The balancing of chemical equations is based on the law of conservation of mass.
How could a chemical process be made to balance out? Which integers can be changed, and which cannot?
When an equation is balanced, the coefficients can only be changed (the numbers in front of molecules or atoms).
The coefficients are indicated by the numerals in front of the molecule. Subscripts are the smaller numerals found following atoms. These cannot be changed while balancing chemical equations!
How is a chemical equation brought to equilibrium?
the algebraic balancing technique. Chemical equations can be balanced by assigning algebraic variables as stoichiometric coefficients to each species in the unbalanced chemical equation.
Equations in mathematics are used to calculate the values of each of these variables
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The total pressure of gas collected over water is 770.0 mmHg and the temperature is 23.0 degrees Celsius what is the pressure of hydrogen gas formed in mmHg?
What is the concentration (molarity) of a solution of NaCl if 350. mL of a 2.5 M NaCl solution is diluted to a total volume of 5.0 mL? (NEED HELP ASAP)
The concentration (molarity) of the final NaCl solution is 175 M.
To find the concentration (molarity) of the final NaCl solution, we can use the equation:
M1V1 = M2V2
Where M1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, M2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.
In this case, we have an initial NaCl solution with a concentration of 2.5 M and a volume of 350 mL (0.350 L). We are diluting this solution to a total volume of 5.0 mL (0.005 L).
Plugging these values into the equation, we have:
(2.5 M) * (0.350 L) = M2 * (0.005 L)
Simplifying the equation:
0.875 = 0.005 * M2
Dividing both sides by 0.005:
M2 = 0.875 / 0.005
M2 = 175M
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What is the solar radius of a main sequence star?
Answer:I'm going to give some fictitious values just so that we can get some perspective on the matter.
Let's say that the surface temperature of our sun is 10, the surface temp of the bigger star- the red giant formed from leaving the main sequence, has a temp of 0.2. of that- 2.
We can also say that the radius of our sun is 10, and the radius of the red giant is 1000. (100 times more)
Using the equation:
L
=
σ
A
T
4
σ
= The Stefan-Boltzmann constant =
5.67
×
10
−
8
But we can ignore the constant, as we are only interested in a ratio of these values.
L
S
u
n
=
4
π
(
10
)
2
×
10
4
=
1.26
×
10
7
L
S
t
a
r
=
4
π
(
1000
)
2
×
2
4
≈
2.01
×
10
8
2.01
×
10
8
1.26
×
10
8
≈
16
So the newly formed, red giant star is almost 16 times more luminous than the sun. This is owing to the increased surface area of the star due to the massively increased radius.
A small sidenote:
There is an equation that might be useful for comparing the radii, temperature and luminosity of main sequence stars. As red giants are not on the main sequence it could not be used here, but if you stumble across a question where they ask you to find the radius, luminosity or temperature given the other two, you can relate it to the sun's characteristics:
r
s
t
a
r
r
s
u
n
=
√
L
s
t
a
r
L
s
u
n
×
(
T
s
u
n
T
s
t
a
r
)
2
(I know, it's not a beauty to look at- but it works)
Where
X
s
u
n
is the radius, temperature, and luminosity of the sun. These are not often given in numerical values, but this equation serves well when asked to find e.g the radius of a star, in solar radii given that a star is twice as luminous and has 5 times the temperature of that of the sun.
Hence:
T
s
t
a
r
=
5
T
s
u
n
L
s
t
a
r
=
2
L
s
u
n
r
s
t
a
r
r
s
u
n
=
√
2
L
s
u
n
L
s
u
n
×
(
T
s
u
n
5
T
s
u
n
)
2
(cancel the common terms)
r
s
t
a
r
r
s
u
n
=
√
2
×
(
1
5
)
2
r
s
t
a
r
≈
0.057
r
s
u
n
(divide both sides by 0.0057)
17.5
r
s
t
a
r
≈
r
s
u
n
So the star's radius is almost 17.5 times that of the sun.
Hopefully, you find this info useful!
Explanation:
Which statement about the relationship between laws, hypotheses, and theories is true?
What's the use og brady's reagent, also state its chemical lab name
Answer:
It is called 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine benzene which confirms presence of a carbonyl compound such as ketone and aldehyde
\({}\)
Answer:
2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
Explanation:
Brady's reagent or Borche's reagent is prepared by dissolving DNPH in a solution containing methanol and some concentrated sulfuric acid. This solution is used to detect ketones and aldehydes. A positive test is signaled by the formation of a yellow, orange, or red precipitate of the dinitrophenylhydrazone
How to water a plant
Pour water and put near sunlight :)
How many moles of gas are in a 25 L container if the temperature is 289 K and the pressure is 125 atm?
Answer:
1.3 moles
Explanation:
pv = nrt
n = pv/rt
n = (125 * 25) / (8.3144598 * 289)
n = 1.3 moles
A 3-column table with 5 rows. Column 1 is unlabeled with entries A, B, C, D, E. Column 2 is labeled Temperature in degrees Celsius with entries 2.4, 21.5, 39.6, 55.6, 71.2. Column 3 is labeled Volume in cubic centimeters with entries 5.8, 5.8, 6.7, 6.9, 7.4. A student collected the data shown above. Row may represent an error.
Since it reflects no change in volume – it is most likely that the data recorded in row B is erroneous.
How to solveIn order to pinpoint the row with a probable error, we will scrutinize the correlation between temperature and volume.
Typically, whenever there is an increase in temperature, there would be an accompanying escalation in the volume of a given substance.
Let's take a closer look at the values reflected in the table:
From A to B: Temperature rises but the volume remains stagnant.
From B to C: Both temperature and volume show an increment.
Similarly, from C to D, as well as from D to E, we see that for every rise in temperature, there is subsequently more volume illustrated.
Given the dissimilarity between rows A and B – where the former shows a temperature increase while the latter reflects no change in volume – it is most likely that the data recorded in row B is erroneous.
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Which row in the table below is likely to represent an error in the student's data collection?
Temperature (°C) Volume (cm³)
A 2.4 5.8
B 21.5 5.8
C 39.6 6.7
D 55.6 6.9
E 71.2 7.4
Answer:
A student collected the data shown above. Row
✔ B
may represent an error.
Explanation:
edge 2023
What is the binding energy for the nuclide 199F (atomic mass: 18.9984 amu) in MeV per nucleus?
The binding energy per nucleon for the ¹⁹F nucleon is equal to 7.786 MeV/nucleon.
What is binding energy?Binding energy can be defined as the minimum quantity of energy that is required to remove the particle from the system. Nuclear binding energy can be described as the energy required to dismantle a nucleus of an atom into free neutrons and protons.
The binding energy will be determined from the mass defect. Mass defect is calculated from the difference between the mass observed and the expected combined mass.
Given the mass of the ¹⁹F = 18.9984 a.m.u.
The mass defect for the ¹⁹F can be calculated as:
Δm = \((M _n +M_p) - M_F\)
\(\triangle m =( 9\times 1.0078 + 10 \times 1.0087 )- 18.9984\)
\(\triangle m =0.1588 \;a.m.u.\)
The binding energy for the fluorine can be calculated as:
E = Δmc²
E = 0.1588 × 931.5
E = 147.92 MeV
The binding energy per nucleon of ¹⁹F can be calculated as:
B.E.N. = 147.92/18.9984 = 7.786 MeV per nucleon
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1.consider the following overall reaction 6 CL + 2 AU³ → 3C L₂(g) + 2 AU (s)
(I) write down the cell notation for the cell
(i) Construct a fully labelled Galvanic cell for the reaction given above
Answer:
AU(s)| AU³||CL,Cl2|Pt(s)
Explanation:
I started with the anode on my left hand side because AU id undergoing oxidation and on the right hand side CL is undergoing reduction hence it's a cathode, and since for the cathode we don't have a metal in a solid state we are going to add Pt
Which statement best summarizes the way the sun produces energy?
A. Combustion reactions in the sun release large amounts of chemical energy.
B. Fusion reactions in the sun release large amounts of chemical energy.
C. Combustion reactions in the sun convert small amounts of matter into large amounts of energy.
D. Fusion reactions in the sun convert small amounts of matter into large amounts of energy.
Answer: D. Fusion reactions in the sun convert small amounts of mayter into large amounts of energy.
Calculate the energy required to heat of 1.50 kg silver from -7.8 C to 15.0 C . Assume the specific heat capacity of silver under these conditions is .0235 J*g^-1*K^-1 . Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Answer:
804 J
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Mass of silver (m): 1.50 kgInitial temperature: -7.8 °CFinal temperature: 15.0 °CSpecific heat capacity of silver (c): 0.0235J·g⁻¹K⁻¹Step 2: Calculate the energy required (Q)
We will use the following expression.
Q = c × m × ΔT
Q = 0.0235J·g⁻¹K⁻¹ × (1.50 × 10³g) × [15.0°C-(-7.8°C)]
Q = 804 J
a mixture of of sand,salt and sawdust was stirred into water and the mixture was allowed to stand.
a)how might you collect "pure" sawdust?
b)what is the sediment which forms?
c)the clear liquid was poured off and divided into 2 parts.one part was evaporated,and the other was distilled.
i)what substance would be collected by distillation?
ii)what would be collected by evaporation?
iii)what difference in properties allows the separation in both evaporation and distillation?
Answer:
A) To get the pure sawdust u can filter it..
B) The muddy sagment that will form .
C) The clear liquid can divide into 3 layers on the top there will be pure water in middle there will be muddy or dark layer of water and in lower layer there will be the stones or heavy particles of water .
Aluminum chloride is decomposed to form pure aluminum and chlorine gas assuming that 10.0 g of was used for this reaction how many grams of chlorine and aluminum will be formed? Assume that a student did this reaction and got only 1.2 grams of aluminum what was this students percent yield?
1. The mass of chlorine formed can be obtain as follow:
2AlCl₃ -> 2Al + 3Cl₂
Molar mass of AlCl₃ = 133.5 g/molMass of AlCl₃ from the balanced equation = 2 × 133.5 = 267 g Molar mass of Cl₂ = 71 g/molMass of Cl₂ from the balanced equation = 3 × 71 = 213 gFrom the balanced equation above,
267 g of AlCl₃ decomposed to produce 213 g of Cl₂
Therefore,
10 g of AlCl₃ will decompose to produce = (10 × 213) / 267 = 7.98 g of Cl₂
Thus, the mass of chlorine formed is 7.98 g
2. The mass of aluminium formed can be obtain as follow:
2AlCl₃ -> 2Al + 3Cl₂
Molar mass of AlCl₃ = 133.5 g/molMass of AlCl₃ from the balanced equation = 2 × 133.5 = 267 g Molar mass of Al = 27 g/molMass of Al from the balanced equation = 2 × 27 = 54 gFrom the balanced equation above,
267 g of AlCl₃ decomposed to produce 54 g of Al
Therefore,
10 g of AlCl₃ will decompose to produce = (10 × 54) / 267 = 2.02 g of Al
Thus, the mass of aluminum formed is 2.02 g
How do i determine the percentage yield?The percentage yield of aluminum formed can be obtain as follow:
Actual yield of aluminum = 1.2 gTheoretical yield of aluminum = 2.02 gPercentage yield of aluminum =?Percentage yield = (Actual /Theoretical) × 100
Percentage yield of aluminum = (1.2 / 2.02) × 100
Percentage yield of aluminum = 59.4%
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Where does the stored energy in these cabbage leaves come from ?
Answer:
The energy in cabbage leaves comes from the light from the sun.
Explanation:
The plant keeps the light (in the leaves) as energy to help make it grow.
Mescaline a hallucinogenic amine obtained from the peyote cactus has been synthesized in two steps from 3 4 5 trimethoxybenzyl bromide The first step is nucleophile substitution by sodium cyanide. The second step is a lithium aluminum anhydride reduction. Indicate the reactions and give the structure of mescaline
Mescaline produces a wide range of psychoactive effects when ingested, including altered perception of reality, hallucinations, and euphoria. It is a powerful psychedelic drug that has been used for centuries by Native American tribes in spiritual ceremonies
Mescaline is a hallucinogenic alkaloid that is derived from the Peyote cactus. Mescaline is a complex organic molecule that can be synthesized in the laboratory from 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl bromide in two steps.The first step involves nucleophilic substitution using sodium cyanide, and the second step is a reduction using lithium aluminum hydride (LAH).Here's how mescaline can be synthesized from 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl bromide:Step 1: Nucleophilic substitution using sodium cyanideThe reaction of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl bromide with sodium cyanide results in the formation of the nitrile derivative. NaCN serves as the nucleophile in this reaction, and it replaces the bromide ion.The mechanism for this reaction involves the following steps: A nucleophilic attack by the cyanide ion on the benzyl bromide. The carbon-bromine bond breaks, and the benzyl cation is formed. A second nucleophilic attack by the cyanide ion occurs on the benzyl cation, resulting in the formation of the nitrile derivative.Here's the reaction equation for this step:Step 2: Reduction using lithium aluminum hydrideThe next step is the reduction of the nitrile derivative using LAH. LAH serves as a strong reducing agent in this reaction and reduces the nitrile derivative to the amine. The mechanism for this reaction involves the following steps: A nucleophilic attack by LAH on the nitrile derivative. This results in the formation of an imine intermediate. The imine intermediate reacts with another LAH molecule, resulting in the formation of the amine.Here's the reaction equation for this step:Mescaline structure: Mescaline is a psychoactive compound that belongs to the phenethylamine class of alkaloids. The structure of mescaline is as follows: The molecule has three methoxy groups attached to the benzene ring, and it has an amine functional group. The molecule is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and alcohol.
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What happens to the amount of solution when we add food colour to it?
Answer:
We need more? What else is in the question? This is unanswerable.
Explanation:
whai is the maining of science?
Answer:
the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.
Explanation:
what is the formula for copper (ll) iodate
why organic chemistry is based on carbon?
Answer:
Life is based on carbon; organic chemistry studies compounds in which carbon is a central element. The properties of carbon make it the backbone of the organic molecules which form living matter. Carbon is a such a versatile element because it can form four covalent bonds.
Explanation:
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Organic chemistry is based on carbon because the property of carbon catenation is tetravalent due to which most of the organic compounds are carbon compounds.
Why is organic chemistry called carbon chemistry?Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies carbonic compounds or organic compounds, which are those formed by carbon atoms. In short, organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds.
The answer is based on the way carbon combines with other chemical elements to form molecules. For example, hydrogen atoms only bond to one atom, oxygen to two atoms. Carbon is a particularly versatile chemical element, as it can bond with four atoms at once.
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combustion always result in to formation of water. what other type of reactions may result into formation of water? examples of these reactions
As combustion always result into the formation of water, the other type of reactions that may result into formation of water are Acid-Base Neutralization Reactions and Hydrogen and Oxygen Reaction.
Acid-Base Neutralization Reactions:
A neutralisation reaction is a chemical process in which an acid and a base combine to produce salt and water as the end products.
H⁺ ions and OH⁻ ions combine to generate water during a neutralisation reaction. Acid-base neutralisation is the most common type of neutralisation reaction.
Example: Formation of Sodium Chloride (Common Salt):
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
Hydrogen and Oxygen Reaction:
Water vapour is created when hydrogen gas (H₂) and oxygen gas (O₂) are combined directly. This reaction produces a lot of heat and releases a lot of energy.
Example: 2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
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Calculate the number of moles of gas produced from the reaction of 2.00g of potassium with an excess amount of water.
The number of moles of gas produced from the reaction of 2.00g of potassium with an excess amount of water is 0.025 moles.
The reaction of potassium with an excess amount of water is:
2K + 2H\(_2\)O \(\rightarrow\) 2KOH + H\(_2\)
To calculate the moles of hydrogen gas first we need to calculate moles of potassium in 2.00g
No. of moles = (mass) / (molecular mass)
The mass given is 2.00 g and the Molecular mass is 39.09 units
∴ No. of moles = (2) / (39.09) = 0.05
From the above reaction, we get that 2 moles of potassium give 1 mole of hydrogen gas. Thus, 0.05 moles of potassium gives 0.025 moles of hydrogen gas.
Therefore, the no. of moles of hydrogen gas produced is 0.025 moles.
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In the Lewis structure for ICl2–, how many lone pairs of electrons are around the central iodine atom?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
e. 4
Answer:
where is rhe structure
S plus 11r minus fifteen
Answer:
s+11r-15
Explanation:
What is the melting point of the substance?
SOICHIOMETRY HOW MANY MOL OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE ARE REQUIRED TO PRODUCE 2.75 MOL NITRIC ACID? 3NO2+ H20→ 2HNO3+ NO
6.50 mo nitrogen dioxide
4.125 mol nitrogen dioxide
3.275 mol nitrogen dioxide
2.75 mol nitrogen dioxide
Answer: C
Explanation: Hope this help :D
Nuclear changes lab
How does energy change in these reactions? Is energy needed to start the reactions or is energy given off in the reactions? For each type of reaction, approximately how much energy is released?
How do these energy changes compare in scale to other types of reactions, such as chemical reactions?
Energy is released during nuclear reactions. To calculate energy changes, use the attached image below. Nuclear reactions produce far more energy than other types of reactions, such as chemical reactions.
What is nuclear reaction ?The term nuclear reaction is defined as a process in which two nuclei, or a nucleus and an external subatomic particle, collide to produce one or more new nuclides.
Normally, chemical reactions take place outside the nucleus. Nuclear reactions occur only within the nucleus. When chemical reactions occur, elements retain their identity, as do the nuclei of atoms.
Thus, in nuclear reactions, the nuclei of atoms undergo complete transformations, resulting in the formation of new elements.
The nuclear reactions are as follows:
Alpha decay - PO₈₄²°⁶⇒ ₈₂Pb²°⁶ + He⁴₂
Beta⁻ decay - Na²²₁₁ ⇒ Na ²²₁₀ + e°₋₁
Beta⁺ decay - Na²⁴₁₁ ⇒ Na₁₀²⁴ + e°₋₁+β
Gamma - CO⁶°₂₇ ⇒ Ni⁶⁰₂₆ + e°₋₁ +γ
Fission - U²³⁵₉₂ + n₀¹ ⇒ Ba¹⁴⁴₅₆ + Kr⁸⁹₃₆ +3n₀¹
Fusion- H₁² +H³₁ ⇒ He⁴₂ + n¹₀ +17.59MeV
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A chemical reaction occurs when
H2O(g) forms H2O(l)
O2(g) forms O3(g)
O2(l) forms O2(s)
H2O(l) forms H2O(s)
A chemical reaction occurs when: H2O g → H2O l -- Exothermic ; O2(g) forms O3(g)-- Endothermic ; O2(l) forms O2(s)-- Endothermic and H2O(l) forms H2O(s) -- Exothermic.
What are endothermic and exothermic reactions?When steam or water vapor condenses to liquid water, then heat is released. And, the process is called exothermic.
The substance changing from liquid to gas is an example of endothermic reaction. This is because it absorbs energy to change from liquid to gas. Movement of water from liquid to gas is an example of this type of reaction and when water changes from liquid to gas, this is called evaporation.
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Balance the following chemical equation:
Br2+
Nal-
NaBr
+
Answer:
2 NaI (aq) + Br2 (aq) → 2 NaBr (aq) + I2 (s)
This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction:
2 Br0 + 2 e- → 2 Br-I
(reduction)
2 I-I - 2 e- → 2 I0
(oxidation)
With enough ____________,
_______________, and
__________, the original
sedimentary or igneous rock is
changed to ______________ rock.
Answer: with enough heat, pressure, and time, the original sedimentary or igneous rock is changed to metamorphic rock.
Explanation: