How can force-time and force-displacement graphs be used to find the impulse or work done?


A. Area under force-time graph & Area under force-displacement graph

B. Area under force-displacement graph & Area under force-time graph

C. Gradient of force-time graph & Gradient of force-displacement graph

D. Gradient of force-displacement graph & Gradient of force-time graph

(a) The work done by the 150 N force is 877.5 Joules.

(b) The coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the surface is approximately 0.437.

To answer this problem, we must take into account the work done by the applied force as well as the work done by friction.

(a) The applied force's work may be estimated using the following formula:

Work = Force * Distance * cos(theta)

where the force is 150 N and the distance is 5.85 m. Since the force is applied horizontally and the displacement is also horizontal, the angle theta between them is 0 degrees, and the cosine of 0 degrees is 1.

As a result, the applied force's work is:

Work = 150 N * 5.85 m * cos(0) = 877.5 J

So, the work done by the 150 N force is 877.5 Joules.

(b) Frictional work is equal to the force of friction multiplied by the distance. The work done by friction is identical in amount but opposite in direction to the work done by the applied force since the crate travels at a constant speed.

The frictional work may be estimated using the following formula:

Work = Force of Friction * Distance * cos(theta)

The net force applied on the crate is zero since it is travelling at a constant pace. As a result, the friction force must be equal to the applied force, which is 150 N.

Thus, the work done by friction is:

Work = 150 N * 5.85 m * cos(180) = -877.5 J

Since the work done by friction is negative, it indicates that the direction of the frictional force is opposite to the direction of motion.

The coefficient of kinetic friction may be calculated using the following equation:

Friction Force = Kinetic Friction Coefficient * Normal Force

The normal force equals the crate's weight, which may be computed as:

Normal Force = mass * gravity

where the mass is 35.0 kg and the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s^2.

Normal Force = 35.0 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = 343 N

Now, we can rearrange the equation for the force of friction to solve for the coefficient of kinetic friction:

Force of Friction = coefficient of kinetic friction * Normal Force

150 N = coefficient of kinetic friction * 343 N

coefficient of kinetic friction = 150 N / 343 N ≈ 0.437

As a result, the kinetic friction coefficient between the container and the surface is roughly 0.437.

In summary, the work done by the 150 N force is 877.5 Joules, and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the surface is approximately 0.437.

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The diameter of the smaller end of the pipe is approximately 0.78 meters.

To determine the diameter of the smaller end of the pipe, we can use the principle of conservation of mass. According to this principle, the mass flow rate of water should remain constant throughout the pipe.

The mass flow rate is given by the equation:
Mass flow rate = density of water * cross-sectional area * velocity

Since the density of the water remains constant, we can write:
Cross-sectional area1 * velocity1 = Cross-sectional area2 * velocity2

Given that the velocity1 is 13 m/s, the diameter1 is 1.2 m, and the velocity2 is 30 m/s, we can solve for the diameter2 using the equation:
(pi * (diameter1/2)^2) * velocity1 = (pi * (diameter2/2)^2) * velocity2

Simplifying the equation:
(1.2/2)^2 * 13 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

Calculating the equation:
(0.6)^2 * 13 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

0.36 * 13 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

4.68 = (diameter2/2)^2 * 30

Dividing both sides by 30:
0.156 = (diameter2/2)^2

Taking the square root of both sides:
0.39 = diameter2/2

Multiplying both sides by 2:
0.78 = diameter2

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Answer:

a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation, e.g., carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons.

hope it helps

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Tell me if you get it right.

The photo shows a bicycle at rest. Because It is at rest because no forces are acting on it.​ The situation is under the law of inertia.

The resistance of any physical object to a change in velocity is known as inertia.

The tendency of things to continue travelling in a straight path at a steady speed when no forces operate on them is one example of this feature.

The photo shows a bicycle at rest. Because It is at rest because no forces are acting on it.​ The situation is under the law of inertia.

Hence, option D is correct.

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Answer:

8

Explanation:

The mass is always equal to the amount of reactants, 6+2=8

Answer:

0.258 +- 0.0162

Explanation:

First change the uncertainty to percentage uncertainty :

%uncertainty =uncertainty /estimated value *100

0.1/51.6 * 100=0.19%

Do the same for the rest you will get:

0.1%, 1%, 5%

Then add the %uncertainties

0.19% + 0.1% + 1% +5%=6.29%

Find density:

51.6/10 * 100 * 0.20 = 0.258

Change the %percentage uncertainty to absolute uncertainty :

Absolute uncertainty = %uncertainty * the answer

6.29/100 * 0.258 = 0.0162

Answer = 0.258 +- 0.0162

After rounding:

0.26 +- 0.02

Answer: Limestone Caves

Explanation: The most common feature that can be caused purely by chemical weathering is Karst Landscape, which can lead to caverns and sinkholes.

The gravitational potential energy of the two climbers would be 26,460 J.

The gravitational potential energy (PE) of an object is given by the formula:

PE = mgh

where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object above some reference point.

In this case, the combined mass of the two climbers is 150 kg, and they are 18 m above the ground. Using g = 9.8 m/s², we can calculate their gravitational potential energy as:

PE = (150 kg) x (9.8 m/s²) x (18 m) = 26,460 J

Rounded to the nearest thousand, the gravitational potential energy of the two climbers is 26,000 J.

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Answer: In an experiment, both the independent variable and the dependent variable play crucial roles, but they have different impacts.

The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or controlled by the experimenter. It is intentionally changed or varied to observe its effect on the dependent variable. The independent variable is typically seen as having a greater influence on the experiment because it is intentionally altered to determine the cause or influence of the observed changes.

On the other hand, the dependent variable is the variable that is measured or observed to determine the outcome or response in relation to the independent variable. It is considered the outcome or the result of the changes made to the independent variable. While the dependent variable is influenced by the independent variable, its changes are typically a consequence of the alterations made to the independent variable.

In summary, the independent variable is typically seen as having a more direct and significant effect on the experiment because it is intentionally manipulated to observe its impact on the dependent variable. The dependent variable, while influenced by the independent variable, is more of a response or outcome that is measured or observed as a result of the changes made to the independent variable.

Standard atmospheric pressure is the average pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at sea level under normal conditions. It is defined as 101.325 kPa or 1 atm and serves as a reference point for scientific measurements and comparisons related to atmospheric pressure.

Standard atmospheric pressure is the average pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere at sea level under normal conditions. It is defined as 101.325 kilopascals (kPa) or 1 atmosphere (atm). This pressure is used as a reference point for various scientific measurements and is crucial in fields such as meteorology, physics, and engineering.

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the weight of the air above a given point on the Earth's surface. The air is composed of molecules, mainly nitrogen (approximately 78%) and oxygen (approximately 21%), along with other trace gases. These molecules are in constant motion and exert a force on the surfaces they come into contact with, including the Earth's surface.

The standard atmospheric pressure of 101.325 kPa is equivalent to the pressure exerted by a column of mercury 760 millimeters (mm) in height in a barometer at sea level. This measurement was established as a reference point for atmospheric pressure, providing a consistent value for scientific calculations and comparisons.

It is important to note that atmospheric pressure can vary with altitude and weather conditions. As altitude increases, the atmospheric pressure decreases because the column of air above becomes thinner. In areas of high or low pressure systems associated with weather patterns, the atmospheric pressure deviates from the standard value.

The standard atmospheric pressure is a valuable reference in many applications. For instance, it is used as a standard for measuring gas pressure in laboratories and industrial processes. It is also used in meteorology to calculate and compare pressure systems and to study atmospheric phenomena such as wind patterns and weather changes.

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Final Answer:

If there is lower air pressure being "pushed" onto the surface of the water, then the water molecules do not need as much energy to overcome the force of atmospheric pressure pushing on the surface, and they can more easily escape and become a vapor. When the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the air pressure surrounding the liquid, it will boil. If you lower the air pressure, you will lower the temperature that water will boil at.

Explanation:

The boiling point of a liquid depends on the balance between the vapor pressure of the liquid and the external pressure, which is typically atmospheric pressure. When the external pressure is reduced, such as at higher altitudes or in a vacuum, the liquid molecules require less energy to escape the surface and become vapor. This is because there is less force pushing down on the liquid's surface, allowing for easier vaporization.

At lower air pressure, the water molecules can overcome the diminished force of atmospheric pressure more readily, requiring less heat energy to transition from liquid to vapor. When the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the surrounding air pressure, the liquid will start to boil.

Boiling point and vapor pressure are fundamental concepts in thermodynamics and phase transitions. Understanding how pressure affects the boiling point of liquids is crucial in various scientific and engineering applications, such as cooking, chemical processes, and high-altitude cooking.

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Answer:

50 miles per hour

Explanation:

125/2.5 which equals to 50

Answer:

50 miles per hour

Explanation:

125 divided by 2.5 = 50

The amount of energy converted to heat and sound is about 1.5

What is energy?

energy is ability to do work. Scientists define energyas the  the ability to do work. Modern civilization is the  possible because people to  have learned how to change to the  energy from one form to another and then use it to do work.

Despite this confusing to definition it is  meaning is very simple: energy is to just the force that causes things are  to move. Energy is to  divided into two types of there are potential and kinetic.

Sol- as per the given data

1 kg ball dropped from a height of = 3m

Rebound after hitting the ground is =1.5m

Now we have to find the potential energy P.E

Let mass of the ball is m

Potential energy at height H,(P.E)1=mgH

Potential energy at height h (P,E)2=mgh

Find the percentage loss in the potential energy

Loss in the potential energy

∆P.E =mg(H-h)

Percentage loss in the potential energy,

∆P.E =mg (H-h)

Percentage loss in the potential energy,

%∆(P.E)= [mg(H-h)/mgH×100]%

=[mg(3-1.5)/mg×2]

=1.5

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The average acceleration of the motorcycle over the given distance is approximately 9.39 m/s².

To calculate the average acceleration of the motorcycle, we can use the formula:

Average acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time

First, let's convert the final velocity from km/h to m/s since the distance is given in meters. We know that 1 km/h is equal to 0.2778 m/s.

Converting the final velocity:

Final velocity = 78 km/h * 0.2778 m/s = 21.67 m/s

Since the motorcycle starts from rest (initial velocity is zero), the formula becomes:

Average acceleration = (21.67 m/s - 0 m/s) / time

To find the time taken to reach this velocity, we need to use the formula for average speed:

Average speed = total distance/time

Rearranging the formula:

time = total distance / average speed

Plugging in the values:

time = 50 m / 21.67 m/s ≈ 2.31 seconds

Now we can calculate the average acceleration:

Average acceleration = (21.67 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2.31 s ≈ 9.39 m/s²

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I think it is D. Force

Answer:

Explanation:

Do you mean tire tracks?

If you do then the tracks show that there must have been a lot of heat involved. When the tires skid, the friction produced must be awfully hot to stop and 800 kg vehical (which is pretty small). The tire tracks that you see are bits of melted rubber taken from the tire.

Force is involved, but heat is the better answer.

gravity is necessary for friction to take place. If you were out in space, you could not get enough friction to leave tire tracks. (Force is awfully small).

Lubrication is there to give you a 4th choice. The exact opposite is what takes place. Lubrication reduces friction.

Answer:

a1 = -2.89 units

a2 = 3.17 units

magnitude = 4.2896 units

direction = 132.35 degrees

Explanation:

We can write the vector in component form as: <-2.89, 3.17>

That means that its i and j components are:

a1 = -2.89 units

a2 = 3.17 units

The magnitude of the vector is given by:

\(\sqrt{(-2.89)^2 +3.17^2} \approx 4.2896\)

The vectors direction can be found from the tangent function, ad noticing that the vector must reside on the Second Quadrant:

\(arctan(-3.17/2.89) + 180^o\approx 132.35^o\)

The vector that is perpendicular to the original vector is vector B = (√3 i  - 2√3 k )

The vector that is perpendicular to the original vector is calculated as follows;

Let the vector = B = (xi + 0j + zk)

The dot product of A and B must be equal to zero.

A . B = (2i + 3j + k) . (xi + 0j + zk)

A.B = 2x  + z = 0

2x = - z

The product of the vector must be √15 and it is calculated as;

√ (x² + z²) = √15

x² + z² = 15

Substitute the value of x for z;

x²  +  (-2x)² = 15

x² + 4x² = 15

5x² = 15

x² = 15/5

x² = 3

x = √3

z = - 2x

z = -2√3

The vector B = (√3 i  - 2√3 k )

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A group of people pulling up on by pulley is way easier than by pulling directly because a pulley system is a freight lift system that allows objects to be hoisted to higher floors with less force. The pulley mechanism is used for Wells to hoist the bucket out of the well. In order to operate, certain forms of gym equipment use pulleys. In order to lift and position heavy goods, building pulleys are used.

A wheel on an axle or shaft known as a pulley is used to transfer power from the shaft to the cable or belt or to sustain movement and direction change of a taut cable or belt. The supporting shell is known as a block, and the pulley may also be referred to as a sheave or a pulley wheel when it is supported by a frame or shell but does not transmit power to a shaft. For the purpose of locating the cable or belt, a pulley may include a groove or grooves between flanges around its circle. A rope, cable, belt, or chain may serve as the drive component of a pulley system. It is example of  simple machines.

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ANSWER:

(a) 3

(b) 37.35 kg

(c) 488 N

STEP-BY-STEP EXPLANATION:

Given:

T = 122 N

(a)

We make the balance of force to be able to determine the weight, just like this:

Now, the formula to calculate the mechanical advantage is the following:

(b)

The mass is calculated using the following formula:

(c)

We can calculate this force (tension) by the following force balance:

Answer:

b) 16 cm

Magnification, m = v/u

3 = v/u

⇒ v = 3u

Lens formula : 1/v – 1/u = 1/f

1/3u = 1/u = 1/12

-2/3u = 1/12

⇒ u = -8 cm

V = 3 × (-8) = -24

Distance between object and image = u – v = -8 – (-24) = -8 + 24 = 16 cm

Explanation:

Answer:

8.45 m

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Mass (m) = 90 Kg

Initial velocity (u) = 13 m/s

Final velocity (v) = 0 m/s

Height (h) =?

NOTE: Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 m/s²

The height of the hill can be obtained as follow:

v² = u² – 2gh (since the cart is going against gravity)

0² = 13² – (2 × 10 × h)

0 = 169 – 20h

Rearrange

20h = 169

Divide both side by 20

h = 169/20

h = 8.45 m

Therefore, the height of the hill is 8.45 m

Given the mass of the cell is 1 * 10⁻¹⁴ kg, the number of cells in the 65 kg person is  6.5 * 10¹⁵  cells.

The number of cells in a human is calculated as follows:

The mass of an average cell is ten times the mass of a bacterium.

The mass of a bacterium = 1 * 10⁻¹⁵ kg

mass of an average cell = 10 *  1 * 10⁻¹⁵ kg =  1 * 10⁻¹⁴ kg

Number of cells = mass of person/mass of cell

Number of cells = 65 kg/1 * 10⁻¹⁴ kg

Number of cells = 6.5 * 10¹⁵  cells.

In conclusion, the number of cells is obtained by dividing the mass of the person by the mass of a average cell.

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Note that the complete question is given below:

Assuming the mass of an average cell is ten times the mass of a bacterium (which is 10⁻¹⁵ kg): Calculate the number of cells in a human assuming the mass of the person is 10² kg.

Answer:

B. They do not provide explanations for why they are true.

C. They are considered to be proven facts.

Explanation:

edge 2021

The statements describe scientific laws but not theories or hypotheses are they do not provide explanations for why they are true and they are considered to be proven facts.

The law given by the experimenters or scientists after years of observations and experiments based on the scientific reasons are called scientific laws.

The laws are not the proven facts. They even don't explain why the scientific laws are true.

Thus, the correct option is B and C.

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The time taken for the aircraft to skid, given the data is 7.37 s

Velocity is simply defined as the rate of change of displacement with time. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

Velocity = displacement / time

With the above formula, we can obtain the time through which the aircraft skid.

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Velocity = displacement / time

11.3 = 83.3 / time

Cross multiply

11.3 × time = 83.3

Divide both sides by 11.3

Time = 83.3 / 11.3

Time = 7.37 s

Thus, the aircraft will skid for 7.37 s

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Answer:

According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When the man jumps from a boat, he applies force on the boat due to which boat moves backward. An equal force is exerted by the boat on the man which helps the man to jump out of the boat.

Answer:

the Earth's crust is broken into about 12 plates that float on hotter, softer rocks in the underlying mantle

Explanation:

Answer:

Shown by explanation;

Explanation:

The heat of the sample = mass ×specific heat capacity of the sample × temperature change(∆T)

Assumption;I assume the mass of the samples are : 109g and 192g

∆T= 30.1-21=8.9°c.

The heat of the samples are for 109g are:

0.109 × 4186 × 8.9 =4060.84J

For 0.192g are;

∆T= 67-30.1-=36.9°c

0.192 × 4186×36.9=29656.97J

Answer:

un café y a seguir pensando porque no se la respuesta xd

When the day is humid, the water molecules in the air can act like conductors, earthing any potential static charge.

When the day is dry, this effect doesn't occur, therefore it's easier to have static electricity built up.

Therefore the statement is TRUE.

The molecules of O2 that are  present in 3.90 L flask at  a temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1.00 atm is 1.047 x 10^23 molecules  of O2

Step  1:  used the ideal gas equation to calculate the moles of O2

that is Pv=n RT  where;

P(pressure)= 1.00 atm

V(volume) =3.90 L

n(number of moles)=?

R(gas constant) = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K

T(temperature) = 273 k

by  making n the subject of the formula by  dividing  both side by RT

n= Pv/RT

n=[( 1.00 atm x 3.90 L)  /(0.0821 L.atm/mol.k  x273)]=0.174  moles

Step 2: use the Avogadro's  law constant  to calculate  the number of molecules

that  is  according to Avogadro's law

                          1  mole =  6.02 x10^23  molecules

                            0.174 moles=? molecules

by  cross  multiplication

the number of  molecules

= (0.174  moles x  6.02 x10^23  molecules)/ 1 mole  =1.047 x 10^23 molecules of O2

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

D is false because asexual reproduction produces offspring much more similar to the parent than that produced in sexual reproduction.