how does the respiratory epithelium (that lines much of the respiratory tract) act as a barrier against infection?
Answers
The respiratory epithelium acts as a barrier against infection by employing multiple defense mechanisms.
Firstly, the epithelial cells are tightly joined, forming a physical barrier that prevents the entry of pathogens. Additionally, the epithelium produces mucus, which traps inhaled particles and microorganisms, preventing them from reaching deeper tissues. Cilia on the surface of the epithelial cells continuously beat in coordinated waves, propelling the mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract. This mechanism, known as mucociliary clearance, further removes potential pathogens. The epithelial cells also secrete antimicrobial substances like defensins and surfactant proteins that possess antibacterial and antiviral properties, inhibiting the growth and activity of pathogens.
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Related Questions
While operating a vehicle on any highway of this state, it it illegal to physically hold or support a wireless device with any part of the body
Answers
True. While operating a vehicle on any highway of this state, it it illegal to physically hold or support a wireless device with any part of the body
What is driving rules?
These are the basic guides used by US government to control accident or reckless driving on the roads.
Some of the basic driving rules include the following;
Vehicles drive on the right hand side of the road. Pass others on the left hand side of the road. All occupants in a vehicle must wear a seat belt. Right turn is permitted at red traffic lights, but only after stopping, unless signed otherwise.Don't support a wireless device with any part of the bodyThus, the statement is true.
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interpreting cladograms which organisms evolved from the common ancestor pakicetus? bats and humans tigers and deer whales and hippos belugas and squids
Answers
A cladogram is a diagram that depicts evolutionary connections between various organisms by showing how they diverged from their common ancestor over time. In this context, interpreting cladograms can help determine which organisms evolved from a common ancestor like Pakicetus. The answer to the question, which organisms evolved from the common ancestor Pakicetus, is whales and hippos.The question asks which organisms evolved from the common ancestor Pakicetus.
Cladograms generally indicate how different groups of organisms are related, based on the similarities and differences between them. Pakicetus is an ancestor of cetaceans, which includes whales and dolphins. Based on the evolutionary relationships shown on a cladogram, we can see that the hippos are the closest living relatives of cetaceans. Therefore, we can infer that whales and hippos evolved from the common ancestor Pakicetus. Hence, the correct answer to the question is "whales and hippos."
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the heel of the foot is on the _______ side of the body.
Answers
The heel of the foot is on the posterior side of the body.
The term "posterior" refers to the back or rear aspect of an object, structure, or organism. In this context, it describes the location of the heel in relation to the overall orientation of the human body.
When standing in the anatomical position (facing forward with arms at the sides and palms facing forward), the posterior side is the backside of the body. The heel is situated behind the rest of the foot, which places it on the posterior side of the body. This positioning plays a crucial role in our ability to walk, run, and maintain balance.
In contrast, the anterior side of the body refers to the front portion, including the toes and the sole of the foot. The combination of anterior and posterior aspects of the foot allows for efficient movement and force distribution while walking, ensuring stability and preventing injury.
In summary, the heel is on the posterior side of the body, which plays an essential role in locomotion and balance.
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If you have collector agents, either using the DC agent mode or the collector agent-based polling mode, what SSO setting should you select on FortiGate
Answers
When using collector agents on FortiGate for authentication and Single Sign-On (SSO) purposes, you should select the "Collector Agent Mode" SSO setting. This mode allows the FortiGate device to communicate with the collector agents to gather authentication information and perform SSO operations.
In the "Collector Agent Mode" setting, the FortiGate acts as a client to the collector agents, sending authentication requests and receiving authentication responses. The collector agents, in turn, communicate with the relevant authentication servers, such as Active Directory or RADIUS servers, to validate user credentials and provide authentication status to the FortiGate.
By selecting the "Collector Agent Mode" SSO setting, you enable the FortiGate to leverage the capabilities of the collector agents and efficiently manage user authentication and SSO functionality within your network infrastructure.
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culture of staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive coccus, is about 48 hours old. what color would these cells likely appear under the microscope after gram staining? multiple choice 6 purple red/pink colorless
Answers
Gram-positive cells show up purple when the staining procedure is finished, while gram-negative cells show up pink. Crystal violet is used as the main stain in the gram stain.
Which color might you anticipate following a Gram stain?A Gram stain has a purple color. When the dye and bacteria interact, the bacteria in a sample either remain purple or transform to pink or red. If the bacteria remain purple, they are Gram-positive. If the bacteria become pink or crimson, they are Gram-negative.
After staining, what color are gram-positive cells?Peptidoglycan, which is found in gram-positive bacteria's cell walls in thick layers, is a component of the cell walls of many bacteria. In gram-positive bacteria, the peptidoglycan makes up around 90% of the cell wall. They emerge as a result of this.
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What type of solution is this cell in?
Answers
Answer: hypotonic solution
Explanation: Plant cells have a cell wall around the outside than stops them from bursting, so a plant cell will swell up in a hypotonic solution, but will not burst.
in eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the____ and translation occurs in the___
Answers
Answer:
nucleus, cytoplasm
Explanation:
the euraryotic nucleus therefore provides a distinct compartment within the cell, allowing transcription and splicing to proceed to the beginning of translation,. thus in eukaryotes,while transcription occurs in the nucleus, translation occurs in the cytoplasm
Explain how chromosomes structure and function in the production on sex cells allows for variation.
Answers
Chromosomes structure and function in the production on sex cells allows for variation in the sense that there will be recombination as well as assortment in meiosis occur, whereby 1 gamete from each parentcome together.
How is genetic variation produced in sex cells?sIt sahould be noted that whem there is fertilisation, 1 gamete from each parent will come together so they can become zygote.
Therefore, due to the recombination as well as the independent assortment in meiosis, each gamete posses set of DNA and this will result to unique combination of genes and as a result of this zygote is formed.
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You are studying a population of Dlugosch’s Small Octopus that has been suffering from a skin disease. In your work, you find that some individuals have more resistance (immunity) to the disease than others. You remember learning about life history trade-offs in your Ecology class, and you hypothesize that immunity trades off with investments in other major life history traits in the octopuses. You decide to design a study to test whether higher immunity leads to a lower number of eggs produced by females.
9. State a prediction for what the results of your study would look like if they support the hypothesis given in the Mission.
Make a figure of results that would be consistent with that prediction:
Label y axis with the variable that should be on the
Label x axis with the variable that should be on the
Draw results bars or lines consistent with your prediction
If the infection reduces the population size of the octopus, would you predict an r or a K strategy would be more likely to evolve (based on what we discussed in class)? Explain why that life history strategy would be favored in a small population, and give at least two traits associated with the strategy that you predict.
Answers
If higher immunity leads to a lower number of eggs produced by females in Dlugosch's Small Octopus, then there will be a negative correlation between immunity level and egg production.
A K approach would be more likely to develop if the illness causes the octopus population to decline. Resources are few in a tiny community, therefore long-term stability and survival are prioritized over rapid population expansion. The K approach emphasizes having fewer kids while allocating more resources to ensuring their survival and welfare. In a small population, the following two characteristics connected to a K strategy might be more prevalent:
Increased parental care: Parents invest more time and resources in raising a smaller number of offspring to increase their chances of survival and reproductive success.
Delayed maturation: Individuals take longer to reach reproductive maturity, allowing them to invest more time in growth, development, and building up resources before reproduction.
These traits help ensure the survival and success of the limited number of offspring in a small population, aligning with the K-selected life history strategy.
In this figure, the y-axis represents the number of eggs produced by females, and the x-axis represents the immunity level of the octopuses. The bars or lines would show a decreasing trend as the immunity level increases, indicating a negative relationship between immunity and egg production.
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People came from monkeys explain why this is wrong
Its wrong but can u explain it
Answers
i...
ask your parents....
plz...
not infront of many peoole on brainly..
The largest vacuoles, which can occupy most of the cell volume, are found in which type of cell?
Answers
Answer:
They can be found in the plant cell.
Explanation:
Most plants cells have a single vacuole. If they have more than one, only one vacuole is found large,l and it is called the central vacuole.
What prevents liquids from mixing with water
Answers
Explanation:
hydrogen bonds makes liquids not mix in with water
Which one of the following is the correct option: Marie Curie, Henry Becquerel, Wilhelm Rontgen? The scientist who came up with the term radioactivity was
Answers
Answer:
I would say Marie Curie
Explanation:
Based on the phrasing of the question, "came up with the term" I believe it's correct. Henri Becquerel was the person who discovered the phenomonon of radioactivity and Marie Curie was the person who came up with the name.
During asexual reproduction in bacteria, a single bacteria splits into two. The genetic material of the new bacteria is probably-
Answers
The genetic material of the new bacteria that was formed as a result of asexual reproduction is probably the same.
What is asexual reproduction?Asexual reproduction is the form of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes, hence, it requires only one parent cell.
Bacteria are single celled organisms that reproduce asexually by binary fission. In the process of binary fission, a bacterium splits to form two daughter cells.
However, the genetic constituents of the two bacteria cell are similar.
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Which abiotic factors would you expect to influence the growth of trees in the mountains?
Number of deer and insects
Types of trees and plants
Rainfall and the location on the mountain
Predator and prey population
Answers
Answer:
The third option
Explanation:
Rainfall is a very important part in plant growth. The location of mountains is important because that's where the tree is gonna grow
can anyone help me plz
Below is a photo of algae, microorganisms that live in water.
What is the role of these organisms in their environment?
A. They produce food that other organisms eat.
B. They return nitrogen gas to the atmosphere.
C. They break down the wastes of other organisms.
D. They cause diseases in many kinds of animals,
Answers
They produce the food web for all aquatic organisms. So, I would go with A, but I am bot sure.
Good luck!
Unlike DNA, RNA contains
adenine
uracil
phosphate groups
thymine
(which one?)
Answers
Answer:
RNA contains Uracil
Explanation:
DNA's four bases are: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.
RNA replaces the Thymine with Uracil, making it the correct choice.
If I helped, a brainliest answer would be greatly appreciated!
Consists of one sugar, one base and 2 phosphates what is it
Answers
Answer:
Sugar phosphate backbone of DNA
Explanation:
Use your periodic table of elements. Take any element from the first column, except for hydrogen and lithium, and answer the following questions:
What is the element's name and symbol?
Is it a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
Which family does it belong to?
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does its neutral atom have?
This is science
Answers
Explanation:
Potassium (K)
Metal.
19 Protons, 20 Neutrons, 19 electrons
Alkali Metals
Sodium is an element in the periodic table which is a metal as it has a net positive charge. The valency of this element is +1. It can donate an electron to achieve the octet and hence stability.
What are chemical elements?
Chemical elements are the substances which cannot be decomposed into further simpler substances by any ordinary chemical process. These are presented in the periodic table on the basis of their atomic number.
Sodium is an element which belongs to the alkali metals family. Sodium element can be denoted by the symbol Na. The element is a metal as it has a net positive charge. It can donate one electron from its valency shell to achieve the octet which gives it stability. Therefore, the valency of the element is 1. The element has 11 protons, 11 neutrons and 11 electrons.
This can be represented as: ¹¹Na₂₂
where, Na is the symbol of sodium
11 is the atomic number = number of protons in the element
22 is the atomic mass = number of protons+ number of neutrons in the element.
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will somone pleas answer this
Answers
Answer:
Main idea
Explanation:
Are carbon compounds and organic compounds the same
Answers
if you climbed up a hill,which of these statements would be true
Answers
Answer:
A. your weight would increase because you're farther away from Earth's center
Explanation:
honestly I'm guessing
let me know if this helps
dahlia's receptors for tasting will respond to a savory sandwich with changes in membrane permeability and with changes in the electrical charge across the membrane. this electrical change is called , and it is the essence of the process called .
Answers
Dahlia's receptors for tasting will respond to a savory sandwich with changes in membrane permeability and with changes in the electrical charge across the membrane. This electrical change is called an action potential, and it is the essence of the process called neural transmission.
Action potential and neural transmission. An action potential is defined as a brief, self-propagating electrical change that takes place in the membrane of excitable cells such as neurons, muscle cells, and some glandular cells.
It is a transient, all-or-nothing shift in membrane potential that signals the beginning of a nerve impulse. The essence of the process of neural transmission is a process called the synaptic process.
The synaptic process involves the action potential entering the axon's terminal end, the release of neurotransmitters, and the neurotransmitter interacting with the postsynaptic receptors.
This electrical change in the receptor's electrical charge opens the ion channels, allowing ions such as sodium and calcium to enter the cell, which contributes to the depolarization of the cell membrane. As a result, the post-synaptic neuron's electrical charge becomes more positive.
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write the complementary sequence to the following DNA strand
3’-AATTCGCGGTATTAGACGTT-5’
Answers
The complementary sequence of the given DNA strand would be 5’-TTAAGCGCCATAATCTGCAA-3’
Complementary sequence of DNAThe complementary DNA strand is created by pairing each nucleotide on the original strand with its complementary base. In DNA, the complementary bases are adenine (A) with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) with guanine (G).
So, to find the complementary sequence to the given DNA strand:
Original strand: 3’-AATTCGCGGTATTAGACGTT-5’Complementary strand: 5’-TTAAGCGCCATAATCTGCAA-3’The complementary strand has the same sequence of nucleotides as the original strand, but with each base pair flipped. This is because DNA strands are antiparallel, meaning that they run in opposite directions.
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We are able to infer the greatest extent of glaciations from the location of
Question 54 options:
drumlins
cirques
terminal moraines
lakes
Answers
When inferring the greatest extent of glaciations, terminal moraines are the most reliable indicators to consider.
The greatest extent of glaciations can be inferred from the location of terminal moraines. Terminal moraines are large ridges of debris and sediment that mark the furthest advancement of a glacier before it starts to recede. These moraines are formed when the glacier deposits material at its leading edge.
By studying the distribution and characteristics of terminal moraines, scientists can determine the farthest extent to which glaciers advanced during past glaciations. The terminal moraines provide important evidence of the maximum reach of the ice sheet or glacier, helping to reconstruct the extent and dynamics of glaciations in a particular region.
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PLEASE HELP (will give brainliest):
A sample of food is dehydrated, which kills all of the bacteria. However, in a few days, bacteria-free water is added to the food in a bacteria-free environment. Nevertheless, microscopic investigations indicate that bacteria are in the food. How did the bacteria get there?
Answers
Answer:
Because the cells in the dehydrated fruit become re-hydrated with the water which then gives the cells in both the water and the fruit the tools that it needs to "come alive" if you will. And the cells become active in the fruit and use the water to grow bacteria.
Explanation:
Which class of mollusks contain octopi and squids?
Anthozoa
Gastropoda
Cephalopoda
Answers
Answer:
Cephalopods
Explanation:
Cephalopods are a group of molluscs that include the pearly chambered Nautilus, squids, and the octopus. They can be divided into three categories: the Nautiloidea (chambered Nautilus), the Ammonoidea (the extinct ammonites), and the Dibranchiata (squids, the extinct belemnites, and octopuses).
Answer:
Cephalopoda
Explanation:
Squids, octopuses, nautiluses, and cuttlefish are part of the class Cephalopoda.
Skin color shows a gradation of colors. Is this is a qualitative or quantitative trait? Why?
What pattern of inheritance do we see in skin color?
Answers
Give examples of microeconomics
Answers
Answer:
Unemployment, interest rates, inflation, GDP, all fall into Macroeconomics. Consumer equilibrium, individual income and savings are examples of microeconomics.
Explanation:
Will mark brainilest if correct
Answers
Answer:
Solar Power
Explanation:
It can be used over and over again because it comes from the sun.
Hope this Helps
Answer:
A. Solar power
Explanation:
Types of nonrenewable energy include coal, natural gas, oil, and petroleum (diesel fuel, propane, gasoline). These types of nonrenewable energy are considered fossil fuels, meaning that they were formed from the remains of animals and plants that lived millions of years ago.
The sun is a source of renewable energy. This energy source naturally renews, or replenishes itself.
hope this helps!