consider the radioisotope ⁴¹ca (half life = 1.03 × 10⁵ years). what is the first order rate constant for ⁴¹ca?
Answers
The first-order rate constant for ⁴¹Ca is approximately 6.727 × 10⁻⁷ year⁻¹.
How to find the rate constant of a radioactive nuclei?
To find the first-order rate constant for ⁴¹Ca, which has a half-life of 1.03 × 10⁵ years, you can use the formula:
k = ln(2) / t½
where k is the first-order rate constant and t½ is the half-life.
Step 1: Substitute the given half-life value into the formula:
k = ln(2) / (1.03 × 10⁵ years)
Step 2: Calculate the natural logarithm of 2:
ln(2) ≈ 0.6931
Step 3: Divide the natural logarithm of 2 by the half-life:
k ≈ 0.6931 / (1.03 × 10⁵ years)
Step 4: Calculate the value of k:
k ≈ 6.727 × 10⁻⁷ year⁻¹
The first-order rate constant for ⁴¹Ca is approximately 6.727 × 10⁻⁷ year⁻¹.
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Related Questions
Help me please will give brainliest
Answers
well excuse the "s" at the end
What reagent (or compound) causes the observed visual change in a positive Lucas test? A. Cr(VI) is reduced to Cr(ll) B. The alkyl halide product is insoluble in water C. The product hydrazone is insoluble. D. Ag() is reduced to Ag(0)
Answers
Hydrogen bonds cannot be broken by the energy released during the dissolution of solid alkyl halides with water. Because of their inability to dissolve the hydrogen atoms between water molecules, alkyl halides cannot withstand their attraction to one another. Insoluble in water, it continues to be.
Is hydrogen produced by any plants?In the process of photosynthesis, plants split water into nitrogen and oxygen with the help of sunlight, and then mix the generated hydrogen with atmospheric carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates.
Do bodies benefit from hydrogen?Many of the factors implicated in the pathophysiology and etiology of the metabolic syndrome and the diseases it is associated with have been linked to molecular hydrogen's ability to attenuate peroxidation, enhance cellular function, and decrease chronic inflammation5.
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Rx Ephedrine sulfate (fz. pt = -0.13°C). 2%
Sodium chloride MW 58.5
Purified water qs ad. 30 mL
How much sodium chloride should be used to make this eye
solution isotonic with tears?
the answer is 22
Answers
The correct answer is the amount of sodium chloride needed to make this eye solution isotonic with tears is approximately 1.85 grams. Rounding it up to the nearest whole number gives us the answer as 2. Hence, the correct option is 22.
The given solution is a hypotonic solution as the solution's tonicity is lower than that of the tears. The tears contain 0.9% w/v of NaCl, which is isotonic with tears. So, to make the given solution isotonic, the amount of sodium chloride needs to be added.
The concentration of NaCl in tears is 0.9% w/v. Additional Information: We know that % w/v is the amount of solute present in grams per 100 ml of the solution. Therefore, 0.9% w/v means 0.9 grams of NaCl is present in 100 mL of tears.
To make 30 ml of isotonic solution, we can use the following formula: Equivalent weight of NaCl = 58.5/2 = 29.25 (as NaCl ionizes to give Na+ and Cl- ions)Moles of NaCl required to make 30 ml isotonic solution = 0.9 × 30 / 1000 = 0.027Moles of Na+ and Cl- ions present in 30 mL of isotonic solution = 2 × 0.027 = 0.054
A number of grams of NaCl needed to prepare 30 mL of isotonic solution is calculated as follows:0.054 g = (0.027 x 29.25 x X) / 1000Where X is the amount of NaCl required to make 30 mL isotonic solution. Solving this equation gives us: X = 1.85 g (approx). Therefore, the amount of sodium chloride needed to make this eye solution isotonic with tears is approximately 1.85 grams. Rounding it up to the nearest whole number gives us the answer as 2. Hence, the correct option is 22.
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.A person is unable to see distinctly the objects placed at large distances but is able to read a book comfortably. Name the defect of vision he is suffering from
Answers
Answer:
The defect of vision suffered by the person is Myopia
Explanation:
The person can't see farther objects but is able to read a book which is placed closely to the eyes, using these observations the person is suffering from MYOPIA(nearsightedness) in which observer see close objects clearly but farther objects appear blurred.
The light entering the eye isn't correctly bent, the eyeball becomes big , or the eye lens become too converging, which converges the light ray in front of the cornea
This defect can be cured by using concave lenses.
filtration process can be used to seperate solution which contain iron fillings and water
a. true
b. false
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
One mole is a quantity unit that is always equal to __________________________.
Answers
Answer:
6.022 × 10²³ units of that substance
Explanation:
Experimental data are collected as: x[100]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100}; y[100]={-92.3973,14.0677,98.9626,49.6151,111.88,-38.7967,52.1535,-101.325,65.6111,125.129,151.762, -123.132,-41.8744,-39.3356,-99.7856,-128.881,58.5477,-111.692,-75.3057,4.4723,-100.051,169.051, -15.6953,58.3125,147.346,10.9835,42.3421,166.697,-105.534,-90.2199,151.189,130.022,-8.1448,-51.3493, 164.427,119.154,-99.2704,155.986,133.212,118.035,13.1819,139.678,81.5178,-12.4377,-11.7671,146.627, -25.787,107.25,19.8867,15.6437,112.871,122.552,8.42037,-10.1364,146.682,178.531,203.565,-70.7871, 171.256,-50.6232,193.836,-34.7733,-68.9564,25.3423,75.6537,21.5484,46.5259,-64.22,-13.5792, 74.9213,-26.6872,30.5302,169.534,-36.7224,65.4419,113.978,68.1137,181.414,127.76,145.447,75.5486, 164.201,169.504,110.07,96.713,114.974,155.46,2.72803,-59.9407,13.426,29.9344,-11.052,176.639, 162.505,-18.3784,184.418,234.104,127.227,145.18,0.440172}; Obtain the regression line in the form of y = a x + b.
Answers
hi myself thx for the answers
State how many atoms are C8H8O3?
Answers
Answer:
8 carbon 8 hydrogen and 3 oxygen so 19 all together
Explanation:
A sheet of muscles called the diaphragm seals the bottom of this cavity true or false?<br />
The blood transports the oxygen to every cell in the body true or false?<br />
The cells need carbon dioxide to release energy true or false?<br />
Carbon Dioxide is a waste product of respiration true or false?<br />
Water is needed in the cells for respiration to occur true or false?<br />
Glucose is made during the respiration true or false?<br />
Respiration does not happen in the cells when we sleep true or false?<br />
Air enters the body through the nose and mouth, and passes into the wind pipe of the trachea true or false?
Answers
Answer:
1. False. White blood cells do.
2. False. Every seven years your cells are in the process of dying and being replaced. Although some cells don't die but your cells don't last for more than a period of 7 years.
3. True.
4. True.
5. False.
Explanation:
A. What chemicals are involved in the formation of acid rain? What are the sources of these chemicals? (2 points)
B. Describe the two types of acid rain. (2 points)
C. Why is acid rain a misleading term? What do you think would be a better term to describe this process? (2 points)
Answers
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The to main chemicals that lead to acid rain are SOx and NOx. The major source of oxides of sulphur are power plants while the major source of oxides of nitrogen is the combustion of fossil fuels.
B. There are two types of acid rain; wet and dry. Wet type acid rain occurs when NOx and SOx combine with water vapour in the atmosphere and fall as precipitation while in dry type, wind deposits these acidic gases/matter on the surfaces of buildings, cars, trees etc. Rain water washes off these acidic deposits and the runoff is more acidic than the rain water.
C. Natural rain water has a pH of about 5.5 due to the fact that water dissolve CO2 in the atmosphere. This means that natural rain water is also slightly acidic. Rain water that dissolves SOx or NOx is often more acidic than these hence the term 'enhanced acid rain' may be used.
Again, since precipitation could be solid or liquid, the term 'acid deposition' is better.
For the reaction, calculate how many moles of the product form when 0. 041 mol
of O2
completely reacts. Assume that there is more than enough of the other reactant. 2Ca(s)+O2(g)→2CaO(s)
Answers
0.082 moles of CaO are produced when 0.041 mol of \(O_2\)completely reacts.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2 Ca(s) + \(O_2\)(g) → 2 CaO(s)
0.041 mol \(O_2\)x (2 mol CaO / 1 mol \(O_2\)) = 0.082 mol CaO
A mole is a unit of measurement used to express the amount of a substance. One mole of a substance is defined as the amount of that substance that contains the same number of particles (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12. This number is known as Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23.
Using moles, chemists can easily compare and relate the amounts of different substances in a reaction. For example, in a chemical reaction, the reactants may be present in different amounts, but by converting their masses to moles, it is possible to determine the limiting reactant and the theoretical yield of the reaction. Moles are also used to calculate concentrations of solutions, which is important in many chemical processes. The concentration of a solution can be expressed in moles per liter (mol/L) or molarity.
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Question 1 (5 points) Saved What are the hybridization state_ molecular geometry and approximate bond angle for the methyl cation, CH3 sp? , trigonal pyramidal, 107 sp2 , trigonal planar; 1208 sp3 , trigonal pyramidal, 109.5" sp; linear 180* sp? tetrahedral, 109.58
Answers
the methyl cation has an sp3 hybridization state, a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry, and a bond angle of approximately 109.5 degrees. These concepts are essential for understanding the properties and behavior of molecules in chemistry.
Hybridization state, molecular geometry, and bond angles are fundamental concepts in chemistry that help us understand the behavior and properties of molecules. In this answer, we will discuss these concepts and apply them to the methyl cation, CH3+.
The hybridization state of an atom refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals that are suitable for bonding. The most common types of hybridization are sp, sp2, sp3, and sp3d, which correspond to one, two, three, and four hybrid orbitals, respectively. In the case of the methyl cation, the central carbon atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, and the total number of electron groups is four. Therefore, the hybridization state of the carbon atom is sp3.
The molecular geometry of a molecule describes the spatial arrangement of its atoms. The molecular geometry is determined by the number of electron groups around the central atom and the nature of the bonding electrons. The VSEPR theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory) is commonly used to predict the molecular geometry of a molecule. According to VSEPR theory, the electron groups around the central atom repel each other, and the molecule will adopt a shape that minimizes this repulsion.
In the case of the methyl cation, the central carbon atom has four electron groups, including three single bonds with hydrogen atoms and one lone pair. The lone pair of electrons exerts a greater repulsive force than the bonding pairs, leading to a distorted tetrahedral molecular geometry. The methyl cation has a trigonal pyramidal shape, with the three hydrogen atoms positioned at the corners of a triangle and the lone pair occupying the apex.
The bond angle is the angle formed between two adjacent bonds. The bond angle is also influenced by the repulsive forces between the electron groups around the central atom. In the case of the methyl cation, the bond angle between the three hydrogen atoms is approximately 109.5 degrees, which is slightly less than the ideal tetrahedral angle of 109.58 degrees. The bond angle is slightly reduced because the lone pair of electrons exerts a greater repulsive force than the bonding pairs.
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what does it mean to say that an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is either enzyme-limited or substrate-limited?
Answers
Nothing changes; it stays the same.
What does it imply to claim that a reaction is being catalysed by an enzyme?
Enzymatic catalysis of a reaction involving two substrates. The two substrates are brought together in the correct direction and location to react with one another using the template provided by the enzyme.
How do enzymes decide what to eat for fuel?
Finding the peptide sequences that proteases cleave in vitro—or, more specifically, which amino acids span the cleavage site and are recognised by the enzyme's active site—is one method of identifying prospective protease substrates. The proteome is then searched for substrates using these sequences, much like partial licence plate numbers
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please help me
16 1 point What is the decay rate of a sample of Oxygen-21 if the sample has 8.31x1017 atoms and a decay constant of 0.203/s? 4.09x1018Bq 1.69x10¹7Bq 0.203Bq 2.44x10-1⁹Bq Previous
Answers
decay rate of approximately 1.69x10^17 Bq (becquerels),
The decay rate of a radioactive sample is determined by the number of radioactive atoms present and the decay constant, which represents the probability of decay per unit of time.
To calculate the decay rate, we multiply the number of atoms in the sample by the decay constant. In this case, the sample has 8.31x10^17 atoms and a decay constant of 0.203/s. Multiplying these values gives a decay rate of approximately 1.69x10^17 Bq (becquerels), which represents the number of decays per second in the sample.
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the onset of helium burning at the core of a star normally begins with
Answers
The onset of helium burning at the core of a star normally begins with a process called helium flash.
This occurs when the helium in the core becomes dense enough and hot enough to undergo nuclear fusion. The temperature needed for helium fusion is much higher than that required for hydrogen fusion, so helium burning only occurs in the very central regions of stars that have exhausted their hydrogen fuel.
During the helium flash, the core rapidly heats up and expands, which causes a rapid increase in the fusion rate and the production of large amounts of energy. This energy is then transported outwards, causing the outer layers of the star to expand and cool, resulting in a brief but intense phase of stellar evolution known as the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase.
The onset of helium burning at the core of a star normally begins with the process called the "triple-alpha process." In the triple-alpha process, three helium nuclei, also known as alpha particles, combine to form a carbon nucleus. This fusion process occurs when the star has exhausted its hydrogen fuel in the core and has reached a high enough temperature and pressure for helium burning to begin.
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Calcium is element 20 in the Periodic Table, has a mass of 40 amu and forms a 2+ ionic species. The calcium ion therefore has a. 18 protons, 18 neutrons and 22 electrons b. 22 protons, 18 neutrons and 18 electrons c. 20 protons, 20 neutrons and 18 electrons d. 18 protons, 20 neutrons and 20 electrons e. 20 protons, 18 neutrons and 20 electrons 1. In the following expression a∼1/b, what is the relationship between the components a and b ? a. Direct proportion b. None of the above c. Exact equation d. Inverse proportion e. Proportionality constant
Answers
The calcium ion has 18 protons, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons.
The relationship between the components a and b is Inverse proportion.
The calcium ion (Ca2+) has a 2+ charge, indicating that it has lost 2 electrons from its neutral state. To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the calcium ion, we need to consider its atomic number and mass.
The atomic number of calcium is 20, which indicates that it has 20 protons. Since the calcium ion has a 2+ charge, it means it has lost 2 electrons. Therefore, the number of electrons in the calcium ion is 20 - 2 = 18.
The mass number of calcium is 40 amu, which represents the total number of protons and neutrons. Since the calcium ion has 20 protons, the number of neutrons can be calculated as 40 - 20 = 20.
So, the correct option is: d. 18 protons, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons
In the expression a∼1/b, the relationship between the components a and b is an inverse proportion. This means that as the value of a increases, the value of b decreases, and vice versa. The symbol ∼ represents the proportional relationship between a and 1/b, indicating that they are inversely related. Therefore, the correct answer is: Inverse proportion
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(15 points) Which element below has properties of both metals and nonmetals?
A. zinc
B. aluminum
C. copper
D. boron
Answers
Answer:
boron
Explanation:
boron is a metaloid meaning it has the property of a metal and a non metal located where metals and non metals meet on the periodic table
Answer:
The answer is boron, the second answer is chlorine
Explanation:
edge 2022, have a great day h0mies
a student mixes 31.0 ml of 3.06 m pb(no3)2(aq) with 20.0 ml of 0.00187 m na2so4(aq) . how many moles of pbso4(s) precipitate from the resulting solution? the sp of pbso4(s) is 2.5×10−8 .
Answers
The number of moles of PbSO₄(s) precipitated from the resulting solution would be 0.0141 moles.
A precipitation reaction will take place in which the Na₂SO₄(aq) and Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) will react and form PbSO₄(s) solid and NaNO₃(aq).
This is the balanced chemical reaction that takes place:Na₂SO₄(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) → PbSO₄(s) + 2NaNO₃(aq)
We first need to determine the number of moles of Na₂SO₄(aq) that is available:0.0200 L × 0.00187 mol/L = 3.74 × 10⁻⁵ mol Na₂SO₄(aq)
Since the reaction has a 1:1 molar ratio between Na₂SO₄(aq) and PbSO₄(s), the number of moles of PbSO₄(s) that will form will be the same.
Therefore, 3.74 × 10⁻⁵ mol PbSO₄(s) will form.In order to calculate the mass of PbSO₄(s) that will precipitate out, we can use the formula:m = n × MM
where m = mass in grams, n = number of moles, and MM = molar mass of PbSO₄The molar mass of PbSO₄ is:1 Pb + 1 S + 4 O = 207.2 g/molSo, mass of PbSO₄(s) = 0.00775 g
We can use the solubility product constant (Ksp) to determine if all of the PbSO₄(s) will precipitate out.Ksp = [Pb²⁺][SO₄²⁻] = 2.5 × 10⁻⁸[Pb²⁺] = [SO₄²⁻] = xMoles of Pb²⁺ and SO₄²⁻ = 0.0141 mol
The molarity of PbSO₄(s) is thus:0.0141 mol ÷ 0.051 L = 0.276 M
This is greater than the Ksp of 2.5 × 10⁻⁸, so not all of the PbSO₄(s) will precipitate out.
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questions: will the arsenic in well b-1 likely contaminate the water in clearwater lake? why or why not? in which direction is the contaminated water in well b-1 moving? which well will most likely show contamination of arsenic next?
Answers
Water desk elevation is the upper or below surface of the groundwater, when the soil or underlying rock material is wholly saturated with water. The water table can be contamination of ground water by hazarodus wastes, fertilisers, pesticides, acid rain etc
How can a element contaminate water table?
The water desk elevation of the Clearwater lake isn't always given. Assuming, the water desk elevation of B1 is 171ft. We recognize the idea that water flows from higher elevation to lower elevation. So the wells having elevation much less than 171 feet gets infected via way of means of B1 contaminants, however the ones are having better elevation that 171ft will no longer get infected.
And approximately the route of infected water, the infected water will float closer to the course in the Wells of decrease elevation than 171ft.
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How many moles FeBr3 are required
to generate 275 g NaBr?
2FeBr3 + 3Na₂S → Fe₂S3 +6NaBr
Answers
Answer:
0.893mol
Explanation:
n = m ÷ M
= 275 ÷ (23 + 80)
= 2.67 mol
* now use the Mol ratio *
NaBr : FeBr3
6 : 2
2.67 : x
5.67 = 6x
n( FeBr3 ) = 0.893 mol
In a reaction, your actual product had a mass of 13.7 grams. You calculated that you need 29.3 grams to have the reaction go to completion. What is your percent yield?
Answers
Answer:
5.0
Explanation:
Consider these two electron configurations for neutral atoms L and M.
L - 1s22s22p63s2
M - 1s22s22p63s13p1
What is the difference between atom L and atom M?
One of the 2p electrons in L has jumped to an excited state
One of the 3p electrons in L has jumped down to a lower energy state
One of the 3s electrons in M has jumped to an excited stat
One of the 3p electrons in M has jumped down to a lower energy state
Answers
Answer:
The 3p electron in M has jumped down to a lower energy state
Explanation:
L - 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²
M - 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s3p
L and M have the same number of electrons, so they are atoms of the same element.
Atom M is an excited state of atom L.
Either atom L has been excited to atom M or atom M has dropped to the ground state to form atom L.
A is wrong. Both atoms have two 2p electrons.
B is wrong. Atom L has no 3p electrons.
C is wrong. The 3s electron of atom L is already in its lowest energy state.
What molecule is removed during dehydration synthesis?.
Answers
Answer: two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom are removed during dehydration synthesis.
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Select the curve that is produced by adding hydrochloric acid to 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide.A,B,C or D
Answers
B
The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is a basic solution, so the pH of that solution should be close to 14
then when adding hydrochloric acid (HCl) we start to neutralice the solution, meaning the pH must sift slowly to lower pH.
Assuming both solutions have similar concentration the pH shall shift form basic (above 7) to acid pH (below 7). Until now both B and D images agreed with the explanation given. To chose between them we need to remember that HCl is a very strong acid, which means that in solution will get to very acid solutions (very low pH values) which leaves only B as possible answer
Two or more substances which are not chemically combined but only mixed together form a ________.A.residueB.compoundC.distillateD.mixture
Answers
Two or more substances which are not chemically combined but only mixed together form a mixture.
What is a Chemical mixture?When two or more things come together physically rather than chemically, they form a combination. Heterogeneous and homogeneous mixes are the two primary types of mixtures. When a combination is homogeneous, all of the ingredients are spread uniformly (salt water, air, blood).A mixture is considered heterogeneous if its composition is not constant throughout the solution. A pure material or a homogenous mixture is what is meant by the term "single-phase." In a heterogeneous mixture, there are at least two stages.Additionally, homogenous mixtures, usually referred to as solutions, can exist. The constituent particles of a mixture are similar and have a consistent makeup.Learn more about Chemical mixture refer to :
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How long would it take a family leaving the mountain to get home if they live 270 km away and they wanted to make it home in three hours
Answers
Arrange the compounds of this series in order of increasing acid strength.
Responses
A Sulfurous acid (H2SO3), Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO3F), Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)Sulfurous acid (H 2 SO 3 ), Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO 3 F), Sulfuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 )
B Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4), Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO3F), Sulfurous acid (H2SO3)
Sulfuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 ), Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO 3 F), Sulfurous acid (H 2 SO 3 )
C Sulfurous acid (H2SO3), Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4), Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO3F)Sulfurous acid (H 2 SO 3 ), Sulfuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 ), Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO 3 F)
D Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO3F), Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4), Sulfurous acid (H2SO3)
Answers
The order of the arrangement of the strengths of the acids is;
Sulfurous acid < Sulfuric Acid < Fluorosulfuric acid. Option C
What is the acid strength?The term acid strength has to do with the ease with which the acid is ionized in water. If the acid is well ionized in water then the acid will have a great acid strength.
In this case, we must be able to consider the factors that could make an acid to ionize more freely such as the presence of highly electronegative elements that account for the weakening of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom and the subsequent ionization.
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The following is an example of which type of boundary?
A subduction zone
B convergent boundary
C divergent boundary
D transform boundary. . also pls no links or random answes
Answers
Identify the overall molecular dipole moment of water using a vector arrow.
Answers
The overall dipole moment of the water molecule is shown in the image attached.
What is dipole moment?We know that there is a dipole that exists in a molecule when there is an electronegativity difference between the atoms that are in the molecule. In the case of the water molecule, there is an electronegativity difference that exists between the atoms of the water molecule.
Now, hydrogen is the positive end of the dipole and the oxygen is the negative end of the dipole. We have seen the structures of the dipole moment. Now, the overall dipole moment of the water molecule is shown in the image attached.
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a 0.90 m m aqueous solution of an ionic compound with the formula mx has a freezing point of -3.0 ∘c ∘c .
Answers
The given information states that a 0.90 mM aqueous solution of an ionic compound with the formula MX has a freezing point of -3.0 °C.
The freezing point depression is a colligative property that depends on the concentration of solute particles in a solution. In this case, the ionic compound MX dissociates into ions when dissolved in water, contributing to the total number of solute particles.
The freezing point depression can be calculated using the equation ∆T = Kf * m, where ∆T represents the change in freezing point, Kf is the freezing point depression constant, and m is the molality of the solution (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent). By substituting the given values, we can determine the molality of the solution.
Since the compound MX dissociates into two particles (M+ and X-), the effective concentration of solute particles is twice the actual molarity. Therefore, the molality of the solution is equal to 2 * 0.90 mM = 1.80 mM.
To calculate the freezing point depression, we need the freezing point depression constant for water (Kf). Given that the freezing point depression constant for water is approximately 1.86 °C/m, we can use this value to determine the change in freezing point (∆T).
∆T = Kf * m = 1.86 °C/m * 1.80 mM = 3.35 °C
Since the freezing point of the solution is -3.0 °C, the change in freezing point (∆T) is -3.0 °C - (-3.35 °C) = 0.35 °C. This means that the freezing point of the pure solvent (water) would be 0.35 °C higher than the observed freezing point of the solution.
In conclusion, the freezing point depression calculation allows us to determine the molality of the solution and the change in freezing point compared to the pure solvent. These values provide valuable information about the properties of the solution and its composition.
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