Humans are dependent on _______ for their food supply. a. water b. biomass c. fossil fuels d. timber please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answers
For their food supply, humans are reliant on biomass.
Option b is correct
Defining biomass?Biomass is organic material that is renewable and comes from both plants and animals.
For their food supply, humans are reliant on biomass. Biomass is the organic material created by living things as part of their natural life cycles. When one organism is consumed by another in a food chain to get food and energy, the biomass is passed from one organism to the next. Since humans are hetrotrophic organisms, they are reliant on plants and animals for both their food and energy needs. Food is a type of biomass that is passed from living thing to living thing along the food chain.
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Related Questions
Histamine binds to the h1 g-protein-linked receptor to initiate the itchiness and airway constriction associated with an allergic response. If a mutation in the associated g-protein’s alpha subunit prevented the hydrolysis of gtp how would the allergic response change?.
Answers
Greater allergic reaction than would occur with normal G-protein signaling. In our cells, the G protein system is the most prevalent kind of signaling. Our cells contain tens of thousands of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR).
What about histamine?Histamine causes itching by interacting with nerves. It can lead to nausea and diarrhea in people with food sensitivities.Additionally, it tightens the lungs muscles, making breathing more difficult.Most concerning is when histamine results in anaphylaxis, a serious reaction that can be fatal. Headaches or migraines, nasal congestion or sinus problems, exhaustion, and hives are all signs of histamine intolerance. The two main causes of acute histamine poisoning are rotting fish or insufficient refrigeration.As a result, bacteria overgrow and produce excessive amounts of histamine from histidine. Histamine poisoning may be more likely in those with extremely low levels of the enzyme diamine oxidase. Histamine levels in the blood and urine are typically quite low. People who have a strong allergic reaction and those who have a disease in which the number of mast cells rises (proliferates) and/or becomes active without obvious sensitivities can both experience significant increases. Starting an elimination diet, which limits consumption to foods and beverages with minimal levels of histamine, is the greatest strategy to help the body get rid of histamine.Learn more about histamine here:
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The current population of a threatened animal species is 1.6 million, but it is declining with a half-life of 20 years. How many animals will be left in 40 years? in 65 years? The population after 40 years will be animals. (Round to the nearest whole number as needed.) The population after 65 years will be animals. (Round to the nearest whole number as needed.)
Answers
The population after 40 years will be 400,000 animals, and the population after 65 years will be approximately 336,000 animals.
To determine the population after a certain time period, we can use the formula for exponential decay;
N(t) = N0 × \((1/2)^{(t/T)}\)
Where;
N(t) is the population at time t
N0 is the initial population
t is the time elapsed
T is the half-life of the population
Given;
N0 = 1.6 million
T = 20 years
Let's calculate the population after 40 years;
N(40) = 1.6 million × \(1/2^{(65/20)}\)
= 1.6 million × (1/2)²
= 1.6 million × (1/4)
= 400,000
Therefore, the population after 40 years will be 400,000 animals.
Now, let's calculate the population after 65 years;
N(65) = 1.6 million × \((1/2)^{(65/20)}\)
= 1.6 million × \((1/2)^{(13/4)}\)
≈ 1.6 million × 0.210
≈ 336,000
Therefore, the population after 65 years will be approximately 336,000 animals.
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A
B
The mantle moves very slowly,
similar to how molten lava
moves. This type of movement
is known as "plastic"! What
causes this plastic motion?
The cold temperatures in the mantle
The hot temperatures in the mantle
Answers
The plastic motion in the mantle is caused by the high temperatures in the mantle, which cause the mantle to deform slowly like a viscous fluid.
How does molten lava move?Molten lava moves in a slow, plastic manner, similar to the movement of the mantle. This type of movement is due to the high viscosity and solid-like behavior of the mantle material, which is partially solid and partially liquid.
The movement is driven by the temperature differences, pressure gradients, and convection currents within the mantle, which cause slow and gradual flow over long periods of time.
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5. which of the following statements is true? a) mrna is the only type of rna found in the living system b) all forms of life employ the same genetic code c) a typical human liver cell has one set of chromosomes d) organisms interact but do not affect their environment
Answers
The true statement among the options provided is b) All forms of life employ the same genetic code.
The correct option is B
In general , genetic code, which consists of the correspondence between specific nucleotide sequences in DNA or RNA and the amino acids they encode, is universal among all known forms of life. This means that the same set of codons (three-nucleotide sequences) in DNA or mRNA specifies the same amino acids during protein synthesis, regardless of the organism.
On the other hand different types of RNA found in living systems, including mRNA (messenger RNA), rRNA (ribosomal RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and others. Each type of RNA serves distinct functions in gene expression and protein synthesis. Also, human liver cell (or any somatic cell) contains two sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent, for a total of 46 chromosomes in humans.
Hence B is the correct option
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What is the name of Earth’s innermost layer?
Answers
Answer:
Earth core or inner core
Explanation:
Explain how a mutation that changes the amino acid sequence of the protein hemoglobin affects the protein and results in sickle cell anemia.
Answers
Answer:
sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin beta (or HBB) gene and it leads to a single change in amino acid sequence. this gene is located on chromosome 19
Explanation:
In what molecule does the energy from these high-energy electrons end up
Answers
The energy from these high-energy electrons ends up in ATP molecules.
What is the energy currency of the cell?The main molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells is adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). It is frequently referred to as the cell's energy currency and is like the money that is kept in a bank. When the cell needs energy, ATP can be taken out and used to fuel processes or stored for use in later ones. Animals use ATP to retain the energy released during meal digestion.Plants use photosynthesis to absorb light energy, which they then store in ATP molecules. An adenine base is joined to a ribose sugar, which is joined to three phosphate groups, to form the nucleotide ATP. Two phospho-anhydride bonds, which have high energy, connect these three phosphate groups. Energy is released and ATP is changed into adenosine diphosphate when one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond during a procedure known as hydrolysis (ADP).When phosphate is taken out of ADP to create adenosine monophosphate, energy is also released (AMP).In order to make unfavorable reactions in a cell favorable, this free energy can be transferred to other molecules. By creating fresh phosphoanhydride bonds, AMP can subsequently be converted back into ADP or ATP and used to store energy once more. As they take part in biological reactions, AMP, ADP, and ATP constantly undergo interconversion within the cell.To learn more about ATP molecules, refer to
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the spinning of earth around its axis is called
Answers
Answer:
Rotation
Explanation:
describes the circular motion of an object around its center
What goes after blood sugar regulation
Answers
Answer:
The pancreas releases glucagon when glucose levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream. High BG levels stimulate the release of insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be taken up and used by insulin-dependent tissues, such as muscle cells.
Explanation:
Some species of dinoflagellates produce neurotoxins that cause fish kills and red tides.
Answers
Dinoflagellates play an important role in marine ecosystems, but their neurotoxins can have harmful effects on both marine life and humans. Ongoing research is aimed at better understanding their ecology and the factors that contribute to harmful blooms.
Dinoflagellates are single-celled organisms found in marine and freshwater environments. Some species of dinoflagellates are known to produce neurotoxins that can be harmful to other organisms, including humans. These toxins can accumulate in the tissues of shellfish and fish that feed on dinoflagellates, leading to harmful effects on marine ecosystems and human health.
One of the most well-known effects of dinoflagellate-produced neurotoxins is the occurrence of "red tides." These are massive blooms of dinoflagellates that discolor the water and deplete oxygen levels, leading to fish kill and other harmful effects on marine life. Some species of dinoflagellates, such as Alexandrium, produce saxitoxins, which can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning in humans who consume contaminated shellfish.
The production of neurotoxins by dinoflagellates is still not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to their role in the marine food web. It is thought that these toxins may help dinoflagellates defend against predators, or may be involved in competition for resources with other microorganisms.
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Cells that act as gatekeepers that permit materials to pass to the neurons of the brain from the capillaries are called.
Answers
Answer:
OLM alpha 2 cells would be the answer.
Cells that act as gatekeepers that permit materials to pass to the neurons of the brain from the capillaries are called astrocytes.
What are astrocytes?Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that exceeds the number neurons by a factor of more than five.
They tile the entire central nervous system and perform a variety of essential complex functions in a healthy central nervous system.
Astrocytes not only control blood flow, but they also transport mitochondria to neurons and provide the building blocks for neurotransmitters, which fuel neuronal metabolism.
Furthermore, astrocytes have the ability to phagocytoze synapses, alter neurotrophin secretion, and clear debris.
Astrocytes can produce a strong antioxidant response to protect themselves and neurons by releasing glutathione precursors to neurons.
Because of their role in scar formation, astrocytes can regulate and contain immune responses, thereby controlling neuroinflammation.
Thus, the answer is astrocytes.
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The four major parts of the adult brain are the ___, diencephalon, the brainstem and the cerebellum.
Answers
The four major parts of the adult brain are the cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum.
The four major parts of the adult brain are the cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum. The cerebrum is the largest and most prominent part of the brain, responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, memory, and voluntary movements.
The diencephalon, located beneath the cerebrum, includes structures like the thalamus and hypothalamus, which play essential roles in sensory processing, regulation of homeostasis, and hormone production. The brainstem, positioned at the base of the brain, connects the cerebrum and the spinal cord.
It controls basic functions like breathing, heart rate, and consciousness. Lastly, the cerebellum, located at the back of the brain, is primarily responsible for coordinating movement, balance, and posture. Together, these four major parts of the brain work in harmony to support various cognitive, sensory, motor, and regulatory functions, ensuring the proper functioning of the central nervous system.
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test performance is typically ________ when physiological arousal is ________
Answers
Test performance is enhanced when physiological arousal is moderate, as it affects the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Low arousal reduces alertness and motivation, while high arousal can cause distractions and overwhelm. Moderate arousal improves attention, memory, and cognitive flexibility, leading to better academic performance.
Test performance is typically enhanced when physiological arousal is moderate.
Physiological arousal can refer to the overall level of activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
When arousal is low, as it is when someone is bored or disinterested, the individual is less alert and less motivated to engage with the test. When arousal is high, however, as it is when someone is highly anxious or stressed, the individual may become too distracted or overwhelmed to perform well on the test. Instead, moderate levels of arousal are thought to be optimal for test performance.
This is because moderate arousal has been shown to improve attention, memory, and cognitive flexibility. Moderate levels of arousal have been associated with improved performance on academic tests and exams.
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Select all inheritance patterns in which 50% of the functional protein is sufficient to produce a wild-type phenotype:1) Simple Mendelian dominant alleles2) An X-linked dominant allele in a heterozygous female3) Haploinsufficient genes4) Incomplete dominance
Answers
The inheritance patterns of haploinsufficient genes and X-linked dominant alleles are those in which 50% of the functional protein is sufficient to produce a phenotype that resembles that of a wild-type person.
Genes with haploinsufficient function With just one functional allele, these genes enable the development of a wild-type phenotype. This is true because only one functioning allele is needed to produce an abundance of functional proteins that can perform all of the predicted cellular functions for the protein.
In this inheritance pattern, the wild-type phenotype of the heterozygous female is caused by the presence of a dominant allele on the X chromosome. Given that females have two X chromosomes, it is sufficient for one functioning allele on one of them to produce enough functional protein to produce a wild-type phenotype.
Unlike Simple Mendelian dominant alleles and incomplete dominance, which both functional copies of the allele must exist for a phenotype to resemble the wild type, these inheritance patterns are not Simple Mendelian dominant alleles or incomplete dominance.
The dominant phenotype will be present in an individual with a single dominant allele in a straightforward Mendelian dominant allele. When there is partial dominance, neither allele is completely dominant, the phenotypes of the two alleles are merged.
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1.What would happen to our growth and development if the pituitary gland is damaged or removed? Explain with example.
2.How do insulin and glucagon maintain blood glucose levels?
3.How is the development of secondary sexual characteristics , such as onset of meanstruation, growth of hair, and production of sperm and eggs related to gonads?
okk
Answers
If the pituitary gland is damaged or removed, our growth and development are adversely affected.
Insulin reduces blood sugar levels.
The development of secondary sexual characteristics is directly related to gonads.
What would happen if your pituitary gland can't work properly?The pituitary gland is known as the master gland of the endocrine system because it controls many hormone glands in our body. Without Pituitary glands, the body wouldn't reproduce and grow properly and many other functions are not working properly in our body.
Insulin reduces the blood sugar levels in our body and provides glucose to the cell for the production of energy. When blood sugar levels are too low, the pancreas releases glucagon in the blood with help of insulin. Glucagon is a type of hormone that pancreas help to regulate your blood glucose levels. The liver release stored glucose which causes the blood sugar levels in the body to rise.
The pubertal changes in secondary sex characteristics like breast development, fat deposition, development of genitalia, changes in the larynx, and hair growth lead to increasing levels of gonads.
So we can conclude that our growth and development are adversely affected if the pituitary gland is damaged or removed.
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Through which process is the stem cell going?
Answers
Answer:
Apheresis
Explanation:
hopes this helps
Answer:
apheresis
Explanation:
What is the stem cell?Stem cells are the body's raw materials — cells from which all other cells with specialized functions are generated. Under the right conditions in the body or a laboratory, stem cells divide to form more cells called daughter cells.
What is apheresis?Apheresis is a procedure in which blood is collected, part of the blood such as platelets or white blood cells is taken out, and the rest of the blood is returned to the donor.
Simple carbohydrates are called ___________________.
Group of answer choices
Monosaccharides
starch
Polysaccharides
Disaccharides
Answers
Answer:
simple sugars
Explanation:
Monosaccharides is the answer
when do oogonia become primary oocytes? a. during puberty b. during the prenatal period c. during menopause d. during the antenatal period e. prior to puberty
Answers
Oogonia transform into primary oocytes at the start of meiosis, moving across the first mitotic cell prophase's leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, as well as nascent diplotene stages.
A plant genus' frequency refers to the quantity of times it appears in a certain amount of quadrats. A Frequency Index would be a common name for frequency, which is typically given as a percentage. In a succession of quadrats evaluated in a region of interest, the idea of frequency represents the probability that a species there.
Oogonia mature into primary oocytes approximately 20 weeks gestation, and exponential phase I of meiosis arrests their development. The growth of the oocytes has been halted in this manner until puberty, when ovulatory cycles begin.
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Based on the Punnett square you completed for question 7, would it be possible to produce a child without hair on the back of their hands if one of the parents had two dominant alleles? Explain.
Answers
First of all the cross you made at number 7 is incorrect
top left is correct
top right is wrong, it should be HH since you combined allele H with allele H
bottom left is correct
bottom right should be Hh since you combined allele H with allele h
8. If you cross two parents with HH and HH the offspring can't manifest the recessive gene since it's not present in both parental genotypes.
Compare the horseshoe crab that lives today with the fossil that is millions of years old. What kind of habitat do you think its fossilized ancestor lived in? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer: Horseshoe crab fossils have been estimated to be 445 million years old. They co-evolved with other primitive arthropods called trilobites, a long-extinct close relative of the horseshoe crab, in the shallow seas of the Paleozoic Era (540-248 million years ago).
The KDEL sequence on the C-termini of ER luminal proteins is necessary for: Group of answer choices processing the protein for secretion
Answers
The KDEL sequence on the C-termini of ER luminal proteins is necessary for retention of the protein within the ER and retrieval of escaped protein
ER luminal proteins are synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and processed within the organelle before being trafficked to other cellular compartments via membrane-bound transport vesicles. Most proteins synthesized by rER ribosomes contain a signal peptide on their N-termini which is recognized by the signal recognition particle and used to dock the ribosome onto the rER membrane.
Proteins destined for the ER lumen contain an ER targeting sequence, generally a signal peptide, that directs the nascent protein to the rER membrane and is cleaved by a signal peptidase following translocation. Other ER luminal proteins, such as the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), contain KDEL or closely related C-terminal sequences that mediate retention of the protein within the ER and retrieval of escaped protein. KDEL and other retrieval sequences are recognized by a receptor in the ER membrane, which retrieves the proteins from later compartments and returns them to the ER.
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a phrase that you will encounter in other contexts is that the genes for these shared biochemical and developmental pathways are conserved. how does this indicate descent from a common ancestor?
Answers
When the genes for shared biochemical and developmental pathways are conserved, it indicates that the organisms that share those genes are likely to have descended from a common ancestor.
Because genetic material is passed down from generation to generation, two organisms with similar genetic material are likely to have a common ancestor. The genetic material of an organism is passed down from generation to generation.
As a result, two organisms with similar genetic material are likely to have a common ancestor. When genes for shared biochemical and developmental pathways are conserved across species, it indicates that the organisms that share those genes likely evolved from a common ancestor.
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after osmosis occurs in beaker a, the cell would be __________ compared to its size at the start of the experiment.
Answers
After osmosis occurs in beaker A, the cell would be larger compared to its size at the start of the experiment.
Osmosis is the process in which solvent molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a selectively permeable membrane. In this experiment, water moves into the cell, which has a higher solute concentration than the surrounding solution in beaker A. As a result, the cell swells and increases in size. If this process continues, the cell may burst due to the excess influx of water, leading to cell death. Therefore, it is important to maintain the balance of solutes and water inside and outside the cell.
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All of the following EXCEPT______ are characteristics of living things.
A. Made of cell
B. Contain DNA
C. Can breath
D. Metabolize
E. Maintain homeostasis
Answers
Answer:
Its D
Explanation:
Which is - a) Universal donor group b) Universal acceptor group?
Answers
The universal donor blood group is O and the universal acceptor group is AB+
What are blood groups?There are four types of blood groups present. They are A, B, AB, and O. The blood groups of a person are determined by the genetics of his parents.
A, B, and Rh antigens are present in the blood group AB+, which has no serum antibodies and is the universal acceptor. On the other side, blood group O- is the universal donor because it does not include the Rh antigen, antigens A or B.
Therefore, a. universal donor blood group is O-.
b. universal acceptor group is AB+
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10. In facilitated diffusion, molecules move? a. Down a concentration gradient b. Against a concentration gradient
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Answer:
A: down a concentration gradient
Explanation:
Explain the advantage of an increase in the number of mitochondria in slow twitch fibres. Include at least 2 points in your response
Answers
Answer:
To produce more ATP molecules.
Explanation:
The advantage of an increase in the number of mitochondria in slow twitch fibers is to provide more ATP is provided to the muscles. These large number of mitochondria is responsible for the production of large amount of ATP which is a fuel that is used by the muscles of the boy in order to continue working. There is high burden on the slow twitch fibres in order to continue its movement, more mitochondria is needed.
Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus envelope. Group of answer choices True False
Answers
Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus envelope is true. The virus envelope is a protective outer layer that surrounds the genetic material of a virus and serves as a shield for the virus.
It is made up of a variety of proteins and lipids .The two main types of virus envelope structures are helical and icosahedral. Helical structures are long, cylindrical shapes, with a repeating pattern of proteins arranged in a helix or spiral. This type of envelope is found in viruses such as tobacco mosaic virus and influenza virus.
On the other hand, icosahedral structures are made up of 20 triangular faces and 12 vertices, forming a symmetrical and spherical structure. This type of envelope is found in viruses such as herpes simplex virus and adenovirus.Both helical and icosahedral virus envelope structures are important in the field of virology, as they play a significant role in the structure, function, and replication of viruses.
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A protein that has many hydrophobic r-groups pointing to the outside of the protein would be found:.
Answers
Answer:
hello there
Explanation:
embedded within the membrane
Which scientist performed an experiment with curved-necks flasks in order to further support the results of Redi's experiment? A. Louis Pasteur B. Charles Darwin C. Ludwid Hirszfeld D. Stephen Hawking
Answers
Answer:
The answer is A. Louis Pasteur
Explanation:
Countinuing Redi's experiment, Pasteur said that if spontanous generation had been a real thing, the germs would have eventually found its way back into the broth, but it couldn't since the curved neck of one flask blocked the germs.