Ideally, colligative properties depend only on the a. concentration of solute particles in a solution. b. identity of the solute particles in a solution. c. color of a solution. d. hydrated radil of the molecules or ions dissolved in a solution. e. partial pressure of the gases above the surface of a solution

The standard free energy change (∆Gº') is the energy released when the products are created from the reactants. The (∆Gº') at 298 K is -5.40kJ.

The standard free energy change is given by the sum of the standard free energies of the products subtracted from the sum of the standard free energies of the reactants, given as,

ΔG = ∑nΔG°products − ∑mΔG°reactants

Given,

ΔG°(NO₂) = 51.84 kJ/mol

ΔG°(N₂O₄) = 98.28 kJ/mol

Substituting values:

ΔG = ∑nΔG°products − ∑mΔG°reactants

= ΔG°(N₂O₄) − 2ΔG°(NO₂)

= 98.28 − 2(51.84)

= - 5.4

Therefore, -5.40 kJ is the standard free energy.

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Answer:

Option d is correct

Explanation:

The basis of the VSEPR model of molecular bonding is that to minimize repulsions, electron domains in the valence shell of an atom arrange on their own.

According to VSEPR theory, if there are two electron domains on a central atom, they will be arranged such that the angles between the domains are 180°

The brain chemicals known as endorphins produce effects similar to opioids.

Opioids are a class of drugs that act on opioid receptors in the brain and produce pain relief, euphoria, and a sense of well-being.

Endorphins are natural neurotransmitters that are produced by the body in response to various stimuli, such as exercise, laughter, and certain foods.

When endorphins are released, they bind to opioid receptors in the brain, leading to feelings of pleasure and pain reduction. This is why endorphins are often referred to as the body's natural painkillers. Similar to opioids, endorphins can produce a sense of euphoria and an overall improvement in mood.

The release of endorphins is commonly associated with exercise. During physical activity, endorphins are released, which can result in a phenomenon known as the "runner's high." This is a feeling of euphoria and increased well-being that is often reported by long-distance runners.

In addition to exercise, other activities that can stimulate endorphin release include laughter, socializing, and certain types of foods, such as dark chocolate and spicy foods. These activities can promote feelings of happiness, relaxation, and pain relief, similar to the effects of opioids.

In summary, endorphins produce effects similar to opioids, including pain relief, euphoria, and an overall sense of well-being. They are natural chemicals produced by the body in response to various stimuli, such as exercise, laughter, and certain foods.

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The given quantities of ethane and oxygen will determine the limiting reactant in this reaction, which will, in turn, establish the amount of excess reactant remaining after combustion.

The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethane (C2H6) is

C2H6 + 7O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2OThe mole ratio of ethane to oxygen is 1:7.

This suggests that seven moles of oxygen are used for each mole of ethane used.

Suppose 8.92 moles of ethane are used in the combustion reaction. In that case, the amount of oxygen required is:

Oxygen = 7 x Ethane

Oxygen = 7 x 8.92 = 62.44 moles

Since the quantity of oxygen given is only 17.4 moles, it is the limiting reactant, and ethane is in excess.

The excess reactant remaining after the combustion of ethane with oxygen is 8.92 - (17.4/7) = 6.48 moles.

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Answer:

all places 1 is the answer

Explanation:

please mark me as brainlest

Answer:

1 year- 1 mole

time in general- amount of matter

1 second- 1 atom

Answer:

what's different about the particles in her hand are that for one are a solid in contrast to the ice cream which is partially liquid.

Answer:

The reason t don't react is because Elements with full octets are stable, the Elements with no unpai electrons do not react at all in the decay.

Explanation:

The property rights and contract enforcement are considered to be most important to economic growth.

When considering economics and the law, two factors that are widely considered to be crucial for economic growth are property rights and contract enforcement. These two elements play a fundamental role in promoting investment, innovation, and overall economic activity within a society.

1.Property Rights: Secure property rights are vital for economic growth as they provide individuals and businesses with the incentive to invest, improve, and utilize their resources efficiently.

