citric acid, which is present in citrus fruits, is a triprotic acid (table 16.3). (a) calculate the ph of a 0.040 m solution of citric acid. (b) did you have to make any approximations or assumptions in completing your calculations? (c) is the concentration of citrate ion 1c6h5o7 3-2 equal to, less than, or greater than the h ion concentration?

Answers

Answer 1

The pH of a 0.040 M solution of citric acid is 0.92 and No, we did not have to make any approximations or assumptions in completing our calculations.

The pH of a 0.040 M solution of citric acid can be calculated using the equation:

pH = -log[H+]

Where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. First, we need to determine the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. Since citric acid is a triprotic acid, it can donate three hydrogen ions. Therefore, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution is:

[H+] = 3 x 0.040 M = 0.120 M

Now, we can plug this value into the equation to calculate the pH:

pH = -log[0.120] = 0.92

We used the given concentration of citric acid and the fact that it is a triprotic acid to calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, and then used this value to calculate the pH.

The concentration of citrate ion (C6H5O7 3-) is equal to the concentration of citric acid,

This is because each molecule of citric acid produces one citrate ion. Therefore, the concentration of citrate ion is 0.040 M. Since this is less than the concentration of hydrogen ions (0.120 M), the concentration of citrate ion is less than the H+ ion concentration.

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Related Questions

An event planner accidentally leaves a tray of cupcakes in his car for several hours on a sunny day. When he returns, the formerly firm frosting is now runny and wet to the touch. Which answer choice best describes what happened in this scenario? The particles of frosting released energy to their surroundings and changed from the solid to the liquid state. The particles of frosting released energy to their surroundings and changed from the liquid to the solid state. The particles of frosting absorbed energy from their surroundings and changed from the solid to the liquid state. The particles of frosting absorbed energy from their surroundings and changed from the liquid to the solid state.

Answers

Answer:

The particles of frosting absorbed energy from their surroundings and changed from the solid to the liquid state.

Explanation:

On a sunny day, the energy of the particles in the surrounding is higher than the energy of the frosting tray of cupcakes.

As a result of the exchange of energy between the tray of cupcakes and the surrounding, the tray of cupcakes absorbs energy from the surrounding. When this occurs, the firm frosting is now converted from solid to liquid which is runny and wet to touch, hence the answer above.

4. if a small amount of carboxylic acid is produced in the oxidation reaction of a primary alcohol with the tempo/tcca, why would you not likely observe it in the ir spectrum of the product mixture? hint: what aqueous solutions are used to extract the organic layer during the product isolation portion of the experiment?

Answers

The presence of aqueous solutions during extraction results in the carboxylic acid being less likely to be observed in the IR spectrum, as it is converted into a more soluble salt and removed from the organic layer.

In an oxidation reaction involving a primary alcohol and tempo/TCCA, a small amount of carboxylic acid may be produced. However, it may not be easily observed in the IR spectrum of the product mixture. This is primarily due to the extraction process during the product isolation phase.
During product isolation, aqueous solutions are used to extract the organic layer. Commonly, solutions such as sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are used. These solutions act as bases and can react with the carboxylic acid to form a water-soluble carboxylate salt. This reaction removes the carboxylic acid from the organic layer, causing it to become less concentrated or undetectable in the IR spectrum of the final product mixture.
Hence, the presence of aqueous solutions during extraction results in the carboxylic acid being less likely to be observed in the IR spectrum, as it is converted into a more soluble salt and removed from the organic layer.

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Which of the following processes is not an example of physical weathering?

A. acidification
B. abrasion
C. frost action
D. exfoliation

Answers

Answer:

acidification

Answer:

I think its A

Explanation:

Hope this helps: )

Which neutral atom is isoelectronic with F+

Answers

An ion is said to be isoelectronic with an atom or ion if they have the same number of electrons or electron configuration.

F+ is a cation of fluorine, which means it has lost one electron from the neutral fluorine atom. The neutral atom of fluorine has nine electrons and the electron configuration of [He] 2s2 2p5.

To find an atom that is isoelectronic with F+, we need to look for an atom or ion that also has 8 electrons and the same electron configuration.

One example of an atom that is isoelectronic with F+ is Ne (neon). Neon has 10 electrons and the electron configuration of [He] 2s2 2p6. If one electron is removed from neon, it becomes isoelectronic with F+ and has the same electron configuration as F+ of [He] 2s2 2p5.

