HURRRYYY
in a chemical reaction you will always have an excess reactant. true or false?

The boiling point of a substance can be found by using the equation: T = (delta h / delta s), where delta H is the enthalpy change and delta S is the entropy change.

To find the boiling point of a substance given the enthalpy change (delta h) and entropy change (delta s), we can use the equation:

delta G = delta H - T * delta S

Here, delta G represents the change in Gibbs free energy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, delta H is the enthalpy change, and delta S is the entropy change.

The boiling point is the temperature at which the Gibbs free energy change becomes zero, indicating that the substance is transitioning from a liquid to a gas. To find the boiling point, we rearrange the equation:

delta G = delta H - T * delta S

Solving for T:

T = (delta H / delta S)

By substituting the given values of delta H and delta S into the equation, we can calculate the boiling point of the substance.

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False. In a closed system, matter can not enter or exit that is there is no change in the matter of the system.

Three types of systems exist in nature:

1. Open System: In this system, the matter can interact with the surroundings or matter can enter or exit the system from the surrounding. Similarly, the energy of the system also interacts with its surroundings and can be lost or gained.

For example oceans etc.

2. Closed system: In this system, the matter is unable to interact with the surroundings that are matter can't exit or enter the system. While the energy of the system is able to interact with the surroundings.

For example Earth etc

3. Isolated system: In this system, both matter and energy are unable to interact with the surrounding. There is no exchange between matter and the energy of surroundings.

For example thermos-teel bottles etc.

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Based on the graph and the information provided, it can be stated another solution took place as there is a change in the properties of the substance.

The word "transmittance" refers to the ratio or in this case the percentage of light that can pass through a substance of object. This concept implies that if the tranmittance is 100% is beceuse 100% of the light is passing through the sample and 0% is of the light is being absorbed by it. In the same way if the transmittance is 20% is because the solution has likely become more dense and 80% of the light is being absorbed.

Considering the transmittance is directly related to concentration and density if there is a big change in the transmittance such as this returning to 100% it is likely because there was a chemical reaction that changed the properties (density) or concentrion of the sample.

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Answer:

Explanation:

A compound that can act both as an acid and a base is called an amphoteric substance. A good example (based on the question) of an amphoteric substance is the Aluminium hydroxide [Al(OH)₃] where Aluminium is the "M" in M-O-H. Aluminium is in the third period of the periodic table. The reaction below shows aluminium can act both as an acid and as a base in different neutralization reactions.

As an acid

Al(OH)₃ + 3NaOH ⇒ Na₃AlO₃ + 3H₂O

As a base

3HCl + Al(OH)₃ ⇒ AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

NOTE: A neutralization reaction is a reaction between an acid and a base to give you salt and water

The correct descriptions of a mole are:

a. Avogadro's number of items

b. 6.022 × \(10^2^3\) items

d. The amount of a substance containing the same number of formula units as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon.

a. Avogadro's number of items:

Avogadro's number is a fundamental constant in chemistry and is defined as the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in one mole of a substance. It is approximately equal to 6.022 × \(10^2^3\) items. Therefore, option a correctly describes a mole as Avogadro's number of items.

b. 6.022 × \(10^2^3\) items:

This is the numerical value of Avogadro's number. As mentioned earlier, it represents the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in one mole of a substance. So, option b is another correct description of a mole.

c. Mass multiplied by acceleration:

This description does not accurately describe a mole. The product of mass and acceleration is a measure of force (Newton's second law of motion) and is unrelated to the concept of a mole in chemistry.

d. The amount of a substance containing the same number of formula units as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon:

This is a correct description of a mole. It refers to the concept of the molar mass, where one mole of a substance contains the same number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. This concept allows for the conversion between mass (in grams) and the number of moles.

So, the correct options are a, b, and d.

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The salt that, when 1 mole is dissolved in water, produces the solution with a pH closest to 7.00 is NH4Cl.

This is because NH4Cl is an acidic salt that undergoes hydrolysis in water to produce ammonium ions (NH4+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The ammonium ions can act as a weak acid, reacting with water to form hydronium ions (H3O+), which decreases the pH of the solution.

However, the chloride ions can act as a weak base, reacting with water to form hydroxide ions (OH-), which increases the pH of the solution. The net effect is that the pH of the solution is slightly acidic, but closest to 7.00.