When people have confidence that their property will be protected and that they can reap the benefits of their investments, they are more likely to engage in productive activities.

Strong property rights also enable individuals to access credit and collateralize their assets, facilitating entrepreneurship and economic development.

2.Contract Enforcement: A robust legal framework that ensures the enforcement of contracts is essential for fostering economic growth.

Contracts provide a mechanism for individuals and businesses to establish agreements, mitigate risks, and engage in economic transactions.

When contracts are enforceable, parties have greater certainty and confidence in their business dealings, encouraging investment, trade, and cooperation.

Reliable contract enforcement reduces transaction costs, promotes trust, and facilitates long-term economic relationships, both domestically and internationally.

The combination of secure property rights and effective contract enforcement creates an environment of legal certainty and economic stability. This framework encourages investment, innovation, and entrepreneurship, leading to increased productivity, job creation, and overall economic growth. It attracts domestic and foreign investors, fosters competition, and supports the development of vibrant markets.

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Answer:

yellow is false and black is true.

The resulting pressure of the gas after decreasing the initial volume is 3 atm.

According to the Boyle's Law at constant temperature, pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas:

P ∝\(\frac{1}{V}\)

For the given question required equation is:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂, where

P₁ = initial pressure = 1.5 atm

V₁ = initial volume = 2 L

P₂ = final pressure = ?

V₂ = final volume = 1 L

On putting all these values on the above equation, we get

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P₂ =\(\frac{1.5}{2X1}\) = 3atm

Hence required pressure is 3 atm.

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Acetone (CH3COCH3) and water (H2O) can be separated by acid extraction.

Sodium chloride (NaCl) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) cannot be separated by an acid or base extraction.

Acetone and water can be separated by an acid extraction because acetone is a non-polar solvent and water is polar. An acid can be used to protonate acetone, making it more polar and allowing it to be separated from the water.

Sodium chloride and acetic acid cannot be separated by an acid or base extraction because they are both neutral and have no ionizable hydrogen atoms. Acid-base extractions rely on the ionization of hydrogen atoms, so they cannot be used to separate neutral compounds. In this case, other methods such as distillation or crystallization would be necessary to separate these two compounds.

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The complete question is-

Determine whether each pair of chemicals could be separated by an acid or base extraction pairs are: Acetone (CH3COCH3) and water (H2O); Sodium chloride (NaCl) and acetic acid (CH3COOH)

Answer:

The mass left after 24.6 years is 25.0563 grams

Explanation:

The given parameters are;

The mass of the hydrogen-3 = 100 grams

The half life of hydrogen-3 which is also known as = 12.32 years

The formula for calculating half-life is given as follows;

\(N(t) = N_0 \times \left (\dfrac{1}{2} \right )^{\dfrac{t}{t_{\frac{1}{2} }} }\)

Where;

N(t) = The mass left after t years

N₀ =  The initial mass of the hydrogen-3 = 100 g

t = Time duration of the decay = 24.6 years

\(t_{\frac{1}{2} }\) = Half-life = 12.32 years

\(N(24.6) = 100 \times \left (\dfrac{1}{2} \right )^{\dfrac{24.6}{12.32}} } = 25.0563\)

The mass left after 24.6 years = 25.0563 grams.

The total number of atoms in the mixture containing 0.250 mol of Fe and 1.20 g of C is calculated to be 1.59 x 10^23 atoms.

To determine the number of atoms in the mixture, we follow these steps:

1. Calculate the number of moles of carbon (C) by dividing its mass by its molecular weight. The atomic weight of carbon is 12.011 g/mol, so its molecular weight is also 12.011 g/mol. Therefore, moles of C = 1.20 g / 12.011 g/mol = 0.0999 mol.

2. Use Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) to convert the number of moles of carbon into the number of atoms. Number of atoms of C = 0.0999 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 6.015 x 10^22 atoms.

3. Calculate the number of atoms of iron (Fe) by multiplying the number of moles of Fe (0.250 mol) by Avogadro's number. Number of atoms of Fe = 0.250 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 1.505 x 10^23 atoms.

