Answers
Answer:
55.55556mols
Explanation:
Related Questions
What is phloem?
What does phloem carries?
Explain the function of sieve tubes and their association with companion cells.
What is translocation?
Explain how pressure and water potential aid translocation.
How can aphid stylets be used to measure phloem transport rates?
How can radioactively-labelled CO2 be used to measure phloem transport rates?
What are meristems?
What are apical meristems?
What is special about these regions/ why are they important?
What process causes the growth of new plant issue?
What is meant by the term ‘tropism’?
Identify 2 tropisms and state how the plant responds to them.
Name the main group of plant hormones.
What are the main functions of plant hormones?
Explain how auxin influences gene expression
What is micropropagation?
How is it done?
Why is it done?
What external factors can affect gene expression and flowering?
Explain how phytochrome triggers flowering in short and long plants.
What is pollination?
What is fertilization?
What is seed dispersal?
How can flowering be induced out of season?
What is germination?
What conditions are required for germination?
Gibberellins are synthesized at the start of germination. What is their role?
Answers
Phloem carries sugars, amino acids, and other organic molecules from photosynthetic and storage tissues to other parts of the plant.
Sieve tubes are long, narrow tubes that transport organic materials in plants. They are associated with companion cells that help them perform their functions, such as loading and unloading substances and providing energy for transport.
Translocation is the movement of organic molecules through the phloem from source to sink.
Pressure and water potential aid translocation by creating a pressure gradient that drives the movement of materials from source to sink. Water moves from areas of high potential to low potential, and pressure is created by the buildup of solutes in the phloem.
Aphid stylets can be used to measure phloem transport rates because they are thin, flexible structures that can penetrate plant tissues and extract sap without damaging the phloem.
Radioactively-labelled CO2 can be used to measure phloem transport rates by tracing the movement of labeled carbon through the phloem.
Meristems are regions of actively dividing cells in plants that give rise to new tissues and organs.
Apical meristems are located at the tips of roots and shoots and are responsible for primary growth.
These regions are important because they generate new plant tissues and organs that are necessary for growth and development.
Cell division causes the growth of new plant tissue.
Tropism refers to the growth or movement of a plant in response to an external stimulus, such as light or gravity.
Two tropisms are phototropism, where the plant responds to light, and gravitropism, where the plant responds to gravity. In phototropism, the plant grows towards the light source, and in gravitropism, the plant responds by growing either towards or away from gravity.
The main group of plant hormones are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene.
The main functions of plant hormones are to regulate growth and development, coordinate responses to environmental cues, and maintain physiological homeostasis.
Auxin influences gene expression by binding to a receptor and activating a signaling pathway that leads to changes in gene expression and cellular function.
Micropropagation is a method of asexual reproduction in which small pieces of plant tissue are used to produce new plants.
It is done by culturing the plant tissue on a nutrient-rich medium under sterile conditions to promote growth and development.
Micropropagation is done to produce large numbers of genetically identical plants for research, commercial purposes, or conservation.
External factors that can affect gene expression and flowering include temperature, light intensity and quality, and photoperiod (the duration of day and night).
Phytochrome triggers flowering in short-day plants by promoting the expression of flowering genes when the night is longer than a critical length. In long-day plants, phytochrome promotes flowering when the night is shorter than a critical length.
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male to the female reproductive structures of a flower.
Fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
Seed dispersal is the process by which seeds are spread from the parent plant to new locations.
Flowering can be induced out of season by manipulating photoperiod or by using chemicals such as gibberellins.
Germination is the process by which a seed begins to grow into a new plant.
The conditions required for germination include moisture, oxygen, and appropriate temperature.
Gibberellins are synthesized at the start of germination and promote seed germination, stem elongation, and fruit development.
Describe the inflammatory process that occurs and include the role that neutrophils and monocytes
Answers
Answer:
Inflammatory process: When the body is invaded by germs or a bacterial infection, the body’s immune system will respond to it by creating antibodies and sending white blood cells to fight the germs or infection. As the immune system interacts with the invading pathogen, the infection site will go through the inflammatory process. This process will vary, depending on area that is being affected. It usually will consist of an injury response, an immune response, tissue healing and wound repair. As the body goes through bacterial or physical trauma, it will immediately respond by sending white blood cells to the area. Produced in the lymph nodes and in bone marrow, white blood cells are released into the bloodstream, devouring and cannibalizing the invading pathogens. As part of the inflammatory process, the localized area usually will become tender and particularly sore. If the trauma is on the skin, then the area also will be prone to discoloration. The inflammatory process is closely linked to the immune system. The immune system will dilate the blood vessels, forcing blood that is rich with oxygen and white blood cells to surround the trauma area. Inflammation is the accumulation of white blood cells as they surround and kill the invading pathogen. As the trauma area heals, there will be a certain amount of pus. The pus is a collection of dead cells from the invading pathogen as well as cells produced by the immune system. Some swelling usually will occur during the inflammatory process. Protein and water will surround the area, making the area inflamed and slightly disfigured. The protein will contain antibodies to protect the area from being re-infected and will encourage tissue growth and healing. Pain can be an ongoing component of the inflammatory process. As the physiological aspects of the trauma area change, the area can be continuously painful and tender. The inflammatory process usually ends as soon as the invading pathogen is eradicated or as soon as the trauma area heals. Pus formations will usually stop, the area will become stable, and inflammation will subside.
Role of neutrophils & monocytes:
Tissue Macrophage Is a First Line of Defense Against Infection. Within minutes after inflammation begins, the macrophages already present in the tissues, whether histiocytes in the subcutaneous tissues, alveolar macrophages in the lungs, microglia in the brain, or others, immediately begin their phagocytic actions.
When activated by the products of infection and inflammation, the first effect is rapid enlargement of each of these cells. Next, many of the previously sessile macrophages break loose from their attachments and become mobile, forming the first line of defense against infection during the first hour or so. The numbers of these early mobilized macrophages often are not great, but they are lifesaving.
Neutrophil Invasion of the Inflamed Area Is a Second Line of Defense. Within the first hour or so after inflammation begins, large numbers of neutrophils begin to invade the inflamed area from the blood. This is caused by products from the inflamed tissues that initiate the following reactions: (1) They alter the inside surface of the capillary endothelium, causing neutrophils to stick to the capillary walls in the inflamed area. This effect is called margination. (2) They cause the intercellular attachments between the endothelial cells of the capillaries and small venules to loosen, allowing openings large enough for neutrophils to pass by diapedesis directly from the blood into the tissue spaces. (3) Other products of inflammation then cause chemotaxis of the neutrophils toward the injured tissues, as explained earlier. Thus, within several hours after tissue damage begins, the area becomes well supplied with neutrophils. Because the blood neutrophils are already mature cells, they are ready to immediately begin their scavenger functions for killing bacteria and removing foreign matter.
What would be some realistic mutations you would want to have?? Please I need help
Answers
Answer:
1. Enhanced night vision
2. Ability to self-heal
3. Increased strength
4. Temperature regulation
5. Aquatic adaptation
6. Photosynthesis
7. Increased intelligence
8. Ability to fly
Explanation:
You wish to investigate how exercise affects the rate of cellular respiration. You decide to squeeze a ball for 5 minutes and around 3 minutes you begin to experience a burning sensation and fatigue. This means your muscles are beginning to run out of oxygen. What process is causing the burning in your muscles?
Answers
During an exercise, the process that is causing the burning in your muscles is the production of lactic acid in anaerobic respiration.
What is the effect of exercise on cellular respiration?Exercise refers to any activity that involves planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movements that are performed in order to maintain or improve the physical fitness of the body.
During exercise, the rate of cellular respiration increases, and similarly the rate of breathing increases.
At a point during the exercise, where the rate of oxygen consumption by the muscles exceeds the rate at which it is replenished during breathing, the cells of the muscles switch from aerobic respiration to anaerobic respiration.
During anaerobic respiration in the muscle cells, lactic acid is produced. The production of lactic acid in the muscles results in a burning sensation in the muscles as well as producing feelings of fatigue.
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Question 5 of 10 What general rule describes what happens to the energy in a given trophic level? OA. Only about 10% of all the energy in a trophic level gets used for metabolism. OB. Only about 90% of all the energy in a trophic level gets used for metabolism. O C. Only about 10% of all the energy in a trophic level gets transferred to the next level. OD. Only about 90% of all the energy in a trophic level gets transferred to the next level. the answer is C
Answers
The general rule that describes what happens to the energy in a given trophic level is as follows: Only about 10% of all the energy in a trophic level gets transferred to the next level (option C).
What is trophic level?Trophic level in ecology is the particular position occupied by a group of organisms in a food chain.