Among the given salts, when 1 mole is dissolved in water, potassium chloride (KCl) produces a solution with a pH closest to 7.00. This is because KCl dissociates into potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in water, and neither ion significantly affects the pH of the solution.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Chemical reactions involve electron rearrangements. Nuclear reactions involve changes to the nucleus.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The time it takes to heat this water in a 1-kg steel pan sitting on a 1,500-W electric stove burner that transfers 75% of its energy output to the water and the pan is 90 seconds (rounded to the nearest whole second).

We need to calculate the time taken to heat the water in a 1-kg steel pan sitting on a 1,500-W electric stove burner that transfers 75% of its energy output to the water and the pan. The given information are as follows:

Specific heat of water, cw = 4184 J/kg °C

Specific heat of steel, cs = 450 J/kg °C

Energy supplied by the electric stove burner, P = 1,500 W (75% of which is transferred to the water and the pan)

Mass of water, mw = 250 g = 0.25 kg

Mass of steel pan, ms = 1 kg

Initial temperature of water and steel pan, T1 = 10 °C

Final temperature of water and steel pan (boiling point of water), T2 = 100 °C

Heat absorbed by the steel pan = Qs = ms × cs × (T2 - T1)Heat absorbed by the water = Qw = mw × cw × (T2 - T1)

Total heat absorbed by the water and the pan = Q = Qw + Qs = (0.25 × 4184 × 90) + (1 × 450 × 90) J= 94,140 + 40,500 J= 1,34,640 J

Time taken to heat the water and the pan = t = Q/P= 1,34,640 / 1,500 s= 89.76 or 90 s

Therefore, the time it takes to heat this water in a 1-kg steel pan sitting on a 1,500-W electric stove burner that transfers 75% of its energy output to the water and the pan is 90 seconds (rounded to the nearest whole second).

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A lunar eclipse can be photographed sometimes when Earth is in between the sun and the Moon.

A lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth, and Moon align in the same line in which the Moon passes into Earth's shadow. In a total lunar eclipse, the entire Moon falls within the darkest part of Earth's shadow, called the umbra so we can conclude that claim 2  is the right answer about lunar eclipse.

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Dissolved load is moved by traction. Dissolved load refers to particles or substances that are suspended in a fluid and are carried along by the fluid's movement. Option C.

Traction is the force that is exerted on an object by a fluid, such as water or air, and it can be used to move dissolved loads. Other mechanisms that can be used to move dissolved loads include saltation (the process of bouncing along the surface of a fluid), suspension (the process of being carried along in a fluid), and solution (the process of being dissolved in a fluid). However, traction is the most common mechanism for moving dissolved loads.  

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Full Question;

dissolved load is moved by .

a. saltation

b. suspension

c. traction

d. solution

The relative atomic mass of hydrogen 1.00

The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of the atoms of an element measured in atomic mass unit

Here given data is

99.30% of H atoms

0.70% H atoms

So we have to calculate the relative atomic mass of hydrogen. = ?

So the relative atomic mass = (isotope abundance × isotope mass) + (isotope abundance × isotope mass)

Relative atomic mass = (99.30% × 1) + (0.70% × 1)

Relative atomic mass = 1.00

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Answer: high viscosity fluids move sluggishly and resist deformation.

Explanation: some examples of high viscosity liquids is Honey, syrup, motor oil, and other liquids that do not flow freely

Answer:

Organ systems & their main functions

Explanation:

The chest bones Rib Cage & spine - protects the vital organs (heart, lung,liver) from injury & provides structural support for body.

Skin is the body's first line of defense & keeps the body warm. In case of any invading infection, fever - body temperature rise fights it.

Circulatory system (containing heart) & its body fluid blood -  transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells

Endocrine system regulates growth, produces hormones - that target organs via bloodstream.

The reaction rate would increase.

