One purpose of the guard band is to prevent signals in adjacent cells from interfering with each other.
A guard band is a designated frequency range or area between two neighboring channels or communications that are used to minimize interference and maintain the integrity of the signal. It serves as a buffer zone to preserve signal quality and reduce interference or cross-talk between adjacent channels. Create separation and isolation between nearby signals, whether in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum, telecommunications, or other communication systems. This is the primary purpose of a guard band. By creating this area, the guard bands prevent signal overlap or leakage from one channel to another, lowering interference and maintaining signal clarity.
In situations when several signals or channels operate closely together, guard bands are extremely important. For instance, guard bands are used in wireless communication systems like cellular networks to divide neighboring frequency bands utilized for various functions or by several service providers. This separation prevents interference between signals broadcast in neighboring frequency bands, allowing for effective and dependable communication.
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Imagine you have a ball tied to the end of a string. You hold the other end of the string and swing it around. Suppose the string breaks, what direction will the ball travel
which statement best describes the position of the image of an object viewed in a plane mirror?
A). the image is a different distance from the mirror but on the same side of the mirror as the original object
B). the image is the same distance from the mirror and on the same side of the mirror as the original object
C). The image is a different distance from the mirror and on the other side of the mirror as the original object.
D). the image is the same distance from the mirror but on the other side of the mirror as the original object.
The statement D best describes the position of the image of an object viewed in a plane mirror, The image is the same distance from the mirror but on the other side of the mirror as the original object.
What is the image?When light beams from an object reflect off a mirror, they intersect with the picture of that thing, called an image. Real and virtual images are the two sorts of images.
The following parameters can be used to describe an image:
1. It is possible for an image to be real or virtual.
2. Left-right reversal is possible or not.
3. The image can be inverted or upright.
4. The image can be enlarged, shrunk, or made the same size as the object.
Plane mirrors provide virtual images that are upright, inverted left-right, the same distance from the mirror as the item, and the same size as the thing.
As a result, the best description of image production by a plane mirror is “a virtual picture is produced behind the mirror.”
The statement D best describes the position of the image of an object viewed in a plane mirror, The image is the same distance from the mirror but on the other side of the mirror as the original object.
Hence, option D is correct.
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which graph above best illustrates homeostasis
Two 3.0-cm-diameter aluminum electrodes are spaced 0.50 mm apart. The electrodes are connected to a 100 V battery.
A) What is the capacitance?
B) What is the magnitude of the charge on each electrode?
(a)The capacitance of the electrodes is 2.23 × 10⁻¹¹ F and the magnitude of charge on each electrode would be 2.23×10⁻⁹coulomb.
We are given that,
Area of the = A = 1.26 ×10⁻³m²
Distance = d = .50mm = 5 ×10⁻⁴m
Voltage = v = 100volt
(a) The capacitance of electrode can be calculated as, can be calculated as,
C = A∈₀/d
Where, C is the capacitance of the electrode, ∈₀ is the permittivity constant in free space.
C = [(1.26 ×10⁻³m²)(8.85× 10⁻¹²Fm⁻¹ )]/ 5 ×10⁻⁴m
C = 2.23 × 10⁻¹¹ F
(b) The magnitude of the charge on each electrode can be calculated by the formula,
C= Q/v
Q = CV
Putting the values from the above we get,
Q =(2.23 × 10⁻¹¹ F)×( 100volt)
Q = 2.23 × 10⁻⁹coulomb
Therefore, the capacitance of the electrode would be 2.23 × 10⁻¹¹ F and the magnitude of charge on each electrode would be 2.23×10⁻⁹coulomb.
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It is required to design a zener shunt regulator to provide a regulated voltage of about 10 V. The available 10-V, 1-W zener of type 1N4740 is specified to have a 10-V drop at a test current of 25 mA. At this current, its r z is 7 . The raw supply, V S , available has a nominal value of 20 V but can vary by as much as ±25%. The regulator is required to supply a load current of 0 mA to 20 mA. Design for a minimum zener current of 5 mA.
Answer:
jgfsdghjjuk
Explanation:
khhnghjj
Explain how the gradient of a force-extension graph would change for a wire of the same material but twice the diameter
There would be no change in the shape of the force extension graph.
How would the force extension graph change?We have to note that the Hooke's law states that, the force that is applied on an object would be proportional to the extension on the object. As long as the elastic limit is not exceeded.
In the case of the material, we have been told that the material would have twice its original diameter. We must note that the diameter of the object does not affect the force extension graph hence there is no change in the graph.
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1. What is the voltage across each resistor?
2. What is the current in each branch?
3. What is the total current provided by the batteries?
For top and bottom picture.
For top picture, I also need to know: Use the total current and the total voltage to calculate the total resistance of the circuit.
The current provided in each branch for 12V circuit are 6 A and 4 A.
The total current provided for the 12 V circuit is 10 A.
The current provided in each branch for 9V circuit are 4.5 A, 3 A and 9 A.
The total current provided for the 12 V circuit is 16.5 A.
What is the current in each branch?The current provided in each branch of the parallel circuit is calculated as follows;
For the 12V circuit;
I = V/R
where;
V is voltageR is the resistancebranch 1 = 12/2 = 6 A
branch 2 = 12/3 = 4 A
Total resistance;
1/Rt = 1/2 + 1/3
1/Rt = 5/6
Rt = 6/5 = 1.2 ohm
Total current is calculated as;
I_t = 12 V/1.2 ohm = 10 A
For the 9 V circuit:
branch 1 = 9/2 = 4.5 A
branch 2 = 9/3 = 3 A
branch 3 = 9/1 = 9 A
Total resistance;
1/Rt = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/1
1/Rt = 11/6
Rt = 6/11 = 0.545 ohms
Total current is calculated as;
I_t = 9 V/0.545 ohm = 16.5 A
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A 0.500 kg mass is attached to a spring and executes SHM with a velocity given by: v(t) = (3.60cm/s)sin[(4.71rad/s)t − π/2](a) What is the period?
(b) What is the amplitude?
(c) What is the maximum acceleration of the mass?
(d) What is the force constant of the spring?
(e) What is the velocity of the mass at t=0?
(f) What is the velocity of the mass at t=1.5 s?
(g) Write a function for the displacement, x(t), using the fact that at t=0 the mass is at x=0.
(h) What is the total energy of the system at t =1.5 s?
a) The time period is T = 2π/4.71 ≈ 1.34 s.b) The amplitude of SHM is A is 0.764 cm. c) The maximum acceleration is given as amax = 16.98 cm/s^2. d) The value of spring constant is k = 11.0 N/m.e) The velocity at time zero is 0.f) The velocity of the mass at t = 1.5g is 1.36. g) The displacement at the time is given as x(t) = (-3.60 cm/s)(1/4.71 rad/s)cos[(4.71 rad/s)t - π/2] + 0.765 cm. h) The total energy of the system is At t = 1.5 s, = (-3.60 cm/s)(1/4.71 rad/s)cos[(4.71 rad/s)(1.5) -
a) The period of the SHM is given by T = 2π/ω, where ω is the angular frequency. From the given velocity function, we have ω = 4.71 rad/s. Therefore, T = 2π/4.71 ≈ 1.34 s.
(b) The amplitude of the SHM is given by the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position. From the given velocity function, we see that the maximum velocity occurs when sin[(4.71rad/s)t − π/2] = 1. Therefore, vmax = (3.60 cm/s) and the amplitude is given by A = vmax/ω = (3.60 cm/s)/(4.71 rad/s) ≈ 0.764 cm.
(c) The acceleration of the mass can be obtained by differentiating the velocity function twice with respect to time. The acceleration function is given by a(t) = -(3.60 cm/s) (4.71 rad/s) cos[(4.71 rad/s)t - π/2]. At the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position, cos[(4.71 rad/s)t - π/2] = 0, so the maximum acceleration occurs at these points. Therefore, amax = (3.60 cm/s) (4.71 rad/s) = 16.98 cm/s^2.
(d) The force constant of the spring, k, can be obtained using the relation ω^2 = k/m, where m is the mass attached to the spring. From the given data, we have m = 0.500 kg and ω = 4.71 rad/s. Therefore, k = mω^2 = 0.500 kg × (4.71 rad/s)^2 ≈ 11.0 N/m.
(e) The velocity of the mass at t = 0 is given by v(0) = (3.60cm/s)sin(-π/2) = 0.
(f) The velocity of the mass at t = 1.5 s is given by v(1.5) = (3.60cm/s)sin[(4.71rad/s)(1.5) − π/2] ≈ -1.36 cm/s.
(g) The displacement function can be obtained by integrating the velocity function with respect to time. At t = 0, the displacement x(0) = 0. Therefore, we have x(t) = ∫v(t) dt = (-3.60 cm/s)(1/4.71 rad/s)cos[(4.71 rad/s)t - π/2] + C, where C is a constant of integration. Using the initial condition x(0) = 0, we have C = (3.60 cm/s)/(4.71 rad/s) = 0.765 cm. Therefore, x(t) = (-3.60 cm/s)(1/4.71 rad/s)cos[(4.71 rad/s)t - π/2] + 0.765 cm.
(h) The total energy of the system is given by the sum of the kinetic and potential energies. The kinetic energy of the mass is given by KE = (1/2)mv^2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity. The potential energy of the spring is given by PE = (1/2)kx^2, where k is the force constant and x is the displacement from the equilibrium position. At t = 1.5 s, we have x(1.5) = (-3.60 cm/s)(1/4.71 rad/s)cos[(4.71 rad/s)(1.5)a
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pls help if u do it 100 points
Answer:
hhuuufuhrhuuuryheu7uhhehfu
For the following questions, let the index or refraction for air be 1.000, diamond be 2.419, and zircon be 1.923. A. Calculate the critical angle for light going from zircon to air. Give your answer in degrees.
The critical angle for light going from zircon to air is approximately 34.25 degrees.
The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which light passing through a medium is refracted to an angle of 90 degrees, causing total internal reflection.
To calculate the critical angle, we can use Snell's law, which states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equal to the ratio of the indices of refraction. In this case, we have the indices of refraction for zircon (1.923) and air (1.000).
sin(critical angle) = n2 / n1
sin(critical angle) = 1.000 / 1.923
Taking the inverse sine (sin^(-1)) of both sides, we find:
critical angle = sin^(-1)(1.000 / 1.923)
Using a calculator, we get:
critical angle ≈ 34.25 degrees.
Therefore, the critical angle for light going from zircon to air is approximately 34.25 degrees.
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2
Which statement can be made about the amplitude of any transverse wave?
Answer:
It is the length from the midpoint to the crest.
Explanation:
i’ll give brainliest!! please help and answer correctly! plsss answer quick
Answer: The motion of the object will remain the same
Explanation:
What are waveform conversion circuits? 2. Where are waveform conversion circuits typically used
Waveform conversion circuits, also known as signal conversion circuits, are electronic circuits designed to convert one form of an electrical waveform into another form. Waveform conversion circuits find application in a wide range of fields where the modification, conditioning, or transformation of electrical waveforms is necessary to achieve specific objectives.
These circuits modify the characteristics of an input signal to achieve a desired output waveform. The conversion can involve changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, or shape of the waveform.
Waveform conversion circuits are used in various applications where it is necessary to transform signals to match specific requirements. Here are some common areas where waveform conversion circuits are typically used:
Audio Processing: In audio applications, waveform conversion circuits are used to modify audio signals for various purposes. This includes amplifying, filtering, equalizing, or modulating audio waveforms to enhance sound quality, remove noise, or achieve specific audio effects.
Power Electronics: Waveform conversion circuits are extensively employed in power electronics systems for converting and conditioning electrical power. These circuits are used in devices such as inverters, converters, rectifiers, and voltage regulators to transform power waveforms, adjust voltage or current levels, and ensure efficient power transfer.
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In general, the further planets are from the sun, the cooler they are. what other factor can have a significant influence on a planet’s surface temperature?
The factor that can have a significant influence on a planet’s surface temperature is its atmosphere.
What is the role of the atmosphere in the planet's temperature?The atmosphere plays a fundamental role in the Earth planet's temperature because it allows the entry and out of certain types of radiation that may increase the temperature.
The role of the atmosphere in the Earth's temperature is well documented because our temperature is thick and it increases its homeostatic temperature balance.
In conclusion, the factor that alters a planet’s surface temperature is its atmosphere.
