Consider the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) Double headed arrow. 2HI(g). What is the reaction quotient, Q, for this system when [H2] = 0.100 M, [I2] = 0.200 M, and [HI] = 3.50 M?

87.5
175
350
613

169.71 minutes

Given

Rate of diffused of Hydrogen=5 gm/30 min

Required

The time required for SO₂

Solution

Graham's law: the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar masses or  

the effusion rates of two gases = the square root of the inverse of their molar masses:  

\(\tt \dfrac{r_1}{r_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{M_2}{M_1} }\)

r₁=5gm/30 min

M₁=molar weight of H₂-hydrogen= 2 g/mol

M₂=molar weight of SO₂-sulfur dioxide= 64 g/mol

\(\tt \dfrac{5/30}{r_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{64}{2} }\\\\\dfrac{5/30}{r_2}=4\sqrt{2}\\\\\dfrac{5}{30}=r_2.4\sqrt{2}\\\\r_2=\dfrac{5}{30\times 4\sqrt{2} }=\dfrac{\sqrt{2} }{48}\)

the time required (for the same amount=5 gm) :

\(\tt \dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2} }{48}\rightarrow x=120\sqrt{2}=169.71 minute\)

Explanation:

Answer and Explanation: Photon is the basic unit of light. The excited state refers to the state when any specified electron gained some energy from surrounding. In the ground state, the electron carries no energy and this refers to its lowest energy level.

Answer:

Explanation:  Separation and Purification are two processes used in analytical chemistry, both are a method of separation. The main difference between separation and purification is that separation is the conversion of a mixture of substances into more than two or more products whereas purification is the removal of contaminants (any substance that makes something dirty or impure) in the analyte solution.

Out of all types of oil, coconut oil is one of the oils that would remain solid at the highest temperature. However, the answer to this question will also depend on the type of oil and its composition.

Coconut oil contains a high percentage of saturated fats which gives it the properties to remain solid at high temperatures. It is one of the few oils that can withstand high temperatures without oxidizing, producing harmful free radicals, or breaking down into unhealthy fats.

Coconut oil is suitable for high-heat cooking such as frying and baking and also has a long shelf life. Therefore, it can be concluded that coconut oil is one of the best options for cooking at high temperatures, as it can withstand high heat without breaking down into harmful compounds. It has a high smoke point and does not degrade quickly when exposed to high temperatures. So, it remains solid at the highest temperature.

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5) Convert molarity to percent, calculate moles of acetic acid, convert moles to grams, divide grams by volume in mL, multiply by 100 to obtain experimental percent, and calculate percent error.

6) Phenolphthalein could have been used as an alternative indicator.

7) When using barium hydroxide instead of sodium hydroxide, adjust the calculations by considering the stoichiometry of the reaction and using a molar ratio of 2:1 between acetic acid and barium hydroxide.

5. To calculate the percent error in the concentration of acetic acid, we need to convert our molarity (M) results to percent (%). Using the average molarity and the average volume (converted to liters) of acetic acid, we can calculate the number of moles of acetic acid.

Then, by converting moles to grams using the molar mass of acetic acid (CH3COOH), we can divide the grams of acetic acid by the average volume (in milliliters) of acetic acid and multiply by 100 to obtain the experimental percent.

Finally, we can calculate the percent error by comparing the experimental percent to the labeled percent (4% vinegar on the bottle).

6. An alternative indicator that could have been used is phenolphthalein. Phenolphthalein is commonly used in acid-base titrations and changes color in a specific pH range, indicating the endpoint of the reaction.

6. If barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) were used instead of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the adjustment in calculations would involve the stoichiometry of the reaction. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between acetic acid and barium hydroxide is:

2CH3COOH + Ba(OH)2 → Ba(CH3COO)2 + 2H2O

The molar ratio between acetic acid and barium hydroxide is 2:1. Therefore, the number of moles of barium hydroxide used would be half the number of moles of acetic acid in the calculation.

The rest of the procedure, including converting moles to grams and calculating the percent, would remain the same.

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The correct option is ,H2 + 2OH- → 2H2O .

Electrons are the lowest of the elements that constitute a molecule, and thus hold a negative charge. In a neutral atom, there are an equal number of ions and neutrons. One proton and one hydrogen are all that the hydrogen atom has. From the other hand, the uranium atom possesses 92 protons, which means 92 electrons.

Briefing :

Now we have introduced more hydrogen, so we need to balance hydrogen on the left side in acidic solution, we get

\(2H^{+} +H_{2} O_{2}\) → \(2H_{2} O\)

Now all the atoms are balanced but charge is not balanced. We see that the left side there are two positive charge. So, we balance the charge by adding two negative charge on the left side in the reaction, we get

\(2e^{-} +2H^{+} +H_{2} O_{2}\) → \(2H_{2} O\)

Therefore, the correct option is,

\(2e^{-} +2H^{+} +H_{2} O_{2}\) → \(2H_{2} O\)

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Answer:

contain equal numbers of particles. ... MELTING POINT is the temperature at which a solid turns into liquid. ... Determine the energy required (in Joules) when the temperature of 3.21 grams of water increases by 4.0 °C ... Solve for at mater RW 100. ... How much heat energy is released when 12.8 g of barium oxide react with

Explanation:

Answer: 50 G.

Explanation: i known.

The magnification of the magnifying glass is approximately 1.44.

To calculate the magnification of the magnifying glass, we can use the formula:

Magnification = (image distance) / (object distance)

In this case, the magnifying glass is held 10.4 cm from the mole, so the object distance (d₀) is 10.4 cm. The focal length (f) of the magnifying glass is given as 15.0 cm.

Using the formula, we can calculate the magnification (M):

M = (image distance) / (10.4 cm)

The magnification of a magnifying glass is typically assumed to be the ratio of the image distance to the least distance of distinct vision (25 cm for a relaxed eye). Therefore, we need to find the image distance (dᵢ) in terms of the least distance of distinct vision.

Using the lens formula: 1/f = 1/d₀ + 1/dᵢ

We can rearrange the formula to solve for the image distance (dᵢ):

1/dᵢ = 1/f - 1/d₀

Substituting the given values:

1/dᵢ = 1/15 cm - 1/10.4 cm

Calculating the result:

1/dᵢ ≈ 0.0667 cm⁻¹

dᵢ ≈ 15 cm

Now we can substitute the values for image distance (dᵢ) and object distance (d₀) into the magnification formula:

M = 15 cm / 10.4 cm

Simplifying the calculation:

M ≈ 1.44

Therefore, the magnification of the magnifying glass in this scenario is approximately 1.44.

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Answer:

C, physical change

Explanation:

take a look at the equation. Next to each form of water do you see the little (g) and (l)? These represent the state of matter the water is in. So, the water is going from a gas to a liquid. The chemical compound is the same so its a physical change, not chemical, and it is reversible. You could change the liquid water back to the gas through evaporation. Endothermic has literally nothing to do with this equation so you can easily eliminate that answer choice.

Answer:

sorry I don't know how can do this for me

Answer:

The hydroxide [OH-] concentration of the solution is 1.26*10⁻⁵ M.

Explanation:

The pOH (or potential OH) is a measure of the basicity or alkalinity of a solution.

POH indicates the concentration of hydroxyl ions [OH-] present in a solution and is defined as the negative logarithm of the activity of hydroxide ions (that is, the concentration of OH- ions):

pOH= -log [OH-]

A solution has a pOH of 4.90. Replacing in the definition of pOH:

4.90= -log [OH-]

Solving:

-4.90= log [OH-]

1.26*10⁻⁵ M= [OH-]

The hydroxide [OH-] concentration of the solution is 1.26*10⁻⁵ M.

The pH of the solution 8.6 after 20.0 ml of the NaOH solution is added in the titration.

The term Titration is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte. In this, a reagent termed the titrant or titrator is prepared as a standard solution of known concentration and volume.

pH = pKa + log(salt / acid)

This expression is called the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

= 8.6 + log ( (20*0.1 / (20 0.2- 20* 0.1 ) )

=8.6

The Henderson-Hassel Bach equation is derived from the definition of the acid dissociation constant. It provides a relationship between the pH of acids in aqueous solutions and their acid dissociation constant. According to this, when the concentrations of the acid and the conjugate base are the same.

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The percent yield of CCl₄ from the reaction of 18.0 g of carbon disulphide with 22.0 grams of Cl₂ is 77.3%

Equation of reaction:

CS₂ +  3 Cl₂ ----> CCl₄ +  S₂Cl₂

molar mass of CS₂ = 78 g/mol

molar mass of Cl₂ = 71 g/mol

molar mass of CCl₄ = 154 g/mol

78 g of CS₂ reacts with  * 71 g of Cl₂

78 g of CS₂ reacts with 213 g of Cl₂

18 g of CS₂ reacts with 213 * 18/ 78 g of Cl₂

18 g of CS₂ requires 49.1 g of Cl₂

3 moles of Cl₂ produces 1 mole of CCl₄

213 g of Cl₂ produces 154 g of CCl₄

22.0 g of Cl₂ will produce 154 * 22 / 213 g of CCl₄

22.0 g of Cl₂ will produce 15.9 g of CCl₄

Actual yield = 12.3 g

Expected yield = 15.9 g

Percent yield = 12.3/15.9) * 100%

Percent yield = 77.3 %

The percent yield of CCl₄ from the reaction of 18.0 g of carbon disulphide with 22.0 grams of Cl₂ is 77.3%

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Choice (c) Main-sequence stars represents stars of the largest radii.

Main-sequence stars, represented by choice (c), encompass a wide range of sizes and masses. Within the main sequence, stars with larger radii are generally associated with higher masses. As stars form and begin their main-sequence phase, they follow a relationship known as the mass-radius relation. According to this relation, higher-mass stars have larger radii.

Red dwarfs, mentioned in choice (a), are low-mass stars that have relatively small radii compared to other main-sequence stars. White dwarfs, mentioned in choice (b), are the remnants of low- to medium-mass stars that have exhausted their nuclear fuel. They are compact and have smaller radii.

Neutron stars, mentioned in choice (d), are extremely dense objects that form after a supernova explosion in high-mass stars. While neutron stars are incredibly compact, they are not representative of stars with the largest radii.

Therefore, among the given choices, main-sequence stars (choice c) represent stars of the largest radii due to the correlation between higher stellar mass and larger radius.

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The number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in the element, ⁴⁸₂₂X is:

Number of protons = 22

Number of electrons = 22

Number of neutrons = 26

Protons are the positively charged particles found within the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom gives the atomic number of that element.

Electrons are the negatively-charged particles found within electron shells or a[orbits around an atom.

Neutrons are the neutral particles found within the nucleus of an atom. The number of neutrons together with the protons gives the atomic mass of the atom.

The given element, ⁴⁸₂₂X has the following number of protons, electrons, and neutrons:

Number of protons = 22

Number of electrons = 22

Number of neutrons = 48 - 22

Number of neutrons = 26

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Answer:

Mass of water == 1.71 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Initial temperature of water = 10°C

Final temperature of water = 50°C

Energy absorbed = 286 J

Mass of water = ?

Solution:

Specific heat capacity:

It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree.

Specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/g.°C

Formula:

Q = m.c. ΔT

Q = amount of heat absorbed or released

m = mass of given substance

c = specific heat capacity of substance

ΔT = change in temperature

ΔT =  50°C -  10°C

ΔT = 40°C

by putting  values,

286 J = m × 4.18 J/g.°C × 40°C

286 J = m × 167.2 J/g

m = 286 J / 167.2 J/g

m = 1.71 g

Using a melting point apparatus, you can compare the melting point ranges of compounds A and B to determine if they are the same or different compounds.

To determine if compounds A and B are the same or different using a melting point apparatus, follow these steps:

1. Set up the melting point apparatus according to the manufacturer's instructions.
2. Take a small amount of compound A and place it into a capillary tube.
3. Insert the capillary tube into the melting point apparatus.
4. Gradually increase the temperature and observe the melting process of compound A.
5. Note the temperature range over which compound A melts and record it.
6. Repeat steps 2-5 for compound B.
7. Compare the melting point ranges of compounds A and B.
8. If the melting point ranges of A and B are identical, it suggests they are the same compound.
9. If the melting point ranges of A and B differ, it suggests they are different compounds.
10. To confirm the results, additional tests such as solubility and chemical analysis may be performed.

In summary, using a melting point apparatus, you can compare the melting point ranges of compounds A and B to determine if they are the same or different compounds.

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The major purpose of doing recrystallization in organic chemistry is to purify a solid compound by dissolving it in a solvent and then allowing it to recrystallize, thereby removing impurities.

Recrystallization is a technique used to purify solid compounds. It is based on the principle that the solubility of a compound in a solvent changes with temperature. By dissolving a compound in a solvent at a high temperature and then allowing it to cool slowly, the compound will recrystallize in a purer form, leaving impurities behind in the solvent.

The steps involved in recrystallization are as follows:
1. Choose a suitable solvent that will dissolve the compound at a high temperature but not at a low temperature.
2. Dissolve the compound in the solvent at a high temperature.
3. Allow the solution to cool slowly, which will cause the compound to recrystallize in a purer form.
4. Filter the solution to remove the solid compound and any impurities that remain in the solvent.
5. Allow the solid compound to dry.

By repeating these steps, it is possible to obtain a very pure compound. Recrystallization is an important technique in organic chemistry because it is a simple and effective way to purify solid compounds.

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The statement is false about aldehydes that have a central carbon bound to two other carbons.

All aldehydes possess a double bond between carbon and oxygen, which is termed to as the carbonyl group. Many aldehydes have pleasant aromas, and in principle, they are made from alcohols by the process of dehydrogenation (removal of hydrogen), which is how the word "aldehyde" originated.

Aldehydes are versatile substances that can be utilized to create resins, dyes, organic acids, as well as detergents, soaps, and scents for cologne. Formaldehyde is the aldehyde that is most frequently generated industrially. According to research, cinnamonaldehyde is a natural health molecule that is administered to treat both diarrhoea and the common cold.

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The principle of option D. Uniformitarianism states that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the

Option D. Uniformitarianism is the principle stating that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the geologic past. It is based on the idea that the present is the key to the past. In other words, the same natural laws that operate in the universe today have been operating since the beginning of time.

James Hutton was the first to propose this principle in the late 18th century. He suggested that the Earth was shaped by slow-acting geological forces such as erosion, sedimentation, and uplift over long periods of time. He believed that the same processes were still happening today and that they had operated in the past.

This principle is an important concept in geology because it allows scientists to interpret the Earth's history based on the processes that they observe today. By understanding how these processes work and how they have changed over time, scientists can reconstruct the history of the Earth and its environments.

Uniformitarianism has been tested and proven through many observations and experiments. For example, the study of sedimentary rocks has shown that they were formed in the past through the same processes that are observed today, such as deposition of sediment by water, wind, or ice.

Similarly, the study of volcanoes has shown that they are formed by the same processes as today, such as the movement of magma from deep within the Earth.

In conclusion, Uniformitarianism is the principle that allows us to interpret the Earth's history by observing the processes that shape it today. It is a fundamental concept in geology and has been tested and proven through many observations and experiments.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The mass of a substance when given the density and volume can be found by using the formula

mass = Density × volume

From the question we have

mass = 2 × 5

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

The amount of heat released from the combustion of 55 grams of ethanol with excess oxygen would be -1626.573 kJ.

The reaction for the combustion of ethanol is:

C₂H5OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O (AH° = -1366.7 kJ)

55 g ethanol x (1 mol / 46.07 g) = 1.19 mol ethanol

According to the balanced chemical equation, 1 mol of ethanol releases -1366.7 kJ of heat:

1 mol ethanol x (-1366.7 kJ / mol) = -1366.7 kJ

So, for 1.19 mol of ethanol combusted, the heat released will be:

1.19 mol ethanol x (-1366.7 kJ / mol) = -1626.573 kJ

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Among the given solutions, 0.10 M HC₃H₅O₃ is the only buffer solution.

Buffers are solutions that are able to withstand changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it. A buffer solution can be made by mixing a weak acid or weak base with its conjugate base or acid. Buffers are used to maintain a stable pH in solutions for several biological, chemical, and industrial processes. A buffer solution is most effective when the pH is near the pKa of the weak acid or base used to make it.

There are four solutions given in the question, namely 0.10 M HC₃H₅O₃, 0.10 M NaC₃H₅O₃, 0.10 M HCl and 0.10 M NaCl. Among these solutions, only 0.10 M HC₃H₅O₃ is a buffer solution. This is because it is a weak acid (acetic acid) and it is mixed with its conjugate base (acetate ion) to form a buffer. The other three solutions are not buffers, as they do not have a weak acid or base mixed with its conjugate. Therefore, the correct answer is 0.10 M HC₃H₅O₃.

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Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring molecules, determining the physical properties of substances, including their melting and boiling points, viscosity, surface tension, and solubility. The intermolecular forces that occur in Crystal Violet (C25 H30 N3 Cl) include dispersion forces, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonds.

Dispersion forces:

Dispersion forces, also known as London forces, are weak forces between molecules that occur due to temporary dipoles that arise when the electron density of a molecule is not uniform. The molecules in Crystal Violet have an uneven distribution of electrons, resulting in temporary dipoles, which result in attraction forces between the molecules.

Dipole-dipole:

Dipole-dipole forces occur in polar molecules that have a positive end and a negative end. In Crystal Violet, the polar Cl atom creates a dipole moment, attracting the neighboring polar molecules.

Hydrogen bonds:

Hydrogen bonds are a specific type of dipole-dipole force that occurs when hydrogen atoms in polar molecules interact with electronegative atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine. In Crystal Violet, the nitrogen atoms can form hydrogen bonds with the electronegative Cl atoms, resulting in additional intermolecular forces.

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Answer:

Leucippus and Democritus

Explanation:

Hope this helps~ :D

Thank you so much! :D