Answer: In scientific reasoning, a hypothesis is an assumption made before any research has been completed for the sake of testing. A theory on the other hand is a principle set to explain phenomena already supported by data. ... In scientific reasoning, a hypothesis is constructed before any applicable research has been done.
Explanation:
A study was created to test the effects of jazz on people’s sleep patterns. The hypothesis of the experiment was that if people listened to jazz music as they fall asleep, they will sleep for longer periods of time. For the experiment, 2 groups of people were created. One group was placed in a quiet room where they went to sleep and they were timed on how long they slept. The other group was placed in a room where jazz music played softly as they began to sleep and played throughout the night. As each group awoke, their sleep times were monitored.
Dependent Variable: ______________________ Control Group: ____________________________
Independent Variable: _____________________ Experimental Group: ________
Answer:
Dependent variable - sleep times
Independent variable - jazz music/silence
Control group - Group 1. The group that was kept in a silent room
Experimental group - Group 2. The group placed in a room with jazz music.
Explanation:
The dependent variable is the actual variable to be measured during an experiment. The value of the dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable supplied. In this case, the dependent variable is the duration of sleep of the different groups.
The independent variable is supplied by the experimenter and is often manipulated to see the effects it will produce on the dependent variable. In this case, the jazz music and the silence in the rooms respectively represent the independent variable.
The control group receives no treatment variable and represents the group that is often used as the benchmark to measure the effects of treatment variables on experimental subjects. In this case, the control group is the group that was placed in a room without jazz music.
The experimental group is the group that receives the treatment variable and in this case, the group that slept in the room filled with jazz music.
Dependent Variable: The dependent variable in this experiment is the sleep duration or the length of time each participant slept.
Control Group: The control group in this experiment is the group of people placed in a quiet room where they went to sleep without any jazz music playing. This group serves as a baseline for comparison to evaluate the effects of jazz music on sleep duration.
Independent Variable: The independent variable in this experiment is the presence or absence of jazz music while falling asleep and throughout the night.
Experimental Group: The experimental group in this experiment is the group of people placed in a room where jazz music played softly as they began to sleep and continued to play throughout the night. This group is exposed to the independent variable (jazz music) to test its effect on sleep duration.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the independent variable (jazz music) has an impact on the dependent variable (sleep duration) by comparing the control group's sleep duration to that of the experimental group.
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What produces egg and sperm cells during the life
cycle of a plant?
plants and animals go through the process of _______________________ to use stored energy.
Photosynthesis is essential to all life on Earth, including both animal and plant life. It's the only biological mechanism capable of using energy that comes from space.
What is a case study of photosynthesis?The most well-known examples are plants as they all contain chlorophyll and can produce their own food, with the possible exception of a very tiny number of parasites or mycoheterotrophy species. The other major class of human photosynthetic organisms is the algae.
Why is photosynthesis important? What is it?In a process known as photosynthesis, plants and trees combine the atmosphere's carbon dioxide with the sunlight's energy to create the food they require to survive and develop. The vegetation and trees in forests help to produce carbon dioxide by storing it both above and beneath the ground.
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I'm a network of passageways that transport proteins throughout the cell; Who am I?
A. Nuclear Membrane
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum
C. Chloroplast
D. Ribosomes
Both osmosis and diffusion is the movement from Low concentration to
High concentrations.
O True
O False
How are vertebrates different from invertebrates?
Answer:
Vertebrates are those that have backbones or vertebral column, and invertebrates are those that do not have backbones or vertebral column.
Answer:
Vertebrates are those that have backbones or vertebral column and they dont
Explanation:
14. In guinea pigs, brown fur is dominant over white. Two guinea pigs mate and half of their offspring are brown and half are white. What are the genotypes of the parents?
15. The ability to taste PTC is dominant. If two heterozygous tasters have children, what percentage will be non-tasters?
16. In rabbits, brown is dominant over white. If two rabbits mate and have 30 brown offspring and 10 white offspring, what are the genotypes of the parents?
17. A red flower and a white flower produce pink offspring. What type of inheritance is this?
If two pink flowers cross-pollinate, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?
18. A white cow and a red cow produce roan offspring. What type of inheritance is this?
What two parents would make the highest percentage of roan offspring?
19. If offspring inherit an allele for curly hair, and an allele for straight hair, their hair is wavy. What type of inheritance is this?
If a woman with wavy hair mates with a man with straight hair, what percentage of their
offspring will have straight hair?
14. In guinea pigs, brown fur is dominant over white. Two guinea pigs mate and half of their offspring are brown and half are white. What are the genotypes of the parents? Bb and bb.
15. The ability to taste PTC is dominant. If two heterozygous tasters have children, what percentage will be non-tasters? There is a 25% chance of having children that are non-tasters.
16. In rabbits, brown is dominant over white. If two rabbits mate and have 30 brown offspring and 10 white offspring, what are the genotypes of the parents? To predict the results of the offspring from a cross between brown heterozygous rabbit and a white homozygous rabbit, a punnet square can be drawn as follows:
b b
B Bb Bb
b bb bb
The results from the punnet square show that there is 2:2 ratio that the offspring will be brown colored or white colored. The genotype of the rabbits will either be heterozygous brown i.e. Bb or homozygous white bb.
there is a 50% chance that the offspring will be brown rabbit and there is also a 50% chance that the offspring can be a white rabbit.
17. A red flower and a white flower produce pink offspring. What type of inheritance is this?
If two pink flowers cross-pollinate, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? All the offspring would be of pink color. Let R represents the allele for red color of flower
r represents the allele for white color of flower
Here R and r can occur co dominantly thereby producing pink color flower with genotype "Rr"
Now , it is given a cross is carried out between a red flowering plant "RR" and a white flowering plant "rr".
The cross between the two parents is represented as below-
R R
r Rr Rr
r Rr Rr
Thus, all the offspring would be of pink color
18. A white cow and a red cow produce roan offspring. What type of inheritance is this?
What two parents would make the highest percentage of roan offspring? When a white cow (CwCw) is mated with a red cow (CrCr), they produce a red and white, or roan cow (CwCr). When the white cow and the roan cow are mated, a half of offspring will be white and half-roan cow will be produced with ratio of 1:1.
19. If offspring inherit an allele for curly hair, and an allele for straight hair, their hair is wavy. What type of inheritance is this?
If a woman with wavy hair mates with a man with straight hair, what percentage of their
offspring will have straight hair? If one parent has curly hair and the other has straight hair, each offspring will inherit one of each allele from parents. All offspring will have wavy hair.
I hope this helped you and Merry Christmas!
. a strain of e. coli has a mutation in a gene in the pathway to make an amino acid. this mutation leads to the enzyme the gene codes for being non-functional. what is the result for the e. coli strain?
The result for the E. coli strain with a mutation in a gene in the pathway to make an amino acid, which leads to the enzyme the gene codes for being non-functional, is that the E. coli strain will be unable to synthesize the affected amino acid.
If the affected amino acid is an essential amino acid that cannot be obtained from the environment, the E. coli strain will be unable to grow and reproduce. If the affected amino acid is non-essential, the E. coli strain may still be able to grow and reproduce, but may have reduced fitness compared to wild-type E. coli strains. In addition, the lack of the affected amino acid may affect the E. coli strain's ability to synthesize certain proteins, which could further impact its physiology and metabolism.
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How does your medical issue affect the integumentary system?
Answer:
Atopic Dermatitis
It is a skin disease causing much itchiness. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, crusting, and scaling
Answer:
Atopic Dermatitis
What is Atopic Dermatitis?
It is a skin disease causing much itchiness. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, crusting, and scaling.
What happens if there is an issue with the integumentary system?
The integumentary system is susceptible to a variety of diseases, disorders, and injuries. These range from annoying but relatively benign bacterial or fungal infections that are categorized as disorders, to skin cancer and severe burns, which can be fatal.
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Which of these does not occur in the Krebs cycle?
A. A 4-carbon molecule is recycled.
B. Glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules.
C. Pyruvate is broken down into a 2-carbon molecule and carbon dioxide.
D. Citric acid is broken down, creating carbon dioxide as a waste product.
the answer you are looking for is B. Glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules.
this process occurs during glycolysis
Glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules.
What is Krebs cycle ?
A sequence of reactions in the living organism in which oxidation of acetic acid or acetyl equivalent provides energy for storage in phosphate bonds (as in ATP) — called also citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle.
What is the end product of Krebs cycle ?
At the end of the Krebs cycle, the final product is oxaloacetic acid. This is identical to the oxaloacetic acid that begins the cycle. Now the molecule is ready to accept another acetyl-CoA molecule to begin another turn of the cycle.
In which process glucose breaks into pyruvate molecule ?
Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down within the cytoplasm of a cell to form pyruvate. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate can diffuse into mitochondria, where it enters the citric acid cycle and generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADH and FADH2.
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Which of the following is
MOST difficult to regulate?
