Human DNA and tomato DNA share some similarities and differences. Both are composed of nucleotide building blocks (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine) and are organized into chromosomes. However, there are significant differences in the number of chromosomes, genome size, and gene content between the two species.
Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in their genome, while tomatoes have 24 chromosomes (12 pairs). Human genome is larger, with about 3 billion base pairs, compared to the tomato genome, which has around 950 million base pairs. Despite the size difference, tomatoes have more genes (approximately 35,000) than humans (about 20,000-25,000).
The overall sequence similarity between human and tomato DNA is relatively low, estimated to be around 50% for conserved genes. However, some individual genes may show higher similarity, particularly those with conserved functions across many organisms, such as genes involved in cellular processes, metabolism, and regulation.
Human and tomato DNA share common features, such as nucleotide composition and organization into chromosomes. However, differences exist in the number of chromosomes, genome size, gene content, and overall sequence similarity. These differences highlight the evolutionary divergence between humans and plants and help scientists understand the unique characteristics and biological processes of each species.
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GIVING 100 POINTS AND BRAINLIEST FOR BEST ANSWER!!!!
NEED AN ANSWER AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
Which organism is most reliant on other organisms, natural processes, or both for reproduction? Explain your answer.
Answer:
The organism most reliant on other organisms for reproduction is a parasite. Parasites rely on other organisms, such as their host, for reproduction as they lack the necessary reproductive organs. They must rely on the reproductive organs of their hosts in order to reproduce. Additionally, parasites may rely on natural processes such as environmental conditions in order to reproduce.
Answer:
sexual reproducers
Explanation:
season, and where other organisms are
What is one way scientists know that Maiacetus lived in the ocean?
Answer The species is known from three individuals, all of which were found in the Habib Rahi Rock Formation of Pakistan
Maiacetus is significant because of how well the skeletons were preserved. Over 90% of the bones from the male were found intact, which is almost unheard of for a specimen this old!
Their skeletons have all been found among fossils of sea-creatures which suggests they lived in the sea.
The fore-snout is starting to elongate. An elongated fore-snout is found in all modern whales and all transitional whales after Maiacetus.
A que se denomina metaboismo? Diferenca anabolismo de catabolimo da 4 ejemplos diferencia reaccion endegonica de exergonica
Answer and Explanation:
Metabolismo: El término hace referencia a todos los cambios y las reacciones quimicas y biológicas que ocurren en cada célula del organismo y que resultas escenciales para el funcionamiento adecuado del organismo (una buena nutrición, crecimiento, reparación celular, conversion energética, etc.).
Estas reacciones ocurren a lo largo de toda la vida del organismo. Cada celula toma sustancias que luego modifica químicamente para integrarlas como nuevos componentes celulares. Algunos de estos componentes son utilizados en reacciones como la respiración celular.
El metabolismo puede ser dividido en anabolismo y en catabolismo. Durante el anabolismo suceden reacciones que consumen energía (ATP) para sintetizar moléculas complejas a partir de moléculas simples, y que son necesarias para el funcionamiento del organismo. Mientras que durante el catabolismo suceden reacciones que liberan energía al deegradar o reducir moléculas grandes en otras mas simples, para que el cuerpo pueda asimilarlas y las transforme en energia (ATP). Esta energía luego será utilizada en los procesos anabólicos.
Ejemplos:
- Respiración celular: Degradación de molécula del glucosa para liberar y obtener energía y consecuentemente, moleculas mas simples (CATABOLISMO)
- Ciclo de Krebs: Oxidación de la molécula acetil-CoA y obtención de energía en forma de ATP (CATABOLISMO).
- Digestión: Degradación del alimento para obtener elementos mas asimilables por la célula y energía (CATABOLISMO).
- Degradación de ADN y ARN (CATABOLISMO).
- Fotosíntesis: Transformación de compuestos inorgánicos en orgánicos utilizando energía solar (ANABOLISMO).
- Síntesis proteica: Utiliza aminoácidos y energía para formar proteinas necesarias para el organismo (ANABOLISMO).
- Ciclo de Calvin: Usa moléculas de CO2 para formar glucosa (ANABOLISMO).
- Gluconeogénesis: Síntesis de glucosa a partir de precursores diferentes a los glúcidos (ANABOLISMO).
Reacción excergónica: reacción espontánea que se lleva a cabo y donde se produce la liberación de energía. No necesita energía para suceder.Reacción endergónica: reacción no espontánea. Necesita energía para suceder. Ocurren reacciones celulares a partir del consumo de energía.mehrotra ml, petersen ml, geng eh. understanding hiv program effects: a structural approach to context using the transportability framework. j acquir immune defic syndr. 2019;82 suppl 3:s199- s205.
The article you mentioned, "Understanding HIV program effects:
A structural approach to context using the transportability framework" by Mehrotra ML, Petersen ML, Geng EH, was published in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes in 2019.
It discusses the use of the transportability framework to understand the effects of HIV programs.
The transportability framework helps to analyze the transferability of program effects across different contexts. The article explores the structural approach to understanding the context and its impact on HIV program effects.
It is important for policymakers and researchers to consider the transportability of HIV programs to ensure their effectiveness in diverse settings.
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our sequence is 5' - cttataaagccgtacaaaatctttctagcgcaaaa - 3'. for simplicity sake, only consider the 5' to 3' direction. consider the underlined c. would a change to a g result in a change in gene expression?
No, a change to a G would not result in a change in gene expression as the underlined C is a non-coding nucleotide and does not have any effect on gene expression.
Non-coding DNA corresponds to the portion of an organism's genome that does not code for amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Some noncoding DNA sequences are known to play functional roles such as regulation of gene expression, whereas other regions of noncoding DNA have no known function. Other regions of non-coding DNA are important for protein assembly. By altering one of these regions, a variant (also known as a mutation) in the noncoding DNA can turn on the gene, causing the protein to be produced in the wrong place or at the wrong time. There are two types of SNPs in the coding region.Synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs. Synonymous SNPs do not affect the protein sequence, whereas non-synonymous SNPs change the amino acid sequence of the protein.
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Jill is preparing to cook a family dinner, and she begins by gathering ingredients for the
main course and dessert. She realizes that most ingredients go through both physical
and chemical changes as they cook.
One of the ingredients for her main course undergoes physical changes. Which of the
following is a physical change?
boiling water
cooking eggs
O grilling hamburgers
O baking bread
Answer:
Boiling water
Explanation:
Boiling water is an example of physical change as it does not cause any change in the chemical composition of water.
What are physical changes?Physical changes are defined as changes which affect only the form of a substance but not it's chemical composition. They are used to separate mixtures in to chemical components but cannot be used to separate compounds to simpler compounds.
Physical changes are always reversible using physical means and involve a change in the physical properties.Examples of physical changes include melting,boiling , change in texture, size,color,volume and density.Magnetism, crystallization, formation of alloys are all reversible and hence physical changes.
They involve only rearrangement of atoms and are often characterized to be changes which are reversible.
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Cancer is the uninhibited growth of cells. Which of the following would be most likely to
cancer?
Carcinomas that begin in different epithelial cell types have specific names: Adenocarcinoma is a cancer that forms in epithelial cells that produce fluids or mucus. Tissues with this type of epithelial cell are sometimes called glandular tissues. Most cancers of the breast, colon, and prostate are adenocarcinomas.
The heart gets its own blood supply through the______ circulation
PLS HELP ME
Answer:
tricuspid valve.
Explanation:
HIV Treatment by Genetic Mutation risks
HIV can be treated via gene therapy by inducing mutations that restore the normal genome sequence.
What is gene therapy?Gene therapy is a revolutionary technique used in molecular biology to restore the expression of defective genes that suffered mutations.
Gene therapy involves modifying the nucleotide (DNA) sequence in order to correct the production of defective proteins associated with disease states.
Moreover, mutations due to HIV are a consequence of the insertion of this retrovirus in the host genome.
In conclusion, gene therapy is able to treat HIV by inserting gene regions that restore the normal nucleotide sequence.
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which part of a dna molecule is responsible for the direct coding
The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule,is a part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an organism.
A polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to create a double helix is called deoxyribonucleic acid. All known organisms and many viruses have genetic information in the polymer that is necessary for their development, operation, growth, and reproduction. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Nucleic acids are one of the four main categories of macromolecules that are necessary for all known forms of life, along with proteins, lipids, and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides). Nucleotides are organic compounds made up of a phosphate and a nucleoside. They function as monomeric units of the key macromolecules found in all living forms on Earth, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which are both nucleic acid polymers.
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complete question:Which part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an organism?
a. The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together.
b. The number of carbons in the DNA molecule.
c. The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.
d. The sequences of phosphates along each DNA strand.
Which of the following statements best reflects the scientific understanding of a zygote?
Answer: The options are not given, here are the options.
A. A zygote is an unfertilized egg
B. A zygote is made up of one cell
c.A zygote is the fusion of two gametes
d.A zygote is where gametes are formed
The correct option is C.
zygote is the fusion of two gametes
Explanation:
A zygote is the fusion of to gamete because it is formed from the union of sperm cell and ovum or egg when the sperm and ovum fuse together after fertilization.
A zygote is start as a single cell but it eventually divides after undergoing fertilization after some days into smaller cells.
Therefore, after two weeks that the zygote divides, it become an embryo.
Jake and nancy are both carriers of cystic fibrosis. there is a ___ chance that each child they have will have cystic fibrosis.
Jake and nancy are both carriers of cystic fibrosis. there is a 25% chance that each child they have will have cystic fibrosis.
What is cystic fibrosis?A protein in the body is affected by the hereditary disease known as cystic fibrosis (CF). A defective protein that affects the body's cells, tissues, and glands that produce mucus and sweat is present in people with cystic fibrosis.
Normal mucus is slick and serves to protect the tissues and linings of the digestive system, airways, and other organs. Cystic fibrosis patients produce thick, gooey mucus that can accumulate and cause obstructions, harm, or infections in the afflicted organs. Damage from inflammation also affects organs including the pancreas and lungs.
While some cystic fibrosis sufferers show little to no symptoms, others deal with severe symptoms or even fatal consequences.
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A standardized taxonomic system is valuable because it helps biologists agree on methods to
A
separate organisms
B
consume organisms
C.
interbreed organisms
D.
preserve organisms answer ASAP plz ;-;
Answer:
A. separate organisms
Explanation:
Sana makatulong
How long humans could survive in space without a spacesuit
Humans cannot survive in space without a spacesuit or some form of life support system. The space environment is extremely hostile to human life for several reasons:
1. Lack of oxygen: Space is a vacuum, meaning there is no air or atmospheric pressure. Without a spacesuit, there would be no supply of oxygen for breathing, leading to rapid asphyxiation.
2. Extreme temperatures: Space is subject to extreme temperatures. In direct sunlight, temperatures can reach hundreds of degrees Celsius, while in shadowed areas, temperatures can plummet to hundreds of degrees below freezing. Without proper thermal regulation, a person would quickly succumb to either extreme heat or cold.
3. Lack of pressure: Space lacks atmospheric pressure. Exposure to the vacuum of space would cause the fluids in the human body, such as saliva, tears, and even blood, to boil and evaporate. This would lead to severe tissue damage and potentially fatal physiological effects.
4. Radiation exposure: Space is filled with high levels of radiation, including cosmic rays and solar radiation. Without the protection of a spacesuit or shielding, astronauts would be exposed to harmful doses of radiation, which can damage DNA, cause radiation sickness, and increase the risk of cancer.
Due to these factors, humans cannot survive for more than a few moments in the vacuum of space without a spacesuit or suitable life support systems. Spacesuits provide a pressurized environment, oxygen supply, temperature control, and protection from radiation, allowing astronauts to safely venture into the inhospitable conditions of space.
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suppose there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders. what is most likely about this lineage?
If there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders, it is most likely that this newly discovered lineage shares a common ancestor with the lineage containing lizards and salamanders.
The term "lineage" refers to a series of organisms, populations, cells, or genes that are derived from a single ancestor. The term "sister lineage" refers to two or more lineages that share a common ancestor but diverged from each other. Thus, if there is a newly discovered lineage that is a sister lineage to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders, it means that this newly discovered lineage is closely related to the lineage containing lizards and salamanders and shares a common ancestor with it. The statement "shares a common ancestor" means that this newly discovered lineage diverged from the lineage containing lizards and salamanders at some point in the past but they share a common ancestor from which they both descended. Therefore, it is most likely that this newly discovered lineage also has some traits or characteristics in common with the lineage containing lizards and salamanders due to their shared ancestry.
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Which scenario describes a relationship of commensalism?
O A polar bear catches a seal for dinner.
Oxpecker birds eat parasitic ticks off the backs of zebras.
O Atapeworm latches itself in the intestines of a rat, feeding off all the nutrients eaten by the rat.
O Birds feed off the insects that are stirred up from the grasses as cattle move through.
Answer:
A tapeworm latches itself in the intestines of a rat, feeding off all the nutrients eaten by the rat.
Explanation:
Answer:
It's D or the last option
I took the test and got a 100%
NEED HELP!
What are some parts of fresh water ecosystems?
Answer:
Freshwater ecosystems are a subset of Earth's aquatic ecosystems. They include lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, springs, bogs, and wetlands. They can be contrasted with marine ecosystems, which have a larger salt content.
I will mark brainliest: Why is important to reduce methane gas in the atmosphere?
the fastest opportunity we have to immediately slow the rate of global warming
Answer:
It slows global warming
Explanation: I took the test.
What re the main postulates of the cell theory
Answer:
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Explanation:
why do you think there is so much life on our planet ?
Answer:
Earth's atmosphere and surrounding supports life.
Explanation:
The oxygen, nitrogen and carbon that's abundant on Earth promotes life.
Eva investigates the number of daisy plants growing on the school playing field.
She uses a quadrat to count the number of daisy plants growing in different areas of the
field.
The table shows her results.
quadrat
1
2
3
4
number of daisy
plants
8
2
7
Each quadrat has an area of 0.25 m².
The school playing field has an area of 15000 m².
Estimate the population of daisy plants growing on the school field.
Eva investigates the number of daisy plants growing on the school playing field and uses a quadrat to count the number of daisy plants growing in different areas and the total number of plants in the field is 330,000.
What is the population density?
The population density explains the total number of individuals present in a given area, as the density of the population of an area may increase or decrease based upon the availability of foods and the climatic conditions.
Hence, Eva investigates the number of daisy plants growing on the school playing field and uses a quadrat to count the number of daisy plants growing in different areas and the total number of plants in the field is 330,000.
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The question is incomplete, the complete question is the below
Eva investigates the number of daisy plants growing on the school playing field.
She uses a quadrat to count the number of daisy plants growing in different areas of the
field.
The table shows her results.
quadrat
1
2
3
4
number of daisy
plants
8
2
7
5
Each quadrat has an area of 0.25 m².
The school playing field has an area of 15000 m².
Estimate the population of daisy plants growing on the school field.
a)682
b)82500
c)330000
d)1320000
Question 19 1 pts Which of the following factors act to increase stroke volume in a healthy heart? ✔ An increase in heart rate. Artial systole The Frank-Starling Law The length-tension relationship Summation in the cardiac muscles
The Frank-Starling Law and atrial systole increase stroke volume in a healthy heart.
To answer this question, let's consider each factor and its effect on stroke volume:
An increase in heart rate: An increase in heart rate alone does not directly increase stroke volume. However, it can indirectly affect stroke volume by altering the time available for ventricular filling.
Atrial systole: Atrial systole refers to the contraction of the atria. This contraction helps to push additional blood into the ventricles, increasing the volume available for ejection during systole and therefore increasing stroke volume.
The Frank-Starling Law: The Frank-Starling Law states that the force of contraction of the ventricles is directly proportional to the initial length of the muscle fibers. When the ventricles are filled with a larger volume of blood during diastole, they stretch, resulting in a more forceful contraction during systole and an increased stroke volume.
The length-tension relationship: The length-tension relationship refers to the optimal length at which the cardiac muscle fibers generate the maximum force of contraction. When the ventricles are filled with an appropriate volume, the cardiac muscle fibers are optimally stretched, leading to a stronger contraction and an increased stroke volume.
Summation in the cardiac muscles: Summation refers to the phenomenon where subsequent contractions occur before the previous contraction has completely relaxed. This leads to a greater force of contraction in each subsequent beat and can increase stroke volume.
Therefore, the factors that act to increase stroke volume in a healthy heart include atrial systole, the Frank-Starling Law, the length-tension relationship, and summation in the cardiac muscles. An increase in heart rate alone does not directly affect stroke volume.
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which best describes bacterium?
Answer:
Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are classified as prokaryotes, which are single-celled organisms with a simple internal structure that lacks a nucleus, and contains DNA that either floats freely in a twisted, thread-like mass called the nucleoid, or in separate, circular pieces called plasmids. Hope this helps :))
Explanation:
Answer:
Bacteria are classified as prokaryotes, which are single-celled organisms with a simple internal structure that lacks a nucleus, and contains DNA that either floats freely in a twisted, thread-like mass called the nucleoid, or in separate, circular pieces called plasmids.
Explanation:
_______ is the amount of fluid required to bring the animal back to normal hydration status.
The amount of fluid required to bring the animal back to normal hydration status is called fluid deficit.
Fluid deficit refers to the amount of fluid that needs to be administered to an animal to restore its normal hydration status.
It represents the difference between the actual fluid content in the body and the desired fluid content necessary for optimal hydration.
Fluid deficit can occur in various situations such as dehydration, excessive fluid loss due to vomiting or diarrhea, or insufficient fluid intake.
It is important to assess and calculate the fluid deficit accurately to provide appropriate fluid therapy and restore the animal's hydration balance.
Determining the fluid deficit involves considering factors such as the animal's weight, degree of dehydration, ongoing fluid losses, and underlying medical conditions.
This calculation helps healthcare professionals, such as veterinarians or healthcare providers, determine the appropriate volume and rate of fluid administration to effectively rehydrate the animal.
By addressing the fluid deficit and providing adequate fluid replacement, normal hydration status can be restored, supporting proper physiological function and overall well-being of the animal.
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Describe another example of energy changing form that does not include electrical energy
If you were Henrietta's great-grandchild, and you could go back in time, what would you tell her?
Answer:
Explanation:
What would YOU tell her simple question ask her anything at all like how was life or the family or how she understood life er somthing.
5. Our nervous system and our skeletomuscular system help us react to stimuli. Give one example on how this helps us maintain homeostasis.
Answer
The nervous and skeletomuscular systems help maintain homostasis by regulating respiration.
Explanation:
The brain stem, consisting of the pons and medulla, represent the main respiratory center. According to Wikipedia, "an increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood, or a decreased level of oxygen, will result in a deeper breathing pattern and increased respiratory rate to bring the blood gases back to equilibrium."
This is an example of a homostastic response controlled by both of the organ systems referenced above.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis
Question 34
The relationship between the photosynthetic rate of green plants and the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere may aptly be termed:
a. carbon dioxide fertilization b. plant/atmosphere ratio
c. oxygen deprivation ratio
d. photosynthetic ratio
Carbon dioxide fertilization is the term used to describe the relationship between the photosynthetic rate of green plants and the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere, option (a) is correct.
As the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, it can enhance the rate of photosynthesis in plants, leading to increased growth and productivity. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as "carbon dioxide fertilization" or "CO2 fertilization."
However, it is important to note that the benefits of increased carbon dioxide levels are not universal across all plant species, as some plants are more efficient at utilizing carbon dioxide than others. Additionally, the effects of increased carbon dioxide on the environment and climate are complex and can have both positive and negative consequences, option (a) is correct.
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The complete question is:
The relationship between the photosynthetic rate of green plants and the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere may be termed:
a. carbon dioxide fertilization
b. plant/atmosphere ratio
c. oxygen deprivation ratio
d. photosynthetic ratio
What would happen to the food web if a disease caused the populations of voles and shrews to die off?
The loss of voles and shrews due to a disease outbreak would likely have far-reaching and potentially cascading impacts on the local food web and ecosystem.
What is a food web?
A food web is a diagram that shows how different species of plants and animals in an ecosystem are connected through the flow of energy and nutrients. It illustrates the many different ways in which species depend on each other for survival.
If a disease caused the populations of voles and shrews to die off, it would likely have a significant impact on the local food web. Voles and shrews are important herbivores in many ecosystems, and they are often a food source for larger predators such as owls, foxes, and snakes. If the populations of these small mammals were to decline or disappear, it could lead to a chain reaction in the food web, affecting the populations of the animals that rely on them for food.
It is also worth noting that the disappearance of voles and shrews could have indirect effects on other species in the ecosystem. For example, if these small mammals play a role in seed dispersal or in maintaining the structure of the vegetation in an area, their disappearance could lead to changes in the habitat that could affect other species.
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Most skeletal muscles contain ________
Most skeletal muscles contain connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.
What is skeletal muscle?Skeletal muscle can be defined as the type of muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeletal system which helps in body movement.
These skeletal muscles are made up of the following:
connective tissue, connective tissue, blood vessels, and connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.Therefore, these contents of the muscle helps in the contraction and relaxation of the muscle fibres.
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