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In the figure, an electron accelerated from rest through potential difference V1=0.851 kV enters the gap between two parallel plates having separation d = 27.5 mm and potential difference V2= 72.8 V. The lower plate is at the lower potential. Neglect fringing and assume that the electron's velocity vector is perpendicular to the electric field vector between the plates. In unit-vector notation, what uniform magnetic field allows the electron to travel in a straight line in the gap?
In unit-vector notation, this magnetic field should have a value of (-1.805, 0, 0) Tesla.
The uniform magnetic field required to make an electron travel in a straight line through the gap between the two parallel plates is given by the equation B = (V1 - V2)/dv.
Plugging in the known values for V1, V2, and d gives us a result of B = 1.805 T. Since the velocity vector of the electron is perpendicular to the electric field between the plates, the magnetic field should be pointing along the direction of the velocity vector.
Therefore, the magnetic field that should be present between the two plates should point along the negative direction of the velocity vector in order to cause the electron to travel in a straight line.
In unit-vector notation, this magnetic field should have a value of (-1.805, 0, 0) Tesla.
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A box of tools rests in the back of a pickup truck. The truck accelerates to the north and the box remains at rest in the truck. The direction of the friction force on the box of tools is _____.
Answer:
The direction of friction force is toards north.
Explanation:
A tool box is at rest on the back of a track. The truck is accelerating towards north.
As the frame of reference is acceleratinf so it is a non inertial frame of reference.
Thus, teh toolkit experineces a pseudo force towards the south direction.
According to the question, the toolbox is at rest so the fiction force is balances by teh psheudoforce, and thus teh friction force is acting toards north.
Opposite poles attract (N-S) while similar poles (N-N or S-S) repel.
Is this statement true or false?
Line spacing refers to the amount of space between each line in a paragraph.
true
false
Answer:
True
Explanation:
I just took the test and got 100
What is the expected ratio of free-hanging earlobes to attached earlobes in the offspring
The expected ratio of free-hanging earlobes to attached earlobes in the offspring is 1:2.
How to illustrate the ratio?The diagram depicts a Punnett square used to predict the earlobe shape of two parents' offspring. The capital A represents free-hanging earlobes, while the lowercase a represents attached earlobes.
The Punnett square is a square diagram used to predict genotypes of a specific cross or breeding experiment. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who invented it in 1905. Biologists use the diagram to calculate the likelihood of an offspring having a specific genotype.
In this case, the genotype rato based on the attached diagram is 1:2.
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Beth moves a 15 N book 20 meters in 10 seconds. How much power was produced?
Answer:
30 Watts
Explanation:
Power = Work/Time
Work = Force*Distance
Power = Force * Distance / Time
Power = 15 N * 20 meters / 10 sec
Power = 30 Watts
Which two things might an object do when there are no forces acting on it?
Answer:
for one they will stay there. And another thing it will do is collect rust pretty much destroying it.
Explanation:
how does blood pressure change (from resting) when a student puts their hand in an ice bucket of water for one minute?
The change in blood pressure from resting when a student puts their hand in an ice bucket of water for one minute is called the cold pressor test.
In this test, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, causing the body to release adrenaline and other stress hormones which raise blood pressure and heart rate. The effect of cold immersion on blood pressure has been shown to vary depending on the individual’s baseline blood pressure level and age.As per the research, putting one hand in ice water for one minute caused a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in healthy adults. Blood pressure reached its highest peak during the second minute of immersion and started returning to its baseline level at 10 minutes post-immersion. The cold pressor test is often used as a method of assessing cardiovascular reactivity, as well as a way to identify patients with hypertension who may be at higher risk for cardiovascular events. The test is simple, non-invasive, and can be performed in a clinical setting or at home. It can help to identify individuals who may be at risk for hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Let h : Z → R be the point mass function of some distribution.
a) Let Ω = Z × Z. Show that if we define each ω = (ω1, ω2) ∈ Ω,
pω = hω1 hω2, then (pω)ω∈Ω is the point mass function of some distribution.
b) Consider the random variable X : Ω → Z, X(ω) = ω1 + ω2. Show that X's
the point mass function of the distribution, i.e. PX, is

Hints: the a) point is largely a repetition of the old one, but the latter point may require some thought. In particular, you should think about why it is enough to calculate
probability P({ω ∈ Ω : X(ω) = x}). For this, you should think about
that what this event has to do with the event
x - n}
and why it can be applied to calculate the probability of this event
definition of probability distribution.
We have demonstrated that (pω)ω∈Ω is the point mass function of some distribution, and that the random variable X has a point mass function PX equal to (pω)ω∈Ω.
In order to show that (pω)ω∈Ω is the point mass function of some distribution, we need to demonstrate that it satisfies the properties of a probability distribution.
a) Let's consider the properties of a probability distribution. Firstly, the values of pω must be non-negative for all ω ∈ Ω. This is true since pω is defined as the product of two non-negative values hω1 and hω2.
Secondly, the sum of probabilities over all possible outcomes must be equal to 1. In this case, we need to show that the sum of (pω)ω∈Ω over all possible ω in Ω is equal to 1. To do this, we can consider the sum:
Σ(pω)ω∈Ω = Σ(hω1 hω2)ω∈Ω
By the properties of the point mass function h, we know that Σhω1 = 1 and Σhω2 = 1. Therefore, the above expression becomes:
Σ(pω)ω∈Ω = Σ(hω1 hω2)ω∈Ω = 1 * 1 = 1
Thus, we have shown that (pω)ω∈Ω satisfies the properties of a probability distribution.
b) Now let's consider the random variable X(ω) = ω1 + ω2 and show that its point mass function PX is equal to (pω)ω∈Ω.
To calculate PX(x) = P({ω ∈ Ω : X(ω) = x}), we need to consider the event where the sum of the components ω1 and ω2 is equal to x. This can be expressed as:
{ω ∈ Ω : X(ω) = x} = {(ω1, ω2) ∈ Ω : ω1 + ω2 = x}
Now, notice that this event is equivalent to the event {ω1 = n, ω2 = x - n} for any fixed n. The probability of this event is given by pω1 pω2 = hω1 hω2, which matches the point mass function (pω)ω∈Ω.
By considering all possible values of n, we can cover all the cases for X(ω) = x, and therefore, we have shown that PX(x) is equal to (pω)ω∈Ω.
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bubbles in a sight glass could be an indication of
Bubbles in a sight glass could be an indication of: air or gas entrainment in the system.
When there are bubbles present in a sight glass, it suggests that air or gas has entered the fluid system.
This can occur due to various reasons such as leaks in the system, improper sealing, or aeration of the fluid. Bubbles can disrupt the smooth flow of the fluid and affect the performance and efficiency of the system.
In some cases, the presence of bubbles in a sight glass can also indicate low fluid levels or cavitation, where localized low pressure causes the formation of gas bubbles within the fluid.
Cavitation can be harmful to equipment as it leads to the erosion of surfaces and potential damage.
To address the issue of bubbles in a sight glass, it is important to identify and rectify the underlying cause. This may involve checking for leaks, ensuring proper sealing, maintaining appropriate fluid levels, or addressing issues related to aeration or cavitation.
Regular monitoring and maintenance of the system can help prevent or minimize the occurrence of bubbles in the sight glass.
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Two people are pushing a car of mass 2000 kg. If they each push with a force of 320 N at an angle of 15° to each side of the car, calculate the acceleration of the car, assuming no resistance.
The car's acceleration while assuming no resistance. 4000 N of net force are required.
What exactly is an acceleration?Speed and direction changes in velocity with time. When a point or object moves faster or slower along a straight line, it is said to be accelerated. Even if the speed is constant, motion on a circle accelerates because the direction is always shifting.
What exactly are velocity and acceleration?The pace at which displacement changes is known as velocity. The rate at which velocity changes is known as acceleration. Because it includes both magnitude and direction, velocity is a vector quantity. As acceleration is merely the rate at which velocity changes, acceleration is likewise a vector quantity.
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upon arrival, the spacecraft is first put into a circular orbit around mars. the period of the orbit is 132 minutes. calculate the altitude of the orbit in km.
Upon arrival, the spacecraft is first put into a circular orbit around mars. the period of the orbit is 132 minutes. 3.39 × 10³ km is the altitude of the orbit.
We can use the formula given below to find the altitude of the orbit:
T² = 4π²a³/GM
where, T is the period of orbit,a is the semi-major axis,G is the
gravitational constant, M is the mass of the planet
We know that the period of orbit (T) is 132 minutes or 132 × 60 seconds =
7920 seconds.
We also know that Mars has a mass of 6.39 × 10²³ kg and a gravitational
constant of 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg².
To find the altitude of the orbit, we need to find the semi-major axis (a)
using the formula given above.
T² = 4π²a³/GM
a³ = T²GM/4π²
a = (T²GM/4π²)¹/³
Now, substituting the given values in the above formula, we get:
a = [(7920)² × (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹) × (6.39 × 10²³)/(4π²)]¹/³
a = 3.39 × 10⁶ m
Therefore, the altitude of the orbit is equal to the semi-major axis minus
the radius of Mars.
Altitude = a - R Where, R is the radius of Mars.
The radius of Mars is 3389.5 km.
Therefore, Altitude = 3.39 × 10⁶ - 3389.5 km, Altitude = 3.39 × 10³ km
Hence, the altitude of the orbit is 3.39 × 10³ km.
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complete the concept map to describe how electrical events at the neuromuscular junction result in the mechanical process of skeletal muscle fiber contraction.
The terminal end of a motor nerve and a muscle (skeletal, smooth, or cardiac) form the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which is a synaptic connection.
It is the location where the action potential is sent from the nerve to the muscle. The NMJ is regarded as a cholinergic synaptic junction that serves as the link between motor neurons and fibers of skeletal muscle. The NMJ should transmit the impulses from the presynaptic motor neurons to the postsynaptic muscle fibers in order to maintain sustained skeletal muscle contraction.
The word "neuromuscular" refers to this process of transmitting the acetylcholine-dependent nerve impulse (action potential) from neuron to muscle. The NMJ, also known as the motor endplate, is made up of synaptic membranes on either side of the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes.
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The parking brake on a 1200kg automobile has broken, and the vehicle has reached a momentum of 7800kgm/s. What is it's
velocity? m/s
Answer:
the velocity is like 17 or something ion even know
Explanation:
Think back to when you were a kid riding in the backseat of the car. Maybe you once had a milkshake in your hand when your mom hit the brakes. You were secured by your seat belt, but you jer-ked forward and the milkshake splashed all over the front seat…and your mom. That situation probably never happened to you. But think about something that has happened to you physically—a fall, a jump, an accident, or something you may have done hundreds of times in your favorite sport. Analyze the action and describe it in terms of Newton’s laws. Identify the initial conditions and the forces involved. If the action is a sequence of events, analyze it step by step. The more complex the sequence of events, the better!
Answer:
In Newton’s first law, an object at rest remains at rest until an external force isapplied. When I play soccer, the soccer ball will be at rest on the field (the initial condition) andremain in that spot on the field until I kick it (my muscles applying an external force to the ball).According to Newton’s second law, force = mass x acceleration (F=ma). When I kick the resting soccer ball, which has a given mass, it will accelerate in the direction that I kick it. From the equation, acceleration = force divided by mass. Therefore, since the mass of the soccer ball is fixed, the stronger my leg is and the more force I can apply to the ball, the faster it willaccelerate.According to Newton’s first law, an object in motion remains in motion until an external force isapplied. After I kick the soccer ball, it will continue in motion in the direction that I kicked it,but its acceleration will gradually slow down due to the external forces of friction from the airand the surface of the field. According to Newton’s third law, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.When I kick the soccer ball forward, if I also kick it in an upward direction, such as a thirty-degree angle from the field, it will come down at an angle when it strikes the field. When theball lands and strikes the field, there will be an equal and opposite reaction whereby instead oftraveling downward it will bounce of the surface of the field and will then be travelling upward.
Calculate the angle of incidence of light ray incident on surface
of a plastic slab of refractive index v3, if the angle of refraction
is 30°
Answer:
\(from \: snell {}^{.} s \: law : \\ n = \frac{ \sin(i) }{ \sin(r) } \\ \sqrt{3} = \frac{ \sin(i) }{ \sin(30 \degree) } \\ \sin(i) = \sqrt{3} \times \sin(30 \degree) \\ \sin(i) = 0.866 \\ i = { \sin}^{ -1 } (0.866) \\ i = 60 \degree\)