefore, The summary of the water cycle has been explained.

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The term for the propane and butane phases that can be liquefied is "liquefied petroleum gas" or LPG. LPG is a mixture of propane and butane gases that are compressed and cooled to a point where they transition from their gaseous state to a liquid state.

This process of converting the gases into a liquid form allows for easier storage, transportation, and handling. LPG is commonly used as a fuel for heating, cooking, and powering various appliances. It is widely available in portable cylinders and larger storage tanks. LPG has a higher energy content compared to its gaseous form, making it a convenient and efficient fuel source. The ability of propane and butane to be liquefied and stored as LPG is due to their relatively low boiling points and the pressure at which they are compressed. By controlling the temperature and pressure, the gases can be condensed into a liquid state, allowing for greater convenience and versatility in their use.

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Answer:

Dealing with the states of both the reactant and product elements

Energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength of a wave. Which would have the GREATEST energy. A wave with a wavelength of  5  meters.

The relationship between wavelength and energy is given as :

E = hf

E = h c / λ

where,

E = energy

h = Planck constant

c = speed of light

λ = wavelength

So, energy is inversely proportional to wavelength,  therefore, the wave having least amount of wavelength will have greatest amount of energy. So, according to the given value . the wavelength 5 m will have greatest energy.

Thus, Energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength of a wave. Which would have the GREATEST energy. A wave with a wavelength of  5  meters.

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Explanation:

Polyatomic ions are ions which consist of more than one atom. For example, nitrate ion, NO3-, contains one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms. The atoms in a polyatomic ion are usually covalently bonded to one another, and therefore stay together as a single, charged unit.

The ratio of H⁺ ions to OH⁻ ions at a pH = 2 is 10¹⁰

Given

ph = 2

Required

The concentration of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions

Solution

pH=-log[H⁺]

2=-log[H⁺]

[H⁺]=10⁻²

pH+pOH=14

pOH=14-2

pOH=12

pOH=-log[OH⁻]

12=-log[OH⁻]

[OH⁻]=10⁻¹²

\(\tt \dfrac{10^{-2}}{10^{-12}}=10^{10}\)

Answer:

First one: 0.01

second one:  0.000000000001

third one: 10000000000

The oxygen levels in the atmosphere were very low until about 2 billion years ago because of photosynthetic organisms like cyanobacteria releasing oxygen as a byproduct of their metabolism.

The oxygen levels in the atmosphere were very low until about 2 billion years ago because of the lack of oxygenic photosynthesis. The first known oxygen-producing organisms were cyanobacteria, which appeared around 2.3 billion years ago.

Cyanobacteria was the first organism that could perform photosynthesis and release oxygen into the atmosphere as a by-product. They converted the Earth's anaerobic atmosphere into an oxygen-rich environment. The oxygenation event occurred over several hundred million years, transforming the Earth's atmosphere from oxygen-poor to oxygen-rich.

Anaerobic bacteria thrived in the planet's atmosphere because the available oxygen was scarce. The lack of oxygenic photosynthesis resulted in low levels of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere. However, oxygenic photosynthesis by cyanobacteria increased the levels of oxygen in the atmosphere.

The planet's atmospheric composition is currently around 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and a few other trace gases.

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If you start with 0.050 m i2 at this temperature, it is impossible to calculate the quantity of iodine remaining after a certain time period.

The given question is all about calculating the quantity of iodine remaining after a certain time period. According to the problem, we have to assume that iodine atoms do not recombine to form i2. This question seems to be incomplete because we don't have the temperature of the given iodine atoms. It is required to know the temperature of the given iodine atoms to solve this question.

The temperature has a very significant role to play in the given question. It is because the rate of reaction depends on the temperature. The rate of a reaction is the number of particles that react per unit of time, per unit volume of the reaction mixture. The temperature of the reaction mixture directly affects the rate of reaction, as more temperature means more energy, and that energy is responsible for initiating the reaction. As we know that we don't have any temperature given in the question, it is quite impossible to calculate the quantity of iodine remaining after a certain time period. Here's the complete solution to the given problem.

We have to assume that iodine atoms do not recombine to form i2. But we don't have the temperature of the given iodine atoms. Therefore, it is impossible to calculate the quantity of iodine remaining after a certain time period.

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The substance, silver (Ag), we can see positive ions immersed in a sea of mobile electrons.

The term metallic bond refers to the bonding between metal atoms. This bonding consists of positively charged ions and a sea of electrons bonded together electrostatically.

Hence, in the substance, silver (Ag), we can see positive ions immersed in a sea of mobile electrons.

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Answer:

To find out if a sample has baking soda we can add vinegar.

Explanation:

When vinegar (acetic acid) is mixed with salt (sodium bicarbonate), water, carbon dioxide and sodium acetate are formed. We see the formation of bubbles (which is carbon dioxide, which is a gas).

Answer:

f

a

c

e

b

reactant

b

f

a

e

d

c

b

Explanation:

Answer:

D.No answer text provide.

Explanation:

The energy that is possessed by an object due to it's motion or due to it's position is mechainical energy

Answer:

B.) a cation that is smaller than the original atom

Explanation:

When the atoms of an element gains or loses electrons, it becomes charged. This charged atom is called an ION. An ion can either be a CATION or ANION depending on whether the atom loses electrons to become positively charged (cation) or gains electrons to become negatively charged (anion).

In this case, magnesium (Mg) atom gives up or loses electron(s) to become an ion, it will become positively charged and hence called a CATION. However, since it loses electrons in its atom, it becomes SMALLER than the original magnesium atom. This is because the electrons left in the atom becomes more attracted to the nucleus and decreases the ionic radius.

The empirical formula of the compound is KCO₂.

In the given sample, there are 0.104 mol of potassium (K), 0.052 mol of carbon (C), and 0.156 mol of oxygen (O). To determine the empirical formula, we need to find the ratio of the elements present in the compound.

First, we divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles, which in this case is 0.052 mol (the moles of carbon). This gives us the following ratios:

- Potassium: 0.104 mol ÷ 0.052 mol = 2

- Carbon: 0.052 mol ÷ 0.052 mol = 1

- Oxygen: 0.156 mol ÷ 0.052 mol = 3

The ratios can be simplified to whole numbers:

- Potassium: 2

- Carbon: 1

- Oxygen: 3

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is KCO₂, indicating that for every one carbon atom, there are two potassium atoms and three oxygen atoms.

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From the given equation 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O we can form 36.03 grams of H2O can form from 1.0 mole of H2 and 1.0 mole of O2.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) to form water (H2O) is:

2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

So, 1 mole of H2 reacts with 0.5 moles of O2 to form 2 moles of H2O.

Since we have 1.0 mole of H2 and 1.0 mole of O2, the maximum amount of water that can be formed is:

2 moles of H2O = 2 x 18.015 g/mole = 36.03 g

So, 36.03 grams of H2O can form from 1.0 mole of H2 and 1.0 mole of O2.

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C₁OH₈ formula is an alkene hydrocarbon in the nature of its existence.

What are hydrocarbons?

The only two types of atoms that make up all of an organic complex called a hydrocarbon are carbon and hydrogen. The majority of the time, hydrocarbons are colourless gases with hardly detectable odours. Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons are the four subcategories that are generally used to classify hydrocarbons. These compounds can have relatively simple structures or relatively complex structures.

The study of hydrocarbons can shed light on other functional groups' chemical composition and behaviour. Liquefied petroleum gas, which is derived from hydrocarbons like propane and butane, is also employed as a source of fuel for commercial reasons (LPG). One of the most basic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, is used as the starting point for the creation of numeroubrainly.com/question/17578846s synthetic medications.

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The volume of 1.00 mole of hydrogen gas at STP is 22.4 liters,

The ideal gas law is expressed as:

PV = nRT

Where P is the pressure of the gas, V is its volume, n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin.

At STP, the pressure and temperature are known, and we can use the ideal gas law to solve for the volume of 1.00 mole of hydrogen gas:

Plug these values into the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

V = nRT/P

V = (1.00 mol × 0.08206 Latm/molK × 273.15 K) / (1 atm)

V = 22.4 L

Therefore, the volume of of the gas is 22.4 liters.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a category of chemical compounds that consist of at least two aromatic rings combined in different ways. They are a group of organic chemicals that have a common core structure and are made up of multiple fused aromatic rings.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of complex organic compounds with two or more fused aromatic rings in their structure. PAHs are a result of the incomplete combustion of organic substances and are found in a wide range of environmental materials, including fossil fuels and byproducts, as well as atmospheric emissions from vehicles and industrial operations. PAHs are known carcinogens, and long-term exposure to these chemicals can lead to a variety of health issues. PAHs are found in a variety of environmental substances, including air, soil, and water, as well as in several commercial and industrial products.

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Answer:

C-C

A carbon has 4 valence electrons meaning it can share 4 electrons and is in short of 4 electrons to fill it outer energy shell making it 8. Which results to 2 double covalent bonds ,meaning there was a sharing of 2(4) = 8 electrons . Hope this helps . Your statement above is true .

A catalyst is a substance that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by it. Therefore,

option 1 is not true of a catalyst.

Option 2 is partially correct as enzymes are biological catalysts found in the body.

Option 3 is true, as a catalyst alters the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.

Option 4 is also true, as a catalyst can affect the rate-limiting step, which is the slowest step in a reaction that determines the overall rate.

Option 5 is not true, as a catalyst does not always change colors. In summary, options 2, 3, and 4 are true of a catalyst, while options 1 and 5 are not.

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. Regarding the options provided:

1) False - A catalyst is not used up during a reaction.
2) True - In the body, catalysts are often enzymes that facilitate biochemical reactions.
3) True - Catalysts change the rate of a reaction by providing an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy.
4) True - Catalysts affect the rate-limiting step, which is the slowest step in a reaction and determines the overall rate.
5) False - Catalysts do not always change colors, as their function is related to altering reaction rates rather than causing visual changes.

So, the true statements are 2, 3, and 4.

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The standard enthalpy of formation, ΔHf°, is the amount of heat released or absorbed when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states. For nitrogen gas, N2(g), the standard enthalpy of formation is zero, since it is the element in its standard state.

To estimate the bond enthalpy of N2, we need to use Hess's law, which states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway taken. In this case, we can use the following reaction:

N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)

The standard enthalpy of formation of NH3(g) is -46.2 kJ/mol. Using the standard enthalpies of formation, we can calculate the enthalpy change of this reaction:

ΔH° = 2ΔHf°(NH3) - ΔHf°(N2) - 3ΔHf°(H2)
ΔH° = 2(-46.2 kJ/mol) - 0 - 3(0)
ΔH° = -92.4 kJ/mol

The enthalpy change of this reaction is also equal to the sum of the bond enthalpies of the bonds broken and formed. In this reaction, we break one N-N bond and six H-H bonds, and form six N-H bonds. Therefore, we can write:

ΔH° = (bond enthalpy of N-N) + 6(bond enthalpy of H-H) - 6(bond enthalpy of N-H)

Solving for the bond enthalpy of N-N:

bond enthalpy of N-N = (ΔH° + 6(bond enthalpy of N-H) - 6(bond enthalpy of H-H))/1
bond enthalpy of N-N = (-92.4 kJ/mol + 6(-46.2 kJ/mol) - 6(436 kJ/mol))/1
bond enthalpy of N-N = (-92.4 kJ/mol - 277.2 kJ/mol)/1
bond enthalpy of N-N = -369.6 kJ/mol

Therefore, the estimated bond enthalpy of N2 is -369.6 kJ/mol, which is approximately equal to 369.6 kJ/mol. The answer that is closest to this value is (c) 326 kJ/mol.        

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The percent by mass of NaCl in the solution is approximately 16.47%.

To calculate the percent by mass of a solution, you need to determine the mass of the solute (NaCl) and the mass of the entire solution (NaCl + water). Here's how you can calculate it:

Mass of NaCl = 14 g

Mass of water = 71 g

Total mass of the solution = Mass of NaCl + Mass of water = 14 g + 71 g = 85 g

Now, you can calculate the percent by mass of NaCl in the solution:

Percent by mass of NaCl = (Mass of NaCl / Total mass of the solution) * 100

Percent by mass of NaCl = (14 g / 85 g) * 100

Percent by mass of NaCl = 16.47%

Therefore, the percent by mass of NaCl in the solution is approximately 16.47%.

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