Gabriel synthesis uses ___ to form amino acids. a. pthalimide b. malonic acid c. ethylamine d. phthalic anhydride

Answer:

Thermal energy typically flows from a warmer material to a cooler material.

Explanation:

Answer:

B. Gradualism

Explanation:

The substance that is a strong electrolyte in an aqueous solution is KI.

Strong electrolytes are substances that completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, resulting in a solution that can conduct electricity well.

KI is an ionic compound, meaning it is made up of a metal (potassium) and a nonmetal (iodide) that are held together by ionic bonds. When KI is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its ions (K+ and I-), which allows the solution to conduct electricity effectively.

The other options are, b. C2H6 (ethane), c. C6H6 (benzene), d. C8H18 (octane), and e. CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), are all non-electrolytes or weak electrolytes, as they do not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, and their solutions cannot conduct electricity well.

These substances are composed of nonmetal atoms and are held together by covalent bonds.

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Answer:

at room temperature: -water is in liquid state bcecause of which molecules are freely moving

at 0°C:- it is freezing pointof water in this state water molecule can't move due to which there is no collision and chemical reaction will not take place

Explanation:

if i m right than tag me brilliant

The difference is in the speed of the molecules. At 0°C, the molecules move more slowly than at room temperature as their potential energy decreases.

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The general formula used to obtain the frequency of a wave is;

v=λf

where;

v = speed of the wave

λ= wavelength of the wave

f= frequency of the wave.

Now, the speed and wavelength of light in various media are known.

If we plug the value of the speed of light and the wavelength of light into the formula given above, we can obtain the frequency of light.

The frequency of a photon of light can also be obtained from Plank's equation;

E= hf

where;

E =energy of the photon of light

h = Plank's constant

f= frequency of the photon.

This is used when the energy of the photon of light is supplied or can be calculated using the wavelength of light provided in the problem.

False. When a nonvolatile salt is dissolved in a liquid, the osmotic pressure does not increase.

Osmotic pressure depends on the concentration of solute particles, rather than their nature. Nonvolatile salts dissociate into ions in a liquid, and these ions contribute to the overall concentration of particles. However, since the salt is nonvolatile, it does not evaporate or escape from the solution, so the number of particles remains the same. Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the concentration of solute particles, so if the concentration doesn't change, the osmotic pressure will also remain constant.

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Answer:

Explanation:

1.0

⋅

10

−

7

Explanation:

Start by writing a balanced chemical equation for the partial ionization of the acid

HA

(aq]

+

H

2

O

(l]

⇌

A

−

(aq]

+

H

3

O

+

(aq]

Notice that you have

1

:

1

mole ratios across the board. For every mole of acid that ionizes in aqueous solution, you get one mole of its conjugate base and one mole of hydronium ions,

H

3

O

+

.

In other words, the equation produces equal concentrations of conjugate base and hydronium ions.

Now, you can use the pH of the solution to calculate the equilibrium concentration of the hydronium ions.

pH

=

−

log

(

[

H

3

O

+

]

)

⇒

[

H

3

O

+

]

=

10

−

pH

In your case, the pH of the solution is equal to

4

, which means that you'll have

[

H

3

O

+

]

=

10

−

4

M

By definition, the acid dissociation constant,

K

a

, will be equal to

K

a

=

[

A

−

]

⋅

[

H

3

O

+

]

[

HA

]

The expression for the acid dissociation constant is written using equilibrium concentrations. So, if the reaction produced a concentration of hydronium ions equal to

10

−

4

M

, it follows that it also produced a concentration of conjugate base equal to

10

−

4

M

.

Because the initial concentration of the acid is considerably higher than the concentrations of the conjugate base and hydronium ions, you can approximate it to be constant.

This means that the acid dissociation constant for this acid will be

K

a

=

10

−

4

⋅

10

−

4

0.100

=

1.0

⋅

10

−

7

This is the underlying concept behind an ICE table

HA

(aq]

+

H

2

O

(l]

⇌

A

−

(aq]

+

H

3

O

+

(aq]

I

0.100

0

0

C

(

−

x

)

(

+

x

)

(

+

x

)

E

0.100

−

x

x

x

Here

x

represents the equilibrium concentration for the conjugate acid and hydronium ions. Since you know that

x

=

10

−

4

, you will have

K

a

=

10

−

4

⋅

10

−

4

0.100

−

10

−

4

Once again, you can use

0.100

−

10

−

4

=

0.0999

≈

0.100

to get

K

a

=

10

−

8

0.100

=

1.0

⋅

10

−

7

No, Olympic cyclists do not fill their tires with helium to make them lighter.

The claim that Olympic cyclists fill their tires with helium to make them lighter is not accurate. While helium is indeed a lighter gas compared to air, it is not a practical or effective choice for filling bicycle tires. The main reason for this is that helium is an inefficient gas when it comes to maintaining tire pressure.

When a tire is inflated, the pressure inside is determined by factors such as the volume of the tire, the amount of gas, and the temperature. In the given scenario, the tire has a volume of 855 ml and is filled to a pressure of 125 psi (pounds per square inch) at a temperature of 23 degrees Celsius. Assuming an average molar mass for air of 28.8 g/mol, the main answer can be explained as follows:

Helium, with a molar mass of 4 g/mol, is lighter than air. However, the pressure inside the tire is determined by the number of gas molecules present, rather than their individual masses. Since the molar mass of air is higher than helium, fewer air molecules are needed to achieve the same pressure as a larger number of helium molecules. In other words, if the tire is filled with helium, it would require more helium molecules compared to air to achieve the same pressure of 125 psi. This would result in a larger volume of gas inside the tire, potentially leading to an overinflated and less stable tire.

Additionally, helium is known to have higher rates of leakage compared to air, which means the tire would lose pressure more quickly over time. This would require frequent re-inflation, making it impractical for competitive cyclists who need to maintain optimal tire pressure throughout a race.

In conclusion, while helium is a lighter gas than air, Olympic cyclists do not fill their tires with helium because it is not an efficient or practical choice for maintaining tire pressure.

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Answer:

Sudden decrease in the velocity at the boundary.

Explanation:

The shadow zone is the zone of the earth from angular distances of 104° to 140° from a known earthquake that does not directly receive any P waves. Now, this shadow zone occurs as a result of S waves getting stopped completely by the liquid core and the P waves being refracted by the liquid core.

From earlier seismic discoveries, this boundary which is the shadow zone that does not directly receive any P-waves was found to be due to the fact that the P-waves were refracted inwards as a result of the sudden decrease in velocity at the boundary.

Answer:

2

Explanation:

I'm not that sure plz tell me if this is right

Answer:

\( \: \: \: \: \)

correct me if I'm wrong

Answer:

Ne, Neon

Explanation:

The Flourine Anion (F-) has one more electron (more negative) than nuetral Flourine.

The electrion configuration of neutral floruine is 1s2 2s2 2p5

If we add one more electron, to get anion fluorine (F-)

We get:

1s2 2s2 2p6 (giving us 10 electrons)

Which also matches the electron configuration of Neon, Ne

Therefore, the temperature change in the water due to the sheer drop of 543ft is approximately 76.7°F.

The steady flow energy equation is given by the expression;

(P/γ) + (v²/2g) + Z = constant

Where P/γ is the pressure energy, v²/2g is the kinetic energy, and Z is the potential energy.

Since the flow of the water is steady, we can assume that the total energy at the top of the falls is equal to the total energy at the bottom of the falls.

Consider the top of the waterfall, where the potential energy is 0, and the water is at the initial temperature T1.

At the bottom of the waterfall, the kinetic energy is negligible compared to the potential energy.

Therefore, the energy equation can be simplified as;

0 + (v²/2g) + Z₂ = (P/γ) + 0 + Z₁

Where Z₂ is the elevation of the bottom of the waterfall, and Z₁ is the elevation of the top of the waterfall.

Assuming that the water temperature at the bottom of the waterfall is T2, we can calculate the temperature change in the water as;

T₂ - T₁ = (v²/2Cp)

where Cp is the specific heat of water.

To estimate the velocity of the water at the bottom of the falls, we can use the Bernoulli's equation, which relates the pressure energy and kinetic energy of the water.

P₁/γ + v₁²/2g = P₂/γ + v₂²/2g

where P₁ is the pressure at the top of the waterfall, P₂ is the pressure at the bottom of the waterfall, v₁ is the velocity of the water at the top of the waterfall, and v₂ is the velocity of the water at the bottom of the waterfall.

Since the waterfall is open to the atmosphere, we can assume that the pressure at the top and bottom of the waterfall is atmospheric pressure

(P₁ = P₂ = Patm).

Therefore, the Bernoulli's equation can be simplified as;

v₂²/2g = v₁²/2g + Z₂ - Z₁

The height of the waterfall is 543ft, which is equal to 165.5m.

Using this value, we can estimate the velocity of the water at the bottom of the waterfall as;

v₂²/2g = v₁²/2g + 165.5m

Solving for v₂, we get;

v₂ = √(v₁² + 2g*165.5m)

Substituting this value in the expression for temperature change, we get;

T₂ - T₁ = (v₁² + 2g*165.5m)/2Cp

Now, let's estimate the velocity of the water at the top of the waterfall. According to the information given in the problem, the waterfall has a sheer drop, which means that the water falls freely without any obstruction.

Therefore, we can assume that the water at the top of the waterfall is at rest, and the velocity at the bottom of the waterfall is equal to the free-fall velocity of an object dropped from a height of 543ft, which can be estimated using the equation;

v = √(2gh)

where h is the height of the fall. Substituting the values, we get;

v = √(2*9.81m/s²*165.5m)

v = 57.4m/s

Therefore, the temperature change in the water can be estimated as;

T₂ - T₁ = (57.4m/s)²/2Cp + 2*9.81m/s²*165.5m)/2Cp

T₂ - T₁ = 42.6°C or 76.7°F

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The percent by mass results obtained would be higher than the actual value. This is because the mass of the vinegar delivered was consistently less than the desired amount, resulting in a lower total mass of vinegar used in the calculation.

As a result, the ratio of the mass of acetic acid (the solute) to the total mass of the solution (solute + solvent) would be higher, leading to an overestimated percent by mass value.

In order to calculate the percent by mass of acetic acid in vinegar, one needs to know the mass of acetic acid and the total mass of the solution. The volume of vinegar is not directly related to its mass, as the density of vinegar may vary. Therefore, the student's incorrect pipet, which consistently delivered less vinegar than intended, would lead to a lower total mass of vinegar used in the calculation. As a result, the calculated percent by mass of acetic acid would be higher than the actual value. This is because the ratio of the mass of acetic acid to the total mass of the solution would be higher, as the denominator (total mass) is underestimated due to the consistently lower volume of vinegar delivered.

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The mass of the metal can be determined using the calorimetric equation. The specific heat of the metal is 0.780 J/degree Celsius and heat required is 45 J. Then, mass of the metal sample is 28.8  g.

Calorimetry is analytical tool used to measure the heat energy absorbed or released by a system. The calorimetric equation of heat energy q with mass m, specific heat c and temperature difference ΔT is:

q = m c  ΔT

Given ,

q = 45 J

c = 0.780 J/g℃

then, the mass m in grams is calculated as follows:

m = q/c  ΔT

m = 45 J/  0.780 J/g℃ × 2°C = 28.8 g.

Therefore, the mass of the metal with a specific heat of 0.780 J/g℃ requires 45.0 J of heat to raise the temperature by two degrees Celsius is 28.8 g.

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Answer:

Her speed is 6.8m/s.

Explanation:

K.E= 1/2mv²

or, 2543.2= 1/2×110×v²

or, 2543.2 = 55v²

or, 2543.2/55 = v²

or, 46.24 = v²

or, 6.8² = v²

v = 6.8 m/s

answer

6.8

explanation

k.e=1/2v^2

2543.2=55v^2

46.24=v^2

6.8^2=v^2

v=6.8

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The bond between magnesium atoms is a metallic bond while the bond within a crystal of aluminum iodide is an ionic bond.

A metallic crystal consists of a sea of electrons that are electrostatically attracted to positive metal ions. This is the nature of the bonding between magnesium atoms in a crystal of magnesium.

In aluminum iodide, there is a transfer of electrons from aluminium to iodine which is typical of an ionic bond. Electrostatic interaction holds oppositely charged ions together in the crystal of aluminum iodide.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

I just took the quiz on a pex

The electrode is the anode in a galvanic cell should be option d. The electrode with the highest oxidation potential.

The electrode should be lies in the left half-cell to represent the anode since oxidation should be arise here.

Here the flow of anions should be in the salt that bridges towards it. In the right half-cell that represent the cathode since the reduction arise here.

Hence, the option d is correct.

And the rest of the options are wrong.

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Answer

Based on the previous we can say that: The law of conservation of the mass states that the total mass will always stay the same during a chemical reaction. After the reaction, the vessel will have a mass equal to the initial 245 g.

Explanation

The Law of Conservation of Mass states that the mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. This means the mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction.

Based on the previous we can say that: The law of conservation of the mass states that the total mass will always stay the same during a chemical reaction.

After the reaction, the vessel will have a mass equal to the initial 245 g.

Answer:

C - 2 e- → C

Explanation:

2 NaHCO3 → 2 Na + H2O + -1 CO + 3 CO2

2 NaI + 2 e- → 2 Na0

C - 2e - C

The IUPAC name for the compound described is 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane.

Based on the description provided, the compound has a three-carbon backbone (CH3-CC-CH3) with a CH3 and an OH group attached to the second carbon.

The IUPAC name for this compound can be determined using the following steps:

1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain: In this case, the chain has three carbons.

2. Name the chain based on the number of carbons: A three-carbon chain is called "propane."

3. Identify and number the substituents: The CH3 group is a methyl group, and the OH group is a hydroxyl group. Both groups are attached to the second carbon (from left to right), so they will be designated as 2-methyl and 2-hydroxyl.

4. Alphabetize the substituents and combine them with the parent chain name: The compound is named 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane.

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I can give you some general information about acid deposition and its effects Acid deposition refers to the deposition of acidic substances from the atmosphere onto the Earth's surface, including land, water bodies.

and buildings. This can happen through precipitation such as rain, snow, and fog, as well as dry deposition through the deposition of acidic gases and particles. The effects of acid deposition can include damage to forests, crops, and other vegetation, as well as damage to buildings and infrastructure. It can also lead to acidification of lakes and streams, which can harm aquatic life.

Acid deposition refers to the process where acidic particles or gases are deposited on Earth's surface through rain, snow, fog, or dry particles. This occurs when sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are released into the atmosphere, primarily from burning fossil fuels. They react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form acidic compounds that fall to the ground.

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Based on the Ka and Kb values of the reactants, the Kc value of the given reaction is greater than 1.

The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of HSO4- is 1.2 × 10^-2.

The base dissociation constant, Kb for CH3CO2- is 5.6 × 10^-10

The given equation of reaction is as follows:

Substituting the Ka and Kb values:

Kc = 1.2 × 10^-2/5.6 × 10^-10

Kc = 2.14 × 10^7

Therefore, the Kc value of the given reaction is greater than 1.

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Based on these characteristics, the chemical compound described could potentially be sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). Sodium carbonate is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water, and has a pH around 8.

To identify a chemical composition based on the given characteristics, we can consider the properties and reactions described:

White, crystal solid, dry: This indicates that the compound is a solid substance with a white color and a crystalline structure when in a dry state.

Soluble: This suggests that the compound can dissolve in a solvent, indicating it is likely an ionic compound or a polar covalent compound.

pH ≈ 8: The pH value around 8 indicates that the compound is slightly basic.

Forms a gas when reacted with sulfuric acid and lit: This observation suggests that the compound reacts with sulfuric acid to produce a gas. It could potentially be an acid or a carbonate compound.

Forms a pasty precipitate when reacted with NaOH: The formation of a pasty precipitate indicates that the compound reacts with sodium hydroxide, likely forming an insoluble hydroxide compound.

When reacted with sulfite, it gives a holographic look and smells like chlorine: This characteristic suggests that the compound reacts with sulfite to produce chlorine gas, which exhibits a distinct odor.

Based on these characteristics, the chemical compound described could potentially be sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). Sodium carbonate is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water, and has a pH around 8. It reacts with sulfuric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas and water. It forms a pasty precipitate of sodium hydroxide when reacted with NaOH. When reacted with sulfite, it produces chlorine gas, which can give a holographic appearance and smell like chlorine. However, it is important to conduct further tests and confirmatory experiments to accurately identify the compound.

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Index fossils useful to geologists are (c) They tell the relative age of the rock in which they occur.

Index fossil are used to define geological periods. They are the fossils from the known period of time. To date a rock layer , geologist gave a relative age to a layer of rock at one location. Then they will give the same age to the matching layers of rock at another location. theses fossils called as index fossil nd they help the geologist to match the rock layers. To be used as an index for fossils.

Thus, Index fossils useful to geologists are (c) They tell the relative age of the rock in which they occur.

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Answer:

if ur here for the coffee one its between cola and acid rain

Explanation:

ur mom

Answer:

23%

Explanation:

Answer:

Sulphur

Explanation:

Sulphur evolves the elastics of rubber, therein by heating it to make it...Hot.

NaCl > NaBr > NaF The higher the charge and size of the ions that make up an ionic compound, the higher the melting point.

Electrostatic forces are forces of attraction or repulsion that act between objects that have static electric charges. These forces are created when electrons are either transferred or shared between two objects. Electrostatic forces can be very strong, even though the charges involved are typically very small.

NaCl has the highest charge and size, so it will have the highest melting point. NaBr has a slightly lower charge and size than NaCl, so it will have a lower melting point. Finally, NaF has the lowest charge and size of the three, so it will have the lowest melting point.

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Answer:

Radiation

Explanation:

While being beside a campfire, the heat is transmitted by radiation from fire.