evaporation
the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas (the term is
sometimes also used for the reverse process)*
CO
1
Chapter 3 Section 2

Answer:

4

Explanation:

bond energy which is high means that a bond is strong and the molecule containing that bond is less reactive.

Answer:

Au. fifififiof

Explanation:

djdjdjndsksidndndnendnnd

Answer:

Rb

Explanation:

The percentage of the calcium present is 50.8 %.

We know that a reaction has to do with the combination of two or more substances so as to give a product. The substances that are combined are called the reactants while the substance that is obtained is called the product.

We are told in the question that 0.995 g unknown mixture containing calcium chloride reacts to give 0.505 of calcium phosphate precipitate. Now the amount of calcium that is present shows in the mass of the calcium phosphate precipitate obtained.

Percentage of the calcium =  0.505 g/0.995 g * 100/1

= 50.8 %

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The balanced equation becomes: 2Ca + 2H2O -> 2Ca(OH)2 + 2Al(NO3)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + HNO3
Now, the equation is balanced with equal numbers of atoms on both sides.

The given equation is: Ca + H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + Al(NO3)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + HNO3

To balance the equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms on both sides of the equation is equal.

First, let's balance the calcium (Ca) atoms. There is one Ca atom on the left side and two Ca atoms on the right side. To balance this, we need to put a coefficient of 2 in front of Ca on the left side.

The balanced equation becomes: 2Ca + H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + Al(NO3)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + HNO3

Next, let's balance the hydrogen (H) atoms. There are two H atoms in H2O and two H atoms in H2SO4 on the left side. On the right side, there are four H atoms in Ca(OH)2 and three H atoms in HNO3. To balance this, we need to put a coefficient of 2 in front of H2O on the left side.

The balanced equation becomes: 2Ca + 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + Al(NO3)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + HNO3

Now, let's balance the oxygen (O) atoms. There are four O atoms in Ca(OH)2 on the right side. To balance this, we need to put a coefficient of 2 in front of Ca(OH)2 on the right side.

The balanced equation becomes: 2Ca + 2H2O -> 2Ca(OH)2 + Al(NO3)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + HNO3

Finally, let's balance the aluminum (Al) atoms. There is one Al atom on the right side. To balance this, we need to put a coefficient of 2 in front of Al(NO3)3.

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Answer:

Mass and Volume

Explanation:

The formula for density is

\(\frac{Mass}{Volume}\)

The pH of a solution with [H+] = 4.71x\(10^-^1^0\) is approximately 9.327, as pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution as it is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (pH = -log[H+]).

The lower the pH, the more acidic the solution, while a higher pH indicates a more basic solution. In the given problem, the concentration of hydrogen ions ([H+]) is 4.71x \(10^-^1^0\)

To calculate the pH,

pH = -log[H+]

where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter.

Substituting [H+] = 4.71x\(10^-^1^0\) into the formula,

pH = -log(4.71x\(10^-^1^0\)) = -(-9.327) = 9.327

Therefore, the pH of a solution with [H+] = 4.71x\(10^-^1^0\) is approximately 9.327.

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Create structural formulas and give all the isomeric compounds respectable names (a) Nitrotoluenes: (a) To the methyl group, the nitro group may be ortho, meta, or para.

What is the purpose of nitrotoluene?

In the manufacturing of pigments, antioxidants, agricultural chemicals, and photographic chemicals, nitrotoluene is typically used. For the purpose of detecting explosives, ortho- and para-mononitrotoluene can be utilised as detection taggants.

How is nitrotoluene produced?

Fractional distillation is a method that can be used to separate the combination of p-nitrotoluene and o-nitrotoluene. Thus, benzene is changed into p-nitrotoluene by first changing it into toluene, which is then changed into a combination of o-nitrotoluene and p-nitrotoluene. Finally, the mixture is separated into its component parts by fractional distillation to produce p-nitrotoluene.

Briefing

Formula of p-nitrotoluene?

CH3C6H4NO2

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2 C4H10 + 13 O2 → 8 CO2 + 10 H2O.

Answer:

c. an atom

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:Potassium react with elemental chlorine, an electron transfers from a potassium atom to a chlorine atom, forming potassium ion and chloride ion. ... As the bond formation between ions, the bond will be ionic. This is because, this process of transfer of electrons from one atom (K) to another atom (Cl).

Explanation:

The compound that would have the highest boiling point among is c. CH3CH2OH.

Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance transforms from its liquid phase to its gaseous phase, the boiling point of a liquid is determined by the forces between its molecules. The stronger the forces, the higher the boiling point. Boiling points of CH3CH3, CH3CH2CH3, CH3CH2OH, and CH3OH:CH3CH3 does not have hydrogen bonding, and it is nonpolar.

Therefore, it will have the lowest boiling point among the given options. CH3CH2CH3 has London dispersion forces as intermolecular forces. Its boiling point will be slightly greater than CH3CH3.CH3OH has hydrogen bonding and it is polar. It will have a higher boiling point than CH3CH2CH3. CH3CH2OH is more polar and has stronger hydrogen bonding than CH3OH. Therefore, it has the highest boiling point among the given options. The boiling point order from the highest to the lowest: CH3CH2OH > CH3OH > CH3CH2CH3 > CH3CH3.

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Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

When a solution of iodine is mixed with a solution of tetrachloromethane, the mixture turns purple due to the formation of \(I_2(CCl_4)\).

Iodine solution dissolves in carbon tetrachloride solution (another name for tetrachloromethane) due to the fact that both solutions are similarly non polar in nature. The equation of the reaction is as shown below:

            \(I_2 + CCl_4 --> I_2(CCl_4)\)

Answer:

The Correct option is "+1"

For a reaction to be spontaneous, the change in enthalpy (ΔH) should be negative (exothermic), and the change in entropy (ΔS) should be positive (increase in disorder). The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) can be used to determine the spontaneity, where a negative value of ΔG indicates a spontaneous reaction.

The change in enthalpy (ΔH) and change in entropy (ΔS) values provide important information about the spontaneity of a reaction. For a reaction to be spontaneous, it should have a negative ΔH (exothermic) and a positive ΔS (increase in disorder).

1. If ΔH is negative, it means that the reaction releases energy in the form of heat. This is favorable for a spontaneous reaction because it indicates that the products are more stable than the reactants.

2. If ΔS is positive, it implies an increase in the randomness or disorder of the system. This increase in entropy favors the spontaneity of a reaction since nature tends to move towards higher entropy states.

3. To determine whether a reaction is spontaneous, we can use Gibbs free energy (ΔG). The relationship between ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG is given by the equation: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where T represents temperature. If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous.

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Answer:

False

Infered from the equation:

Density=\(\frac{Mass}{Volume}\)

So it has no relation with weight of substance

Answer:

any salt

sodium chloride

callcium chloride

potassium chloride

Explanation:

There is no general effect of temperature on the solubility of salts.effect of increase temperature on the solubilty of NaCl is not significant because it is more soluble even at low temperature. The salt like potassium iodide (KI) has negative heat of solution so it's solubility decreases with increase of temperature…

Answer:

Reaction between an oxygen and  a phosphorus will produce oxides of phosphorus.

Explanation:

Reaction between oxygen and phosphorus produces four atoms of phosphorus with five atoms of oxygen. Sometimes it produces two atoms of phosphorus and five atoms of oxygen and sometimes four atoms of phosphorus and six atoms of oxygen. It does so depending upon the availability of oxygen. The size of phosphorus atom  interferes with the ability to form a double bonds to the other elements, such as nitrogen, oxygen, etc.

The melting point of the substance is 12.5 degrees Celsius

Melting point is the temperature at which a solid substance changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure.

At the melting point, the solid and liquid phases of the substance exist in equilibrium, and any further increase in temperature will cause the substance to completely melt into a liquid.

The melting point is a characteristic physical property of a substance and can be used to identify and purify a substance. The melting point of a substance is usually reported in degrees Celsius (°C) or Kelvin (K).

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Answer:

One mole of oxygen atoms contains 6.02214179×1023 oxygen atoms. Also, one mole of nitrogen atoms contains 6.02214179×1023 nitrogen atoms. … So, each carbon-12 atom weighs about 1.99265×10−23g

In the production of alum, excess reactants are typically removed through a process known as "recrystallization."

Here's how it works: Dissolution: First, the alum crystals are dissolved in hot water. This process allows the excess reactants (i.e. any unreacted sulfuric acid or aluminum hydroxide) to also dissolve in the water. Cooling: The solution is then allowed to cool slowly. As it cools, the solubility of the alum decreases and it begins to crystallize out of the solution. At the same time, any excess reactants that are still dissolved in the water will remain in solution.

Filtration: Once the crystals have formed, the solution is filtered to separate the solid alum crystals from the remaining liquid. The excess reactants that are still in solution will pass through the filter and be discarded. Washing: The alum crystals are then washed with cold water to remove any remaining impurities or unreacted reactants that may be stuck to the surface of the crystals.

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e. CH2F2 and CH3OCH3. Therefore, they do not form hydrogen bonds in the liquid or solid state.

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) and forms a weak bond with another electronegative atom in a neighboring molecule.

Among the given options, CH2F2 (difluoromethane) and CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether) are the only molecules that can form hydrogen bonds. In CH2F2, the fluorine atoms are highly electronegative, and the hydrogen atoms can form hydrogen bonds with neighboring fluorine atoms. In CH3OCH3, the oxygen atom is highly electronegative, and the hydrogen atoms can form hydrogen bonds with neighboring oxygen atoms.

The other molecules listed (HOCH2CH2OH, CH3CH2OH, and HOCH2CH2) do contain hydrogen atoms bonded to electronegative atoms (oxygen), but they lack the necessary hydrogen bond acceptor or donor groups to form hydrogen bonds. Therefore, they do not form hydrogen bonds in the liquid or solid state.

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The oxygen atom is next to the negative terminal of the dipole vector. This occurs as a result of the atom's electronegative nature and abundance of lone electron pairs. Because it trades up its lone pair electrons to create a hydrogen bond, such oxygen is called the hydrogen bonding donor.

Hydrogen-bonded compounds exhibit abnormally high melting and boiling points. According to the additional energy required to break these bonds, the molecule with hydrogen bonds has a high melting or boiling point.

The dipole moment increases with the difference in electronegativity. Another element affecting the size of the dipole moment was the spacing between the charge separations. The polarity of the molecule is determined by the dipole moment.

Therefore, the oxygen atom is next to the negative terminal of the dipole vector. This occurs as a result of the atom's electronegative nature and abundance of lone electron pairs.

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Answer:

hypotheticcally 8

Explanation:

The electron started in the second energy level (n₁ = 2) before transitioning to the third level.

To determine the initial level of the electron in a hydrogen atom, we can use the Rydberg formula, which relates the wavelength of a photon emitted or absorbed during an electron transition to the energy levels in hydrogen:

1/λ = R * (1/n₁² - 1/n₂²)

Where, λ is the wavelength of the photon,

R is the Rydberg constant (approximately 1.097 x 10^7 m^-1),

n₁ is the initial energy level,

n₂ is the final energy level.

Given that, the wavelength of the emitted photon is 1,094 nm (or 1.094 x 10^-6 meters) and the electron transition occurs to the third level (n₂ = 3), we can substitute these values into the formula and solve for n₁:

1/λ = R * (1/n₁² - 1/n₂²)

1/(1.094 x 10^-6) = 1.097 x 10^7 * (1/n₁² - 1/3²)

Simplifying the equation:

1.094 x 10^6 = 1.097 x 10^7 * (1/n₁² - 1/9)

1/n₁² - 1/9 = (1.094 x 10^6) / (1.097 x 10^7)

1/n₁² - 1/9 ≈ 0.0997

1/n₁² ≈ 0.0997 + 1/9

1/n₁² ≈ 0.1997

n₁² ≈ 1 / 0.1997

n₁² ≈ 5.004

n₁ ≈ √5.004

n₁ ≈ 2.24

Therefore, the electron started in the second energy level (n₁ = 2) before transitioning to the third level.

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Answer:

electron- neutron- nucleus- atom- solution compound

Explanation:

Answer:

If an atom has the same number of electrons as protons, it is a neutral atom.

Explanation: