Fill in the blank

the earth is composed primarily of _______

Answer:

2:4

50%

Explanation:

Answer:

the answer to this is True

Answer: If mammalian cells receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, they will D. complete the cycle and divide. G1 checkpoint occurs between the G1 and S phase of the cell cycle. When the cell is grown sufficiently and produces all components of DNA replication it enters in the S phase.

If mammalian cells receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, they will complete the cell cycle and divide.

The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell that cause it to divide into two daughter cells.

Moreover, a cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division.

The cell cycle consists of a series of steps during which the chromosomes and other cell material double to make two copies. The cell then divides into two daughter cells, each receiving one copy of the doubled material.

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Everyone has the same mtDNA so investigators won't be able to narrow identity down.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has many special functions together with a excessive copy wide variety in cell, maternal inheritance, and a high mutation fee which have made it attractive to scientists from many fields.

Forensics. Nuclear DNA is referred to as the molecule of lifestyles and consists of the genetic instructions for the development of all dwelling organisms. it is found in nearly each cellular inside the human body, with exceptions along with pink blood cells. every body has a unique genetic blueprint, even identical twins.

In black burnt bones the DNA turned into enormously degraded and in some instances no nuclear DNA changed into left, leaving mitochondrial DNA evaluation as an option.

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The person's mtDNA can be sampled, but the investigators are unable to get nuclear DNA that is testable. What obstacles will they run against while attempting to use mtDNA to identify the person.

Investigators won't be able to determine an individual's identify because everyone has the same mtDNA. The nuclear genome is linear, while the mitochondrial genome is circular. The nuclear genome has 3.3 billion DNA base pairs, whereas the mitochondrial genome has 16,569 DNA base pairs. There are 37 genes in the mitochondrial genome, which together code for 13 proteins, 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs. You have two copies of each chromosome because your nuclear DNA, which is made up of genetic material from both your parents, contains pairs of chromosomes.

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Answer:

1. merkel cells

2. tactile corpuscle

3. lamellated (lamellar) corpuscle

4. nociceptors

Explanation:

Merkel cells are epithelial cells found around hair follicles which are capable of sensing gentle touch sensations such as, for example, tactile discrimination and environmental exploration. Tactile corpuscles are a class of nerve ending required for mediating sensitivity to light touch sensations. The lamellar corpuscles are another class of nerve ending capable of sensing deep touch sensations and vibrations. Finally, nociceptors are somatic sensory receptors capable of sensing noxious (damaging) stimuli.

1. Light-touch receptor located at the epidermal-dermal border: Tactile corpuscles (D)

Light-touch sensors called tactile corpuscles, sometimes referred to as Meissner's corpuscles, are situated near the epidermal-dermal boundary. They are located in the papillary layer of the dermis's dermal papillae, which are tiny, finger-like projections.

Particularly dense populations of tactile corpuscles can be seen in skin regions like the lips, palms, and fingertips that are sensitive to gentle touch.

2. Light-pressure receptor located in the papillary layer of the dermis: Merkel cells (A)

3. Deep pressure receptors: Lamellated corpuscle (C)

4. Receptors that respond primarily to pain and temperature: Nociceptors (B)

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The stroma contains the enzymes responsible for the light-dependent reactions .This statement that is false about chloroplast .

Thylakoids are usually arranged in stacks (grana). The stroma is similar to the matrix of the mitochondria, but they do not perform the same function. The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoids, and carbon-fixation (dark) reactions occur in the stroma.The function of chloroplasts is to capture light energy and transform it into food through the process of photosynthesis. In addition, they are also responsible for providing a green pigment to plants that are responsible for their coloration.

However , The stroma contains the enzymes responsible for the light-dependent reactions this statement is false .

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Answer:

There are more but there is only one blank so,

The answer should be Organism (?)

The correct statements about the ventral stream are: a. V₄ receptive fields are sensitive to color, form, and texture.

c. Some V₄ neurons respond to illusory contours, whereas neurons in V₂ do not.

d. Some neurons in inferotemporal cortex (IT) respond to both people and houses.

a. V₄ receptive fields in the ventral stream of the visual cortex are known to be sensitive to color, form, and texture. This means that neurons in this area respond to visual stimuli that involve these characteristics.

b. The statement that neurons in the fusiform face area (FFA) are selective for prosopagnosia is incorrect. Prosopagnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize faces, and it is not a characteristic of the neurons in the FFA. The FFA is actually known for its involvement in face recognition, and damage to this area can result in difficulties in recognizing faces, a condition known as prosopagnosia.

c. It has been observed that some neurons in V₄ respond to illusory contours, which are contours or boundaries that are perceived by the visual system even when they are not physically present. On the other hand, neurons in V₂, another area in the ventral stream, do not respond to illusory contours.

d. Neurons in the inferotemporal cortex (IT), which is part of the ventral stream, have been found to respond to both people and houses. This area of the brain is involved in processing complex visual stimuli, including objects, faces, and scenes.

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Answer:

-good resources there, not much other places

-previous home was disrupted for any number of reasons

-lots of animals are herd animals: they're safer in a pack(not sure if this counts as a social reason)

-organisms that don't move(like plants) likely has offspring that land very close to them, resulting in clumps

Explanation:

The processes that would occur at higher rates in the fed (absorptive) state than in the fasted (postabsorptive) state are:

- Conversion of glycogen to glucose in muscle cells

- Synthesis of protein by muscle cells

- Oxidation of glucose by muscle cells

The conversion of glycogen to glucose in muscle cells occurs during the absorptive state as glucose is taken up from the bloodstream and stored as glycogen in the muscle cells. In the postabsorptive state, glycogen is broken down into glucose to maintain blood glucose levels.

Synthesis of protein by muscle cells also occurs during the absorptive state when there are high levels of amino acids available from dietary protein. In the postabsorptive state, protein breakdown may occur to provide amino acids for energy.

Oxidation of glucose by muscle cells is also higher during the absorptive state as glucose is readily available from the diet. In the postabsorptive state, glucose levels may be lower, and alternative fuel sources like fatty acids may be used for energy instead.

The other processes mentioned, conversion of triglycerides into glycerol phosphate and fatty acids in adipocytes, and oxidation of lipids by liver cells, are more likely to occur during the postabsorptive state when stored energy sources like fat are used for fuel.

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An index fossil will be more useful in dating the rock than ancient relative because carbon dating can be performed using the fossil which will give more accurate details rather than the relative dating performed using ancient relative.

Index fossil is any preserved remains of the plant or animal that is particularly useful for the dating purposes. It is useful for determining the geological periods. Most of the rocks that contain the index fossil are found in marine environment.

Carbon dating is the process of determining the age of ancient objects or fossils. In this the amount of radioactive carbon is measured as the rest forms of carbons stop being absorbed but radioactive carbon continues to decay even after an organism dies.

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Answer:

The processes of digestion include six activities: ingestion, propulsion, mechanical or physical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation. The first of these processes, ingestion, refers to the entry of food into the alimentary canal through the mouth.

Accessory organs: Liver: produces bile salts

Small intestine: Mixes chyme with digestive juice

Stomach: Mixes and churns food with gastric juice

Mouth: Ingests food; Chews and mixes food

Explanation:

Answer:

a) Cats show incomplete dominance which means the kitten can be born with full length tails, short length tails and without tails.

b) The genotype of the parent will be heterozygous (Tt ) and the kittens will be:

Genotype | Fenotype

-TT | (long tail)

-Tt | (short tail)

-tt | (no tail).

The given statement "Meiosis focuses on the reproduction of regular body cells. Mitosis focuses on the production of sex cells" is false because meiosis focuses on the production of sex cells (gametes) while mitosis focuses on the reproduction of regular body cells (somatic cells).

Meiosis is a type of cell division that is involved in the production of sex cells, or gametes. In meiosis, a diploid cell (with two sets of chromosomes) divides twice to produce four haploid cells (with one set of chromosomes each).

These haploid cells are gametes, which are used in sexual reproduction to create a new organism with a unique combination of genetic material.

Mitosis, on the other hand, is a type of cell division that is involved in the growth and repair of tissues in the body. In mitosis, a diploid cell divides once to produce two identical diploid cells. This process is used to replace damaged or dead cells in the body, and to help tissues grow and develop during embryonic development.

In summary, meiosis is focused on the production of gametes for sexual reproduction, while mitosis is focused on the growth and repair of tissues in the body.

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The given statement is false.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells (such as eggs and sperm) and produces cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is important for sexual reproduction and helps ensure genetic diversity in offspring.

Mitosis, on the other hand, is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic (non-reproductive) cells and produces two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Mitosis is important for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction (in some organisms).

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Answer:

Answer is A. B. C. D. E. F.G

Explanation:

All living things require these vital things in order to live

Based on Table 1, the severe PKU condition is associated with a substitution mutation of Isoleucine to Threonine in the PAH enzyme.

PKU is brought on by mutations in the gene that produces the enzyme  PAH or phenylalanine hydroxylase. The body requires this enzyme to convert the amino acid phenylalanine into other compounds.

The amino acid phenylalanine, which is harmful to the brain system, accumulates as a result of PKU. PKU might result in intellectual problems if left untreated.

Severe PKU condition is associated with a substitution mutation of Isoleucine to Threonine in the PAH enzyme. This mutation results in less than 10% of the wild-type enzyme activity and leads to a phenylalanine blood concentration of over 1200-1800 UM and severe intellectual disability.

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Without enough light, a plant cannot photosynthesize very quickly - even if there is plenty of water and carbon dioxide and a suitable temperature. Increasing the light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis, until some other factor - a limiting factor - becomes in short supply.

The process of respiration that moves air into and out of the lungs is known as pulmonary ventilation.

This process involves the movement of air through the respiratory tract, starting with the inhalation of air through the nose or mouth, followed by the air passing through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and finally reaching the alveoli in the lungs.

Once the air reaches the alveoli, pulmonary gas exchange takes place where oxygen from the air diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the air. This gas exchange allows for the transport of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the lungs and the rest of the body.

Tissue gas exchange occurs at the cellular level where oxygen is delivered to cells and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product.

Overall, pulmonary ventilation is a crucial process that allows for the exchange of gases necessary for the body to function properly.

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The blue arrows denote the direction of the energy transfer from the turbine to the electrical generator. Based on the given diagram, the energy transfer between the blue arrows is a gain in energy.

Energy transfer refers to the conveyance of energy from one form to another, such as mechanical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, there is an increase in energy between the turbine and the electrical generator, which is highlighted in the blue arrows' direction.

The generator gains energy in the form of kinetic energy from the turning motion of the turbine. When the turbine turns the shaft of the generator, it causes electromagnetic fields to occur within the generator, which, in turn, generates electricity.

This energy transfer process is efficient as long as the system does not face friction or other forms of resistances. If the system does face such resistances, then there is a loss of energy and inefficiency in the energy transfer process, which can significantly affect the system's overall performance.

In conclusion, the energy transfer between the blue arrows is a gain in energy. The generator gains energy in the form of kinetic energy, which is converted into electrical energy. The efficient energy transfer process is vital for the system's optimum performance and operation.

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Rauch identifies two changes that have weakened political parties which are the decline of party bosses and the rise of interest groups.

In his book Political Parties and Political Survival, Rauch explains that two changes have weakened parties. These changes are:

1. Decline of Party Bosses: The primary election system, where voters directly choose candidates, has diminished the power and influence of party bosses. Party bosses were traditionally influential figures who controlled candidate selection and enforced party discipline.

With the rise of primary elections, party bosses no longer have the same level of control over candidate selection. This shift has led to reduced party discipline and diminished party control over the candidates that run for office.

2. Rise of Interest Groups: Interest groups, independent organizations advocating for specific causes or interests, have gained prominence and influence in the political landscape. They operate outside of the party structure and pursue their own agendas.

Interest groups are able to support candidates who align with their causes and effectively lobby for their interests. As a result, they have become a powerful force in politics, potentially overshadowing the influence of political parties.

This development weakens parties by providing alternative channels of representation and by allowing interest groups to exert influence outside of the party system.

Both these changes have contributed to the weakening of political parties by undermining their control over candidate selection, reducing party discipline, and providing alternative avenues for political representation and influence.

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disruption 〽️〽️〽️〽️〽️

Answer:

osmosis

Explanation:

on edge2020

The movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration is called as Osmosis. Thus option D is correct.

The process in which solvent molecules pass from a lower concentration based solution to a higher concentration solution through a semipermeable membrane called as osmosis.

It is a passive process as no external energy is needed.

When a living plant cell kept in a sugar or salt solution, water diffuses from the cell sap out through the cell membrane called as ex-osmosis.

The cell causes shrinkage of the protoplasm due to water loss, where the cell undergo a condition called as plasmolysis or necrosis.

When the plasmolysed cell is placed in distilled water, the cell regains it’s turgidity and also the original shape and size by a process called endosmosis.

This condition is called deplasmolysis or cytolysis. Thus option D is correct.

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Explanation:

Make a punnet square (seems like you've got one already)

It's very similar to a multiplication table.

      P      P

p    Pp    Pp

p    Pp    Pp

Since P is dominant over p, there are no white pea plants. 100% purple.

Hope I could help!

(eventually you'll get the hang of this, practice makes perfect!)

Answer:

Bacterial populations employ native defenses against antibiotics that are analogous to the activity of protonophores. These mechanisms disrupt membrane electrochemical gradients that enable bacterial populations to establish subpopulations of drug-tolerant persisters

Explanation:

When we cultured in bacteria by adding growth promoting factors for rapid growth, what happened in this time. At that time bacteria growth/size are increase or  both .

Meiosis is important because it ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes, Meiosis also produces genetic variation by way of the process of recombination.

I hope this helps you

Meiosis refers to the process by which a single cell divides twice to produce four haploid daughter cells. These are the gametes, which are sperms in males and eggs in females.

Meiosis is a eukaryotic cell division process.  However, the genetic material distributed among the resulting daughter cells is distributed in very different ways by these two processes.

Mitosis results in the formation of two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Meiosis, on the other hand, produces four distinct daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Because meiosis generates cells that will become gametes (or reproductive cells), this reduction in chromosome number is critical; without it, the union of two gametes during fertilization would result in offspring with twice the normal number of chromosomes.

Thus, we can conclude that the number of chromosomes during meiosis is incredibly important because It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

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