Feature selection is an important part in machine learning tasks. Suppose you have a training set in the form of a spreadsheet. You want to retain the important features and drop the redundant and unimportant ones. a) Write down an algorithm (or a code in programming languages such as python) 4+2=6 that will select the non-zero variance features and return. Why is it a good idea to marks drop zero variance/low variance features? 4 marks b) Features can be selected using Pearson's correlation. Write down an algorithm for a code in programming languages such as python) that uses the Pearson's correlation to drop features. The features that the algorithm suggests to drop should be returned c) The following diagram shows the Pearson's correlation, in the form of a heatmap. between the features in one such training set. 2 marks 11 Page 33 een wa R Suppose you decided to use a threshold of 0.8. Which features the algorithm you have proposed in 1(b) suggest to drop? d) Why is it important to use only the training set to identify the features to be dropped? Explain how stable machine learning libraries such as sciit-learn facilitate this.

Answer:

  239 mL

Explanation:

The average of any set of data is the sum of the values, divided by their number.

  v = (240 +242 +235)/3 = 717/3 = 239 . . . mL

The average of the three measurements is 239 mL.

Known :

V1 = 10 L

T1 = 27°C

P1 = 12 atm

P2 = 3 atm

Solution :

Work done in the process

W = P1 • V1 ln (P1 / P2)

W = (12 atm) • (10 L) ln (12 / 3)

W = 166.35 L • atm

W = 168.55 kJ

check photo below

answer is yes

The watt is used to quantify the amount of power in a circuit. Yes the circuit is large enough to carry the load as the reason the above response is correct is as follows:

Number of 500-W lamp to be installed on the same circuit = 8

Circuit voltage, V = 227 V

Rating of circuit breaker on the circuit = 20-A

Allowable load for continuous use = 80% of the rating

The circuit is large enough to sustain the load and has an allowed current load greater than the total current flowing through it. The maximum continuous use current for the circuit is 16 A, or 80% of 20 A.

The current is flowing which can be calculated to use the electric current formula I=V/R. Ohm's Law serves as the foundation for what is known as the "current equation." I, V, and R are the variables that stand in for current, voltage, and resistance, respectively.

Current is calculated as the quantity of electrons passing through the cross section of a conductor in a second. Although they move in the same general direction, current and electrons move in different paths. In both directions, electrons can go from a negative to a positive potential.

Therefore, The watt is used to quantify the amount of power in a circuit.

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To calculate the loads in all shores and reshores at the conclusion of pouring the second floor, we need to consider the weight of the concrete slab and any additional loads imposed on the structure.

The load in all shores at the conclusion of pouring the second floor is 42,187.5 pounds, and the load in all reshores is 84,375 pounds.

1. Calculate the weight of the concrete slab:

Volume of concrete slab = Width x Length x Thickness

Volume = 50 ft x 75 ft x (9/12) ft (convert inches to feet)

Volume = 281.25 cubic feet

Weight of concrete slab = Volume x Density

Weight = 281.25 ft^3 x 150 pcf

Weight = 42,187.5 pounds

2. Determine the loads on shores and reshores:

At the conclusion of pouring the second floor, the structure will experience the weight of the concrete slab on the second floor, as well as the weight of the slab on the first floor.

The load on the shores will be the weight of the concrete slab on the second floor. The load on the reshores will be the combined weight of the concrete slab on the second floor and the weight of the slab on the first floor.

Load on shores = Weight of concrete slab on second floor = 42,187.5 pounds

Load on reshores = Weight of concrete slab on second floor + Weight of concrete slab on first floor = 42,187.5 pounds + 42,187.5 pounds = 84,375 pounds

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Explanation:

I think is SAE standard J2810

Answer:

Fleming hand rule represents the direction of current in a generator's windings and induced current as a conductor is attached to a circuit such that it moves in a magnetic field.

Explanation:

Fleming hand rule represents the direction of current in a generator's windings and induced current as a conductor is attached to a circuit such that it moves in a magnetic field.

Fleming hand rule is used in the case of electric motors and electric generators.

Fleming hand rule is used to determine the following:

1. Direction of torque

2. Angular velocity

3. Angular acceleration

Yes, the critical insulation radius does exist in the plane wall. In the case of plane walls, heat is transmitted in one direction, from one plane to the other.

The heat transfer rate is determined by the temperature difference between the two planes and the thermal conductivity of the wall material. In a plane wall, if the thickness of the insulation is greater than a certain value, known as the critical insulation radius, heat transfer decreases due to the diminishing temperature difference between the two planes.

This suggests that the greater the thickness of the insulation, the lower the heat transfer through the wall due to a lesser temperature difference between the two planes. The insulation thickness required to minimize heat transfer is referred to as the critical insulation thickness for a plane wall. Hence, the critical insulation thickness exists for plane walls as well.

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The force acting on the aortic arch is -1907.26 N as per the given data.

The relationship between pressure, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy of a fluid in a container is known as Bernoulli's equation.

To determine the force acting on the aortic arch, we need to convert the units of velocity, pressure, and diameter to SI units (m/s, Pa, and m respectively).

Then, we can use the principle of continuity of flow and the equation of energy conservation (Bernoulli's equation) to calculate the force.

First, we'll convert the velocity, pressure, and diameter:

V1 = 90 cm/s = 0.9 m/s

P1g = 120 mmHg = 120 x 133.322 Pa = 16039.64 Pa

P2g = 115 mmHg = 115 x 133.322 Pa = 15345.83 Pa

d1 = 27 mm = 0.027 m

d2 = 22 mm = 0.022 m

Next, we'll use the principle of continuity of flow to calculate the velocity at the outlet (V2) and cross-sectional area (A2):

A1 x V1 = A2 x V2

\(V2 = V1 X (A1 / A2) = 0.9 x (\pi X (0.027^2) / 4) / (\pi X (0.022^2) / 4) = 1.33 m/s\)

Finally, we'll use Bernoulli's equation to calculate the pressure at the outlet (P2) and then calculate the force acting on the aortic arch:

\(P1g + (1/2) X \rho X V_1^2 = P2g + (1/2) \rho X V_2^2\)

\(P2 = P1g + (1/2) X \rho X V_1^2 - (1/2) X \rho X V_2^2 = 16039.64 + (1/2) X 1.057 X 0.9^2 - (1/2) X 1.057 X 1.33^2 = 14159.56 Pa\)

\(F = (P_2 - P_1g) X A1 = (14159.56 - 16039.64) X \pi X (0.027^2) / 4 = -1907.26 N\)

Thus, the force acting on the aortic arch is -1907.26 N. The negative sign indicates that the force is acting in the opposite direction to the flow, which is normal in fluid mechanics.

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can u pls explain ur question

I can't understand it properly

Answer:

The answer is "\(\bold{e^{-t} \sin t}\)"

Explanation:

Given equation:

\(\to x+2x+2x=0.............(a)\)

Let x= e^{mt} be a solution of the equation will be:

\(\to m^2+2m+2=0\)

compare the value with the  \(am^2+bm+c=0\)

\(\to a= 1\\\to b= -2\\\to c= 2\\\)

Formula:

\(\bold{=\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}}\\\\=\frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{(-2)^2-4\times 1 \times 2}}{2 \times 1}\\\\=\frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{4-8}}{2}\\\\=\frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{-4}}{2}\\\\=\frac{-2 \pm 2i}{2}\\\\\)

Calculate the g.s at equation (a):

\(\to x = e^{-t} (c_1 \cos t+ c_2 \sin t)............(b)\\\\\to x = e^{-t} (c_2 \cos t -c_1 \sin t) - e^{-t} (c_1 \cos t + c_2\sin t) ...............(c)\\\\\)

\(_{when} \\\\\to t= 0\\\\\to x=x_0\\\\\to x= v_0 =1 \\\\ \ then \ form \ equation \ (b) \ and \ equation \ (c)\)

\(\to a= 0 \\ \to c_2 -c_1 =1 \\ \to c_2=1\)

The value of \(x = e^{-t} ( 0 \times \cos t + 1 \times \sin t)\)

\(\boxed{\bold{x = e^{-t} (\sin t)}}\)

The types of materials are best for preventing heat transfer through convection include the following:

In Science, there are three (3) main types of heat energy transmission and these include the following:

Convection can be defined as a heat energy transfer process which typically involves the transfer of heat, as a result of the movement of mass.

Based on scientific research and experiments, convection is generally considered to be a more effective and efficient means of heat transport on planet Earth when compared to conduction.

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By early 1818 Karl Friedrich Schinkel had produced a new design for the Altes Museum in berlin to sit atop the old foundations between existing french and german churches.

What do you mean by design template?

Customizable pre-made designs and documents are known as design templates. Templates are frequently created to adhere to strict guidelines or specifications in order to maintain consistency across users and media. You have the option of creating bespoke templates for later use or using pre-design templates from libraries and websites.

Design templates include color palettes, master slides and titles with personalized formatting, and styled fonts created for a specific "look." The slide master and color scheme of the new template is substituted for those of the previous presentation when a design template is applied to a presentation.

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2.4 8 cubic yards of concrete do you need to order to pour 32 transformer pads that are 35 inches wide by 28 inches long by 3% inches high.

What is transformer?
A transformer is an electrical device used for changing the amount of voltage in an alternating current (AC) circuit. It works by converting electrical energy from one voltage level to another, without changing the frequency. Transformers are used in a variety of applications, from powering electrical equipment to stepping up or down voltage in a power distribution system. Transformers come in many shapes and sizes and can be designed to meet specific needs. The basic components of a transformer are the core, primary and secondary windings, and the insulation system. The core provides a magnetic path for the electricity to travel through, while the windings carry the electrical current. The insulation system prevents any electrical leakage.

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Answer:

This problem has been solved!

See the answer

7. The voltage that must be less than the breakdown voltage of the diode in order to prevent damage to the diode is the ________.

peak inverse voltage

maximum diode voltage

reverse surge voltage

maximum peak voltage

8. Assume the input signal to a rectifier circuit has a peak value of Vm = 12 V and is at a frequency of 60 Hz. Assume the output load resistance is R = 2kΩ and the ripple voltage is to be limited to Vr= 0.4 V. Determine the capacitance required to yield this specification for a (a) full-wave rectifier and (b) half-wave rectifier. Show all work.

9.A full-wave rectifier is to be designed to produce a peak output voltage of 12 V, deliver 120 mA to the load, and produce an output with a ripple of not more than 5 percent. An input line voltage of 120 V (rms), 60 Hz is available. Consider a bridge type rectifier. Specify the transformer ratio and the size of the required filter capacitor. Show all work.

Explanation:

The amplitude of the sinusoid is 28384 *x soít cos.

Amplitude is defined as the greatest deviation from equilibrium of a point on a vibrating body or wave in terms of displacement or distance traveled. In most cases, amplitude is calculated by looking at a wave graph and determining the height of the wave from rest. The strength or intensity of the wave is gauged by its amplitude.

Sinusoid is defined as a signal with sine wave characteristics. In the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, sinusoids and irregular tubules transport blood in place of venules and capillaries. The sine or cosine functions from trigonometry form the foundation of sinusoidal signals, which are periodic functions.

Thus the amplitude of the sinusoid is 28384 *x soít cos.

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To find how many ways, you must simply multiply 10 tasks and 5 exercises

    Ways: = 10 * 5 = 50 ways

Hope that helps!

At 1.2mpa pressure and 50c

What is pressure?
By pressing a knife against some fruit, one can see a straightforward illustration of pressure. The surface won't be cut if you press the flat part of the knife against the fruit. The force is dispersed over a wide area (low pressure).

a)Mass flow rate of the refrigerant
Therefore h1= condenser inlet enthalpy =278.28KJ/Kg
saturation temperature at 1.2mpa is 46.29C
Therefore the temperature of the condenser

T2 = 46.29C - 5
T2 = 41.29C

Now,
d)power consumed by compressor W = 3.3KW
Q4 = QL + w = Q4
QL = mR(h1-h2)-W
= 0.0498 x (278.26 - 110.19)-3.3
=5.074KW
Hence refrigerator load is 5.74Kg

(COP)r = 238/53
(Cop) = 4.490

Therefore the above values are the (a) mass flow rate of the refrigerant, b) the refrigerant load, c) the cop, and d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.

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In conclusion, when the bdf is increased from 1 to 3, the peak discharge is tripled, resulting in a 200% increase relative to the bdf of 3.

The peak discharge of a watershed is a measure of the maximum amount of water that flows through it in a given time. In this case, we have a 20.7-mi2 watershed with a rural 25-year peak discharge of 2,420 ft3/s.
To understand the effect of the bdf (base discharge factor) when increasing from 1 to 3 on the peak discharge, we need to consider that the bdf is a multiplier that affects the peak discharge.
When the bdf is increased from 1 to 3, it means that the peak discharge will be multiplied by 3. So, if the peak discharge with a bdf of 1 is 2,420 ft3/s, then the peak discharge with a bdf of 3 would be 3 times that, which is 7,260 ft3/s.
To calculate the percent change relative to the bdf of 3, we need to compare the difference between the two values. The percent change formula is:
Percent Change = (New Value - Old Value) / Old Value * 100
In this case, the new value is 7,260 ft3/s (peak discharge with a bdf of 3) and the old value is 2,420 ft3/s (peak discharge with a bdf of 1). Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Percent Change = (7,260 - 2,420) / 2,420 * 100
Simplifying the equation, we have:
Percent Change = 4,840 / 2,420 * 100
Percent Change = 200%
Therefore, the percent change relative to the bdf of 3 is 200%.
In conclusion, when the bdf is increased from 1 to 3, the peak discharge is tripled, resulting in a 200% increase relative to the bdf of 3.

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The most important aspect of a high-strength bolt connection is the tensioning of the bolts. When a bolt is properly tensioned, it creates a clamping force that holds the connected parts firmly together.

This clamping force is what allows high-strength bolt connections to resist external forces and loads. Heating of the bolts is not necessary for proper installation of high-strength bolt connections, and using A307 bolts may not provide sufficient strength for certain applications. The addition of nuts and washers helps to evenly distribute the clamping force and prevent damage to the connected parts. However, without proper tensioning of the bolts, the nuts and washers will not be effective in creating a secure connection. Therefore, while all of the listed factors can play a role in high-strength bolt connections, tensioning the bolts should be given the highest priority.

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In summary, the XYZ Company will require:

(a) 705 processing and assembly operations,

(b) 710 workers (direct labor only), and

(c) 25,738 m2 of total floor space for the new plant.

To calculate the required processing and assembly operations, workers, and total floor space for the new factory, we can break down the problem into smaller parts and analyze each element.

(a) Processing and assembly operations:

Number of components made in the factory: 250 components * 35% = 87.5 (round up to 88 components)

Processing operations for components: 88 components * 8 processing operations = 704 processing operations

Assembly operations for final product: 1 assembly operation (as each product is assembled in one workstation)

Total operations = 704 processing operations + 1 assembly operation = 705 operations

(b) Number of workers (direct labor only):

Processing workers: 704 processing operations / 1 (one worker per work cell) = 704 workers

Assembly workers: 13 models * 1000 units/model = 13,000 units/year

Assembly time per unit: 48 min/unit = 0.8 hr/unit

Assembly time for all products: 13,000 units * 0.8 hr/unit = 10,400 hr

Assembly workers required: 10,400 hr / 2,000 hr/shift = 5.2 (round up to 6 workers)

Total workers = 704 processing workers + 6 assembly workers = 710 workers

(c) Total floor space required:

Processing floor space: 704 work cells * 25 m2/cell = 17,600 m2

Assembly floor space: 6 workstations * 25 m2/station = 150 m2

Total production area: 17,600 m2 + 150 m2 = 17,750 m2

Additional allowance (45%): 17,750 m2 * 45% = 7,987.5 m2

Total floor space = 17,750 m2 + 7,987.5 m2 = 25,737.5 m2 (round to 25,738 m2)

In summary, the XYZ Company will require:

(a) 705 processing and assembly operations,

(b) 710 workers (direct labor only), and

(c) 25,738 m2 of total floor space for the new plant.

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Explanation:

Dry air doesn't contain water vapor .

Answer:

the magnitude of F_A is 752 N

the direction theta of F_A is 57.9°

Explanations:

Given that,

Resultant force = 1330 N in x direction

∑Fx = R

from the diagram of the question which i uploaded along with this answer

FB = 800 N

FAsin∅ + FBcos30 = 1330 N

FAsin∅ = 1330 - (800 × cos30)

FA = 637.18 / sin∅

Now ∑Fx = 0

FAcos∅ - FBsin30 = 0

we substitute for FA

(637.18 / sin∅)cos∅ = 800 × sin30

637.18 / 800 × sin30 = sin∅/cos∅

and we know that { sin∅/cos∅ = tan∅)

so tan∅ = 1.59295

∅ = 57.88° ≈ 57.9°

THEREFORE FROM THE EQUATION

FA = 637.18 / sin∅

we substitute ∅

so FA = 637.18 / sin57.88

FA = 752 N

The elastic properties of the brass specimen enables it to return to its

original length when stressed below the yield strength.

The correct responses are;

4. a. The final length is 90.0 m.

b. The final length is 97.2 mm.

Reasons:  

a. Diameter of the brass alloy = 7.5 mm

Length of the specimen = 90.0 mm

Force applied = 6000 N

The equation for the applied stress, σ, is presented as follows;

\(\sigma = \dfrac{Force \ applied}{Area \ of \ specimen} = \dfrac{6000 \, N}{\pi \cdot \left(\dfrac{7.5 \times 10^{-3}}{2} \, m} \right)^2 } \approx 135.81 \ \mathrm{MPA}\)

Depending on the cold working condition, 135.81 MPa is below the yield

strength, and the brass will return to its original condition when the force is

removed. The final length is remains as 90.0 m.

b. When the applied force is F = 16,500 N, we have;

\(\sigma = \dfrac{16,500\, N}{\pi \cdot \left(\dfrac{7.5 \times 10^{-3}}{2} \, m} \right)^2 } \approx 373.48\ \mathrm{MPA}\)

The stress found for the force of 16,500 N is above the yield stress of

brass, and it is therefore, in the plastic region.

From the stress strain curve, the strain can be estimated by drawing a line

from the point of the 373.48 MP on the stress strain curve, parallel to the

elastic region to intersect the strain axis, which gives a value of strain

approximately, ε = 0.08.

The length of the specimen is given by the formula; \(l_i = l_0 \cdot (1 + \epsilon)\)

Therefore;

\(l_i\) = 90 × (1 + 0.08) = 97.2

The final length of the specimen, \(l_i\) = 97.2 mm

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Both /64 and /48 are usable nibble boundaries in IPv6 subnetting because they align with the 4-bit (nibble) structure of an IPv6 address, allowing for efficient allocation and management of the address space. In the context of IPv6 subnetting, two usable nibble boundaries are:

1. /64: This is the most typical IPv6 subnet border because it gives devices inside the subnet a lot of address space, making it appropriate for a variety of network sizes.

2. /48: This limit is frequently used by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) or larger organisations as nibble boundaries. It strikes a balance between the quantity of available subnets and the size of each subnet's address space.

The four most important bits of a byte within a computer system are known as the upper nibble. Eight bits make up a byte, with the first four bits being referred to as the upper nibble. "Nibble" is derived from "nybble," which stands for a half-byte or four bits. The upper nibble is commonly used in programming to manipulate bits, including bitwise operations, number encoding, and several other activities.

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In a game of rummy, players are dealt a seven-card hand. The probability of certain types of hands can be calculated using mathematical formulas.

(a) To find the probability P[Rr] that your hand has at least one red card, we can use the formula:

P[Rr] = 1 - P[No red cards]

The probability of not getting any red cards is:

P[No red cards] = (26/52) * (25/51) * (24/50) * (23/49) * (22/48) * (21/47) * (20/46)

Therefore, the probability of getting at least one red card is:

P[Rr] = 1 - (26/52) * (25/51) * (24/50) * (23/49) * (22/48) * (21/47) * (20/46)
P[Rr] ≈ 0.5985 or 59.85%

(b) To find the probability P[F] that your hand has at least one face card, we can use a similar formula:

P[F] = 1 - P[No face cards]

The probability of not getting any face cards is:

P[No face cards] = (40/52) * (39/51) * (38/50) * (37/49) * (36/48) * (35/47) * (34/46)

Therefore, the probability of getting at least one face card is:

P[F] = 1 - (40/52) * (39/51) * (38/50) * (37/49) * (36/48) * (35/47) * (34/46)
P[F] ≈ 0.7833 or 78.33%

(c) To find the probability PiR7FI that your hand has only red face cards, we need to calculate the probability of getting three red face cards and four other red cards:

PiR7FI = (3/52) * (2/51) * (1/50) * (23/49) * (22/48) * (21/47) * (20/46)
PiR7FI ≈ 0.000033 or 0.0033%

The probability of getting a hand with at least one red card is 59.85%, while the probability of getting a hand with at least one face card is 78.33%. The probability of getting a hand with only red face cards is extremely low at 0.0033%.

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Answer: 3/5

Explanation:

The probability of an event is

(number of ways an event can happen)/(number of ways anything can happen)

There are 6 ways to choose a card from U to Z. You can draw U,V,W,X,Y, or Z.

There are 10 total cards. So, the probability is 6/10=3/5.

Conversions are given below:

1. 10100111012 in base ten is 334.

2. 22810 in unsigned binary is 111001002.

3. C0DE16 in unsigned binary is 11000000110111102.

4. The unsigned binary number 110000110112 in base 16 (hex) is C1B16.

5. 2017 in decimal is 2017.

6. 264s in base 4 is 1204.

7. -3010 in two's complement binary is 11111111111100112.

8. 2.37510 in unsigned binary is 10.0112.

