How are we changing our interpretations of Judges in America and how does this change impact Judicial Independence?

Answers

Answer 1

The principle of state decides, which incorporates precedent, calls for courts to apply the law consistently in instances involving the same circumstances. According to some judges, precedent guarantees that people in comparable circumstances are handled equally rather than dependent on a specific judge's personal opinions.

What is judicial independence?

judicial independence, the capacity of courts and judges to carry out their responsibilities without interference from other parties, whether public or private. The phrase is also used normatively to describe the level of independence that judges and courts ought to have.

This uncertainty in the meaning of the phrase "judicial independence" has exacerbated disagreements and misunderstandings surrounding its correct definition, prompting some academics to wonder if the idea serves any practical analytical purposes. There are often two different sources of contention. The first is philosophical, in the sense that it is unclear what kind of independence courts and judges are permitted to have.

Therefore, according to some judges, precedent guarantees that people in comparable circumstances are handled equally rather than dependent on a specific judge's personal opinions.

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the buddha’s teachings challenged the moral authority of brahmans. which of these passages from primary source 5.3, the dhammapada, most clearly challenges their authority?

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The Buddha’s teachings challenged the moral authority of Brahmins. The passage that most clearly challenges their authority from primary source 5.3, the Dhammapada is: “Not by matted hair, nor by clan, nor by birth does one become a Brahmin.

But in whom there exists both truth and righteousness, pure is he, a Brahmin is he.”The Buddha’s teachings challenged the moral authority of the Brahmins. The Brahmins were a class of Indian society who held great power and privilege due to their priestly position and their claim to be the only ones capable of interpreting the sacred texts of the Hindu religion.The Buddha believed that anyone could achieve enlightenment, regardless of their caste or social status.

He believed that spiritual purity was determined by one’s actions and intentions, not by their birth or social status. This challenged the Brahmins' claim to moral authority and privilege.The passage from primary source 5.3, the Dhammapada that most clearly challenges the authority of the Brahmins is: “Not by matted hair, nor by clan, nor by birth does one become a Brahmin.This passage emphasizes the idea that a person's worth and spiritual purity is determined by their moral character and actions, not by their social status or physical appearance.

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what is birta abolition ?​

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Answer:

An act to abolish abortion Lands and Impose Land Tax Thereon. Preamble: Whereas, it is expedient to put an end to the feudal system of. utilizing land without paying any revenue to the State, in order to create feelings and a situation of equality among various classes of people.

marine debris mostly originates from oceangoing ships. true/false

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Marine debris mostly originates from oceangoing ships. False. Any solid, human made object that enters waterways either directly by pollution or passively through sewer pipes, and creeks is considered marine trash.

Sea-trash is classified as coming from the coast, the marine, or a calamity. While litter, gillnets, and many other items are lost out off shipping or structures at sea and risk ending up in the sea, ground ocean pollution is a result of activities which happen on land. Waves, streams, and cyclones all bring waste to the open sea. Natural resources are the source of marine garbage. All marine debris is human-made, with the bulk coming from ground and infiltrating the marine as a result of pollution.

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What thinkers’ ideas do you see reflected in the American Revolution, and the constitution and the system of government they created? Be specific!

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Thomas Paine and John Locke are the two most influent philosopher whose ideas are reflected in american revolution

Thomas paine authored two books

1) Common sense

2) The american crisis

These two books influent most of the american people. Common sense is the first pamphlet which advocated American independence and he also talks about the The rights of the men

John Locke believed people are born free and equal with 3 natural rights

1) life

2) liberty

3) property

Locke's theory had a deep influence on modern political thinking, which directly influenced the American Revolution and he is also known as father of liberalism.

Also because of his law of social contract and theory of right to revolution he is regarded as one of the father of american revolution .

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Friendships are especially important in children's and adolescents' social development because youngsters:

Answers

Answer:

get to feel happy and appreciated

Explanation:

Which idea was the pentition of right most directly responsible for

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the Petition of Right was primarily responsible for promoting and safeguarding individual rights, including the principle of habeas corpus, the requirement of parliamentary consent for taxation, and the protection against the abuse of martial law and quartering of soldiers. It was a pivotal document that laid the foundation for constitutionalism, limited government, and the protection of fundamental rights in England.

The Petition of Right, enacted in 1628 in England, was a document that sought to limit the power of the monarchy and protect the rights and liberties of the people. It was a response to the oppressive rule of King Charles I and his disregard for the rights of the subjects. The Petition of Right had significant implications and was directly responsible for the protection of several fundamental rights.

One of the key ideas addressed in the Petition of Right was the principle of habeas corpus. This principle ensures that individuals cannot be unlawfully detained or imprisoned without sufficient legal justification. The petition demanded that no free man should be imprisoned without due process of law, emphasizing the importance of individual rights and the rule of law. The inclusion of habeas corpus in the Petition of Right played a crucial role in safeguarding personal liberties and preventing arbitrary imprisonment.

Additionally, the Petition of Right sought to address the issue of taxation without consent. It stated that the king could not impose or collect taxes without the approval of Parliament. This principle of parliamentary consent for taxation became a cornerstone of representative government and the limitation of royal authority. It established the idea that the power to tax rests with the representatives of the people, ensuring that the monarch could not impose excessive financial burdens on the subjects without their consent.

Furthermore, the Petition of Right aimed to curb the abuse of martial law and the quartering of soldiers in private homes. It asserted that martial law should not be declared in peacetime and that soldiers should not be billeted in private residences without the consent of the owner. These provisions protected individuals from arbitrary military actions and invasions of privacy, emphasizing the importance of civil liberties and the limitation of military power.

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To create a system that benefited the people, which policy did the Populists support?

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Government- owned banks

describe the ethical foundations and approaches that underline modern codes of ethics

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Modern codes of ethics are built upon ethical foundations and approaches that guide individuals and organizations in making ethical decisions and actions.

These foundations include principles such as respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Various approaches, such as consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics, provide frameworks for ethical decision-making. Ethical foundations form the basis of modern codes of ethics and encompass fundamental principles that guide ethical behavior. Respect for autonomy recognizes the importance of individual freedom and the right to make informed choices. Beneficence focuses on promoting the well-being of others, while nonmaleficence emphasizes the duty to do no harm. Justice emphasizes fairness, equality, and the equitable distribution of resources and opportunities.

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Using four or more complete sentences, describe the three types of laws used by Middle Eastern governments.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The three types of laws used by Middle Eastern governments are Sharia, tribal, and civil laws. Most Middle Eastern governments use a combination of these three types of laws to form their legal systems. Sharia is Islamic religious law based on the Qur'an and the teachings of Muhammad.

Answer:

The three types of laws used by Middle Eastern governments are Sharia, tribal, and civil laws.

Veronica spent three years fighting cancer before dying. As a result of her prolonged death, her husband, Nelson, prepared emotionally for it and acknowledged that the loss was inevitable. Nelson engaged in __________.

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Answer: Anticipatory grieving

Explanation: When an event is being anticipated, it simply means an event that has been coming or one which an individual is expectant of. In the scenario above, Veronica who happens to be Nelson's wife was plagued with cancer which happens to be a sort of terminal disease. Due to the nature of the disease and prolonged length of her death, Nelson was already planning or predicting the death of Veronica as he has doubts over her survival. The emotional Preparedness which Nelson made over his wife's death is called anticipatory grieving.

Why can’t congress get anything done

Answers

i dont know, just t ask the president of united states to tell u

Evaluate two reasons why people should support entrepreneurs in their communities

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Two reasons why people should support entrepreneurs in their communities:

1) Economic growth: Entrepreneurs are the driving force behind economic growth in communities. By starting new businesses or expanding existing ones, entrepreneurs create jobs, generate tax revenues, and stimulate economic activity in their communities. This, in turn, can lead to a higher standard of living for community members, as well as increased opportunities for investment and innovation.

2) Social impact: Entrepreneurs often create businesses with a social impact in mind, such as improving the environment, addressing social issues, or promoting community development. By supporting these entrepreneurs, community members can help to further these social goals and create positive change in their communities. Additionally, entrepreneurs often contribute to their communities in other ways, such as through philanthropy, volunteer work, or serving on local boards and committees.

Overall, supporting entrepreneurs in their communities can have significant economic and social benefits, making it an important priority for individuals, businesses, and local governments alike.

With reference to any TWO common forces of changes in your business environment, critically analyse the relevance of Chaos Theory in managing unplanned change for the organisations to remain competitive in the face of new entrants in the market.

Answers

In the business environment, two common forces of change are technological advancements and market competition. Technological advancements constantly introduce new tools, systems, and processes that can disrupt traditional business models.

Market competition, on the other hand, arises from the entry of new players, changing customer preferences, and evolving industry dynamics. To remain competitive in the face of these changes, organizations can benefit from embracing Chaos Theory as a framework for managing unplanned change effectively.

Chaos Theory suggests that complex systems, such as business environments, are inherently unpredictable and exhibit non-linear behavior. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of various factors and the potential for small changes to have significant and unpredictable impacts. In managing unplanned change, Chaos Theory offers several relevant insights:

Sensitivity to Initial Conditions: Chaos Theory highlights the importance of initial conditions in determining the future state of a system. In the context of managing unplanned change, organizations need to be attentive to early signals and emerging trends. By closely monitoring the business environment, they can identify and respond to potential disruptions proactively. This sensitivity helps organizations adapt quickly to changing circumstances and gain a competitive edge.

Non-linear Dynamics: Chaos Theory recognizes that small changes can lead to significant and disproportionate outcomes. In the face of new entrants in the market, organizations need to be agile and responsive to rapidly evolving customer needs and preferences. By embracing non-linear thinking, they can identify and capitalize on unexpected opportunities or adjust their strategies to counter emerging threats. This flexibility enables organizations to navigate through uncertainty and maintain their competitive position.

By applying Chaos Theory principles, organizations can adopt the following strategies to manage unplanned change:

Embrace experimentation and innovation: Rather than relying solely on rigid strategic plans, organizations can foster a culture of experimentation and encourage employees to explore new ideas and approaches. This adaptive mindset allows them to respond quickly to unexpected changes and identify innovative solutions.

Build organizational resilience: Recognizing the unpredictability of the business environment, organizations can invest in building resilience. This involves developing diverse talent pools, fostering collaboration and cross-functional communication, and cultivating a learning culture. Resilient organizations can effectively adapt to change, capitalize on opportunities, and mitigate potential risks.

Foster a networked ecosystem: To stay competitive in the face of new entrants, organizations can form strategic alliances, partnerships, and collaborations. By leveraging the strengths of different players within their ecosystem, organizations can access new resources, technologies, and markets. This networked approach enhances their ability to adapt to change, share knowledge, and create value collectively.

In conclusion, Chaos Theory provides valuable insights for managing unplanned change in the face of new market entrants. By embracing the principles of Chaos Theory, organizations can develop the agility, adaptability, and resilience needed to navigate the unpredictable business environment. Through sensitivity to initial conditions, non-linear thinking, and the adoption of relevant strategies, organizations can effectively manage unplanned change and remain competitive in dynamic markets.

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When loretta uses knowledge that was acquired through experience, she probably relies most heavily on her _____ intelligence.

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When loretta uses knowledge that was acquired through experience, she probably relies MOST heavily on her crystallized intelligence.

What is crystallized intelligence?

Intelligence that has crystallized includes knowledge derived from earlier education and experiences. Exams that measure vocabulary and reading comprehension are examples of situations that call for crystallized intelligence.

Facts and experiences serve as the foundation for crystallized intellect. Crystallized intelligence grows more potent as we get older and learn new things.

This kind of intelligence tends to get better with age, as you might imagine. Your intelligence becomes more crystallized as you gain knowledge and experience.

What is fluid intelligence?

Fluid intelligence, according to Cattell, is "the capacity to perceive relationships without reference to specific precise or teaching regarding those links."

The ability to think and reason abstractly and to solve issues is a component of fluid intelligence. This aptitude is seen as unrelated to education, training, or experience.

Making up problem-solving solutions and resolving problems are two instances of using fluid intelligence.

The capacity to reason and solve issues without reference to prior information is a component of this type of intelligence.

You must use fluid intelligence to find solutions when you run into brand-new issues that your prior expertise is unable to address.

In late age, fluid intelligence typically begins to deteriorate. As people enter older age, certain cognitive abilities linked to fluid intelligence start to deteriorate.

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G
The school in Kenya described in the online article was very different from a typical school in the United States, but there
were some similarities. All of the following were described in the article except
A most students live away from their families, either in a dorm or in their own apartment
B. the students go to school in a big city
C. the students help to cook meals in the cafeteria
D. the students' favorite activities include soccer and basketball
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
B
D
Save and Exit

Answers

The answer is B because it makes sense

does warm or cold air have the highest saturation mixing ratio

Answers

The saturation mixing ratio is higher in warm air than in cold air. When the temperature rises, the amount of water vapor the atmosphere can hold rises, which is why warm air has a higher saturation mixing ratio than cold air.

The amount of water vapor required for the air to be saturated with respect to liquid water at a given temperature is referred to as the saturation mixing ratio (SMR). It's normally expressed in grams of water vapor per kilogram of dry air (g/kg).When the saturation mixing ratio is high, it indicates that the air is nearly saturated with water vapor. Conversely, a low saturation mixing ratio indicates that the air has very little moisture in it.

Temperature is one of the most important factors that influence the saturation mixing ratio. When the temperature increases, the amount of water vapor the atmosphere can hold increases. When the temperature falls, the amount of water vapor the air can hold decreases.

In general, the warmer the air, the greater the saturation mixing ratio. This is due to the fact that warm air can accommodate more moisture than cold air. As a result, warm air has a higher saturation mixing ratio than cold air.

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In Italy, Mussolini mainly used propaganda to

O create an idea of him being larger than life.
O make himself relatable to the common people.
O investigate his political rivals and hunt them down.
O provide factual information to the country’s citizens.

Answers

Answer: make himself relatable to the common people.

Explanation: I study history

Who said you Cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today?

Answers

The quote "You cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today" is often attributed to Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States.

However, it is worth noting that there are variations of this quote, and its exact origin and wording may have evolved over time. Nonetheless, the sentiment expressed in the quote emphasizes the importance of addressing and facing responsibilities in the present rather than avoiding or postponing them, as they will eventually catch up with us in the future.

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Which type of local government does this map of Washington show?

the special voting districts that have been created across the state
the areas that were established by charters during colonization
the locations of all of the municipalities in the state
the divisions that make up the county system

Answers

Answer:

Political divisions of the United States are the various recognized governing entities that together form the United States – states, the District of Columbia, territories and Indian reservations. The primary first-level political division of the United States is the state. ... All state governments are modeled after the federal government and consist

Explanation:

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20 POINTS I NEED HELP NOW


It’s the year 1200 BC. A man is sitting in his home waiting for a few guests. The man is expecting the family of the young man who hopefully will marry his oldest daughter. The man’s daughter is not at home. She’s away teaching young children the art of the cuneiform script. The man is glad that his daughter has given up the ambition of becoming a priestess and is now willing to get married. The man is hoping to settle the matter of the bride-price with the young man’s family so that the couple can get married soon.



Based on the passage, which civilization does the man belong to?

Group of answer choices

A. Sumerian civilization

B. Assyrian civilization

C. Hittite civilization

D. Babylonian civilization

Answers

Answer:

It's sumerian

Explanation: becuase sumerians have cuneiform writing

what prominent journalist and host of the public affairs program see it now helped to expose the senator in charge of blacklisting entertainment professionals?

Answers

American broadcast journalist and war correspondent Edward Roscoe Murrow was born Egbert Roscoe Murrow on April 25, 1908, and he passed away on April 27, 1965. He rose to fame for the first time during World War II thanks to several live radio broadcasts from Europe for CBS News.

What did McCarthy do and who was he?

From 1947 until his passing in 1957, Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who represented Wisconsin as a Republican in the U.S. Senate.

Who advocated for McCarthyism?

The American Legion and other anti-communist organizations were among the many organizations that supported McCarthyism. An important source of support came from a number of fiercely anti-communist women's organizations, including the American Public Relations Forum and the Minute Women of the U.S.A.

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how does this issue relate to social sciences and the ""family and human ecosystems"" model?

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This issue relates to social sciences and the "family and human ecosystems" model by considering the broader social context and ecological influences on family dynamics.

The "family and human ecosystems" model is a framework used in social sciences to understand the intricate relationships between families and the larger social and environmental systems in which they exist. This model recognizes that family dynamics are shaped by multiple factors, including socio-cultural, economic, political, and environmental influences. The issue at hand, when viewed through the lens of social sciences and the "family and human ecosystems" model, would involve examining how the specific issue is influenced by and, in turn, influences various social factors and ecological systems. This could include analyzing the impact of societal norms, cultural values, economic disparities, political policies, and environmental factors on families and their well-being. The model allows for a holistic understanding of the issue, considering the interconnectedness between individuals, families, communities, and broader societal structures.

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many cultures have sharded stories of a hero who goes on a quest, what would carl jung say this exemplifies

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There have a lot of stories about heroes who made huge impact in the world. Carl Jung will say that this exemplifies Archetypes.

Archetypes are known to be worldwide inborn models of individuals, character, or personalities often affects human behavior.

They were created by a Swiss psychiatrist called Carl Jung. It was him who said that these archetypes are the archaic forms of innate human knowledge that has been passed down from our forefathers.

Conclusively, In Jung's analogy, the archetypes stands for worldwide trends and images that are part of the collective unconsciousness.

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Which of the following areas was not importing food products from the middle colonies?
A. The eastern hemisphere
B.The colonists homelands
C. The islands of the Caribbean
D. Canada
I need help quick

Answers

D) Canada is the correct answer i believe

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Graduate, lead, and produce are all words whose meaning may vary as a result of inconsistent ____________ rules.

Answers

Graduate, lead, and produce are all words whose meaning may vary as a result of inconsistent pronunciation rules.

The English language can be challenging to learn due to its many rules and exceptions. One particular challenge is that the same spelling of a word can have different pronunciations and meanings.

For example, the word "graduate" can be pronounced with stress on either the first or second syllable, resulting in different meanings. When pronounced with stress on the first syllable, it means to receive a degree or diploma from a university.

On the other hand, when pronounced with stress on the second syllable, it means to move up to a higher level, such as graduating from a training program.

Similarly, the word "lead" can be pronounced with a short "e" sound or a long "e" sound. When pronounced with a short "e" sound, it refers to a metallic element, while when pronounced with a long "e" sound, it means to guide or direct a group of people.

Finally, the word "produce" can also have different pronunciations that result in different meanings. When pronounced with stress on the first syllable, it means to create or manufacture something.

However, when pronounced with stress on the second syllable, it refers to agricultural products, such as fruits and vegetables.

These inconsistencies in pronunciation can be confusing for both native speakers and language learners, but understanding these differences can lead to improved communication and comprehension.

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Of the questions below, which is the one that is the least likely to be an inherent issue in front of that audience (conservative, white, rural texas voters)?

Answers

Answer:

Rural Texas voters.

Explanation:

The audience can be very sensitive to the content they see. There are many inherent issues that need be addressed before finalizing any play in the theater. The audience can be conservative therefore content should not be really provocative which the audience hates to watch. Also there can issues white and black skinned people. If there jokes about white skinned people in the play they will not like the content and possible chances that they may report such content.

kholberg's stages of moral development are :

Answers

Explanation:

The theory of moral development indicating progression through the three levels of preconventional, conventional, and postconventional morality.

dennis is four months old. he holds his toys between his fingers and palm when he plays with them. he does not use his thumb even after his mother shows him how to hold something the right way. this is an example of .

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an ulnar grasp. A power grip called the ulnar grasp, often referred to as the crude palmar grasp, involves flexing the ring and pinky fingers around an object (Dosman et al., 2012).

A power grip is a style of grasp that includes the thumb and additional fingers, such as the palmar grasp and radial grasp.

The development of your baby's grip begins with this hold. When you offer her something, she will hold it in her palm and delicately wrap one or two of her fingers, except the thumb, around it.

At this time, she won't have a firm grasp on the item, and it could roll out of her hand. The thenar eminence or the palm is employed to apply counterpressure and stabilize the object even if the thumb's flexion is not involved in the ulnar hold.

The ulnar grip, which normally appears during the fifth or sixth month of development, is the first kind of voluntary grasp that originates after the integration of the palmar grasp reflex. Despite the fact that the ulnar grasp is useless for retaining objects and improving precision.

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Select ALL of the choice options that would NOT bind directly to metabotropic taste receptors O Spices (ex. garlic ) O Capsaicin O Glycine O All of the choice options would bind directly to metabotropic taste receptors O L-Glutamate

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The correct  options that would NOT bind directly to metabotropic taste receptors are: A. Spices (ex. garlic) B. Capsaicin. These substances do not directly bind to metabotropic taste receptors.

Metabotropic refers to a type of receptor found in the human body, particularly in sensory systems such as taste and smell. Unlike ionotropic receptors that directly open ion channels upon activation, metabotropic receptors work indirectly through intracellular signaling pathways. They are coupled to G-proteins, which transmit signals from the receptor to intracellular effectors, initiating a cascade of events that ultimately result in cellular responses.

Metabotropic receptors play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including taste perception, neurotransmission, hormone regulation, and cell signaling. In the context of taste, metabotropic taste receptors are responsible for detecting and transducing signals from different taste molecules, such as sweet, bitter, umami, sour, and salty compounds. Upon binding of a tastant, these receptors trigger signaling pathways that lead to the perception of taste and the initiation of appropriate physiological responses.

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Complete Question -

Select ALL of the choice options that would NOT bind directly to metabotropic taste receptors A. Spices (ex. garlic ) B. Capsaicin C. Glycine D. All of the choice options would bind directly to metabotropic taste receptors E.  L-Glutamate

explain what looting is and why it presents a problem for archeologists.

Answers

Looting is basically stealing so it presents a problem for archeologist because people may try and loot things at a sight their at
Looting is when mobs of people trash or destroy either structural buildings or heritage sights. Archaeologists can therefore not accurately reconstruct ancient findings due to compromised areas.
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