How do chemicals affect our lives

The scale model that would indicate a container large enough to hold 1,000 cubic meters of water if the scale is 1 inch = 1 meter is a model that has a volume of 1,000 cubic inches.

To determine this, we first need to convert cubic meters to cubic inches, as the scale for each model is given in inches.

1 meter = 39.37 inches,

so 1 cubic meter = (39.37 inches)³ = 61,023.7 cubic inches.

Therefore,

1,000 cubic meters = 1,000 x 61,023.7 = 61,023,700 cubic inches

Since the scale is 1 inch = 1 meter, we can use the volume formula for a rectangular prism, which is length x width x height, to determine the volume of the container represented by each model.

For example, if a model has dimensions 10 inches x 10 inches x 10 inches, its volume would be 10 x 10 x 10 = 1,000 cubic inches. We would then need a container that has 61,023,700 / 1,000 = 61,023.7 of these models, or one model that has a volume of 61,023,700 cubic inches.

As a result, if the scale is 1 inch = 1 metre, the scale model that would suggest a container large enough to store 1,000 cubic metres of water has a volume of 61,023,700 cubic inches.

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Answer: Based on the stoichiometry 1 mole of carbon disulfide will produce 1 mole of carbon dioxide. Similarly we can apply the volume ratio, so 1.1L of carbon disulfide will produce 1.1L of carbon dioxide.

The overall rate of the reaction if the concentration of ClF₃ increases from 0.30M to 0.95M over the course of 25.0 seconds is 0.013 M/s.

To calculate the overall rate of the reaction for Cl₂(g) + 3F₂(g) → ClF₃(g), we will use the provided information on the change in concentration of ClF₃ and the time elapsed.

The concentration of ClF₃ increases from 0.30 M to 0.95 M over the course of 25.0 seconds.

Step 1: Determine the change in concentration of ClF₃.
Change in concentration = Final concentration - Initial concentration
Δ[ClF₃] = 0.95 M - 0.30 M = 0.65 M

Step 2: Determine the rate of change in concentration of ClF₃.
Rate of change in concentration = Change in concentration / Time elapsed
Rate of Δ[ClF₃] = Δ[ClF₃] / 25.0 s = 0.65 M / 25.0 s = 0.026 M/s

Step 3: Determine the overall rate of the reaction.
The stoichiometry of the balanced equation shows that 2 moles of ClF₃ are formed for every mole of Cl₂ that reacts. Therefore, the rate of change in concentration of ClF₃ is twice the overall rate of the reaction.

Overall rate of reaction = Rate of Δ[ClF₃] / 2 = 0.026 M/s / 2 = 0.013 M/s

In conclusion, the overall rate of the reaction for Cl₂(g) + 3F₂(g) → 2ClF₃(g) is 0.013 M/s.

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To solve this problem, let's write out the equation of reaction

\(Li_2O + H_2O \to 2LiOH\)

The pH of a solution indicates it's level of acidity. But in this question, lithium oxide dissolves in water to produce lithium hydroxide.

We can calculate the acidity of the solution by;

The numbers of moles is

\(n = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\n = \frac{2.6}{30}\\n = 0.086 moles\)

1 mole of Li2O produce 2 moles LiOH

0.086 moles of H2O will give

\(2 * 0.086 moles = 0.173 moles of LiOH\)

The molarity of LiOH

\(n = \frac{moles}{volume} = \frac{0.173}{1.70} = 0.102M\)

Since we have the pOH of the solution, let's calculate the pH of the solution

\(pH + pOH = 14\\pH = 14 - pOH\\pOH = 0.99\\pH = 14 - 0.99 = 13.009\)

The pH of the solution is equal to 13.0

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The energy of the photon with a wavelength of 46.1 nm is approximately 26.9 electron volts (eV).

To calculate the energy of a photon with a given wavelength, we can use the equation E = hc/λ, where E is the energy, h is Planck's constant (6.626 x 10^-34 J·s), c is the speed of light (3.00 x 10^8 m/s), and λ is the wavelength.

First, we convert the given wavelength of 46.1 nm to meters by dividing it by 10^9. Then, we substitute the values into the equation to find the energy in joules. Finally, we convert the energy from joules to electron volts (eV) by dividing it by the conversion factor 1.602 x 10^-19 J/eV.

The given wavelength is 46.1 nm, which can be converted to meters as follows:

46.1 nm * (1 m / 10^9 nm) = 4.61 x 10^-8 m

Using the equation E = hc/λ, we can calculate the energy in joules:

E = (6.626 x 10^-34 J·s * 3.00 x 10^8 m/s) / (4.61 x 10^-8 m) = 4.32 x 10^-18 J

To convert the energy from joules to electron volts, we divide by the conversion factor:

4.32 x 10^-18 J * (1 eV / 1.602 x 10^-19 J) = 26.9 eV

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answer:

hope this one helps have a great day !

Answer:

Explanation: The best-supported theory of our universe's origin centers on an event known as the big bang. This theory was born of the observation that other galaxies are moving away from our own at great speed in all directions as if they had all been propelled by an ancient explosive force.

First, we define density as:

Density = mass/volume;

We focus first on the volume of air in the room.

Volume:

We have the measurements of where the air is.

We calculate the volume with these measurements, but first, we change the units to L:

1 inch = 2.54 cm

1 L = 10^3 cm^3

1 ft = 12 inch

Now,

11.0 ft x (12 in/1 ft) x (2.54 cm/1 in) = 335.28 cm

12.0 ft = 365.76 cm

10.0 ft = 304.8 cm

Therefore, the volume of the room = 335.28 cm x 365.76 cm x 304.8 cm

Volume = 37378237.5 cm^3 x (1 L/10^3cm^3) = 374 x 10^2 L

From the Density equation, we clear the mass:

Density x volume = mass (g)

1.19 g/L x 374x10^2 L = 445x10^2 g x (1 kg/1000 g) = 44.5 kg

Answer: 44.5 kg

The balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate is;`2HCl + Na2CO3 → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2`From the equation, 2 moles of NaCl is produced for every 1 mole of CO2.

If 179.2 liters of CO2 is collected at STP, then n = PV/RT = (1.00 atm × 179.2 L)/(0.08206 L atm mol^-1 K^-1 × 273 K) = 7.28 moles of CO2`Since 2 moles of NaCl is produced for every 1 mole of CO2, then 2 moles of NaCl = 1 mole of CO2``1 mole of NaCl = 1/2 mole of CO2.

Therefore, the number of moles of NaCl produced is 7.28 × (1/2) = 3.64 moles of NaCl. Rounding off to the appropriate number of significant figures gives 3.6 moles of NaCl. Option 2 (12.5 moles) is incorrect.Option 3 (32.0 moles) is incorrect.Option 4 (4.0 moles) is incorrect. Option 5 (8.0 moles) is incorrect.

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Answer Choice: C

Explanation: Mendeleev is best known for publishing the first periodic table of elements in 1869, revolutionizing the world's understanding of physics and chemistry; and, really almost every aspect of science.

Answer:

When excited electrons fall back to the ground state, they release energy in the form of photons of light. These photons of light create the colors observed in a line-emission spectrum.

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is - C. Sweat, tears, skin, and mucus membranes.

Explanation:

Answer:

freezing is a phase change from liquid to solid at atmospheric pressure

Answer:

For Each Of The Reactions, Calculate The Mass (in Grams) Of The Product ... Assume That There Is More Than Enough Of The Other Reactant. ... grams) of the product formed when 3.09g of the underlined reactant completely reacts.

Explanation:

In an open container, an equilibrium vapor pressure can be reached as long as the liquid has molecules capable of evaporating and the surrounding space allows for the escape and mixing of vapor molecules with the air.

Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the vapor molecules when the liquid and vapor are in equilibrium. It is a measure of the tendency of a liquid to evaporate. At any given temperature, molecules within the liquid have a range of kinetic energies. Some molecules have sufficient energy to overcome intermolecular forces and escape into the gas phase, forming vapor. As more molecules escape, the vapor density increases, creating a pressure known as the vapor pressure.

In an open container, the vapor molecules can freely escape into the surrounding space and mix with the air. Initially, the evaporation rate is high as molecules escape from the liquid surface. As the concentration of vapor molecules increases, collisions between the vapor and liquid surface also result in some molecules returning to the liquid phase, which is called condensation. Eventually, a dynamic equilibrium is established where the rate of evaporation and condensation become equal.

At this equilibrium, the vapor pressure above the liquid remains constant as long as the temperature is constant. The concentration of vapor molecules in the air above the liquid reaches a steady state, and the system is said to be saturated. The equilibrium vapor pressure is determined by the temperature and the characteristics of the liquid, such as its volatility and intermolecular forces.

Therefore, In an open container, an equilibrium vapor pressure can be reached above a liquid.

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A savings account is an example of a liquid asset.

An asset is something that has monetary value, and liquidity is the ease with which an asset can be converted to cash.

Thus, a liquid asset refers to an asset that can be easily converted to cash.

A savings account is a deposit account held at a bank or other financial institution.

It earns interest on the balance and allows customers to deposit and withdraw funds easily.

It is a liquid asset because money can be withdrawn at any time without penalties or fees, and it can be quickly converted to cash.

Therefore, the answer is Savings account.

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According to superposition principle of rocks the oldest sedimentary rock layer is in the bottom and the youngest will be the upper layer.

One of the geological laws that geologists use to calculate the relative ages of rock strata, or layers, is the law of superposition. According to this theory, rock layers are stacked or deposited one on top of the other. The bottom will have the oldest rock strata and the top will have the youngest.

Earlier rocks, which were horizontally deposited over the older layers, are buried deeper in the planet than younger ones. This now widely accepted idea, which is also known as the Law of Superposition, is regarded as a fundamental rule of geology.

Long before the technology existed to compute the precise ages of rocks, geologists were able to use this principle to identify the oldest rock layers.

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Q for the formation of 1 mol of NO from its elements does differ from Q for the decomposition of 1 mol of NO to its elements. The relationship between the two Qs is that they are reciprocal. The correct answer is Option A.

Q stands for reaction quotient. It is used to determine the direction in which a reaction should move to reach equilibrium. Q can be used to determine if the system is at equilibrium or if it should shift to reach equilibrium.

When a reaction is at equilibrium, the value of Q is equal to the equilibrium constant (K). If Q is less than K, the reaction will shift towards the products, while if Q is greater than K, the reaction will shift towards the reactants.

Q for the formation of 1 mol of NO from its elements:

The reaction equation for the formation of 1 mol of NO from its elements is:

½N₂(g) + ½O₂(g) → NO(g)

The Q for this reaction can be calculated using the following expression:

Q = [NO]/[N₂]^1/2[O₂]^1/2

Q for the decomposition of 1 mol of NO to its elements:

The reaction equation for the decomposition of 1 mol of NO to its elements is:

NO(g) → ½N₂(g) + ½O₂(g)

The Q for this reaction can be calculated using the following expression:

Q = [N₂]^1/2[O₂]^1/2/[NO]

The relationship between the two Qs is that they are reciprocal. That is, if the Q for the formation of 1 mol of NO from its elements is Q1, and the Q for the decomposition of 1 mol of NO to its elements is Q2, then:

Q1Q2 = K, where K is the equilibrium constant.

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Assertion is correct, but reason is wrong statement(d) is a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason.

The assertion that sodium alginate is insoluble in water is correct. However, the reason given that ionic salts are soluble in water is not a correct explanation.

While most ionic salts are indeed soluble in water, there are exceptions such as insoluble ionic salts that do not dissolve in water. Sodium alginate is one such exception. It is a salt of alginic acid, which is a polysaccharide, and the sodium ions are not easily dissociated in water. Hence, sodium alginate is insoluble in water.

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Explanation:

External force of 220 applied on a pistan of a cylinder containg 1.25 ammonia gas move 10cm as shown in diagram below

The mass of 4.5 moles of CO2  is 7.48x10-11 g CO2  Option b)

The ratio between the mass and the quantity of material (measured in moles) of any sample of a chemical compound is known as the molar mass (M) in chemistry.  The molar mass of a material is a bulk characteristic rather than a molecular one. The compound's molar mass is an average over many samples, which frequently have different masses because of elements.

A terrestrial average and a result of the relative frequency of the isotopes of the component elements on Earth, the molar mass is most frequently calculated from the standard atomic weights. For changing between a substance's mass and quantity in bulk amounts, the molar mass is the proper unit.

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a) The selectivity of a reaction is defined as the ratio of the rate of formation of the desired product to the sum of the rates of formation of all products. In this case, we have two parallel reactions: A ⟶ D and A ⟶ U. The selectivity (S) can be calculated as:

S = (rate of formation of D) / (rate of formation of D + rate of formation of U)

b) Manipulating the concentration of species A (CA) can affect the selectivity by altering the reaction rates of the individual pathways. By increasing or decreasing the concentration of A, we can favor one reaction pathway over the other, thereby increasing selectivity.

To justify this, let's consider the rate equations for the two reactions:

Rate of formation of D = k0 * CA

Rate of formation of U = k11 * CA

From the rate equations, it is clear that the rates of formation for both D and U are directly proportional to the concentration of A (CA). By increasing CA, both reaction rates will increase. However, the relative increase in the rate of the desired product (D) will be larger compared to the increase in the rate of the undesired product (U) if the rate constants (k0 and k11) are significantly different.

Thus, by manipulating the concentration of A, we can adjust the ratio of the reaction rates and bias the system towards the desired product, thereby increasing selectivity.

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The height of the described cylinder is 0.85 cm

Substitute the values

Substitute the values

Therefore, height of the described cylinder is 0.85 cm

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Answer:

The fraction of the volume of the atom that is taken up by the nucleus is 4.6656\times 10^{-14}4.6656×10

−14

.

The density of a proton is 6.278\times 10^{14} g/cm^36.278×10

14

g/cm

3

.

Explanation:

Diameter of the atom ,d = 2.50 Å

Radius of the atom ,r = 0.5 d=0.5 × 2.50 Å = 1.25Å

Volume of the sphere= \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3

3

4

πr

3

Volume of atom = V

V=\frac{4}{3}\pi r^3V=

3

4

πr

3

..[1]

Diameter of the nucleus ,d' = 9.00\times 10^{-5}\AA9.00×10

−5

A

˚

Radius of the nucleus ,r' = 0.5 d'=0.5\times 9.00\times 10^{-5}\AA=4.5\times 10^{-5}\AA0.5×9.00×10

−5

A

˚

=4.5×10

−5

A

˚

Volume of nucleus = V'

V=\frac{4}{3}\pi r'^3V=

3

4

πr

′3

..[2]

Dividing [2] by [1]

\frac{V'}{V}=\frac{\frac{4}{3}\pi r'^3}{\frac{4}{3}\pi r^3}

V

V

′

=

3

4

πr

3

3

4

πr

′3

=\frac{r'^3}{r^3}=\frac{(4.5\times 10^{-5}\AA)^3}{(1.25 \AA)^3}=

r

3

r

′3

=

(1.25

A

˚

)

3

(4.5×10

−5

A

˚

)

3

\frac{V'}{V}=4.6656\times 10^{-14}

V

V

′

=4.6656×10

−14

The fraction of the volume of the atom that is taken up by the nucleus is 4.6656\times 10^{-14}4.6656×10

−14

.

Diameter of the proton ,d = 1.72\times 10^{-15} m = 1.72\times 10^{-13} cm1.72×10

−15

m=1.72×10

−13

cm

1 m = 100 cm

Radius of the proton,r = 0.5 d=0.5\times 1.72\times 10^{-13} cm=8.6\times 10^{-14} cm0.5×1.72×10

−13

cm=8.6×10

−14

cm

Volume of the sphere= \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3

3

4

πr

3

Volume of atom = V

V=\frac{4}{3}\times 3.14\times (8.6\times 10^{-14} cm)^3=2.664\times 10^{-39}cm^3V=

3

4

×3.14×(8.6×10

−14

cm)

3

=2.664×10

−39

cm

3

Mass of proton, m = 1.0073 amu = 1.0073\times 1.66054\times 10^{-24} g1.0073×1.66054×10

−24

g

1 amu = 1.66054\times 10^{-24} g1amu=1.66054×10

−24

g

Density of the proton : d

d=\frac{m}{V}=\frac{1.0073\times 1.66054\times 10^{-24} g}{2.664\times 10^{-39}cm^3}=6.278\times 10^{14} g/cm^3d=

V

m

=

2.664×10

−39

cm

3

1.0073×1.66054×10

−24

g

=6.278×10

14

g/cm

3

The density of a proton is 6.278\times 10^{14} g/cm^36.278×10

14

g/cm

3

.

Explanation:

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The claim that the atomic model should not be continually changed is based on the principle of scientific stability and coherence. Continually changing the atomic model can undermine the stability of scientific understanding and impede the development of robust theories.

The claim that the atomic model should not be continually changed is based on the principle of scientific stability and coherence. Continually changing the atomic model can undermine the stability of scientific understanding and impede the development of robust theories. The current atomic model, based on quantum mechanics and the understanding of subatomic particles, has provided a consistent framework that has successfully explained and predicted numerous phenomena. This model has undergone rigorous testing, verification, and refinement over the years. While scientific progress and new discoveries are essential, it is important to maintain a balance between incorporating new evidence and maintaining a stable foundation. Frequent changes to the atomic model can lead to confusion and make it difficult to build upon existing knowledge. It is preferable to refine and expand upon the current model as new evidence emerges, rather than discarding it entirely. This approach ensures continuity and progress in scientific understanding while maintaining a coherent framework for further exploration.

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Answer:

B: 1s²2s²2p¹

Na: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹

Explanation:

A = 2

B = 1

C = 2

D = 6

E = 1

Answer:

a) Density

Explanation:

When balancing a chemical reaction, you can only change the coefficients or numbers in front of the chemical formulas. The goal of balancing a chemical equation is to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Coefficients are used to represent the number of molecules or moles of a substance in a chemical equation. By adjusting these coefficients, you can balance the equation by making the number of atoms of each element the same on both sides.

However, you cannot change the subscripts within a chemical formula when balancing a reaction. The subscripts represent the number of atoms of each element within a molecule or formula unit and are fixed for a given compound. Changing the subscripts would result in a different compound with different properties.

In summary, when balancing a chemical reaction, you can only change the coefficients in front of the chemical formulas to achieve the balance of atoms on both sides of the equation.

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