How many joules of heat are absorbed when 73 g water are heated from 30*C to 43*C? *

The minimum de Broglie wavelength of the ejected electrons = 0.66 nm

The De Broglie wavelength is a wavelength manifested in all of the objects in quantum mechanics which determines the opportunity density of locating the item at a given point of the configuration area. The de Broglie wavelength of a particle is inversely proportional to its momentum.

Frequency = 2. 41×10^15 Hz

Work function =  6. 53 eV = 6. 53 * 1.6 * 10^-19 = 10.45 * 10^-19

ENERGY = Work function +  MAX KINETIC ENERGY

K max = 6.626 * 10^-34 * 2. 41×10^15 - 10.45 * 10^-19

K max = 15.96 *10^-19 - 10.45 * 10^-19

K max = 5.51 * 10^-19

Now, minimum de Broglie wavelength of ejected electron

       λmin= \(\frac{h}{\sqrt{2mKmax} }\)

               = \(\frac{6.626 * 10^-34}{2 * 9.1 * 10^-31*6.25 *10^-19}\)

             =  0.66 nm  answer

Hence, The minimum de Broglie wavelength of the ejected electrons = 0.66 nm

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Answer:

Difference between concentrated acid and weak acid :---

While,

The energy of one quantum of orange light, given that it has a frequency of 4.8×10¹⁴ s⁻¹ is 3.18×10⁻¹⁹ J

We know that energy and frequency are related according to the following equation:

Energy (E) = Planck's constant (h) × frequency (f)

E = hf

Using the above formula, we can obtain the energy of one quantum of the orange light. Details below:

Energy (E) = Planck's constant (h) × frequency (f)

E = hf

E = 6.626×10⁻³⁴ × 4.8×10¹⁴

E = 3.18×10⁻¹⁹ J

Thus, the energy is 3.18×10⁻¹⁹ J

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Answer:

i should be A i hope this helps

Explanation:

The standard enthalpy of reaction of the given reaction is -865.71 kJ per mole of N₂H₃CH₃.

The standard molar enthalpy of formation of a compound is defined as the enthalpy of formation of 1.0 mol of the pure compound in its stable state from the pure elements in their stable states at P = 1.0 bar at a constant temperature.

Let's consider the following equation.

4 N₂H₃CH₃(l) + 5 N₂O₄(l) → 12 H₂O(g) + 9 N₂(g) + 4 CO(g)

We can calculate the standard enthalpy of the reaction using the following expression.

ΔH° = Σnp × ΔH°f(p) - Σnr × ΔH°f(r)

where,

ΔH° = 12 mol × ΔH°f(H₂O(g)) + 9 mol × ΔH°f(N₂(g)) + 4 mol × ΔH°f(CO(g)) - 4 mol × ΔH°f(N₂H₃CH₃(l)) - 5 mol × ΔH°f(N₂O₄(l))

ΔH° = 12 mol × (-241.81 kJ/mol) + 9 mol × (0 kJ/mol) + 4 mol × (-110.53 kJ/mol) - 4 mol × (54.20 kJ/mol) - 5 mol × (-19.56 kJ/mol)

ΔH° = -3462.84 kJ

In the balanced equation, there are 4 moles of N₂H₃CH₃. The standard enthalpy of reaction per mole of N₂H₃CH₃ is:

-3462.84 kJ / 4 mol = -865.71 kJ/mol

The standard enthalpy of reaction of the given reaction is -865.71 kJ per mole of N₂H₃CH₃.

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The cell’s pressure potential or ψp is 2.44 bars if the cell contains 0.6M glucose at 20°c with its surrounding solution containing 0.5M glucose.

As;

ψoutside = ψcell ( here ψ represents water potential)

Therefore;

ψp outside + ψs outside = ψp cell + ψs cell ( Since, ψ = ψp + ψs)

As ψs = -iCRT, therefore

0 + (-iCRT outside) = ψp cell + (-iCRT cell)

In iCRT, i represents the ionization constant

C represents the Molar concentration

R represents the Pressure constant 0.0831 liter bars/mole at degrees Kelvin

T represents temperature (degree kelvin)

Substituting the values;

(-1)(0.5M)(0.0831)(20 + 273) = ψp - (1)(0.6M)(0.0831)(20 +273)

-12.17 = ψp cell - 14.61

ψp cell = (-12.17) + 14.61

ψp cell = 2.44 bars

Therefore, the cell’s pressure potential (ψp) is calculated to be 2.44 bars if the cell contains 0.6M glucose at 20°c with its surrounding solution containing 0.5M glucose.

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The reagents that can accomplish the desired transformation in two steps are NaH, followed by CH3OH (Option b).

To accomplish the transformation of C6H5CO3H, we need to identify the reagents that can undergo two steps to yield the desired product. Let's analyze each option:

a) C6H5CO3H in CH2Cl2: This reagent is not suitable for the desired transformation.

b) NaH, then CH3OH: This combination of reagents can be used to perform an acid-base reaction followed by an alcoholysis. NaH is a strong base that can deprotonate C6H5CO3H to form the corresponding carboxylate ion. Then, CH3OH can react with the carboxylate ion to give the desired product.

c) OsO4, then NaHSO3/H2O: This reagent combination is used for oxidative cleavage of alkenes and is not applicable to the transformation of C6H5CO3H.

d) CH3ONA in CH3OH: This combination of reagents is not suitable for the desired transformation.

e) H2, Lindlar's catalyst: This reagent combination is used for the hydrogenation of alkynes and is not applicable to the transformation of C6H5CO3H.

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The owls in the certain area located in the picture represent a population, they are formed up as a small group of animals representing a small species.

The level of ecological organization that all owls in a given area represent is the population of owls in a given area.

In ecology, the organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere are among the levels of organization. A population is a collection of creatures from the same species that coexist in one location and communicate with one another.

Researchers in the field of ecology focus on five major levels: organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. These levels are sometimes studied separately and other times they overlap. Let's examine each stage one by one.

The owls in the particular location shown in the image are a population; they are made up of a few individuals representing a single small species.

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Answer:

electrical conduction

Explanation:

Answer:

The elements of groups 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 are called p block elements.examples: boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl),and so on

Explanation:

The chemical equation of the production of ammonia is shown in figure 1 and it shows that the mole ratio for ammonia and nitrogen gas is 2:1.

What is mole ratio?

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The equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) is 259.9 Pa. assume that saturation vapor pressure is same as equilibrium vapor pressure.

Therefore, the RH at the frost point is  

RH = (eow / saturation vapor pressure) × 100

= (259.9 Pa / 259.9 Pa) × 100

= 100%

b) At T = -11 °C, we need to compare the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi) to determine if ice particles will form. From the given table, at T = -11 °C, the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) is 237.7 Pa, and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi) is 165.3 Pa.

The air is supersaturated with respect to ice, and the presence of Kaolinite particles can provide surfaces for water droplets to condense onto, leading to the formation of ice particles.

c) At T = -12 °C, we compare the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi). From the given table, at T = -12 °C, the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) is 217.3 Pa, and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi) is 181.2 Pa.

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A buffer solution is one that can resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

To be a buffer, a solution must contain both a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Among the strong acids listed, none of them are weak acids, so a solution containing an equal number of moles of each of these substances cannot be a buffer.

A buffer solution is one that resists significant changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added. To act as a buffer, the solution should contain a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

Since strong acids (HI, HBr, HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3) do not form buffers, a solution containing equal moles of a weak acid and its conjugate base will act as a buffer.

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Answer:

(NH4)2SO4

Explanation:

2NH3(aq) + H2SO4 (aq) ---> (NH4)2SO4(aq)

Ammonia reacts with sulfuric acid to give the fertilizer ammonium sulfate.

Answer:

Explanation:

Molarity = moles /liters

M= 1/1 = 1M

B) 2moles/0.5 L = 4.0 M

Banded iron formations were abundantly produced during the Archean Eon. The Archean Eon, which lasted from 4.0 to 2.5 billion years ago, is known for its extensive formation of banded iron formations (BIFs).

These sedimentary rocks are composed of alternating layers of iron-rich minerals, such as hematite and magnetite, and silica-rich minerals, such as chert. BIFs are believed to have formed when dissolved iron ions in the ancient ocean combined with oxygen produced by photosynthetic organisms, forming insoluble iron oxides that settled on the seafloor. The abundance of BIFs during the Archean Eon suggests that the Earth's atmosphere was rich in oxygen during this time, likely due to the emergence and proliferation of photosynthetic bacteria.

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The statement which is true about the fuel cell is that It has an electrolyte that acts as a salt bridge.

A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity.

The fuel cell has an electrolyte that acts as a salt bridge.

As electrolytes are nothing but the salts which are present at the inner side of the U-Tube considered as Salt bridge present in fuel cell.

In this way, Fuel cell has electrolyte that acts as a salt bridge.

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Answer:At high pressure and low temperature.

Explanation:

At high pressure voleme of a gas is'nt negligible as compared to the container

And at low temperature, kinetic energy of gas molecules lower, so they come closer to one another and intermolecular forces between them are considerable

The relative reactivity of various chemical species in redox reactions is predicted using conventional reduction potential tables. The conventional reduction potentials for half reactions, which are chemical

A species receives electrons during a reduction reaction, which lowers the oxidation state of the species. This can happen in a number of situations, including the synthesis of covalent bonds, electrochemical processes, and reactions in organic chemistry. Reduction in electrochemistry takes place at the cathode, where the species being reduced receives electrons, allowing it to acquire electrons and become reduced. In redox reactions, the opposing processes of oxidation and reduction frequently happen concurrently. Both industrial and biological activities, including photosynthesis and respiration, depend heavily  reduction. One example is the extraction of metals from their ores

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E(g)E+(g)+e is the designation given to the reaction's energy.

An endothermic reaction is what? Chemical reactions known to as thermally activated reactions take place when the reagents take in thermal energy from their environment and produce byproducts. These reactions produce a cooling effect by bringing the heat of the space around them down.

Respiration, evaporation fluids, ice melting, ice particles, alkane splitting, thermal degradation, ammonium chloride in water, and many other processes are examples of endothermic processes. Endo means "to absorb," and thermo means "heat," as the name suggests.

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The mutated amino acid at position 229 is arginine (Arg), and its substitution can potentially disrupt the 3D structure and alter the function of the protein due to changes in side chain properties and interactions.

Structure of the Amino Acids:

The wild-type amino acid at position 229 is not specified, so the structure cannot be provided.

The mutated amino acid is arginine (Arg), which has a side chain containing a positively charged guanidinium group.

Importance of the Position:

The specific position 229 in the protein sequence may be functionally significant, such as being involved in protein-protein interactions, binding sites, catalytic activity, or structural stability.

Without detailed knowledge of the protein, its function, and its structural context, it is difficult to determine the exact importance of this specific position.

Effects of the Mutation on Structure and Function:

The substitution of an amino acid at position 229 from the original to arginine can have various effects on protein structure and function.

Arginine's larger and positively charged side chain may introduce steric clashes or alter electrostatic interactions within the protein structure.

The mutation can potentially disrupt local or global protein folding, stability, or conformational changes, affecting its overall 3D structure.

The functional consequences of the mutation depend on the specific role of the amino acid at position 229, which can include changes in protein-protein interactions, enzymatic activity, substrate binding, or signal transduction pathways.

It is crucial to analyze the protein's structural context, available experimental data, and computational modeling techniques to gain a more accurate understanding of the specific effects of the mutation on the protein's structure and function in the given context.

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Answer:

1.48×10²⁴ Cu atoms

Explanation:

For this question you need to use Avogadro's number 6.022×10²³atoms.

2.45 moles of Cu ×\(\frac{6.022x10x^{23} atoms }{1 mole}\)= 1.47539×10²⁴ atoms.

The moles cancel out so you are left with atoms.

Since there are 3 significant figures in the question there should be 3 significant figures in your answer, which is 1.48×10²⁴ Cu atoms.

Answer:

The lighting filters use subtractive properties to bring light of a color to the eye because subtractive color mixing uses white light source with a series of filter to eliminate certain wavelengths of light.

Different colour lights (RBG) uses additive properties to bring light of a certain color to our eyes.

Color synthesis is the art of forming different types of colours from small number of primary colours. The color formed is called a secondary color.

Color synthesis is carried out through the following means:

In additive color synthesis, the three primary colours lights that are combined is Red(R), Blue (B) and Green(G).

The wavelength from the various color light combine to generate white light which is visible to the eye.

Therefore, different colour lights (Red, Blue and Green) uses additive properties to bring light of a certain color(white) to our eyes.

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The three hypotheses that explain why being born in the United States

leads to a higher chance of developing allergies include the following:

Allergies are caused by a host of factors such as :

These factors is the reason why the chosen hypotheses are the most

appropriate.

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The lewis structure can be drawn as follows: A Carbon atom (C) is at the heart of the CO3(2-). Lewis structure which is obtained is surrounded by three Oxygen atoms (O) around it.

Between each Oxygen atom present in the molecule and the Carbon atom (C), there is presence of two single bonds and one double bonds. (O). On an oxygen atom which has a double bond, there is presence of two lone pairs. On the atom which has a single bond, there is presence of three lone pairs (O). A polyatomic ion which has the formula CO3 is called a carbonate ion (2-).  A carbon oxoanion is considered to be carbonate. It is a hydrogencarbonate's conjugate base. Negativity and the nature of bonds indicates and explains that the oxygen-carbon bond in the CO3(2-) ion is polar in nature. This is achieved as per the Pauling scale.

The dipole moment along the three bonds which is present in a molecule's trigonal planar form, it completely cancels each other out.

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The products of the reaction of NaBH4 and H2O are primary alcohols.

When NaBH4 is reacted with H2O, the BH4- is reduced to BH2. This then is further reduced to H2. The H2 is then used to reduce the starting compound to the primary alcohol.

1) When NaBH4 is reacted with LAH, the products are secondary alcohols. LAH acts as an additional source of hydride ions which reduces the starting compound to a secondary alcohol.

2) When NaBH4 is reacted with H3O+, the products are tertiary alcohols. The proton (H+) is provided by the H3O+ which is used to reduce the starting compound to a tertiary alcohol.

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Explanation:

Sodium and Lithium both belongs to same group (Group 1).

Group 1 element have 1 valence electron. That's why Group 1 element contains Na• , Li• one electron on it's atom.

Note -

It's not a dot . It's an electron.

The actual, physiological ΔG( Gibbs free energy) for the dephosphorylation of phosphocreatine is -10.3 kJ/mol.

To calculate the actual, physiological ΔG (Gibbs free energy change) for the dephosphorylation of phosphocreatine, we need to use the formula:

ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln(Q)

Where:

ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change (-43.0 kJ/mol)

R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol K)

T is the temperature in Kelvin (assume 37°C or 310.15 K)

Q is the reaction quotient, which represents the ratio of concentrations of products to reactants under physiological conditions.

For simplicity, we can assume Q = 1 under physiological conditions, as concentrations of products and reactants are balanced. This assumption is often made when specific concentrations are not provided. The natural logarithm of 1 is 0, so the equation becomes:

ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln(1)

ΔG = ΔG°

Now, considering that the physiological ΔG is approximately 75% less than the standard ΔG, we calculate:

ΔG = -43.0 kJ/mol * 0.25

ΔG = -10.75 kJ/mol

Rounded to one decimal place, the actual physiological ΔG is -10.3 kJ/mol.

The actual, physiological Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for the dephosphorylation of phosphocreatine is -10.3 kJ/mol.

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The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in litres.
Therefore, the molarity of the H₂CO solution is 13.30 mol/L.

In this case, we have 5.50 L of a 13.3 M H₂CO solution. To find the molarity, we need to calculate the number of moles of H₂CO and divide it by the volume of the solution.

The formula weight of H₂CO is 30.03 g/mol. To convert from molarity to moles, we multiply the molarity by the volume in liters:

13.3 mol/L × 5.50 L = 73.15 mol

So we have 73.15 moles of H₂CO in 5.50 L of solution.

Finally, to find the molarity, we divide the number of moles by the volume of the solution:

73.15 mol ÷ 5.50 L = 13.30 mol/L

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