A. liquid waste (effluent) leaving a factory
B. liquid waste (effluent) leaving a power plant
C. runoff from agricultural lands
D. water leaving a sewage treatment plant
It is difficult to regulate liquid waste (effluents) leaving a factory, as there is no means of containment and remediation is difficult.
A. liquid waste (effluents) leaving a factoryHow are liquid effluents generated in industries?Industrial Effluents, on the other hand, will have their generation linked to the typology and the industrial process, in this way, all the water that was not lost through evaporation, infiltration and that ends up left over from the production process, that is, that is not incorporated into the final product, ends up becoming effluent.
How is waste generated by industries disposed of?The most used treatments for this type of waste are the aerobic and anaerobic process, which use biological agents, such as
bacteriaalgae and protozoato degrade the organic matter of the effluents.
With this information, we can conclude that Industrial waste is a wide variety of leftovers, waste or remains originating from manufacturing activities.
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1- List the 3 functions of the Digestive System
2- list the 2 function of the exretory system
3- describe the path of food,beginning in the mouth
4- describe the path of urine formation begginning in the kidneys
5- how does the urinary system maintain homeostasis
Answer:
1. transportation, digestion, and absorption of food.
2. Remove and concentrate waste products from body fluids and return other substances to body fluids
3. Food starts to move through your GI tract when you eat. When you swallow, your tongue pushes the food into your throat.
4. Urine then flows through the nephrons, through a system of converging tubules called collecting ducts.
5. filtering out excess fluid and other substances from the bloodstream and secreting waste.
Which membrane-bound organelle is the site of both protein and lipid synthesis?
how do gap models account for growth ratesd of different species of tress under different climate conditions and spacing?
Overall, gap models offer a potent tool for comprehending the intricate dynamics of forest ecosystems, and they may assist guide management choices meant to encourage sustainable forestry methods and safeguard forest biodiversity.
Gap models, which replicate the dynamic growth and development of individual trees in a forest stand through time, are dynamic forest models. Several factors and equations are used in these models to take into consideration the growth rates of various tree species under various climatic conditions and spacing.
These models replicate the impacts of disturbances on specific trees as well as the general structure of the forest, and they may be used to forecast how forests will react to various management techniques or potential future climatic scenarios.
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1. Name 5 simple crochet stiches.
Explanation:
Single Crochet Stitch.
Double Crochet Stitch.
Half Double Crochet Stitch.
Treble Crochet Stitch.
Slip Stitch Crochet.
why does the number of yeast cells decrease during fermentation??
Answer:Dough can still rise in cooler environments, but much more slowly. Amount of yeast; the more yeast the faster the fermentation. Too much can add an undesirable yeasty flavor.
A scientist discovers several new prokaryotic organisms near a deep seafloor vent. Which best describes the general characteristics of these organisms?
A.
colonial, autotrophic
B.
multicellular, heterotrophic
C.
single-celled, autotrophic
D.
multicellular, autotrophic
Answer:
a,
Explanation:
The general characteristic of the new prokaryotic organisms is single-celled, autotrophic. Therefore, the correct statement is option C.
What are prokaryotic organisms?Prokaryotic organisms are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic.
Deep seafloor vents are chemosynthetic organisms, which produce organic molecules using energy from chemical reactions. Prokaryotic organisms include bacteria and archaea and are the most common types of organisms found in deep-sea vents, and many of these are chemosynthetic and autotrophic.
The new prokaryotic organisms discovered near a deep seafloor vent are single-celled and autotrophic which can produce their food through chemosynthesis.
Therefore, new prokaryotic organisms near a deep seafloor vent are that they are single-celled and autotrophic.
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Directions: State a SCALE for each of the data tables.
The SCALE is how much you are going to go up
in numbers for each interval (example 5 s, 10 s, 20 s ...etc)
#1
Length in meters
3
14
22
29
Age of Whale in years
1
2.
3
4
SCALE
MORE on the next page.
#2
Number of bacteria
320
Time Lapsed (min)
100
120
Write a paragraph describing how muscles and bones work together to create movement. Be sure to include the following words in your paragraph.
Tendon(s), ligament(s), cartilage, bone(s), muscle(s), skeletal system, muscular system.
Musculoskeletal system works to help you with diverse body movement. human body have206 bones and more than 600 muscles, connected by ligaments, tendons and soft tissues.
Bones support your body, protect organs and tissues, store calcium and fat and produce blood cells. Cartilage is connective tissue, cartilage cushions bones inside your joints, spine and in your ribcage. Bones together makes joints these joints have a large range of motion .Muscle is made of thousands of stretchy fibers. they helps to move, sit upright and stand still. Ligaments are tough collagen fibers, ligaments connect bones and help stabilize joints. Tendons connect muscles to bones tendons are tough but not very stretchy.
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how did the deer's behavior change upon the reintroduction of the wolves? question 1 options: the deer started reproducing in greater numbers the deer moved around more and grazed less vegetation the deer's behavior did not change in response to the wolves the deer stayed in one place and grazed more vegetation
Following the reintroduction of the wolves, the behaviour of the deer changed, causing them to move around more and graze less vegetation.
A direct effect, as the name suggests, is a change that is brought about directly by the actions of the wolves; in this case, hunting and killing deer and forcing them to alter their behaviour are examples of direct effects. Their killing of coyotes would have another immediate effect.
A change that happens as a result of the wolves' initial actions is known as an indirect effect.
Indirect effects -The number of deer was reduced.
To avoid being pursued, they forced the deer to alter their behaviour.
The coyotes were reduced in number.
Bears and ravens, among others, ate the wolf carrion that was left behind.
Direct effect -Deer's altered foraging habits caused the flora in areas they avoided, such as valleys and gorges, to begin to regenerate.
This regeneration produced aspen, willow, and cottonwood forests, which attracted birds and increased the population of migratory and songbirds.
Beavers flourished as a result of the expanding tree population, creating habitats for otters, muskrats, ducks, fish, reptiles, and amphibians.
As a result of the decline in the coyote population, the number of rabbits, mice, and their predators, such as hawks, weasels, and foxes, began to rise.
Bear populations grew as a result of feeding on both the carrion and the fresh berries. They began to massacre some calf deer.
Due to the regeneration of forests that could grow as a result of the deer being hunted, the wolves' initial actions ultimately changed the rivers.
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Between 6 and 12 months of age, infants become increasingly social and interactive. true false
This is true, between 6 and 12 months of age, infants become increasingly social and interactive. This is the time when they start crawling and walking and learn to communicate using gestures and sounds.
They are able to recognize their parents and other familiar people, and biologists start to show emotions such as happiness, sadness, and fear.They also start to engage in social play with others and become more interested in exploring their environment. Therefore, the given statement is true. Biology is a natural science discipline that studies living things. It is a very large and broad field due to the wide variety of life found on Earth, so individual biologists normally focus on specific fields.
Biology is a branch of science that deals with living organisms and their vital processes. Biology encompasses diverse fields, including botany, conservation, ecology, evolution, genetics, marine biology, medicine, microbiology, molecular biology, physiology, and zoology. Therefore, the given statement is true.
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Coral and algae demonstrate mutualism a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit select the option that is also an example of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship
Another example of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship is the partnership between bees and flowers.
Bees collect nectar from flowers for food, while inadvertently spreading pollen from one flower to another, aiding in plant reproduction. The flowers, in turn, provide the bees with a reliable source of food.
This partnership has evolved over millions of years and is essential for the survival of both bees and flowers. Bees rely on flowers for their survival, while the flowers depend on bees for pollination and reproduction. Without this mutually beneficial relationship, both species would struggle to survive.
The symbiotic relationship between bees and flowers is just one example of the many ways in which organisms can coexist and thrive by working together. Mutualism is an essential component of many ecosystems, and it underscores the interconnectedness of life on our planet.
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Why Wegener is not qualified to be proposing theories in the fields of geology and Earth history?
Answer:
Wegener is not qualified to propose theories in the fields of geology and the history of the Earth because there was no mechanism available to endorse his proposals and offer a convincing and truthful explanation, hence the rejection of the Continental Drift, the theory That made him famous.
Explanation:
Wegener is not qualified to propose theories in the fields of geology and the history of the Earth because there was no mechanism available to endorse his proposals and offer a convincing and truthful explanation, hence the rejection of the Continental Drift, the theory that made him famous.
What is north pole and south pole?The north pole has been known as the northernmost point present on earth, and on the other hand south pole has been known as the southernmost part or the point of the earth. The area present in between south pole and north pole has been said that it has been extremely cold and the area present near the equator has extremely hot.
The area of north pole has not the part of any country or the north pole does not lie in any country. The main reason of the coldness of the north pole and south pole has that they do not receive any direct sunlight. The best time to visit the north pole has the time of June and July because in this month the ice of the north pole is thinner as compared to other months.
Therefore, Wegener is not qualified to propose theories in the fields of geology and the history of the Earth because there was no mechanism available to endorse his proposals and offer a convincing and truthful explanation, hence the rejection of the Continental Drift, the theory that made him famous.
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what do the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and hippocampus all have in common?
The basal ganglia, cerebellum, and hippocampus all have in common that they play a role in controlling movement and balance in the human body.What are the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and hippocampus?
The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei that are primarily responsible for controlling voluntary motor movements. They are located deep within the cerebral hemispheres of the brain.The cerebellum is located beneath the cerebrum and behind the brainstem. It is responsible for regulating motor movements, balance, and posture.The hippocampus is located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. It plays an important role in memory formation and spatial navigation.In conclusion, the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and hippocampus all have in common that they play a role in controlling movement and balance in the human body.
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The basal ganglia, cerebellum, and hippocampus each have a unique purpose, yet they are all interrelated and collaborate to support distinct elements of learning, motor coordination, and control in the brain.
Thus, a collection of brain cells called the basal ganglia are found deep inside the brain. They are extremely important for the regulation of voluntary motions. They play a role in controlling undesirable motions and synchronizing motor processes.
The cerebellum is a part of the brain that is situated behind the brainstem. As a result, motions are exact and precise and balance, posture, and muscular coordination are all maintained. A seahorse-like brain region called the hippocampus is found in the temporal lobe. It contributes to the creation and maintenance of fresh memories and spatial awareness.
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Neurotransmitters can be blocked which
disrupts the __ impulse from traveling
through the target neuron.
A. synthetic
B. electrical
C. somatic
D. chemical
How are algae and kelp similar and different from true plants?
Algae and kelp are similar to true plants in that they are photosynthetic organisms that use chlorophyll to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into energy. However, there are several differences between them.
Unlike actual plants, algae and kelp don't have true roots, stalks, or leaves. They instead have holdfasts, which serve as anchors to the ocean floor, and blades or fronds, which serve as photosynthetic organs.
Compared to real plants, algae and kelp have a simpler structure and less intricate cellular organisation.
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mrsa sickens some 94,000 people in the united states each year and kills almost___
MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) sickens approximately 94,000 people in the United States each year and kills almost 19,000 people annually.
This dangerous infection is resistant to many antibiotics, making it challenging to treat and a significant public health concern.
MRSA stands for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, it is a potentially dangerous type of bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics and can cause skin and other infections. MRSA spreads through direct contact with another person's infection, touching surfaces or items contaminated with the bacteria or sharing personal items, such as towels or razors that are infected.
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4.in your own words, explain 'obligatory nitrogen loss'. how do nitrogen losses change in cats during the fed state compared to the fasted state?
Obligatory nitrogen loss refers to the constant nitrogen losses through urine, feces, skin, and other metabolic processes in the body, which cannot be controlled by dietary protein intake. In cats, nitrogen losses increase during the fasted state compared to the fed state.
Obligatory nitrogen loss refers to the ongoing nitrogen losses from metabolic processes, which are independent of dietary protein intake. These losses occur primarily through the urine, feces, and skin. The magnitude of obligatory nitrogen loss can vary significantly depending on the species, age, health status, and physiological conditions of the animal.
These losses are due to the constant turnover of proteins in the body, which requires a continuous supply of amino acids. According to studies, nitrogen losses increase in cats during the fasted state compared to the fed state. This is because, during fasting, the body breaks down more protein to provide energy, which leads to an increase in nitrogen excretion.
In contrast, during the fed state, cats have lower protein catabolism and utilize dietary amino acids for protein synthesis and other metabolic processes. Thus, nitrogen losses are lower in the fed state. The amount of protein required to meet the metabolic demands of cats depends on several factors, including their age, activity level, reproductive status, and health status.
Cats are obligate carnivores, meaning they require a higher dietary protein intake than other species to meet their metabolic needs. Inadequate protein intake in cats can lead to severe health consequences such as muscle wasting, weight loss, and impaired immune function.
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What TYPE of nucleic acid is found in the Ebolavirus?
Answer:
virion nucleic acid
The virion nucleic acid of Ebola virus consists of a single-stranded RNA with a molecular weight of approximately 4.0 x 10(6).
Explanation:
n the experiment "What Effect Does Vinegar Have on Plant Growth?" some plants were given only water, some were given only vinegar, and the others were given various mixtures of water and vinegar. Which of the following groups is the control group in the experiment?
50% water and 50% vinager
100% water
100% vinager
or 25% vinager and 75% water
50% water and 50% vinager