Therefore, the neutral atom that is isoelectronic with F+ is Ne.

Florence is only able to find 0. 015 m aqueous ki/i2 on the reagent cart, so they perform a dilution by combining 10 ml of water and 10 ml of the available reagent. They now have 0. 0075 m aqueous ki/i2 which can be used at station c. Is there a difference in the chemical composition of the solution florence made from what was available on the reagent cart?.

Answers

Florence is only able to find 0. 015 m aqueous ki/i2 on the reagent cart, so they perform a dilution by combining 10 ml of water and 10 ml of the available reagent. They now have 0. 0075 m aqueous ki/i2 which can be used at station there is no difference in the chemical composition of the solution because water was already present in the solution.

Florence is a type of flask used as an item of laboratory glassware and is named after the city Florence. here Florence flask is only able to find 0. 015 m aqueous Ki/i2 on the reagent cart they perform a dilution by combining 10 ml of water and 10 ml of the available reagent They now have 0. 0075 m aqueous Ki/i2 which can be used at station there is no difference  because water was already present in the solution water is only present on the reagent cart.

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When the solutes are evenly distributed throughout a solution, we say the solution has reached _______.

Answers

The answer would be equilibrium i.e., when the solutes are evenly distributed throughout a solution, we say that solution has reached equilibrium.

Diffusion is the unbidden motion of piece from high concentration to low concentration.

There are two types of diffusion:

1. Diffusion through a fluid : If you pour few drops of violet color in the container containing water it will mixed evenly in the container until equilibrium achieved.

2. Diffusion across a membrane : It is the method in which solutes are proceed through the concentration gradient in a solution over a semipermeable membrane. The abetment of membrane proteins is not necessary during this process of diffusion accordingly substances move from higher concentration to lower concentrations.

And in this way equilibrium achieved.

Hence, in conclusion the answer will be the equilibrium.

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solid iron with copper (II) sulfate. Assume the iron will form a +2 charge on the product side. Write the balanced equation for this reaction

Answers

Answer:

hey here is the answer to your question.

Explanation:

1) Write a balanced equation for the reaction occurring. (*Iron occurs in a few different oxidation states, but I will assume we're referring to Fe(II) or Fe2+)

Fe + CuSO4 -> Cu + FeSO4

2) Calculate the number of moles of each reactant.

Fe: 1.924 g * (1 mol / 55.85 g) = 0.03455 mol Fe

CuSO4: 0.1363 L * (0.0750 mol / 1 L) = 0.01022 mol CuSO4

3) Determine the limiting reactant. Because we have fewer moles of copper(II) sulfate and are reacting both reactants in a 1:1 ratio, we will run out of copper(II) sulfate first, making it the limiting reactant.

4) Convert moles of the limiting reactant to moles and grams of product of interest.

0.01022 CuSO4 (1 mol Cu / 1 mol CuSO4 ) (63.55 g Cu / 1 mol Cu) = 0.6495 g Cu

phyy S. Use different flowers to make a variety of dyes and try to market the dyes. State the properties of the dyes made.​

Answers

The properties of the dyes you can make from different flowers are:

Color VariationNatural and Eco-friendlyAromatic QualitiesLightfastness and DurabilityNatural Variability

What is the variety of dyes

Flower dyes have unique colors to offer a range of options for marketing. Rose petals yield pink and red shades. They are Natural and safe. Eco-conscious consumers prefer synthetic-free products, making your dyes attractive.

In terms of Aromatic Qualities: Lavender and jasmine smell nice. Using these flowers in dyes adds subtle scents for a sensory experience. Lightfastness and durability are crucial for creating dyes that resist fading when in the sunlight.

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Pls help A student studies the effect of an object's height on its amount of gravitational energy. This graph summarizes the data from the study. Which statement best describes what the graph shows? A. As height increases, gravitational energy decreases. B. As height increases, gravitational energy increases. C. As height increases, gravitational energy increases exponentially. D. As height increases, gravitational energy decreases exponentially.

Answers

Answer:

B, as height increases gravitational energy increases

what is the ph of a strontium hydroxide solution obtained by dissolving 0.17 grams of strontium hydroxide in enough water to obtain 670. ml of solution? insert your answer in decimal notation, rounded to 2 decimal digits.

Answers

The pH of a strontium hydroxide was obtained by dissolving 0.17 grams of strontium hydroxide in enough water to obtain 670. ml of solution is 3.6.

What is pH?

The range of pH goes from 0 to 14, with 7 acting as neutral. A pH value of 7 or less denotes acidity, while a pH value of 7 or more denotes baseness. The amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions present in the solution is what determines the pH of water.

Molarity of strontium hydroxide = mass/volume

Molarity of strontium hydroxide = 0.17/670

Molarity of strontium hydroxide = 0.000253 = 2.53 × 10⁻⁴

pH = - log [strontium hydroxide]

pH = -log [2.53 × 10⁻⁴]

pH = 3.59

pH = 3.6

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How many grams of carbon are there in 100 g of carbon dioxide? Show your work.

Answers

Answer:

200 I would think..

Explanation:

Feel free to correct me if i'm wrong

Is there any multiple choice??

Potatoes are cut into many parts, making sure that each part has at least one eye (bud). Each piece of potato will usually grow into a new potato plant. Will a new potato plant grow, if planted only with the eye? A. Yes, a full new potato plant can grow from it. B. Yes, but the new plant will take a slightly longer time to germinate. C. No, a new potato plant will not grow because the food needed for germination comes from the potato piece. D. No, a new potato plant will not grow because the leaves emerge only from the potato piece.

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

the eye is the most important so it would grow but it will take some time because if we plant it with piece it has some food

Generating energy through combustion of renewable biofuels that cause
minimal harm to the environment is an example of
A. fuel efficiency
B. renewable resources
C. combustive energy
D. green design

Answers

Generating energy through combustion of renewable biofuels that cause

minimal harm to the environment is an example of renewable resources.

What do you mean by Generating energy?

Generating energy refers to the process of producing usable energy in different forms such as electricity, heat, or mechanical energy, that can be used to power homes, buildings, vehicles, and other devices.

Energy can be generated from various sources, such as fossil fuels, renewable resources like solar, wind, and hydropower, and other alternative sources like nuclear power. The process of generating energy involves converting the potential energy stored in these sources into usable energy forms, which can be distributed and consumed by end-users.

The answer is B. renewable resources.

Generating energy through combustion of renewable biofuels that cause minimal harm to the environment is an example of using renewable resources. Renewable biofuels come from organic matter, such as agricultural crops, forestry residues, or even food waste. Unlike fossil fuels, these resources can be replenished within a reasonable time frame, making them a sustainable option for energy production. By using renewable biofuels, we reduce our dependence on non-renewable resources, while minimizing the environmental impact of our energy production.

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Besides color, what other factors do designers consider when coming up with winning color combos?

Answers

Answer:

Consider your personal preferences first because the colors you use in your home need to reflect those preferences as well as fit in with your lifestyle.

Light has an influence over the colors that can make them look stunning as well as dull. Different types of light sources such as incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, or LED will affect the way a color appears.

The orientation of the room such as the direction it faces or how much natural or artificial light is available can also affect how colors will appear in the room. So, consider the room specifications as well.

Consider fixed as well as furnished elements and accessories as they too have color. Take them into consideration to ensure that camouflaging or clashing doesn’t happen.

Consider the texture of walls whether they are smooth, rough, or in between. The texture will change the appearance of the color. Smooth walls will appear lighter while rough walls will appear darker.

Consider the kind of mood you want to set in a particular room. Different colors as well as their hues and combinations emote different feelings.

Consider the finishing if the paint whether to use gloss, semi-gloss, or satin to name a few. The finish of the t will have a lot to do with the final look of your color.

Which element is a metal?
A. Ba
B. I
C. O
D. S

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

A. Ba is a metal
hope this helps :)

How many moles of copper would be needed to make one mole of cu2o?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

You can view more details on each measurement unit: molecular weight of Copper(I) Oxide or grams The molecular formula for Copper(I) Oxide is Cu2O. The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole. 1 mole is equal to 1 moles Copper(I) Oxide, or 143.0914 grams.

100 pts
HELP!!!!!!!!
Between steps 2 and 3, the chemical energy in the coal is converted to
electrical energy

mechanical energy

transitional energy

heat energy

100 pts HELP!!!!!!!!Between steps 2 and 3, the chemical energy in the coal is converted toelectrical

Answers

Answer:

It Is Transitional Energy.

Explanation: I Took The Quiz And Got It Wrong. It Showed That Transitional Energy Was The Correct Answer.

Answer:

heat energy

Explanation:

3. An adult rhino is 1350 kilograms. What is its mass in micrograms? Please write your answer in correct Scientific Notation. Micrograms

Answers

Answer:

1.35×10¹² μg

Explanation:

Mass (Kg) = 1350 Kg

Mass (μg) =?

Thus, we can obtain the mass of the adult rhino in micrograms (μg) by converting 1350 Kg to microgram (μg) as follow:

1 Kg = 1×10⁹ μg

Therefore,

1350 Kg = 1350 kg / 1 kg × 1×10⁹ μg

1350 Kg = 1.35×10¹² μg

Therefore, 1350 Kg is equivalent to 1.35×10¹² μg.

Answer:

To convert 1350 kilograms to micrograms, we need to multiply by a conversion factor that takes us from kilograms to micrograms.

1 kilogram = 1,000,000,000 micrograms (by definition)

So,

1350 kilograms = 1350 x 1,000,000,000 micrograms

= 1.35 x 10^12 micrograms (in scientific notation)

Therefore, the mass of an adult rhino is 1.35 x 10^12 micrograms.

A car gets 28.0 miles/gallon of gas on the highway. What is this in
km/L?

Answers

Answer:

11.905 km/L

Explanation:

Given that,

A car gets 28.0 miles/gallon of gas on the highway.

We need to find the volume into km/L

We know that,

1 mile = 1.60934 km

Also,

1 gallon = 3.785 litre

So,

\(28\ \text{miles per gallon}=28\times \dfrac{1.60934\ km}{3.785\ L}\\\\=11.905\ \text{km/L}\)

Hence, the car get 11.905 km/L of the gas.

List and explain Sir. Isaac Newton’s 3 laws

Answers

Answer:

Newton’s first law of motion implies that things cannot start, stop, or change direction all by themselves, and it requires some force from the outside to cause such a change. This property of massive bodies to resist changes in their state of motion is called inertia. The first law of motion is also known as the law of inertia.

Newton’s second law of motion describes what happens to the massive body when acted upon by an external force. The second law of motion states that the force acting on the body is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration.

Newton’s third law of motion describes what happens to the body when it exerts a force on another body.

Explanation:

hope this helps

what is a mixture of elements and compounds

what is a mixture of elements and compounds

Answers

The substance in the image above would be classified as a mixture of elements (option E).

What is a compound and mixture?

A compound is a substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight.

On the other hand, a mixture is made when two or more substances are combined, but they are not combined chemically.

According to this question, an image is shown with two different substances or elements as distinguished by coloration (white and purple). These elements are combined but not chemically bonded, hence, is a mixture.

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Which of the following are good leaving.groups? Choose all that apply. a.-OMs b. O C.-Cl 3r e.OH O1s 9. -OTf d.

Answers

The good leaving groups are a.-OMs, c.-Cl, e.-OTf, and d.-O1s. The reactivity of alkyl halides and, thus, the rate of S N 1 and S N 2 reactions are influenced by the identity of the halogen and the leaving group.

Alkyl halides containing 1° or 2° carbon atoms react most quickly in S N 2 reactions when the halogen is a good leaving group. S N 2 reaction rate is influenced by the nucleophile's nature, the solvent, the temperature, and the leaving group's quality.

As leaving groups, the most commonly used are halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I) and certain functional groups such as mesylate (MsO–), tosylate (TsO–), and triflate (CF3SO3–).

The good leaving groups are a.-OMs, c.-Cl, e.-OTf, and d.-O1s. These groups are much less reactive than halogens in organic reactions because they are relatively stable and large.

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4. An industrial gas storage tank with adjustable pressure has volume of 100.0 L when the
gas temperature is 55.0°C. Calculate the temperature of the gas if the volume drops to
75.0 L with no loss in pressure.

Answers

Taking into account the Charles' law, the temperature of the gas if the volume drops to 75.0 L is 246 K or -27 C.

Charles' law

Charles' law establishes the relationship between the temperature and the volume of a gas when the pressure is constant. This law says that for a given sum of gas at constant pressure, as the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases and as the temperature decreases, the volume of the gas decreases. That is, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.

Mathematically, Charles' law is a law that says that when the amount of gas and pressure remain constant, the ratio between volume and temperature will always have the same value:

\(\frac{V}{T}=k\)

Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:

\(\frac{V1}{T1}=\frac{V2}{T2}\)

Final temperature

In this case, you know:

V1= 100 LT1= 55 C= 328 K (being 0 C= 273 K)V2= 75 LT2= ?

Replacing in Charles's law:

\(\frac{100 L}{328 K}=\frac{75 L}{T2}\)

Solving:

\(T2x\frac{100 L}{328 K}=75 L\)

\(T2=\frac{75 L}{\frac{100 L}{328 K}}\)

T2= 246 K= -27 C

Finally, the temperature of the gas if the volume drops to 75.0 L is 246 K or -27 C.

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3
Ethene burns in an excess of oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
The equation for the reaction is
C₂H4 & 30₂
2002 + 2H2O.
The relative molecular mass of ethene is 28 and the relative molecular mass of water is 18.
(A: 0, 16; C, 12]
(a) (1) Calculate the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide.
...[1]
(ii) Complete the following sentences.
28 g of ethene produces ........
..g of carbon dioxide and ..
g of water.
[3]
0.7g of ethene produces ..............g of carbon dioxide.
(b) Complete the diagram to show the bonds in a molecule of ethene.
H
H
C C
H
H​

Answers

Answer:

(a) (i) 44

(ii) 88 and 36

(iii) 2.2

(b)H₂–C=C–H₂

S-T Segment
Period of uniform depolarization of the ventricles

Answers

The deflection wave that correlates to the period of uniform depolarization of the ventricles is known as the QRS complex.

This wave represents the depolarization of the ventricles, which is the electrical activity that stimulates the muscles of the ventricles to contract and pump blood out of the heart. The QRS complex is typically the largest wave on an ECG, and it consists of three individual waves: the Q wave, the R wave, and the S wave. The Q wave represents the initial depolarization of the interventricular septum, the R wave represents the depolarization of the main mass of the ventricles, and the S wave represents the final phase of ventricular depolarization. The duration and morphology of the QRS complex can provide valuable diagnostic information about various cardiac conditions, including conduction abnormalities, ischemia, and infarction.

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complete question: Which deflection wave of an ECG correlates to the period of uniform depolarization of the ventricles?

Help me out please :)

Help me out please :)

Answers

Answer:

The strength of the forces holding the particles of a substance together determines its physical state at a given temperature. The stronger the forces the more energy required to overcome them and hence the particles remain in a fixed position and the substance is solid, while weaker forces may allow the particles to move freely making the substance a gas.

Explanation:

In the case of carbon dioxide (CO2), the particles are held together by weak van der Waals forces. These forces are not strong enough to keep the particles in a fixed position, so they are able to move freely and take on the properties of a gas at room temperature.

In the case of water (H2O), the particles are held together by hydrogen bonds. These bonds are stronger than the van der Waals forces in CO2, so the particles are not able to move as freely. As a result, water takes on the properties of a liquid at room temperature.

Salt (NaCl) is made up of positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-). These ions are held together by strong ionic bonds, which keep the particles in a fixed position. As a result, salt takes on the properties of a solid at room temperature.

Classify each organic compound based on the functional group it contains

Answers

Organic compound which has -OH as functional group is classified as alcohols while those with -COOH as functional group are classified as carboxylic acids.

What is functional group?

Functional group is defined as a substituent or group of atoms or an atom which causes chemical reactions.Each functional group will react similarly regardless to the parent carbon chain to which it is attached.This helps in prediction of chemical reactions.

The reactivity of functional group can be enhanced by making modifications in the functional group .Atoms present in functional groups are linked to each other by means of covalent bonds.They are named along with organic compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature.

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james chadwick discovered this particle, which was the last of the subatomic particles to be characterized.

Answers

James Chadwick discovered the neutron, which was the last of the subatomic particles to be characterized.

James Chadwick bombarded alpha particles on the beryllium surface using radioactive decay o polonium as a source. He discovered penetrating particles with no charge. These particles were fast-moving with no positive or negative charge.

These radiations were made incident on paraffin wax. This experiment was very similar to Rutherford's experiment.

The mass of the neutron was almost equal to the mass of the proton but its penetrating power was higher than a proton. It can penetrate several inches of lead.

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Return all unused chemicals to their original containers true or false

Answers

Answer:

no

Explanation:Unused chemicals are never returned to their original containers because you will be contaminating the chemical. Dispose of unused chemicals in the proper containers.

If 3/5 < x < 67%, which of the following could be the value of x?

Answers

Answer:

2/3, or .66

Explanation:

the answer is. 2/3 .33
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