In an acidic media, the reaction between potassium iodate and sodium meta-bisulfite produces iodine. Firstly, hydrogen sulfite and iodate ions are formed. Iodide ions are produced as a result of the reaction between iodate ions and hydrogen sulfite ions. Iodine is formed when the excess of iodate ions reacts with iodide ions in the existence of hydrogen ions. Iodine instantly combines with any remaining hydrogen sulfite ions to make iodide ions before it can mix with starch to form a dark blue-colored complex. The iodine is then free to combine with the starch to create the colorful complex after all of the hydrogen sulfite ions have completed their reactions. The color reveals the consumption of the sulfite ions. In order to observe this reaction, a known but constrained amount of sodium meta-bisulfite solution and starch solution can be added. The amount of time it takes for the blue color to develop is used to measure the rate of reaction. Overuse of bisulfite will stop the development of the dark blue complex.

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To balance the chemical equation PC15 + H2O → H3PO4 + HCl using linear algebra technique, we can set up an augmented matrix and solve the system of equations. Here's the step-by-step process:

Create a matrix or put it in vector form by assigning variables to P, Cl, H, O: Let's assign:

P = x (coefficient for PCl5)

Cl = y (coefficient for HCl)

H = z (coefficient for H3PO4)

O = w (coefficient for H2O)

The equation becomes: xPCl5 + yH2O → zH3PO4 + wHCl Set up the equation in matrix form:

| PCl5 | + | H2O | = | H3PO4 | + | HCl |

| 1 | + | 0 | = | 0 | + | 0 |

| 0 | + | 2 | = | 0 | + | 0 |

| 0 | + | 0 | = | 1 | + | -1 |

| 0 | + | 0 | = | 0 | + | 24 |

This gives us the augmented matrix form:

| 1 0 0 0 0 |

| 0 1 2 0 0 |

| 0 0 0 1 -1 |

| 0 0 0 0 24 |

Solve the system using row operations: Performing row operations to simplify the augmented matrix:

R2 = R2 - 2R1

R4 = R4 / 24

The simplified augmented matrix becomes:

| 1 0 0 0 0 |

| 0 1 0 0 0 |

| 0 0 0 1 -1 |

| 0 0 0 0 1 |

From the simplified matrix, we can assign values to the variables:

P = 0

Cl = 0

H = 0

O = 0

This implies that the coefficients for PCl5, H2O, H3PO4, and HCl are all zero. Enter the coefficients into the chemical equation: The balanced chemical equation is:

0PCl5 + 0H2O → 0H3PO4 + 0HCl

Therefore, the balanced equation is: PCl5 + H2O → H3PO4 + HCl (unbalanced)

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The best material for insulation in this case would be Styrofoam. Styrofoam is lightweight, strong, and an excellent thermal insulator. It is composed of tiny bubbles of air that are suspended in a matrix of plastic. The air trapped inside the bubbles acts as a thermal barrier, keeping heat out or in, depending on the application.

Its lightweight nature makes it easier to manipulate, while its strength gives it the durability needed to keep a drink hot or cold. Its insulation properties also make it the perfect material for the student's insulated drink cup.

Styrofoam can be cut and shaped easily, making it a great material for use in drink cups. The material is also easy to clean and resistant to water and other liquids, which makes it ideal for frequent use. Additionally, Styrofoam is both affordable and widely available, making it an ideal choice for the student's project.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The volume of a substance when given the density and mass can be found by using the formula

\(volume = \frac{mass}{density} \\\)

From the question we have

\(volume = \frac{50.75}{11.3} \\ = 4.491150...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

One likely reason some experimental automobiles have been developed to use electricity rather than gasoline is to reduce carbon emissions and increase energy efficiency.

Gasoline-powered vehicles emit greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change, while electric vehicles produce zero emissions. Additionally, electric vehicles have a higher energy efficiency than gasoline-powered vehicles because they convert a higher percentage of the energy stored in their batteries into motion, whereas gasoline engines waste a significant amount of energy as heat. These factors make electric vehicles a more environmentally friendly and efficient alternative to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles.

Electric vehicles produce zero tailpipe emissions, which significantly reduces air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, they are more energy-efficient because they convert a higher percentage of energy from their power source into vehicle movement, while gasoline-powered cars lose a significant amount of energy as waste heat. Furthermore, the electricity used to charge EVs can be generated from renewable sources like solar or wind, which further reduces their environmental impact.

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Neo-pentane represents the Compound A while compound B is n-pentane.

After careful consideration we can say that compounds A and B are alkanes and also isomers of pentane. In chemistry, Isomers are defined as compounds having same empirical molecular formula but different structural formulas due to varying arrangement of atoms.

