for a certain trait, a heterozygous individual has a selective advantage than a homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive individual. this is called

Alexander Fleming's revelation of penicillin features the fortunate idea of logical leap forwards and the potential for unforeseen revelations in startling spots.

Alexander Fleming's revelation of penicillin is a wonderful illustration of a serendipitous logical forward leap. While on vacation in 1928, bacteriologist Fleming left a Staphylococcus petri dish unattended on his laboratory bench.

Upon his return, he took note that a shape called Penicillium had sullied the dish, restraining the development of the microscopic organisms.

This chance perception has driven him to examine the mold's antibacterial properties, eventually driving the improvement of the primary anti-microbial, penicillin.

Fleming's unplanned disclosure upset medication, saving endless lives and introducing another period of anti-microbial medicines. It fills in as a strong sign of the potential for surprising revelations that can shape our reality.

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Adding antidepressants to the nicotine patches can also help smokers quit as nicotine replacement therapy can be used with antidepressants.

The nicotine patch is an FDA-approved medicine that helps people quit smoking. It can be used daily to control withdrawal symptoms, or it can be used with nicotine gum or lozenge which can be taken as needed for strong cravings.

Using the antidepressant bupropion makes it more likely that a person will successfully stop smoking.

There are many reasons to believe that antidepressants might help in smoking cessation. Nicotine withdrawal may produce depressive symptoms and in that case, antidepressants may relieve these.

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Answer:

just go with b i had this it was b

Explanation:

Answer: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Explanation:

Refer to the attached photo.

Carbon dioxide + Water + Light --> Glucose + Oxygen

Meiosis and Mitosis are both forms of cell division.

However, meiosis differs from mitosis in that it produces sex cells whereas mitosis produces somatic cells.

Meiosis occurs in the gonads while mitosis occurs in other body cells.

Cell division refers to the process by which the cells divide and produce new cells.

There are two forms of cell division, namely:

Meiosis is a form of cell division in which the chromosome number is halved as four daughter cells are produced from a single cell that divides.

Meiosis results in the production of sex cells which are haploid cells.

Meiosis occurs in the sex cells.

Mitosis is a form of cell division that results in the production of two daughter cells from a single parent cell.

In mitosis, the chromosome number is not halved, rather the cells produced are diploid cells.

Mitosis occurs in the somatic or body cells.

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Complete question:

Snow leopards live in the high reaches of the Himalayas and have several adaptations to deal with living most of the time in snow. They have wide paws with hair between the toes to allow them to run on top of the snow crust. Assume that wide paws (W) and hair between the toes (T) are both dominant traits and are on the same chromosome. Suppose that two snow leopards, heterozygous for both traits, mate. Suppose further that in the female, the two dominant alleles are on the same chromosome of the homologous pair, while in the male, each chromosome of the pair has one dominant and one recessive allele.

1) What percentage of each of the following genotypes will be produced?

2) How many of the offspring (assume 4 cubs) will have narrow paws with hair between the toes?

Answer:        

1) Percentage of each of the following genotypes

2)  Offspring with narrow pows: 1 of four individuals.

Explanation:

Available data:

Cross: Between two heterozygous individuals

Parental) WwTt      x       WwTt

Sex)        Female              Male

Gametes)  WT    wt        Wt     wT

Punnett square)

                 WT           wt

  Wt       WWTt       Wwtt

  wT       WwTT      wwTt

F1) Genotypes:

      Phenotypes:

Answer:

In mono-culture cultivation, a specific animal or plant category is produced in large amounts.

Explanation:

Although it is very successful, the development of a mass amount of a living individual in a region can threaten the life of a specific substance (because the massive number of organisms eat essentially the same thing) leading to societal judgments such as the establishment of the conservation group of cattle or other protecting the environment organisation

Answer:

People could choose to practice organic farming, heirloom plants, or use GMOs. Governments could pass laws to limit the use of monoculture farming. Governments could pass laws requiring people to use alternate farming methods.

Explanation:

got it right on edge

The global variation in sea level brought about by change in the volume of water occupying the ocean basins that is eustasy.

Sea level rise is therefore a climate change phenomenon that increases the volume of ocean water, primarily as a result of the melting of ice sheets and glaciers and the thermal expansion of water. Global sea levels are rising as a result of human-induced global warming, and the recent rate of rise is unprecedented in the last 2,500 years. Sea level rise is mainly caused by two factors related to global warming.

As the planet warms sea levels rise for two reasons. First, as temperatures rise land-based ice such as glaciers and ice sheets melt and the melted water flows into the sea causing sea levels to rise. Second warm water expands and takes up more space than cold water increasing the volume of ocean water. The major physical impacts of sea-level rise include coastal erosion, delta inundation, and flooding and loss of many wetlands and marshes.

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When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. The system is dynamic because individual molecules react continuously. It is at equilibrium because no net change occurs.

Answer:

A system in dynamic equilibrium will have small changes that sum together to produce no net change.

Explanation:

Dynamic Equilibrium Definition

A system in dynamic equilibrium will have small changes that sum together to produce no net change. Many biological systems are in dynamic equilibrium, from the water inside a cell, to the dynamic equilibrium experienced by populations of predators and prey. Dynamic equilibrium is different from a static equilibrium, in which the parts do not move once they’ve reached equilibrium.

Dynamic equilibrium has different meanings in each science sub-discipline, such as biochemistry or ecology. In chemistry, the equilibrium of a reaction is the point at which the products and reactants have the lowest free energy. The dynamic equilibrium, on the other hand, is the point at which products are being generated as fast as they are falling apart. This may not be the same as the chemical equilibrium, as enzymes force many reactions far past their natural equilibriums by making products faster than they break apart. Due to this, chemist often refer to dynamic equilibrium as a dynamic steady-state, to clearly differentiate between the two points in a reaction.

Ecologists and population biologists will often refer to dynamic equilibrium when talking about populations of organisms. When studying the number of organisms in a population over time, many factors affect the growth of a population. Often, populations will go through periods of boom and bust. Ample resources cause high reproduction rates in all animals, leading to a much higher population. When the resources are distributed among this higher number, there are not nearly enough resources to go around. Thus, the population dies off. Ecologist see these cycles as a dynamic equilibrium that the population is stuck in, never really gaining or losing large numbers of individuals.

Examples of Dynamic Equilibrium

Glucose in an Organism

Throughout your entire lifetime, the glucose levels in your body remain relatively the same. Over the course of a day however, your body uses enormous amounts of glucose and must replace it. Each cell in your body requires glucose to function. As the cells use this glucose, the liver and your digestive system work quickly to replace it. Glucose from the food you eat is moved from the stomach and intestines into the bloodstream. The liver stores glucose as glycogen, and must break this large molecule down to release glucose into the blood. In your body, glucose is in dynamic equilibrium. While glucose has periods of high and low concentration, it is relatively stable. If glucose levels in your body fall out of dynamic equilibrium, or you cannot replace the glucose you use, you would eventually die.

Predator-Prey Dynamics

Ecologists often study the relationships between multiple species and their effects on each other. One relationship in nature that often shows dynamic equilibrium is the predatory-prey dynamic. Imagine a nature reserve that only contains rabbits and wolves. As the rabbit population increases, it provides more food for the wolf population. This sets both populations into dynamic equilibrium. The wolves, reaping the benefits of the increased rabbit population, also start to reproduce more. After a period of time, the wolf population also starts to increase dramatically. As more wolves are born and eat the rabbits, their populations eventually level off. The wolves, still reproducing at high levels, eventually start decreasing the rabbit population, which cannot keep up. The rabbits decrease, and eventually the wolves are left without enough food to support a large population. This dynamic equilibrium of both populations is interesting because it shows a direct cause and effect relationship between different species in an ecosystem.

The muscle that has its origin on the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, the nuchal ligament, and spinous processes T1-T12 is the trapezius muscle.

The trapezius muscle is a large, triangular-shaped muscle that extends from the back of the skull down to the thoracic spine.

The muscle is involved in the movement and stabilization of the scapula (shoulder blade) and the cervical and thoracic spine.

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During a myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, there is a decrease in oxygen flow to the heart muscle, leading to cardiac cellular death. As a result of this cellular damage, a major electrolyte that is released into the bloodstream is potassium (K+). Potassium is an essential electrolyte involved in various physiological processes, including maintaining the electrical activity of the heart.

When myocardial cells are injured or die due to inadequate oxygen supply, the disruption of cell membranes allows the release of intracellular contents into the bloodstream. This includes potassium ions, which are normally present in higher concentrations inside the cells compared to the extracellular fluid. The release of potassium from damaged cardiac cells leads to an increase in the concentration of potassium ions in the bloodstream, a condition known as hyperkalemia.

Hyperkalemia can have significant effects on the electrical activity of the heart. It can disrupt the normal functioning of the heart's electrical system, potentially leading to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Prompt medical intervention is crucial to manage hyperkalemia and restore normal potassium levels in order to maintain the proper functioning of the heart.

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Even if all the cells have the same DNA they biochemical function are different, that's because differents sets of genes must be turned on and off in each cell type by the action of enzymes and other molecules. Each cell have the same 20,000 or so genes but they are biochemically selected by the action of molecules as hormones and chemical signaling. Therefore, different cells use different parts of the DNA code as directions.

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

I had to take it last year and it gets you ready for the harder science classes so to me it is important.

Answer:

yes It is important.......

Answer:

um u will prolly fall on your face and die hm yes die  

Explanation:

Answer:

:)

Explanation:

May I ask where you got the feet?

Or do you mean your feet.

If you mean your feet please refer to this link

h t t p s: / /w  w w . y o u t u b e . c o m / w a t c h ? v = X B 3 E Q r j 1 m a w

(remove the spaces on the, they won't let me include the link)

Answer:

Artificial selection is the process by which humans choose individual organisms with certain phenotypic trait values for breeding. If there is additive genetic variance for the selected trait, it will respond to the selection, that is, the trait will evolve.

Answer:

i’m not a 100% sure but i think it’s A

If you come across a cell that does not have a nucleus while looking at a drop of water using a microscope, you are most likely looking at a prokaryotic cell.

Prokaryotic cells are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are usually smaller and simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells have a circular DNA molecule that is located in the cytoplasm, and they may also have other small, circular DNA molecules called plasmids. They reproduce asexually through binary fission, and they are found in various environments such as soil, water, and the human body. Examples of prokaryotic cells include bacteria and archaea.
In summary, if you come across a cell without a nucleus in a drop of water using a microscope, it is most likely a prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are found in various environments and reproduce asexually through binary fission.

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Inactivation of a transporter in the presynaptic membrane would be expected to increase the levels of the transmitter in the synapse.

The presynaptic membrane contains transporters. The synaptic cleft is the place where the transporter works. Neurotransmitter is transported back into the cell and recycled. Because of the inactivation of a transporter in the presynaptic membrane, the transporter is no longer functional. As a result, neurotransmitters are not recycled and are trapped in the synapse. The concentration of neurotransmitters in the synapse is therefore raised.

The synaptic cleft is a gap between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron. When the presynaptic neuron is activated, it releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. Neurotransmitters travel from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron via the synaptic cleft. Transporters are in the presynaptic membrane and serve to transport neurotransmitters back to the cell to be recycled. If the transporter is inactivated, it will no longer be able to transport neurotransmitters back to the cell.

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) are important organelles in eukaryotic cells that play a vital role in the synthesis, modification, and transport of a variety of biomolecules, including lipids, steroids, and proteins.

If the ER and SER are removed from a human cell, the cell would not be able to synthesize phospholipids, a major component of cell membranes.

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules consisting of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. They are essential building blocks of cell membranes and play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the membrane, regulating cellular transport, and signaling.

The ER and SER are involved in the synthesis of phospholipids by providing the necessary enzymes and cofactors required for the biosynthesis of these molecules. Without the ER and SER, the cell would not be able to synthesize phospholipids, leading to a loss of membrane integrity and potentially causing the cell to lyse.

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Answer:

The chemical radiant or sound energy. If thats the way I should answer this question.

Answer: sexual reproduction or reproduction

Explanation: an organism combines the genetic information from each of its parents and is genetically unique.

Answer:

Gas exchange allows the body to replenish the oxygen and eliminate the carbon dioxide.

Answer:

How the gelatin is prepared can affect the result.

Explanation:

To perform this experiment efficiently, you need to prepare the jelly made from fresh fruit and the jelly made from canned fruit equally. That's because if you modify the ways of preparing the gelatins, they will show many differences and you won't be able to tell if this difference was caused only by the nature of the fruits, or by the way of preparation. Therefore, the way the gelatins were prepared can modify the experiment result and leave it imprecise and unreliable.

Answer: The genotypic ratio of the offspring is 1 Bb: 1 bb, and the phenotypic ratio is 1 Black hair: 1 White hair.

Explanation: In this monohybrid cross, where black hair is dominant to white hair in mice, we'll cross a heterozygous black mouse (Bb) with a white mouse (bb).

To determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring, we'll use Punnett square analysis:

Punnett Square: b | Bb | bb |

Genotypic Ratio:

The genotypic ratio represents the possible combinations of alleles in the offspring.

From the Punnett square, we have:

1 Bb (heterozygous black) and 1 bb (white)

Therefore, the genotypic ratio is:

1:1 or 1 Bb: 1 bb

Phenotypic Ratio:

The phenotypic ratio represents the observable traits in the offspring.

From the genotypic ratio, we can infer that:

1 offspring will have black hair (Bb)

1 offspring will have white hair (bb)

Therefore, the phenotypic ratio is:

1:1 or 1 Black hair: 1 White hair

In summary, the genotypic ratio of the offspring is 1 Bb: 1 bb, and the phenotypic ratio is 1 Black hair: 1 White hair.

Answer:

1.)It will result in increase in mortality(Death rate)

2.) Malnutrition

3.) Susceptible to diseases.

4.) decrease in revenue due to sick workers which have become prone to disease as a result of the effective blood vessels which are unable to perform their task(which is usually due to poor food and water supply)

Explanation:

With less food, whether incremental through smaller portion sizes or more drastic through skipped meals, people often earn less money and are more susceptible to health issues . The consequences for small children can be especially serious, leading to malnutrition and stunting.

A mutation in the gene that encodes actin is most likely to directly interfere with cytokinesis in a dividing animal cell.

We can define cytokinesis as a process by which the cytoplasm of a cell divides.

Actin is the microfilament that is essentially required for the process of cytokinesis to occur.

If the actin is not present, the cytoplasm will not be able to separate in a polarized way.

Hence, if a gene that is coding for actin becomes mutated, then there will be problems in the cytokinesis process of cell division.

Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:

Which change is most likely to directly interfere with cytokinesis in a dividing animal cell?

- A mutation in the gene that encodes actin

- A mutation in the RB gene

- A mutation that affects the G2-M cyclin-CDK complex

- The loss of a lysine residue in a histone protein

- A mutation that affects the S cyclin-CDK complex

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No, the null hypothesis would not be rejected. The chi square value of 0.47 is less than the critical value for 3 degrees of freedom, which is 7.815. Therefore, the null hypothesis cannot be rejected at the 0.05/5% significance level.

To determine if the null hypothesis should be rejected, we need to compare the calculated chi-square value to the critical value from the chi-square distribution table. The critical value is based on the degrees of freedom and the significance level chosen for the analysis.

In this case, the degrees of freedom are 3, but we don't know the significance level. Let's assume a significance level of 0.05 (5%). We can look up the critical value from a chi-square distribution table with 3 degrees of freedom and a 5% significance level, which is 7.815.

Since the calculated chi-square value of 0.47 is less than the critical value of 7.815, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, there is no significant difference between the observed and expected values for the dihybrid analysis, and the results are not statistically significant at the 5% level.

In conclusion, the answer is No, the null hypothesis would not be rejected.

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In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will gain water, leading to an increase in turgor pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is C. experience turgor.

In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside the cell. This causes water to move into the cell by the process of osmosis, leading the cell to gain water. As the cell gains water, it swells and can eventually lyse (burst) due to the increased pressure. Turgor is a term typically used for plant cells and not animal cells, so option C is correct in this context.

Turgor is the force inside the cell that pushes the cell membrane against the cell wall. It is also called hydrostatic pressure and is defined as the pressure of a liquid measured at one point in itself when in equilibrium. Usually turgor results from the osmotic flow of water and is found in plants, fungi, and bacteria. This phenomenon has also been observed in protists with cell walls. This system is not found in animal cells because the absence of a cell wall causes cells to rupture under stress.

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Answer:

Explanation:

- Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining the water and dissolved substances balance within a cell.

- To prevent excess water from entering the cell, amoeba expels water through a contractile vacuole.

- The contractile vacuole helps to remove excess water and maintain the concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell.

- Osmoregulation is essential for the amoeba to survive and function properly.