1. To convert 10100111012 to base ten, we start from the right and assign powers of 2 to each digit. Starting with the rightmost digit, we have 2° = 1. Moving to the left, the next digit has 2¹ = 2, the next has 2² = 4, and so on. Multiplying each digit by its corresponding power of 2 and summing the results, we get 4 + 8 + 32 + 128 + 256 = 334.

2. To convert 22810 to unsigned binary, we divide the number by 2 repeatedly until we reach 0. The remainders, starting from the bottom, give us the binary representation. In this case, the remainders are 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0. Reversing the order gives us 111001002.

3. To convert C0DE16 to unsigned binary, we convert each hexadecimal digit to its corresponding 4-bit binary representation. C is 1100, 0 is 0000, D is 1101, and E is 1110. Combining these binary representations, we get 11000000110111102.

4. To convert the unsigned binary number 110000110112 to base 16 (hex), we group the bits into groups of 4 starting from the right. 1100 is C, 0011 is 3, 0111 is 7, and 0111 is 7 again. Combining these groups, we get C1B16.

5. 2017 in decimal is already in base 10, so there's no conversion required.

6. To convert 264s to base 4, we first convert it to base 10 by multiplying 2 by 64 and adding 6. This gives us 134. To convert 134 to base 4, we divide by 4 repeatedly until we reach 0. The remainders, starting from the bottom, give us the base 4 representation. In this case, the remainders are 0, 1, 2, 1. Reversing the order gives us 1204.

7. To convert -3010 to two's complement binary, we start by representing 3010 in binary form, which is 101111001002. Then, we invert all the bits to get 0100001101112. Finally, we add 1 to the least significant bit, resulting in 0100001110002.

8. To convert 2.37510 to unsigned binary, we separate the whole number part and the fractional part. The whole number part, 2, can be directly represented as 10 in binary. To convert the fractional part, we multiply it by 2 repeatedly until the fractional part becomes zero or until we reach the desired precision. The integer parts of the multiplied results, starting from the left, give us the binary representation of the fractional part. In this case the fractional part is 0.375, which gives us 0.0112 in binary. Combining the whole number and the fractional part, we get 10.0112.

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Answer:

To show that there is a return path for the current between the source of electrical energy and the load.

The unknown capacitor in arm CD must have a value of 330 microfarads, and the unknown resistor must have a value of 100 kilo-ohms.

To solve the problem, use the following formula:
Cseries = C1 x C2 / (C1 + C2)

Where C1 is the value of the capacitor in arm AB (47 microfarads) and C2 is the value of the capacitor in arm BC (330 microfarads).

Therefore, Cseries = 330 microfarads.

Also, the total resistance of arms CD is the sum of the resistance of the resistor (R) and the reciprocal of the capacitive reactance of the capacitor (1/Xc).

Using the following formula:
Rtotal = R + 1/Xc

Where Xc = 1/2πfC,

f is the frequency and C is the capacitance.

For this problem,

Xc = 1/2π(50)(330 x 10-6)

=> 100 kilo-ohm.

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The net radiation heat transfer between the two plates per unit surface area of the plates with shield and without shied are respectively; 2282.76 W/m² and 9766.75 W/m²

We are given;

Temperature 1; T₁

Temperature 2; T₂

Temperature 3; T₃

Emissivity 1; ε₁ = 0.3

Emissivity 2; ε₂ = 0.7

Emissivity 3; ε₃ = 0.2

The net rate of radiation heat transfer with a thin aluminum shield per unit area of the plates with shield is;

Q'₁₂ = σ(T₁⁴ - T₂⁴)]/[((1/ε₁) + (1/ε₂) - 1) + ((1/ε₃,₁) + (1/ε₃,₂) - 1)]

Q'₁₂ = 5.67 * 10⁻⁸(900⁴ - 300⁴)/[((1/0.3) + (1/0.7) - 1) + ((1/0.15) + (1/0.15) - 1)]

Q'₁₂,shield = 2282.76 W/m²

The net rate of radiation heat transfer with a thin aluminum shield per unit area of the plates with no shield is;

Q'₁₂,no shield = σ(T₁⁴ - T₂⁴)]/((1/ε₁) + (1/ε₂) - 1))

Q'₁₂,no shield = 5.67 * 10⁻⁸(900⁴ - 300⁴)/[(1/0.3) + (1/0.7) - 1)]

Q'₁₂,no shield = 9766.75 W/m²

Then the ratio of radiation heat transfer for the two cases becomes;

Q'₁₂,shield/Q'₁₂,no shield = 2282.76/9766.75 = 0.2337 or 4/17

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