Now, as per the question statement, compound A gives a single monochlorination product upon heating with the molecule of chlorine i.e. Cl2 showing that the molecule is extremely symmetric. This molecule must be neo-pentane. Refer to image 1.

Similarly, Compound B forms 3 constitutional isomers after undergoing monochlorination. This compound must be n-pentane since three are 3 different types of carbon atoms in the structure. Refer to image 2.

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Neopentane makes up component A, while n-pentane makes up compound B.

First and foremost, it is important to understand that compounds A and B are isomers and alkanes of pentane. Compounds with distinct structural formulas but the same molecular formula are known as isomers.

When heated with Cl2, compound A now produces a single monochlorination product, demonstrating the molecule's high degree of symmetry. Neopentane must be this chemical (image 1).

Upon monochlorination, compound B divides into three constitutional isomers.

A halogen atom is replaced with another substance in a process known as halogenation, where the halogen atom eventually becomes a component of the new substance or compound. In general, one or more halogens are typically added to the chemical during the halogenation reaction.

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When they talk about items found, they refer to molecules. According to Avogadro, one mole of any substance, regardless of its type, contains the same amount of molecules equal to 6.022x10^23.

Now they tell us about a molecule of silver and a mole of calcium. In one mole of calcium, there will be 6.023x10^23 molecules, which is different from one molecule of silver, so the answer will be false

D) 4. 4  Molecules Are Polar in XeCl_2 COF_2 PCl_4F SF_6. While the molecule's S-F bonds are polar, it is nonpolar due to its octahedral shape and lack of lone pairs.

The existence of polar bonds and the molecular geometry affect a molecule's polarity. When the electronegativity of the atoms making the bond differs significantly, the bond is said to be polar. To ascertain each molecule's polarity:

XeCl2: Because of the difference in electronegativity, Xe-Cl bonds are polar, but because the molecule is linear, it is not polar.

COF2: It is polar because the C-O and C-F bonds are polar and the molecular geometry is trigonal planar.

PCl4F: The molecule has a tetrahedral shape with one lone pair, which makes the P-Cl bonds in the compound polar.

SF6: While the molecule's S-F bonds are polar, it is nonpolar due to its octahedral shape and lack of lone pairs.

The (C)1 molecule (COF2) is polar, thus that is the correct response.

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Answer

A neutron

Explanation:

Answer:

1: They could get mixed up and then it messes other stuff up, 2: It keeps you orgnized

Explanation:

The mass of the iron will produce is equal to 11.16 grams and iron oxide will be the limiting reagent.

A limiting reagent can be explained as the reactant present in the chemical reaction which is consumed completely first during the completion of a reaction.

The limiting reagent in a chemical reaction decides the amount of the product when the reactants are not taken in stoichiometry.

Given, chemical reaction of iron oxide and aluminum represented as:\(Fe_2O_3 + 2Al \longrightarrow Al_2O_3 + 2Fe\)is:

The mass of the iron oxide = 16 g

The number of moles of iron oxide = 16/159.7 = 0.1 moles

The mass of aluminum powder = 8.1 g

The number of moles of Al = 8.1/27 = 0.3 mol

The 2 moles of Al react with iron oxide = 1

0.3 moles of Al react with iron oxide = 0.3/2 = 0.15 mol

Therefore iron oxide is a limiting reagent.

One mole of iron oxide will produce iron = 2 mol

0.1 mol of iron oxide will produce iron metal = 2 × 0.1 = 0.2 mol

The maximum mass of iron metal = 0.2 ×55.8 = 11.16 g

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Answer:

20.82

Explanation:

Answer:

its c

Explanation:

i took the test and got a 100

Assuming that the trends continue, sodium chloride compound will have the greatest solubility at 120 ℃.

Solubility is defined as the ability of a substance which is basically solute to form a solution with another substance. There is an extent to which a substance is soluble in a particular solvent. This is generally measured as the concentration of a solute present in a saturated solution.

The solubility mainly depends on the composition of solute and solvent ,its pH and presence of other dissolved substance. It is also dependent on temperature and pressure which is maintained.Concept of solubility is not valid for chemical reactions which are irreversible. The dependency of solubility on various factors is due to interactions between the particles, molecule or ions.

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Answer:

D

Explanation: