Ethanolic fermentation is used in making beverages such as beer, wine, and pulque. It is carried out by yeast and ...
A) clostridium.
B) zymomonas.
C) leuconostoc.
D) lactobacillus.
E) propionibacterium.

When a nucleus of Th-232 absorbs a neutron, it becomes Th-233. The Th-233 nucleus is unstable and can undergo beta decay, where a neutron is converted into a proton. The first beta decay transforms Th-233 into Pa-233:

Th-233 -> Pa-233 + e- + νe

The resulting Pa-233 nucleus is still unstable and can undergo a second beta decay. In this decay, another neutron is converted into a proton, resulting in the transformation of Pa-233 into U-233:

Pa-233 -> U-233 + e- + νe

Therefore, the nucleus that results from the absorption of a neutron by Th-232, followed by two successive beta decays, is U-233.

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Answer:

Rusting is an oxidation reaction. The iron reacts with water and oxygen to form hydrated iron(III) oxide, which we see as rust. Unlike rust, which can flake off the surface of iron and steel objects, the layer of aluminium oxide does not flake off.

Explanation:

Answer:

synthetic

Explanation:

By substituting the known values into the equation, we can calculate the new gas pressure.

The new gas pressure can be calculated using the combined gas law equation, which relates the initial and final conditions of temperature, volume, and pressure. The combined gas law equation is:

(P1 x V1) / (T1) = (P2 x V2) / (T2)

Where:
P1 = initial pressure
V1 = initial volume
T1 = initial temperature
P2 = final pressure (to be determined)
V2 = final volume (constant volume of 5.25L)
T2 = final temperature

Given:
Initial sample mass (m1) = 10.8g
Final sample mass (m2) = 2.3g
Initial volume (V1) = 5.25L
Initial temperature (T1) = 25°C + 273.15 = 298.15K
Final temperature (T2) = 68°C + 273.15 = 341.15K
Initial pressure (P1) = 766mmHg

First, we need to find the initial moles of gas using the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, where R is the ideal gas constant. Rearranging the equation, we have:

n = (PV) / (RT)

By substituting the given values into the equation, we can calculate the initial moles (n1) of the gas.

Next, we need to find the final moles of gas (n2) by adding the mass of the gas added (m2) to the initial moles (n1).

Once we have both initial and final moles, we can calculate the final pressure (P2) using the equation:

P2 = (n2 x R x T2) / V2

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Answer:

They depend on the ion?

Explanation:

The quantity of a substance found in a specific extent or mass of an answer is known as concentration. It can also be stated in various measures like grams per litre (g/L), however, it is commonly expressed in units of moles per litre (M or mol/L).

we need to use the equations that relate the concentrations of H+ and OH- ions in a solution to the pH and pOH values. These equations are:

pH = -log[H+]
pOH = -log[OH-]
A = [H+][OH-]

For the first row, we are given that [H+] = 1x10^-4 M. To find the pH, we use the equation pH = -log[H+], which gives us pH = -log(1x10^-4) = 4. To find [OH-], we use the equation A = [H+][OH-]. Since A = 1x10^-14 M^2 (from the fact that the product of [H+] and [OH-] is always 1x10^-14 in water), we can rearrange the equation to solve for [OH-]: [OH-] = A/[H+] = (1x10^-14 M^2)/(1x10^-4 M) = 1x10^-10 M. Therefore, the values for [H*] and [OH] are -4 and -10 (exponents of 10), the pH is 4, the pOH is 10, and the value for A is 1x10^-14 M^2.

For the second row, we are given that [OH-] = 1x10^-12 M. To find the pOH, we use the equation pOH = -log[OH-], which gives us pOH = -log(1x10^-12) = 12. To find [H+], we again use the equation A = [H+][OH-]. Since A = 1x10^-14 M^2, we can solve for [H+]: [H+] = A/[OH-] = (1x10^-14 M^2)/(1x10^-12 M) = 1x10^-2 M. Therefore, the values for [H*] and [OH] are -2 and -12, the pH is 12, the pOH is 2, and the value for A is 1x10^-14 M^2.

For the third row, we are given that the pH is 7. Since pH + pOH = 14 (from the fact that the sum of the pH and pOH is always 14 in water), we know that the pOH must be 7. To find [H+] or [OH-], we can use the equations pH = -log[H+] or pOH = -log[OH-]. Since the pH is 7, we can solve for [H+]: [H+] = 10^-7 M. Therefore, the values for [H*] and [OH] are -7 and -7, the pH is 7, the pOH is 7, and the value for A is 1x10^-14 M^2.

For the last row, we are given that A = 1x10^-6 M^2. To find [H+] or [OH-], we can use the equation A = [H+][OH-]. Since A = 1x10^-6 M^2, we can solve for [OH-]: [OH-] = A/[H+] = (1x10^-6 M^2)/(x M) = 1x10^-6/x M. We also know that [H+] + [OH-] = 1x10^-7 M (from the fact that the sum of the concentrations of H+ and OH- is always 1x10^-7 in water). Substituting for [OH-], we get:

[H+] + 1x10^-6/x M = 1x10^-7 M

Solving for [H+], we get:

[H+] = (1x10^-7 M) - (1x10^-6/x M)

To find x, we can use the fact that [H+][OH-] = 1x10^-14 M^2. Substituting for [H+] and [OH-], we get:

(1x10^-7 M - 1x10^-6/x M)(1x10^-6/x M) = 1x10^-14 M^2

Simplifying and solving for x, we get:

x = 5.6x10^-9 M

Therefore, the values for [H*] and [OH] are -9 and 3 (exponents of 10), the pH is 9, the pOH is 5, and the value for A is 1x10^-6 M^2.

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Sodium nitrate, NaNO₃, is an ionic compound that contains two oppositely charged ions, the sodium cation (Na+) and the nitrate anion (NO₃⁻). In order for the compound to be neutral, the number of positive charges from the cation must balance out the number of negative charges from the anion.

Therefore, the formula for the cation in sodium nitrate is simply Na⁺. This is because sodium has a single valence electron in its outermost shell, which it easily donates to become a positively charged ion with a full outer shell.

The formula for the cation in sodium nitrate is Na+, and it is necessary for this cation to combine with the nitrate anion in order to form a neutral ionic compound.

The cation in the ionic compound sodium nitrate is Na⁺. Sodium nitrate is composed of the positively charged sodium cation (Na⁺) and the negatively charged nitrate anion (NO₃⁻). In this compound, the charges balance each other out, resulting in a neutral compound with the formula NaNO₃.

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If 17.4 kg of al2o3(s), 51.4 kg of NaOH(l), and 51.4 kg of HF (g) react completely. 89.95 kg of cryolite will be produced.

It is synthesized by fusion of sodium fluoride and aluminum fluoride as a electrolyte in the reduction of alumina to aluminum metal

Given data:

mass of Al = 17.4 kg = 17.4 × 10³

mass of NaOH = 51.4kg = 51.4 × 10³

mass of HF = 51.4kg = 51.4 × 10³

Molar mass of Al₂O₃ = 102 g/mol,

Molar mass of NaOH = 40g/mol

Molar mass of HF = 20g/mol

Reaction:

Al₂O₃ + 6 NaOH + 12 HF → 2 Na₂AlF₆ + 9H₂P

Moles of:

Mole/ stoichiometry of:

Al₂O₃ : 0.17 × 10³ / 1 = 0.17 × 10³

NaOH : 0.214 × 10³ / 6 = 0.035 × 10³

HF : 0.214× 10³ /12 = 0.017 × 10³

As the mole/ stoichiometric ratio is smallest for HF, it is the limiting reagent.

Molar mass of cryolite is 210gmol and HF is 20g/mol

12 mol of HF = 2 mol of Na₃AlF₆

240 g of HF = 420 g of Na₃AlF₆

51.4 × 10³g of HF    = (51.4 × 10³ × 420) / 240

                               = 89.95 × 10³ g or 89.95 kg of Na₃AlF₆

Hence, 89.95 kg of cryolite is produced.

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Answer:

Explanation:

in set up A the fresh soil contains carbon (iv) oxide which reacts with lime water to form an insoluble white precipitate of calcium carbonate. In set up B carbon (iv) oxide is not present in the soil since it has been boiled the gas has been expelled. Therefore there is no observable change in B

Answer:

ethanol

Explanation:

Methanol has a boiling point of 65°C, propan-1-ol has a boiling point of 97°C and ethanol has a boiling point of 87°C

Fractional distillation is used for separating miscible liquids through the use of the different vapor pressure properties of the liquids. As the mixture is heated up, components start to vaporize according to their boiling points. The component with the least boiling point vaporizes first while the component with the highest boiling point vaporizes last.

This means that methanol would vaporize at the first fraction because it has the lowest boiling point followed by ethanol at the second fraction and then propan-1-ol at the last fraction.

9.0 gram of NO can be produced from 12g of NH3 and 12 gram of O2 as per the balanced chemical reaction,

                        4NH3 + 5O2 ----> 4NO + 6H2O

The balanced chemical reaction is,

4NH3 + 5O2 ----> 4NO + 6H2O

Molar mass of NH3 is 17.03 g/mole

Mole NH3 = (12 g/17.03 g/mole) is 0.7046 mole

Molar mass of O2 is 32 g/mole

Mole O2 = 12 g/32 g/mole = 0.375 mole

The mole ratio of NH3 to O2 is 4:5. It means that 4 moles of NH3 need 5 moles of O2 for reaction to produce the given products. If we have 0.7046 mole of NH3,

The mole of O2 needed for reaction = (5/4) x 0.7046

                                                             = 0.8808 mole.

The amount of O2 needed for reaction with NH3 is 0.375 mol. so O2 is a limiting reactant.

The mole of NH3 required to react with 0.375 mole O2 is (4/5) x 0.375

                                                                                               = 0.3 mole.

So, NH3 is in excess of (0.7046-0.3) = 0.4046 mole. It will remain unreacted after the reaction unless more O2 is added for further reaction to produce more of the products.

The mass of NO  = (mole NO) x (molar mass of NO)

                            = 0.3 mole x 30.01 g/mole

                            = 9.003 g or approx. 9.0 g

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The correct question is,

 4NH3 + 5O2 ----> 4NO + 6H2O

How many grams of NO can be produced from 12 g of NH3 and 12 g of O2?

Answer:

System

Explanation:

I got 100 on Edge

A system is a group of related objects which interact with each other and form a complex whole.

A system can be described as a group of interacting elements that act according to a set of rules to create a unified whole. A system is surrounded by its environment and is described by its boundaries, structure, and purpose.

A system in physics can be described as a collection of objects that can be identified. A system refers to a collection that makes thinking about a problem more convenient.

The surrounding is everything else that is not included in the system. An isolated system is a system in which no energy or matter is exchanged with the surroundings.

A closed system is one in which only energy can be exchanged with the surroundings. The open system is one in which both matter and energy can be exchanged with the surroundings.

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Microscale reactions involve reaction mixtures with volumes significantly less than 5 mL (usually in the microliter range).

Some benefits of microscale chemistry include option (c) and (d) which can be explained as :

c. Reduced chemical waste: Microscale reactions use smaller amounts of reagents, which reduces the amount of chemical waste produced.

d. Faster work-ups: Microscale reactions typically require less time for mixing and reaction completion, which can lead to faster work-ups.

However, option a is not a benefit of microscale chemistry because smaller reaction volumes generally lead to smaller amounts of product. Option b is also not a benefit of microscale chemistry as the number of pieces of glassware used is not directly related to the reaction scale.

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To determine the number of water molecules that can be produced from a given set of reactants, we need to know the chemical equation for the reaction and the amounts of each reactant present.

For example, if we have the reaction:

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

This indicates that two molecules of the gas hydrogen (H2) and one molecule of the gas oxygen (O2) combine to form two molecules of water.

If we have 4 molecules of hydrogen gas and 2 molecules of oxygen gas present, then we have enough reactants to produce 4 molecules of water. However, if we have only 3 molecules of hydrogen gas and 2 molecules of oxygen gas present, then we have enough oxygen to react with only 2 molecules of hydrogen gas, producing 2 molecules of water and leaving one molecule of hydrogen gas unreacted.

So the number of water molecules that can be produced depends on the stoichiometry of the reaction and the amounts of reactants present.

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Answer:

b) (i): 0.91 Amgstroms

(ii): 9.1 × 10^-11 Angstroms

(c): Volume = 20 Angstroms

Explanation:

• Let's first convert the units:

\({ \rm{1 \:nanometre = 1 \times {10}^{ - 9} \: metres} } \\ { \rm{10 \: angstroms = 1 \times {10}^{ - 9} \: metres}} \\ { \rm{1 \: micrometer = 1 \times {10}^{ - 6} \: metres = 1000 \: nm}} \\ \\ { \rm{1 \: {nm}^{3} = 1000 \: {angstroms}^{3} }}\)

Question (b)

\({ \rm{radius = \frac{diameter}{2} }} \\ \\ { \rm{radius = \frac{0.182}{2} }} \\ \\ { \rm{radius = 0.091 \: nm}} \\ \\ { \mathfrak{ answer{ : { \rm{radius = (0.091 \times 10) \: angstroms}}}}} \\ \\ { \rm{radius = 0.91 \: angstroms}}\)

\({ \rm{radius = 0.091 \: nm}} \\ \\ { \rm{radius = 0.091 \times( 1 \times {10}^{ - 9} ) \: metres}} \\ \\ { \rm{radius = 9.1 \times {10}^{ - 11} \: m }}\)

\({ \rm{volume = (0.5 \times 0.2) \: nm \times 0.0002 \: micrometer}} \\ \\ { \rm{volume = 0.5nm \times 0.2nm \times (0.0002 \times 1000)nm}} \\ \\ { \rm{volume = 0.5 \times 0.2 \times 0.2 \: nm {}^{3} }} \\ \\ { \rm{volume = 0.02 \: nm {}^{3} }} \\ \\ { \rm{volume = (1000 \times 0.02) \: angstroms {}^{3} }} \\ \\ { \rm{volume = 20 \: angstroms}}\)

The solution does not change color with the addition of diethyl carbonate in a crystal violet reaction because it does not interfere with the dye-base interaction.

In a crystal violet reaction, the dye crystal violet is dissolved in an acidic solution, where it exists as an ionized species. The addition of a basic compound, such as diethyl carbonate, can alter the pH of the solution and affect the ionization of the dye, potentially changing its color.

However, diethyl carbonate is a weak base that does not interfere with the dye-base interaction and therefore does not alter the color of the solution. This makes it useful as a solvent for crystal violet and other dyes, as it allows the color to be measured without interference from the solvent.

In general, the selection of a solvent for a chemical reaction should consider its effect on the reactants and products, including its ability to alter the color of the solution.

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Answer:

The radiation of the Sun's electromagnetic waves

Explanation:

Earth's atmosphere keeps much of the Sun's energy from escaping into space. This process, called the greenhouse effect, keeps the planet warm enough for life to exist.

Answer:

Letter A

whether a trait is learned or inherited

Explanation:

The nature versus nurture debate involves the extent to which particular aspects of behavior are a product of either inherited (i.e., genetic) or acquired (i.e., learned) influences. Nature is what we think of as pre-wiring and is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors.

The debate called Nature vs. nurture is about whether a trait is learned or inherited. This is an investigation on learned traits and nurtured traits in humans. Thus option A is correct.

All living things are learning something during their growth. These learning mold up one's personality and cannot be created by birth. Like the good characteristics we are learning from schools. These behaviors are called learned traits.

Some traits or behaviors are created by birth itself and they are called natural traits. The nature versus. nurture debate is a philosophical, scientific, and cultural discussion about whether human culture, conduct, and personality are largely influenced by nature or nurture.

Environment, culture, and experience are the most prominent definitions of nurture in this discussion, whereas nature is frequently regarded as genetic or hormone-based behaviors, characteristics, and dispositions.

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Answer:

\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf 4 \ g/cm^3}}\)

Explanation:

We are asked to find the density of a brick. Density is a substance's mass per unit volume. The formula for calculating density is as follows.

\(\rho= \frac{m}{v}\)

The mass of the brick is 100 grams and the volume is 25 cubic centimeters.

Substitute the values into the formula.

\(\rho= \frac{ 100 \ g}{25 \ cm^3}\)

Divide.

\(\rho=4 \ g/cm^3\)

The density of the brick is 4 grams per cubic centimeter.

Answer: P: 25.898% CI: 74.102 %

Explanation: Use the formula, Mass % = mass/total Mass x 100%, to solve.

the closest kilojoule is 168.12 kJ for G°.

Gibbs Free Energy: What is it?

Gibbs Free Energy, at any moment, is defined as the system's enthalpy less the product of the reaction's entropy and temperature, or:

ΔG° = ΔH° - T.ΔS°

Internal heat that exists in the system is referred to as enthalpy. It is determined by:

H° is equal to H°product - H°reagent.

Enthalpy Formation is used Table:

ΔH°= [3*(-299.9)+(-524.7)] - (-1277) (-1277)

ΔH°= 62,6kJ

The level of disorder in a system is measured by entropy. It's located by:

S = Products - Reagents - S

Calculating:

ΔS°= (-321.7) + 3(-10.8)-0\sΔS°= (-354.1) (-354.1)

J

Therefore, Gibbs Free energy will be as follows: G = H - T.

ΔS°\sΔG° = 62600 - [298.(-354.1)]

ΔG° = 168121.8J

To the closest kJ, please:

ΔG° = 168.12 kJ

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Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration across a semipermeable membrane.

This movement of water occurs because of the tendency for water to move towards a higher solute concentration in order to achieve equilibrium. Solutes are particles that are dissolved in water and they decrease the amount of available water molecules. Therefore, when solute concentration is higher on one side of a semipermeable membrane, the water molecules move towards the solute in order to balance out the concentration levels on both sides. This process is crucial for many biological processes such as maintaining proper cell function and the absorption of nutrients in plants.

Osmosis is the process in which water molecules move across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This movement continues until an equilibrium is reached, where the solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane.

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Answer:

The first picture shows how the two H athoms finds each other. The second one, how these H athoms start's to form a covalent bond describing it by Lewi's estructure. And the last one, shows how the two athoms of H formed an H2 molecula.

Explanation:

Answer:

255.5cm³

Explanation:

A solution that is 38.08 % by weight has 38.08g of sulfuric acid per 100g of total solution. Thus, mass of solution you need to obtain 125g is:

125g H₂SO₄ × (100g solution / 38.08g H₂SO₄) = 328.3g of solution

As density of the solution is 1.285g / cm³, the volume of 328.3g is:

328.3g × (1cm³ / 1.285g) = 255.5cm³

Answer:

The periodic table will say it underneath the symbol.

Explanation:

I don't know how else to describe it but I hope this helps. :)

Answer:

0.0593237097

Explanation:

Answer:

Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Explanation:

involve the formation of an octet of electrons in their valence shells, except for hydrogen which needs a duet of electrons