A food chain is the feeding relationships between species in a biotic community. In the food chain, living organisms derive energy from one another by feeding on one another.
However, 90% of energy is used by the living organisms that occupies the trophic level. This means only about 10% is transferred from one trophic level to another.
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2.1.3 Explain the consequence on human reproduction if a male wearstight-fitting underwear all the time.
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what type of pigment is located in the membrane of the thylakoid
Answers
Answer:
The green pigment chlorophyll is located within the thylakoid membrane, and the space between the thylakoid and the chloroplast membranes is called the stroma.
Explanation:
Answer:
green pigment chlorophyll
Explanation:
the green pigment chlorophyll is located within the Thylakoid membrane, and the space between the thylakiod the and chloroplast membranes is called the storma
In the summer, what levels of dissolved oxygen would you expect compared to the winter? A. Higher levels of dissolved oxygen in the summer B. You cannot compare dissolved oxygen between summer and winter C. Lower levels of dissolved oxygen in the summer D. Equal levels of dissolved oxygen
Answers
It is expected to observe lower levels of dissolved oxygen in the summer when compared to the winter. It is because cold water holds more dissolved oxygen.
Dissolved oxygen in aquatic environmentsCold water holds more dissolved oxygen (O2) when compared to warm water, thereby its levels are higher during this period.
In summer, the temperature in the aquatic environments is high, thereby decreasing the levels of dissolved oxygen.
Low dissolved oxygen can also be an outcome observed during excessive algae growth, which is mainly due to the presence of many phosphorus.
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3. Which of the following apparent magnitudes is the faintest
O +6.4
O-0.2
-3.9
O +31.2
Answers
The faintest apparent magnitude among the given options is +31.2.
Apparent magnitude is a measure of the brightness of an astronomical object as observed from Earth. The lower the apparent magnitude, the brighter the object appears.
herefore, a more negative apparent magnitude indicates a brighter object. In this case, the options provided are O +6.4, O-0.2, -3.9, and O +31.2. Among these, the magnitude is +31.2.
It is important to note that the positive sign (+) does not imply brightness but is used to represent objects with relatively faint magnitudes compared to objects with negative magnitudes.
Thus, +31.2 represents a very faint object.
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Sensory nerves are fibers that
A. send signals toward the central nervous system
B. send signals toward the peripheral nervous system
C. send signals toward and receive signals from the peripheral nervous system
D. send signals toward and receive signals from the central nervous system
Answers
A. send signals toward the central nervous system
Answer:
Explanation:
A
What causes an ecosystem to move from a primary successional stage towards a relatively-stable mature ecosystem?
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is "secondary succession, an ecological succession step where an area previously occupied by living beings is disrupted".
Explanation:
In ecological succession, an ecosystem changes and develops through a series of steps. The first step, is the primary successional stage where rocks or other sedimentary structures are colonized by microorganisms. The second step, where the ecosystems changes towards a relatively-stable mature stage, occurs when an area previously occupied by living beings is disrupted. This step is named secondary succession, and the most clear example of this phenomena occurs when wildfire clears oak and hickory forests.
When a microbe must live in a high-salt environment, such as ocean water, it can protect itself by accumulating osmolytes. To protect against the hypertonic environment, osmolytes hydrogen-bond to water molecules inside the cell so there are ________ free water molecules inside the cell, thus ________ the rate at which water can leave the cell.
Answers
When a microbe must live in a high-salt environment, such as ocean water, it can protect itself by accumulating osmolytes. To protect against the hypertonic environment, osmolytes hydrogen-bond to water molecules inside the cell so there are fewer free water molecules inside the cell, thus reducing the rate at which water can leave the cell.
A microorganism, often known as a microbe, is a microscopic-sized organism that can be either a single cell or a group of cells. Microbes play numerous roles in human culture and health, including treating sewage and fermenting food as well as producing enzymes, fuel, and other bioactive substances.
As model organisms, microbes are crucial tools in biology and have been used in bioterrorism and biological warfare. In order for soil to remain fruitful, microbes are essential. The important gut flora is one of the bacteria that make up the human microbiota in the body. Microbes are microorganisms that cause many infectious diseases, and as a result, they are the focus of hygiene efforts.
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Gretta draws a phylogenetic tree for plants. She makes a list of flowering plants, gymnosperms, seed plants, vascular plants,
and nonvascular plants. How does she organize her phylogenetic tree? Select all that apply.
a. She draws branches for flowering plants at the beginning of her tree.
b. She draws branches for gymnosperms at the beginning of her tree.
c. She draws branches for simple land plants after the branches for flowering plants.
d. She draws branches for flowering plants next to each other.
e. She draws branches for gymnosperms next to nonvascular plants.
f. She draws a branch for gymnosperms after the branches for vascular plants.
Answers
b. She draws branches for gymnosperms at the beginning of her tree.
c. She draws branches for simple land plants after the branches for flowering plants.
f. She draws a branch for gymnosperms after the branches for vascular plants.
What is the Gretta's organization of her phylogenetic tree?Gretta's organization of her phylogenetic tree likely follows the current understanding of plant evolution. Gymnosperms are considered to be one of the earliest groups of plants to evolve and are therefore placed at the beginning of the tree.
Flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, are a more recent group of plants that evolved after gymnosperms and are placed after gymnosperms in the tree. Simple land plants, which include nonvascular plants, are thought to have evolved before vascular plants, and are therefore placed after flowering plants. Vascular plants, which include both gymnosperms and angiosperms, are a diverse group of plants that evolved a system of tubes for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant. Gymnosperms and angiosperms are placed in separate branches of the tree after the branches for simple land plants.
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The initiation of DNA synthesis on the lagging strand requires the formation of a RNA primer. True or False
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hope this helps you
One of the challenges facing the world today is supplying enough food for the human population. Farming with genetically modified plants is a possible solution to this challenge. What is a concern with using GM plants?
A. Farming with GM plants that are resistant to chemical herbicides may lead to overuse of weed-killing compounds.
B. Farming with GM plants requires less land and energy, which may lead to lower food costs and an economic crisis for farmers.
C. GM plants require more insecticide use, which may increase the chance of chemical residues in the food supply.
D. Scientific studies on GM plants are not available so the effects of GM plants are unknown.
Answers
Answer:
Option A
Farming with GM plants that are resistant to chemical herbicides may lead to overuse of weed-killing compounds.
He looked for living S bacterial cells in each of the three batches that contained living R cells. How did the results of Avery's experiment show that DNA transfers heritable information?
A. The samples with destroyed DNA did not produce living S strain bacteria.
B. Living S cells did not appear in samples that still had intact RNA.
C. In the samples with intact DNA, no S strain bacteria were found.
D. Living S cells appeared only in the samples with destroyed proteins
Answers
Option A. The samples with destroyed DNA did not produce living S strain bacteria is correct answer.
Avery's experiment showed that DNA transfers heritable information because the samples with destroyed DNA did not produce living S strain bacteria. This indicates that the genetic material responsible for the transformation of R cells into S cells was destroyed along with the DNA, and thus the ability to transform R cells was lost.
In contrast, samples with intact DNA were able to transform R cells into S cells, indicating that DNA was responsible for carrying the genetic information needed for this transformation. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
What are the R-cell and S-cell?
R-cell and S-cell are two types of cells in the retina of the eye that are responsible for processing different types of visual information.
R-cells, or "rod cells", are responsible for detecting light and dark, and they are more sensitive to dim light conditions. They are located mostly in the outer areas of the retina and are mainly used for peripheral vision.
S-cells, or "cone cells", are responsible for detecting color and fine detail, and they are most active in bright light conditions. They are located mostly in the central area of the retina, called the fovea, which is responsible for central vision.
Both types of cells work together to provide us with a complete picture of the world around us. R-cells and S-cells are also connected to other neurons in the retina, which in turn send signals to the brain for further processing and interpretation of visual information.
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state the general name for plants that live in and are adapted for dry conditions
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Which describes the amplitude of a wave when it carries more energy?
It is higher.
It is lower.
It is darker.
It is lighter
Answers
Answer:
It is higher
Explanation:
The quantity of energy that a wave is able to transfer is directly related its amplitude exhibiting that the higher the carried energy, the higher its amplitude and on the flip side, the lower the energy the lower the amplitude, therefore, the answer is it is higher.
Answer:
= Higher
Explanation:
The amplitude of a wave when it carries more energy is higher.
If one side of the DNA helix has the bases CAG, the complementary DNA strand would have
Answers
Answer:
RNA i think.
Explanation:
A cladogram is a branching diagram that represents suggested evolutionary relationships among organisms based on the presence of unique traits.
A scientist discovers a new organism that has paired legs and mammary glands. The offspring of this organism develop within the uterus of the female and are connected to the uterine wall by a placenta during fetal stages.
On the cladogram below, select the species to which the newly discovered organism is most closely related.
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On the cladogram below, the species to lamprey the newly discovered organism.
How do you describe a cladogram?A cladogram is a particular kind of diagram that depicts speculative connections between collections of species. A cladogram looks like a tree with branches growing off of a central trunk. The most significant elements of a cladogram are its root, clades, and nodes. The root is the initial ancestor that all groups that split off from it have in common.
What do the nodes in a cladogram represent?In the cladogram, each node represents a hypothetical or fictitious ancestor that gave rise to two or more daughter taxa. There is a node present at each point where a group of organisms further divides into some distinct groups because the node serves as a marker for the point of divergence.
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The complete question is -
Directions: Select the correct location on the diagram.
A cladogram is a branching diagram that represents suggested evolutionary relationships among organisms based on the presence of unique traits.
A scientist discovers a new organism that lacks limbs and does not have a true backbone. The organism lays eggs to produce offspring and has a cartilage-like rod known as a notochord running along its dorsal surface.
On the cladogram below, select the species to which the newly discovered organism is most closely related.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three parts of the Modern Cell Theory?
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Give the type of cell walls/ cells membrane for each organism.
Viruses:
Bacteria:
Protists:
Fungi:
Answers
Hope it helped
Suppose a bacterium has the ability to utilize sucrose (a disaccharide) as a carbohydrate source on an as needed basis when glucose is absent. Assume there is a sucrose operon that contains all of the genes required for sucrose utilization. How would you expect this operon to function
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Due to a page error, I attach the answer in a word file.
25.Adaptation must occur in order for species to survive in
the environment. Which of the following will happen due to
environmental pollution?
O A. Species will be able to survive.
O B. Species will have difficulty surviving.
O C. This environmental change will not affect any species.
O D. The environmental changes will only affect big species.
Answers
how are traits which are not beneficial to a living organism removed from its gene pool
Answers
Answer:
recessive traits is the answer
If you’re going hiking this weekend and you have the option of hiking a mountain (A) that is 1400 meters in height and a mountain (B) that is 650 meters in height, BUT you know that you have limited time because of other plans – which mountain would you choose to hike? Why?
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Answer:
I would choose mountain B cause it's only 650 meters short from mountain A (1400 meters )
Explanation:
short the length less the time we take to cover .
so we will complete our hiking soon. we will get time to do other things .. so it will be best to hike on mountain B
What term that best describes the "mini organs" of the cell? *
A: Cell membranes
B: Nucleus
C: ER
D: Organelles
Answers
Answer:
D organelles
Explanation:
Its the actual name for "mini organs" in a cell.
mini organs is another word for organelles
Describe how water is recycled from the atmosphere back to the root
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
when the water is in the atmoshere clouds will create and when it falls it rains over plants and etc so it goes into the roots of plants.
14. Which words from the passage show the author's bias toward monarch butterflies? A "Eventually, monarchs reach homes as far north as Canada." B "Most monarch butterflies never live more than two months." c "These beautiful creatures are amazing to watch..." D "They beat their wings slowly and glide so they do not tire too easily."
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Answer: C: "These beautiful creatures are amazing to watch."
Explanation: Bias is where an author adds their personal opinion on a topic such as this one on monarch butterflies. Sometimes, authors use bias and it gets away from the facts and the credibility that the topic should bring. In option C, the words "beautiful" and "amazing to watch" steers the reader away from the actual topic with their personal opinions. The other options from the passage include facts about the monarch butterflies and resisting the urge to add comments about how beautiful or interesting they are.
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Can someone help me out with these questions pls
Answers
The correct answer is :
Large surface area for gaseous exchange to take place - c. Millions of alveoli present in each lung.
Diffusion of gases through cell surfaces is facilitated - e. Alveoli and capillaries have a one cell thick wall.
Distance for diffusion is kept short - e. Alveoli and capillaries have a one cell thick wall.
Steep concentration gradient is constantly maintained - d. Each alveolus has a thin film of moisture.
Quick access to the circulatory system - a. Each alveolus is closely surrounded by a network of capillaries.
The lungs contain millions of alveoli, providing a large surface area for gaseous exchange to take place. This large surface area ensures that there is enough space for the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the bloodstream to occur efficiently.
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