Answers
Answer:
a. 2.4 x 10^-24 mol
b. 5.4 x 10^4
Explanation:
a. Mass of DNA (of 0.05µg)= 0.05µg x number of base pairs x 650Da
=0.05x300x650Da
(1 Da=1.67x10-24g)
=9750 x 1.67 x 10^-24
=16282.5 x 10^-19µg =1.62 x10^-21 g
No. of moles of insert DNA=mass of DNA(in g)/mass of one mole in g/mol
=1.6 x 10^-21g/660 g/mol
=2.4 x 10^-24 mol
Hence, moles of the insert DNA is calculated as 2.4 x 10^-24
b.
First of all, let us determine number of moles of vector to calculate the molar ratio.
No. of moles of vector=10 x 10^-9 x 2686 x 650 x 1.67 x 10-24/660
=2.68x6.5x1.67x10-27/660
=4.4 x 10^-29 mol
Molar ratio of insert to vector=2.4 x 10^-24/4.4x10^-29
=5.4 x 10^4
So, the molar ratio of the vector and insert as per the data is calculated as 5.4 x 10^4
Related Questions
Ribosome receive direction's from hereditary material to make certain.........
Answers
Answer: Proteins
Explanation:
The process where ribosomes use the mRNA to make proteins is called translation.
Ribosome receive direction's from hereditary material to make certain Protein
Ribosome is a Centre for the synthesis of proteins and they get their orders for protein synthesis from the nucleus.Messenger Ribonucleic Acid(mRNA) carries the genetic information to Ribosome where the information is translated to a functional protein, the information is translated using genetic code which are set of triplets codes that represent an amino acid. These amino acids are the building block of protein.
Therefore, Ribosome receive direction's from hereditary material to make certain Protein
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Function of the style
Answers
Answer:
One major function of the style is to assist with fertilization by being the location where pollen tubes travel to deliver sperm cells to the egg.
A postsynaptic neuron has an RMP of -70mV and a typical threshold of -55mV. It has three presynaptic inputs-from neurons X, Y, and Z. Stimulation of
neuron X causes the postsynaptic neuron to depolarize by 0.5 mV. When X and Y are stimulated simultaneously, the postsynaptic neuron depolarizes by
1 mV, If X fires 10 times and Y fires 10 times the result will be …
Multiple Choice
a subthreshold summation.
presynaptic inhibition.
threshold is reached and an AP is fired.
many APs are fired.
the membrane depolarizes.
Answers
When X fires 10 times and Y fires 10 times, the result will be a subthreshold summation.
Subthreshold summation happens when two or more presynaptic inputs that are sub-threshold (i.e., they cannot create an action potential) combine their effects on the postsynaptic neuron.
Here, the postsynaptic neuron has an RMP of -70mV and a typical threshold of -55mV. When neuron X is stimulated, it depolarizes by 0.5 mV.
When X and Y are stimulated simultaneously, the postsynaptic neuron depolarizes by 1 mV, which is sub-threshold (below -55mV).
Therefore, when X fires 10 times and Y fires 10 times, the postsynaptic neuron will experience subthreshold summation and no action potential will be fired.
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How would transcription be affected if a gene that needed to be expressed was missing its promotor?
Answers
Answer:
it can't be used to make a protein in that cell.
Explanation:
If a gene is not transcribed in a cell, it can't be used to make a protein in that cell. If a gene does get transcribed, it is likely going to be used to make a protein (expressed). In general, the more a gene is transcribed, the more protein that will be made.
The transcription is affected as when the gene has not been transcribed the protein will not make. When a gene is transcribed, protein synthesis can happen.
What is gene transcription?Gene expression begins with transcription. To create an RNA molecule, the DNA sequence of a gene must be copied. RNA polymerases, which join nucleotides to create an RNA strand, carry out transcription (using a DNA strand as a template).
A gene cannot be used to produce a protein in a cell if it is not transcribed there. If a gene gets transcribed, it will probably be used to produce a protein (expressed). In general, more protein will be produced the more a gene is transcribed.
Therefore, the transcription is impacted since the protein cannot be produced if the gene is not transcribed. Protein synthesis can take place when a gene is transcribed.
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what is chloride shift
Answers
2. Explain One summer vacation morning, the
weather was warm and humid. About 3:00,
heavy clouds formed, and then there was a
severe thunderstorm with rain and hail. After
the storm, the sun came out, but the tempera-
ture had dropped 15°C. Explain each change
in the day's weather.
Answers
The day-to-day change in the temperature of air on the Earth is controlled by the energies which are received and lost from the surface of the planet.
What is temperature change?
During summers, the sunrays hit Earth at a very steep angle. The sunlight does not spread out as much, thus increasing the amount of energy which is hitting any spot. Also, the long daylight hours allows Earth time to reach the warm temperatures.
The daily air temperatures at Earth's surface are in control of the incoming and outgoing energies. During the day, the temperature of air increases as energy gain exceeds the energy lost from the surface of Earth. And throughout the night, the air temperature decreases as the surface of Earth loses more energy than it receives.
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During the development of a hypothesis, it is important to make sure it meets certain criteria. Choose ALL of the characteristics which
would help to describe a good hypothesis?
A)
testable
B)
random guess
o
a tentative statement
D)
always found in the form of a question
E
ability to be supported or not supported by evidence
Answers
Answer:
This are the right answers
Explanation:
See
Which phase best descibes the rocks texture? Jagged grains, course grains, rounded grains, non banded grains.
Answers
Viruses CANNOT do which of the following? ((( a. Cause disease in humans / b. Cause disease in plants / c. Reproduce on their own / d. Live in bacteria )))
Answers
Answer:
C they cannot reproduce on their own. -w-
Explanation:
Answer:
The answer is C. Viruses cannot reproduce on their own.
Explanation:
Viruses can only replicate themselves by infecting a host cell and therefore cannot reproduce on their own.
Carbon atoms have four valence electrons. Oxygen atoms have six valence electrons. Carbon and oxygen can share electrons so that each atom obtains a full outer shell of 8 valence electrons. Draw the shared electrons on this diagram
Answers
Answer:
See explanation.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since both carbon and oxygen need to complete the octet, that is sharing eight electrons in total, since carbon has four valence electrons it has a double bond with one oxygen so it also allows the first oxygen to attain the octet; moreover, for the other oxygen, there also a double bond in order to complete the octet for carbon and for the second oxygen as shown on the attached picture.
Best regards.
When does the Northern Hemisphere receive the fewest direct rays from the Sun?
during the fall equinox
during the winter solstice
O during the spring equinox
during the summer solstice
0
Answers
Answer:
during the winter solstice is the correct answer
Explanation:
I took the test
During the winter solstice, the Northern Hemisphere receive the fewest direct rays from the Sun.
When does the Northern Hemisphere receive the fewest direct rays from the Sun?During the winter solstice, the sun's rays strike the Northern Hemisphere at the smallest angle which results in the fewest number of daylight hours in Northern Hemisphere.
So we can conclude that during the winter solstice, the Northern Hemisphere receive the fewest direct rays from the Sun.
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A nickle would have a mass closest to?
Answers
Answer:
A nickel would have a mass closest to an atom
Explanation:
A nickels mass is 58.6934 which is the same atomic mass as atom
In E. coli bacteria, the lac operon contains genes that code for enzymes that break down lactose. Which statement describes when the genes in the lac operon are expressed?
Answers
The genes in the lac operon are expressed when lactose is present and the repressor protein is unable to bind to the operator region.
In E. coli bacteria, the lac operon contains genes that code for enzymes involved in lactose metabolism. The lac operon is a regulatory system that controls the expression of these genes. The expression of the genes in the lac operon is tightly regulated and depends on the presence or absence of lactose and glucose in the environment.When lactose is present, it binds to the repressor protein (lac repressor), causing a conformational change in the repressor. This change prevents the repressor from binding to the operator region of the operon. As a result, RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter region and transcribe the genes, leading to the production of the enzymes that break down lactose.In the absence of lactose, the repressor protein binds to the operator region and blocks RNA polymerase from initiating transcription. This prevents the expression of the genes in the lac operon.For more questions on protein
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How do the baby’s respiration and circulation change when the baby is born?
Answers
Answer:
Oxygen and carbon dioxide flow through the blood in the placenta. Most of it goes to the heart and flows through the baby's body. At birth, the baby's lungs are filled with fluid. ... Increased oxygen in the lungs causes a decrease in blood flow resistance to the lungs.
(04.02 HC)
New findings suggest that, due to rising levels of carbon dioxide in the air and an increase in the acidity of the oceans, most coral reefs that exist today will disintegrate
by the end of the century. If carbon dioxide levels continue to rise, what is the most likely effect on marine organisms that rely on these reefs for food and shelter?
O Their numbers and diversity will be drastically reduced
O They will be able to use the area for shelter, but will have to travel to find food
O Their ability to reproduce will increase as competition for space decreases
O They will be forced to adapt to living in different areas
Answers
Option A. Their numbers and diversity will be drastically reduced
If carbon dioxide levels continue to rise and coral reefs disintegrate by the end of the century, the most likely effect on marine organisms that rely on these reefs for food and shelter would be a drastic reduction in their numbers and diversity (option a). Coral reefs serve as crucial habitats and nurseries for a wide range of marine organisms, including fish, invertebrates, and other species.
The disintegration of coral reefs would result in the loss of their structural complexity, which provides shelter, protection, and food sources for many organisms. Without the reefs, marine organisms would lose their primary habitats and face significant challenges in finding suitable alternatives. They may be forced to disperse over greater distances in search of food and shelter, which could result in increased predation risk, competition for limited resources, and reduced reproductive success.
Additionally, the decline of coral reefs would lead to a decline in available food sources, as the reefs support a diverse ecosystem with complex food webs. Organisms that rely directly or indirectly on the reefs for sustenance would face food scarcity and potential population declines.
Overall, the loss of coral reefs due to rising carbon dioxide levels would have a profound and negative impact on marine organisms, leading to reduced numbers and diversity, increased competition for resources, and potential disruptions to reproductive patterns. Therefore the correct option is A
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in which biome are minerals in the soil most rapidly depleted
Answers
Answer:
Boreal forest is among the largest terrestrial biomes on earth in which minerals in the soil most rapidly depleted.
Would you expect ribozymes in organisms that grow in very hot environments , such as hot springs or deep - sea vents , to have a high or low GC content ?
Answers
Answer:
yes I expect ribozymes in organisms that grow in very hot environments , such as hot springs or deep - sea vents.
With his microscope, Hooke was able to see
A. Cells in the scraping from Teeth
B. Moving things that seemed to be alive
C. Animalcules in droplets of water
D. tiny rectangular rooms that he called cells
Answers
D i think
I remember this from like 2 years ago so I'm sorry if my memory is a lil fuzzy
what satellites are used to study expanses of the oceans surface
Answers
Answer:
The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-16 (GOES-16) is the first of NOAA's next generation of geostationary weather satellites. Among the many missions of this satellite, it will collect ocean and climate data.
Explanation:
Using satellites, NOAA researchers closely study the ocean. Information gathered by satellites can tell us about ocean bathymetry, sea surface temperature, ocean color, coral reefs, and sea and lake ice. Scientists also use data collection systems on satellites to relay signals from transmitters on the ground to researchers in the field—used in applications such as measuring tidal heights and the migration of whales. Transmitters on satellites also relay position information from emergency beacons to help save lives when people are in distress on boats, airplanes, or in remote areas.
Answer:
A b c d?
Explanation:
A mother is feeding her infant a cultural dish that contains honey. How do you manage this situation in a culturally sensitive way while considering the safety of her infant?
Answers
The situation in which a mother is feeding her infant a cultural dish that contains honey has to be taken with great consideration. This is because it is a matter of the safety of an infant.
What are the steps required for the safety of infants?The steps required for the safety of infants are as follows:
Make a small diet plan for the infant.Do not leave your infant alone on the table, sofa, chair, etc. Always put your baby in a safe place when you are not able to hold him properly.Always follow systematic orders for vaccination.Ensure your child is hydrated all the time.Make possible events to prevent the entry of pathogens.In this situation, you have to acknowledge to the mother that this practice is not safe for the health of your infant and try to introduce some of the negative aspects of this action. Also, warn her not to proceed with this action in the future because child safety is of utmost importance.
Therefore, the situation in which a mother is feeding her infant a cultural dish that contains honey has to be taken with great consideration.
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What are the products of photosynthesis?
O A. C2H4O2 and H20
O B. C2H4O2 and 02
O C. C6H1206 and H20
O D. C6H1206 and 02
:)
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
am not really sure but the c6h12o6 actually stands for glucose
• Seasonal movement to a different geographical region where
conditions are more favorable
Answers
Answer:
Maybe a more warm location???
Explanation:
Arrange the events in photosynthesis in order, with the first event at the top and the last event at the bottom.
Answers
Photosynthesis involves Light-dependent reactions, which are the noncyclic pathway, and the light-independent reactions, known as Calvin cycle. The sequence of events is described below.
NOTE: Since I could not find the complete question, I will provide a complete explanation of how photosynthesis occurs, so you will be able to arrange the events in your statement in the correct order.
What is the photosynthetic sequence of events?Photosynthesis involves two stages: light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTION
It occurs in the thylakoids of chloroplasts. Involves the noncyclic pathway which is a flow of electrons along a chain located in the thylakoid membrane.
Photosynthetic pigments are in charge of light absorption. When sunlight reaches the pigments, electrons get excited and move along the electron transport chain.
During these reactions, oxygen is released, while ATP and NADPH are produced. Both of them are used during light-independent reactions.
LIGHT-INDEPENDENT REACTION
Light-independent reaction is known as the Calvin cycle, and it takes place in the stroma.
During the Calvin cycle, sugars or carbohydrates are synthesized.
When carbon dioxide, CO₂, enters the leaves through stomas, it diffuses to the chloroplast stroma.
Carbon atoms fixate, meaning that they incorporate into organic molecules. These molecules are used to produce 3-C sugars.
The whole process is impulsed by ATP and NADPH coming from light-dependent reactions.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
⇒ THYLAKOID MEMBRANE: The steps of light-dependent reactions are the followings,
1) Luminous energy is trapped by chlorophyll in Photosystem II.
2) When the pigment molecules absorb light, electrons provided by water molecules get to a higher energy level.
3) The excited electrons go through the electron transport chain from Photosystem II to a less energetic level in photosystem I.
4) When the excited electrons leave photosystem II, they are replaced by new electrons extracted from the water molecules.
5) The absorbed luminous energy moves the electrons from the photosystem I to another electron acceptor, from where they get transported again and used to produce NADPH molecules.
6) When electrons leave Photosystem I, they are replaced by new electrons coming from photosystem II.
7) When the water molecule breaks down, hydrogen ions remain in the thylakoid lumen, from where they are pumped to the stroma by the ATP synthase.
8) The released energy is used to produce ATP molecules.
9) Hydrogen ions go back from the stroma to the thylakoid compartment.
⇒ STROMA: The steps of light-independent reactions are the followings,
1) During the carbon fixation phase, a CO₂ molecule combinates with a ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (5-C molecule) to form 6-C molecules, which will divide into two 3-phosphoglycerate molecules, 3-PGA (3-C molecules).
CO₂ + ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate ⟶ 6-C molecule ⟶ 2 3-PGA
2) During the reduction phase, ATP and NADPH are used to produce the sugar molecule glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) from 3-PGA molecules.
NADPH donates its electrons to turn 3-PGA into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, G3P.
3-PGA + ATP + NADPH ⟶ G3P + ADP + NADP⁺
3) During the regeneration phase,
some glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecules leave the cycle and go to the cytosol to form glucose.Other G3P get recycled to regenerate the RuBP acceptor. This last reaction needs ATP and a series of other reactions.When three CO₂ enter the cycle, 6 G3P are produced. One of them leaves the cycle, and the remaining five are recycled and generate three RuBP.
⇒ CYTOSOL
1) Once in the cytosol, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecules are used to form glucose and fructose.
2) These two molecules are the monosaccharides that form sucrose.
3) Once sucrose is formed, it is transported from the photosynthetic tissues to different parts of the plant by the phloem.
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group of students is walking in the park, and one of them takes a picture of a pollen grain that is being blown by the wind. What caption can the student use for this picture?
gene mutation in action
gene flow at work
genetic drift as it happens
natural selection in progress
Answers
Answer:The answer is "gene flow at work."
Explanation:
Below is a list of steps for performing a Northern blot. Place them in the correct order.
1. Size fractionate RNA by gel electrophoresis
2. Expose membrane to X-ray film
3. Wash off probe that is not bound by complementary base pairing.
4. Isolate cellular RNA
5. Incubate membrane with radioactive GAL gene
6. Grow yeast in galactose or glucose medium
7. Transfer RNA to an absorbent membrane by capillary action
Answers
The correct order of the steps for performing a Northern blot is: (6) Grow yeast in galactose or glucose medium; (4) Isolate cellular RNA; (1) Size fractionate RNA by gel electrophoresis; (7) Transfer RNA to an absorbent membrane by capillary action; (5) Incubate membrane with radioactive GAL gene; (3) Wash off probe that is not bound by complementary base pairing; (2) Expose membrane to X-ray film.
Northern Blot is the molecule biology technique used to detect the RNA molecules and study the process of gene expression. A specific RNA molecule can be detected by this technique among the mixture of RNAs.
Gel electrophoresis is another technique used to separate and visualize the DNA, RNA or proteins strands. The separation is done on the basis of size of the strands.
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Which of the following is NOT a non-pharmacological intervention to manage behavior challenges?
Musical activities
Administer an anti-psychotic
Reminiscent activities
Person-centered activities
Answers
Administer an anti-psychotic is not a non-pharmacological intervention to manage behavior challenges.
Nonpharmacological therapy includes music therapy, aromatherapy, art therapy, behavioral therapy, reality orientation, and physical exercises. A non-pharmaceutical intervention or non-pharmacological intervention (NPI) is any type of health intervention which is not primarily based on medication.
Non-pharmacological therapy has played an very important role in the cure of pain and is defined as a valuable approach, it also helps in lower the dosage of analgesic drugs , also helps to decrease the side effects, reducing drug dependency and reducing health maintenance costs.
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Why do different cells have different functions?
a All cells have the same functions.
b Because different cells have different genes.
c Because different cells have diferent DNA.
d Because different cells have different proteins.
Answers
Answer: its b
Explanation:
The student comes up with the following hypothesis: Hypothesis: If I increase the
temperature of the water, then the rate of cellular respiration will increase because the
yeast will be more active. For the lab report, what should the student state as their
problem/question they are trying to answer
Answers
Answer:
what happens to the rate of cellular respiration when the temperature of the water increases.
Explanation:
I'm not 100% sure but i think that, that is at least close to what you are looking for.
Did anaerobic or aerobic prokaryotes come first?
Answers
The anaerobes were the first bacteria to exist on Earth, around 3.8 billion years ago. At that time, there was no oxygen in the atmosphere, therefore anaerobes were the only organisms capable of surviving.
For at least the first 1.5 billion years of the history of life, bacteria have been the sole known occupants of the planet. According to genetic analyses, the earliest and most primitive bacterial lineages were anaerobic, and each lineage independently developed the capacity to thrive in the presence of oxygen. There wasn't a lot of oxygen gas in the first atmosphere. So much oxygen would have been taken prior to photosynthesis by diminished geothermal outputs and rock weathering.
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2
Select the correct answer.
Respiration is a process where many chemical bonds inside the body break and release energy. This energy is used to perform various activities such
as moving muscles. Explain the energy transformation in this process.
O
A.
Chemical energy from broken bonds is transformed into mechanical energy for muscles.
B. Mechanical energy from broken bonds is transformed into chemical energy for muscles.
C. Mechanical energy from broken bonds is transformed into electrical energy for muscles.
D. Heat energy from broken bonds is transformed into electrical energy for muscles.
Reset
Next
Answers
Respiration is a process where many chemical bonds inside the body break and release energy. This energy is used to perform various activities such as moving muscles. The energy transformation in this process option A.Chemical energy from broken bonds is transformed into mechanical energy for muscles.
Respiration is a complex metabolic process that occurs within living cells and involves the breakdown of glucose and other molecules to produce ATP. ATP is the primary energy currency of the cell, and it is used to power various cellular processes, including muscle contraction.
During respiration, the chemical bonds between the atoms in glucose and other molecules are broken down through a series of enzymatic reactions. These reactions release energy in the form of ATP. ATP is a high-energy molecule that can be used to fuel a variety of cellular processes, including muscle movement.
The energy transformation that occurs during respiration involves the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy. The chemical energy stored in the bonds of glucose and other molecules is released during the breakdown process and is used to generate ATP.
In summary, respiration involves the breakdown of chemical bonds in glucose and other molecules to produce ATP, which is used to power various cellular processes, including muscle contraction. The energy transformation that occurs during respiration involves the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy. The correct answer is option A.
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