4. Finally, determine the total number of atoms in the mixture by adding the number of atoms of C and Fe. Total number of atoms = 6.015 x 10^22 atoms + 1.505 x 10^23 atoms = 1.59 x 10^23 atoms.

Based on the calculations, the mixture containing 0.250 mol of Fe and 1.20 g of C consists of a total of 1.59 x 10^23 atoms. This value represents the combined number of atoms of carbon and iron present in the mixture.

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The high-density brine drains into the water beneath the ice and in the process, the sea ice freshens while the salinity of the underlying water decreases, becoming less dense (Option C).

Sea ice is usually less salty than the ocean water it freezes from. During the process of ice formation, salt in the ocean water is expelled from the ice as it grows; most of the salt is ejected into the ocean but some remain trapped inside pockets of brine within the ice. When the air temperature falls below the freezing point of seawater (usually around -1.8 °C), water molecules start to form ice crystals, which grow and aggregate into a solid sheet of ice.

During this process, the salt rejected by the growing ice also accumulates, causing the salinity of the remaining brine to increase. Some of the brine is encapsulated within ice crystals, but most are trapped in the spaces between neighboring crystals.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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Answer:

carbon dioxide concentration goes down, temperature goes down. Carbon dioxide goes up temp goes up, carbon dioxide is directly related to temperature by insulating it in the earths atmosphere and if there's less of it then the temp would go down.

Explanation:

To determine the relative molecular weights of methylene blue and potassium permanganate, a method known as 'osmometry' can be used.

Here's how to conduct the experiment :

Experiment Set-up

Step 1: Firstly, create a solution of a known concentration of methylene blue and potassium permanganate. The concentration of the solution should be around 0.01 M.

Step 2: Take an apparatus that includes a semi-permeable membrane and two containers. The semi-permeable membrane should be permeable to the solvent used but impermeable to the solute.

Step 3: Fill the two containers with the prepared solutions, methylene blue, and potassium permanganate.

Step 4: Place the semi-permeable membrane between the two containers.

Step 5: Observe the solution levels in both containers. In the initial stage, the solution level in the container containing methylene blue will be higher, while the container containing potassium permanganate will be lower.

Step 6: The process will continue until the solution levels in both containers become equal.

Step 7: Now, record the solution levels in both containers at equilibrium.

The Relative Molecular Weight Calculation

Step 8: Apply the following formula to calculate the relative molecular weight of the solute : Δπ= MRT

Δπ = change in osmotic pressure of the solution

M = molar concentration of the solution

R = universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol K)

T = temperature in Kelvin

If we take Methylene blue as solute and KCl as solvent, then at 25°C the osmotic pressure of the solution is given as :

Δπ = 0.51 atm

Substituting all values in the above formula, we get Δπ = MRT(i)

0.51 atm = M x 8.314 J/molK x 298 K(i)

M = 0.0206 mol/L

The relative molecular weight of Methylene blue is :

M = m/2.06 x 10^-2

where m is the mass of Methylene blue dissolved in 1 litre of solvent.

From the relative molecular weight calculated, we can get the actual molecular weight by multiplying it by the molar mass of the solvent used.

For example, if the solvent used is KCl, then the molecular mass of the solvent is 74.55 g/mol.

Therefore, the molecular weight of Methylene blue = Relative molecular weight x molar mass of the solvent.

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Answer:

The fourth answer choice.

Explanation:

This is the correct answer because dropping it, carrying it, won't to anything to change the physical state of the matter (the bowl).

Hope this helps! :)

I think the answer is number (4)

The reactants in the reaction between vinegar and baking soda are acetic acid (C₂H₂O₂) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃).

A metathesis reaction

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Answer:

Water molecules have a weakly positive hydrogen end.

Explanation:

Water is a polar molecule. The pairs of electrons shared by the hydrogen atoms in a water molecule are actually more attracted to the oxygen atom with its eight protons than to the hydrogen atoms with their one each. The hydrogen end of the molecule is weakly positive and the oxygen end is weakly negative.

I hope it helps.

Arranging the species by their relative molar amounts in a 1.0×10^−6M solution of Ba(OH)2(aq) at 25 °C:

Greatest amount: OH^-

Ba(OH)2

Ba^2+

H2O

H3O^-

In the given solution of Ba(OH)2(aq), the compound dissociates into its constituent ions, Ba^2+ and OH^-. The concentration of OH^- will be twice the concentration of Ba(OH)2 since each Ba(OH)2 molecule produces two OH^- ions. Therefore, OH^- will be present in the greatest amount.

Ba(OH)2 will be the next species in terms of molar amounts, followed by Ba^2+ since they are both present at half the concentration of OH^-. Water (H2O) does not participate in the chemical reaction and remains unchanged in terms of molar amounts. H3O^+ is not mentioned in the given compound Ba(OH)2 and is not present in this solution.

Therefore, based on the relative molar amounts, the arrangement of the species is as follows: OH^- (greatest amount), Ba(OH)2, Ba^2+, H2O, H3O^+ (least amount).

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The molar concentration of a 12% sodium chloride solution is approximately 2.05 M.

To determine the molar concentration of a 12% sodium chloride solution, we need to convert the given percentage concentration into molarity.

First, we need to understand that the percentage concentration refers to the mass of the solute (sodium chloride) relative to the total mass of the solution.

In this case, a 12% sodium chloride solution means that there are 12 grams of sodium chloride in 100 grams of the solution.

To convert this into molar concentration, we need to consider the molar mass of sodium chloride, which is 58.5 g/mol.

We can start by calculating the number of moles of sodium chloride in 12 grams:

Moles of sodium chloride = mass of sodium chloride / molar mass of sodium chloride

Moles of sodium chloride = 12 g / 58.5 g/mol = 0.205 moles

Next, we calculate the volume of the solution in liters using the density of the solution. Since the density is not provided, we assume a density of 1 g/mL for simplicity:

Volume of solution = mass of solution / density

Volume of solution = 100 g / 1 g/mL = 100 mL = 0.1 L

Finally, we calculate the molar concentration (Molarity) by dividing the number of moles by the volume in liters:

Molar concentration = moles of solute / volume of solution

Molar concentration = 0.205 moles / 0.1 L = 2.05 M

Therefore, the molar concentration of a 12% sodium chloride solution is approximately 2.05 M.


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Answer:

Volume = 30cm³

Explanation:

A block is a geometrical figure and its volume, -look at the figure-, follows the equation:

Volume = Width*Length*Height

As the measurements of the block are 5.00cm, 3.00cm and 2.00cm, the volume is:

Volume = 5.00cm*2.00cm*3.00cm

Answer:

Extinction event or sometimes known as Mass extinction

Explanation:

These events typically are typically widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity (which takes into account spread and existence of current species). The worst mass extinction was Permian–Triassic extinction where over 90% of species of organisms vanished.

Answer:

B - CALCIUM

Explanation:

Hopes it helps

Answer:

mass number = 3

Explanation:

Hydrogen is the only chemical species that has an isotope with 2 neutrons. Since all hydrogen atoms only have 1 proton, the mass number of hydrogen isotope with 2 nuetrons would be 3. The mass number is equal to number of protons + neutrons (+ electrons but they have virtually no mass so they can be excluded).

The purpose of soaking the string is to ensure uniform distribution of the liquid or solution throughout the string. The ends of the string are left in the beaker to allow the liquid or solution to travel up the string via capillary action.

When a string is soaked, it absorbs the liquid or solution through capillary action, which is the ability of a liquid to flow against gravity in narrow spaces, such as small gaps between fibers in a string. Soaking the string allows the liquid or solution to be drawn up evenly through the entire length of the string, ensuring that it is fully saturated.

Leaving the ends of the string in the beaker ensures a continuous flow of the liquid or solution into the string. The liquid or solution at the bottom of the beaker continues to be drawn up through capillary action, replacing the liquid or solution that is absorbed by the string and maintaining a steady flow.

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Answer:

Two young school mates talk you vivo en miami the answer is Dónde vives tú

Explanation: