From about 4 billion years ago to about 2.5 billion years ago, oxygen gas became more common in Earth's atmosphere. Oxygen was a toxic compound to most life forms from that time period. Today, oxygen is required by all but some of the most primitive life forms. Which statement best explains how early life forms that were harmed by oxygen evolved into today's life forms that require it?


Warming temperatures allowed the colonization of land environments, where oxygen was more plentiful.


Carbon dioxide-using species all became extinct, which allowed oxygen-using life forms to flourish in shallow oceans.


Over time, many species gradually adapted to a more oxygen-rich environment, allowing them to survive in shallow water and on land.


The growth of seas allowed early species to survive by using dissolved carbon dioxide in seawater rather than using it directly from the air.

Answer:

The ocean produces oxygen through the plants (phytoplankton, kelp, and algal plankton) that live in it. These plants produce oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis, a process which converts carbon dioxide and sunlight into sugars the organism can use for energy.

Explanation:

hope it helps

Answer:

this is a hard one

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

H

Answer:

A simple definition of biology is .

Biology is study of living organisms, And divided them in a proper species , division of their cell , and body inner texture is bilogy

Hope it's helpful for you

you know I love biology so much

Answer:

Explanation:

The choices provided are:

a.restaurants that use C-8-coated cookware

b.cookware manufacturers who make pans out of steel only

c.stores that sell C-8 nonstick cookware

d.individuals who use steel cookware at home

From these choices B is the correct answer.

Restaurants that use C-8 cookware will not profit from using it but will need to lose money by replacing the old C-8 coated cookware.

Stores that sell this nonstick cookware will also need to replace their inventory so they won't be making extra money, only losing it.

And individuals at home will still be using steel cookware and won't benefit or lose anything by this change with the regulations of the c-8 coated nonstick cookware.

Answer:

The A band stays the same width and, at full contraction, the thin filaments overlap. ... The I band contains only thin filaments and also shortens. The A band does not shorten—it remains the same length—but A bands of different sarcomeres move closer together during contraction, eventually disappearing.

The cell organelle that produces most of the energy for cell functioning and growth is mitochondria. Mitochondria is a double membrane organelle that varies in number in cells.

The highest number of mitochondria is found in:

Option C) Muscle cells

The function of mitochondria can be explained as:

Therefore, muscle cells have the highest number of mitochondria.

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When cattle ingest Bacillus anthracis endospores from contaminated soil or feed, the spores can survive in the acidic environment of the stomach and then germinate in the small intestine.

Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is the causative agent of anthrax, a potentially fatal disease in humans and animals. One of the unique features of B. anthracis is its ability to form endospores under adverse environmental conditions, such as nutrient depletion or exposure to harsh chemicals or radiation.

Endospores are highly resistant structures that can survive in the environment for long periods of time, even in extreme conditions such as high temperatures, low pH, and lack of nutrients. Endospores are produced by the bacterial cell as a protective mechanism to ensure the survival of the organism in hostile environments.

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The given statement "a neuron that releases a neurotransmitter onto multiple other neurons at the same time is an example of temporal summation" is False.

A neuron that releases a neurotransmitter onto multiple other neurons at the same time is an example of spatial summation, not temporal summation.

Temporal summation occurs when a neuron receives repeated signals from a single presynaptic neuron over a short period of time, resulting in the integration of those signals to generate a response.

In temporal summation, the presynaptic neuron fires multiple action potentials in rapid succession, leading to a cumulative effect on the postsynaptic neuron.

On the other hand, spatial summation involves the integration of signals from multiple presynaptic neurons that release neurotransmitters simultaneously onto a single postsynaptic neuron, resulting in the summation of their individual effects.

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If you bottled water from a local stream, the portion of the stream's load that would eventually settle out now that it is not moving is the suspended load. As a result, if you bottled water from a local stream, the portion of the stream's load that would eventually settle out now that it is not moving is the suspended load. Hence, option C is correct.

Suspended load is a term used in geology to describe small particles that are suspended within a stream's moving water and are kept from settling to the stream's bed by turbulence and currents. These particles range in size from clay to large sand grains and are held up in the water column by eddies, currents, and turbulence, which makes them appear to be in suspension. Suspended load is a crucial component of a river or stream's total load, which is the total quantity of material that a river or stream moves downstream. When the water flow decreases, the suspended load sinks to the bed and is deposited. As a result, if you bottled water from a local stream, the portion of the stream's load that would eventually settle out now that it is not moving is the suspended load. Hence, option C is correct.

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The frontal eye field (FEF) controls voluntary eye fixation. The FEF is located in the pre-central gyrus in the frontal lobe of the brain and is responsible for controlling the direction of gaze. It receives input from higher order visual areas and is connected to motor systems that control eye movements.

The FEF is an area of the prefrontal cortex that is involved in the control of visual attention and eye movements. It is responsible for initiating and controlling voluntary eye movements, such as saccades, which are rapid eye movements that shift the focus of attention from one point to another. The FEF also plays a role in the control of smooth pursuit eye movements, which are used to track moving objects.

In addition to the FEF, other areas of the brain, such as the superior colliculus and the parietal cortex, are also involved in the control of eye movements. However, the FEF is the primary area responsible for voluntary eye fixation.

In summary, voluntary eye fixation is controlled by the frontal eye fields of the brain, which are responsible for initiating and controlling voluntary eye movements.

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Answer:

Here is the plato answer !!!

   FS         fs       Fs       fS

fs FfSs    ffss     Ffss     ffSs

fs  FfSs    ffss     Ffss     ffSs

fs  FfSs    ffss     Ffss     ffSs

fs  FfSs    ffss     Ffss     ffSs

According to the Punnett square, 4/16       plants will have red flowers and green seeds.

So, (4 ÷16) × 100 = 25% chance of obtaining offspring with red flower and green seed.

Explanation: It's 100% right.

Answer:

The answer is in the picture.

Hope this helps!

Explanation:

Answer:

carbon dioxide,water,sunlight,chlorophyl

Result of pumping large amounts of water from an underground aquifer is that A, the aquifer becomes depleted more rapidly than rain or rivers can recharge it, forcing other sources of water to be tapped.

An aquifer is a layer of permeable rock, soil, or sediment that contains and transmits groundwater, which is used as a source of drinking water, irrigation water, and for industrial purposes.

Aquifers provide a vital source of water for many people and ecosystems around the world. They can be replenished naturally through precipitation or artificially through injection of treated wastewater or other sources of water.

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Image transcribed:

A possible result of pumping large amounts of water from an underground aquifer is that

A the aquifer becomes depleted more rapidly than rain or rivers can recharge it, forcing other sources of water to be tapped.

B farms may produce fewer crops, as groundwater depletes.

C the recharge zone for groundwater shrinks and the aquifer becomes permanently dry.

D groundwater stops being collected

Answer: it's B i think i hope it helps

Answer:

Hello the correct answers are......

Classify the sets of bones below as being part of the axial skeleton or the appendicular skeleton.

✔ appendicular skeleton = hands and feet

✔ axial skeleton  = sternum

✔ axial skeleton  = skull

✔ appendicular skeleton = hips

✔ axial skeleton = ribs

✔ appendicular skeleton = shoulders

✔ appendicular skeleton  = arms and legs

✔ axial skeleton  = vertebral column

Explanation:

just took the test from edge

hope this helps :P

Hii!! (: The correct answers are:

✔ appendicular skeleton - hands and feet

✔ axial skeleton - sternum

✔ axial skeleton - skull

✔ appendicular skeleton - hips

✔ axial skeleton - ribs

✔ appendicular skeleton - shoulders

✔ appendicular skeleton - arms and legs

✔ axial skeleton - vertebral column

Answer:

Bacterias

Explanation:

Rhibozium is a famous bacteria which is usually associate with the bean. That's why beans have so much protein in their composition, altough they are plants:  the Rhibozium fixes Nytrogen which is used for assembling proteins.

There are also other bacterias which are important for the process, we call them nitrobacter. They're function is, bassicaly, to converts the fixed Nytrogen (in form of NH4+) into a more available form for plants.

Nerve tissue can be found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. The structure and coordination of bodily functions fall under its responsibility. Connective tissues that hold organ tissues together protect them.

The identification of thoughts and memories, as well as the modulation of emotions, depend heavily on nervous tissues. They also promote environmental awareness and muscle contraction. After receiving inputs from the body parts, like heat and pain feeling, it sends information to the brain and spinal cord.

Connective tissue holds the body's cells and organs together for support and protection, as its name suggests. Connective tissue is made up of a group of cells called the extracellular matrix.

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The correct question is-

what is the function of nerve tissue? Which tissue binds organs and tissues together for control and coordination movement protection?

Answer: D is the Answer

Explanation:

What is its function?

binding organs and tissues together

control and coordination

movement

protection

Before entering the citric acid cycle, also called the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA.

The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is an important step in cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells produce energy from glucose. Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, the first stage of cellular respiration, and must be converted to acetyl-CoA in order to enter the citric acid cycle.

The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by a multi-enzyme complex called the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. During this process, pyruvate is oxidized and loses a carbon dioxide molecule, forming a two-carbon molecule called acetyl-CoA.

Once pyruvate has been converted to acetyl-CoA, the acetyl group is combined with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which begins the citric acid cycle.

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Answer: It depends on the genotype of the parents. If one or more parent is TT, than all offspring will be tall. If both parents are Tt, than 75% of offspring will be tall, and 25% will be short.

Explanation:

The growth of myelin around axons speeds neurotransmission, enabling better communication between the frontal lobe and other brain regions.

A layer or sheath called myelin made up of protein and substances develop around nerve cells, including those in the brain and spinal cord.

Myelin can function as an insulator because of its low capacitance and high electrical resistance qualities. That’s why it is also called as an insulating layer.

Since axons are insulated by the myelin sheath, which makes it possible for them to carry electrical signals more quickly than they would be able to otherwise.

Thus, the speed of electrical transmission increases with an axon's degree of myelination.

These myelinated nerves can have a signal transmission speed of up to 100 m/s.

And this high speed of neurotransmission also enables better communication between the frontal lobe and other brain regions.

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Answer:

Sexual reproduction

Explanation:

Dud this in Biology last year in 9th grade

When the courts or legislators make law, they are guided by certain habits of mind and specific beliefs about human nature which is known as jurisprudence.

Jurisprudence refers to the philosophy or theory of law, encompassing the principles and beliefs that guide courts and legislators in making laws. It involves the study and interpretation of legal principles, concepts, and theories. Different schools of jurisprudence arise from varying habits of mind and beliefs about human nature, influencing the development and application of laws.

When courts or legislators make laws, their decisions and actions are influenced by certain habits of mind and specific beliefs about human nature. These factors shape their approach to interpreting laws, resolving legal disputes, and creating new legislation. The collective body of these guiding principles and beliefs is referred to as jurisprudence.

Jurisprudence encompasses a wide range of philosophical and theoretical perspectives on law, such as natural law, legal positivism, legal realism, and critical legal studies, among others. Each school of jurisprudence offers its own understanding of the nature of law, its purpose, and how it should be applied in society.

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The movement of the entire skeleton or skeletal elements utilizes the anchoring of muscles to attachment sites on the bones, which then serve as levers.

Muscles are anchored to tendon and fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Tendons may also attach muscles to structures such as the eyeball. A tendon serves to move the bone or structure.

Muscles attach to bones at locations called origins and Insertions. A skeletal muscle attaches to bone at two or more places. If the place is a bone that remains immobile for an action, the attachment is called an origin. When your muscle activates or bunches up, it pulls on the tendon. Tendons attach muscles to bones. The tendon pulls the bone and  make it move.

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Answer:

The last choice.

Explanation:

An enzyme is a protein that breaks down into nitrogen- based amino acids.

Yes, it is true that Ganoderma lucidum spore oil induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by activating caspase-3 and caspase-9.

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is a traditional Chinese medicine reported to have a variety of pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer activity.

G. lucidum spore oil (GLSO) is a lipid substance extracted from sporoderm-broken spore of G. lucidum. However, the effect of GLSO on breast cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear.

Aim of the study:

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of GLSO on breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo as well as to investigate the mechanistic basis for the anticancer effect of GLSO.

Results:

The results in vitro showed that GLSO up-regulated the expression of Bax and caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells, but had no effect on the expression of caspase-8.

Moreover, the growth of tumours in vivo was significantly suppressed in the GLSO-treated group. The results of Western blot were consistent with in vitro. In vitro, co-treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with caspase inhibitors reduced the inhibitory effect of GLSO on cell growth.

Conclusions: GLSO inhibits the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells and tumours in vivo by inducing apoptosis, which may be achieved through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

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Answer:

Organisms

Explanation:

Water, Minerals, and Air are the resources while Organisms are the ones that fight for those resources

If the gene E is maternally imprinted, Albert inherited the E+ allele from his father and the E- allele from his mother. This is because, in maternally imprinted genes, only the allele inherited from the father is expressed, while the allele inherited from the mother is silenced.

Since Albert expresses the phenotype of the recessive allele E-, which is inherited from his mother, we can conclude that the E+ allele, which is inherited from his father, is silenced. Therefore, Albert inherited the E+ allele from his father and the E- allele from his mother.

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