*
Replication can best be described as:
1.making new DNA using the old DNA
2.making RNA using DNA
3.making proteins using RNA
4.making proteins using DNA

To show that surface brightness does not depend on distance for galaxies in the nearby universe, let's first understand the concept of surface brightness and how it is calculated.

Surface brightness is defined as the amount of light emitted or received per unit area of an object, like a galaxy. It is usually measured in magnitudes per square arcsecond.

In the nearby universe, we can assume that galaxies do not sit at cosmological distances, meaning they are close enough that the expansion of the universe does not significantly affect their distances or observed properties.

Now, let's consider a galaxy of luminosity L, at a distance d from us. The flux (F) we receive from the galaxy can be calculated using the inverse square law:

F = L / (4 * π * d^2)

Next, we need to find the angular size (θ) of the galaxy. This can be done using the small angle approximation:

θ = D / d, where D is the physical size of the galaxy.

The surface brightness (SB) is the flux per unit angular area. So, we can write:

SB = F / (θ^2)

Now let's substitute F and θ in terms of L, d, and D:

SB = [L / (4 * π * d^2)] / [(D / d)^2]

By simplifying the equation, we get:

SB = L / (4 * π * D^2)

As we can see from this equation, surface brightness (SB) depends on the luminosity (L) of the galaxy and its physical size (D). However, it does not depend on the distance (d) of the galaxy.

Therefore, the surface brightness of a galaxy does not depend on its distance, provided the galaxy is within the nearby universe and not at cosmological distances.

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This statement is incorrect. The energy needs of a human population are definitely affected by the location of energy sources, the amount of industry, the standard of living, and the use of technology.

The location of energy sources determine the availability and accessibility of energy to the population. For example, if a region has abundant reserves of fossil fuels, it may rely more heavily on non-renewable energy sources. On the other hand, if a region has access to ample solar, wind or hydroelectric resources, it may rely more on renewable energy sources.

The amount of industry and the standard of living can also have a significant impact on a population's energy needs. As industrial activity and living standards increase, so does the demand for energy. Modern industries rely heavily on energy-intensive processes such as manufacturing, transportation, and refrigeration.

The use of technology also plays a crucial role in meeting energy needs. With advances in technology, we have been able to develop more efficient and cleaner processes for energy production and consumption, such as the use of electric vehicles or the installation of solar panels.

In conclusion, the location of energy sources, the amount of industry, the standard of living, and the use of technology all significantly impact the energy needs of a human population.

Environmental changes can lead to evolution and adaptation of organisms, such as changes in physical and behavioral traits, but not all organisms may be able to adapt, leading to declines in population or extinction.

Organisms may develop new physical features, alter their metabolism, or change their behaviors to adapt to environmental changes.

Environmental change can put pressure on organisms, and those that are unable to adapt may experience declines in population or even extinction, while those that can adapt may survive and thrive.

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A specific location within a habitat that typically differs in environmental conditions from other parts of the habitat is called a microhabitat. A microhabitat is a small, specific area within a larger habitat that has unique environmental conditions. These conditions may include temperature, moisture, light, and other factors that differ from the surrounding habitat.

Microhabitats can be found in a variety of locations, including under rocks, in tree holes, and in the crevices of logs. These unique environmental conditions can provide a suitable habitat for different species of plants and animals that may not be able to survive in the larger habitat. Microhabitats can be important for biodiversity, as they provide opportunities for species to specialize and adapt to specific environmental conditions.

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Answer:

2. liquid water

Explanation:

Answer:

In my opinion I think liquid water came first.

Hope it helps :)

Answer:

Group 4

Explanation:

The control group in this case would be those students in group 4.

The control group during an experiment is a group that does not receive the treatment administered to other groups and as such used as a standard for measuring the effects of the treatment on other groups. Whatever differences that exist between the control group and the various treatment groups is attributed to be as a result of the treatment administered to the groups.

In this case, group 4 only used warm water for washing their hands instead of the hand sanitizer/soap used by the other groups. Whatever differences found out in the bacterial count in their respective culture swabs can be attributed to the effects of the hand sanitizer/soap.

Answer:

      Carbon is the foundation of all life on Earth, required to form complex molecules like proteins and DNA. Carbon helps to regulate the Earth's temperature, makes all life possible, is a key ingredient in the food that sustains us, and provides a major source of the energy to fuel our global economy. The carbon cycle describes the process in which carbon atoms continually travel from the atmosphere to the Earth and then back into the atmosphere. Since our planet and its atmosphere form a closed environment, the amount of carbon in this system does not change. Where the carbon is located in the atmosphere or on Earth is constantly in flux.

       On Earth, most carbon is stored in rocks and sediments, while the rest is located in the ocean, atmosphere, and in living organisms. Carbon is released back into the atmosphere when organisms die, volcanoes erupt, fires blaze, fossil fuels are burned, and through a variety of other mechanisms. In the case of the ocean, carbon is continually exchanged between the ocean's surface waters and the atmosphere, or is stored for long periods of time in the ocean depths. Humans play a major role in the carbon cycle through activities such as the burning of fossil fuels or land development. As a result, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rapidly rising; it is already considerably greater than at any time in the last 800,000 years.

Brainlist Pls!

Answer:

True

Explanation:

offspring inherits are most likely inherits from parents.

Scientists must assume that scientific laws are accurate, applicable, and based on reliable data for making predictions.

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The 2 sister chromatids join together at the centromere to make a chromosome.

Centromere can be seen as the highly constricted region in the chromosome. The spindle fibers also attach with the chromosome at this region during the process of cell division. The DNA at the centromere is highly repetitive.

Chromosome is the most condensed form of DNA. It is comprised of DNA and the histone proteins. The histone proteins play a major role in the formation of chromosome. Each chromosome has two equal copies called sister chromatids that are attached together at the centromere. The ends of sister chromatids are called telomeres.

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Answer:

Your skin colour is based on millions of years of evolution depending on where your ancestors lived and their living conditions. Skin colour varies on where you live (or came from). Children will have different tones or shades of skin from their parents due to human skin colour having multiple genes. This is an example of polygenic inheritance.

Explanation:

see the picture below to see how different skin colours depend on where they live:

hope this helps:)

Answer:

The shape allows the enzyme to bind with a specific substrate.

Explanation:

Substrates and enzymes are like puzzle pieces. They need to be specific shapes to fit together. When they fit together, they do their job wonderfully. If they are pushed together without being the correct shape, they could be damaged.

Answer:

African tegions

Explanation:

Over time several different populations—all raising cattle or camels in Northern Europe, East Africa and the Middle East—has gained the ability to digest milk for life.

Answer:

The correct answer is: several mutations affecting proto-oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes.

Explanation:

Cancer is the name given to a group of diseases that are characterized by an abnormal cell proliferation that can spread to other body parts and cause metastasis.

This atypical growth is caused by mutations in genes that regulate cell cycle and proliferation (called proto-oncogenes) and/or genes that intervene in inactivating mutated cells (called gene suppressing tumors). For cancer to occur, one single mutation isn't enough - there have to be several mutations affecting the previously mentioned genes.

Genetic mutations can happen because of a variety of reasons, most of the time they are a result of lifestyle choices (such as smoking) and environmental causes (like pollution, for example), although they can also be inherited.

Mutated cells can be killed by our immune system, but if they escape the immune response, they can proliferate and finally cause cancer.

Answer:

I think it should be the last one, "bacteria breaking down dead matter" hope this helps !!

The term you are referring to is "natural resources." Natural resources encompass all the elements and materials present in the environment that are considered valuable and useful for human activities. They include everything that is available in its natural state and can be used as productive inputs for various purposes.

Natural resources can be classified into different categories based on their origin and characteristics. Here are some examples:

1. Land and Soil: Land provides a physical space for human activities and supports various ecosystems. It includes arable land for agriculture, forests, grasslands, and other terrestrial environments. Soil, a crucial component of land, is essential for plant growth and agriculture.

2. Water Resources: Water is a vital natural resource, necessary for drinking, irrigation, industrial processes, and the functioning of ecosystems. It includes freshwater sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater.

3. Mineral and Energy Resources: This category includes minerals, ores, fossil fuels, and other energy sources. Examples include coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, iron ore, copper, gold, and various other minerals that are extracted and used in industries.

4. Forests and Biodiversity: Forests are rich sources of timber, wood products, and non-timber forest products. They also provide habitat for numerous species and play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and climate regulation.

5. Air and Atmosphere: While not typically thought of as a resource, the atmosphere provides essential gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen, necessary for life. It is also affected by human activities and is a vital component in climate regulation.

Natural resources are essential for sustaining human life and supporting economic activities. However, their availability and distribution are not uniform globally, leading to challenges in resource management, conservation, and equitable access. Responsible and sustainable use of natural resources is crucial to ensure their long-term availability and to mitigate negative environmental impacts.

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Answer:

Histrio?

Explanation:

Answer: sex cells

Explanation:

Sex cells have genetic information and DNA

Answer:

Genotype: The letters that make up the individual. E.g. TT or Tt. ▪ Phenotype: The physical characteristics of the particular trait. E.g. Tall or short. ▪ Dominant trait: Signified by capital letter-E.g. T.

Explanation:

Hope this helps pls mark brainliest.

Answer:

Respiration and photosynthesis

Answer:

The driving force behind the carbon cycle is respiration and photosynthesis.

Explanation:

because it is boi .>.

The correct option A.

A)  neurotransmitters that function as natural opiates in producing pleasure and pain.

Endogenous morphine is the name given to opioid neuropeptides that are produced naturally in the body and have the dual functions of inhibiting the sense of pain and being present in situations of pleasure. It was created by combining the two descriptive names into endorphins. Before the discovery and knowledge of endorphins, morphine receptors in the nervous system were discovered. This natural receptor hinted at the eventual confirmation of endorphins' existence and effects. In addition to their roles as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, endorphins have also been found to act as peptide hormones that the pituitary gland releases into the bloodstream.

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Answer:

d) driving cellular reaction

Explanation:

HOPE IT HELPS YOU

Answer:

what do u need help with?

Explanation:

The statement that is true about a subdural hemorrhage is (C) "An arterial break leads to blood's being forced between the dura mater and the cranium".

A subdural hemorrhage occurs when there is bleeding between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater, two of the layers that surround the brain. In this type of hemorrhage, an arterial break can cause blood to accumulate in the space between the dura mater and the cranium.

This can be a result of trauma or injury to the blood vessels in the brain. As the blood accumulates, it can exert pressure on the brain tissue, leading to symptoms such as headaches, confusion, seizures, or even loss of consciousness.

Prompt medical attention is essential to diagnose and treat subdural hemorrhages effectively, as they can be life-threatening if left untreated.

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Multicellular organisms are made up of more thaan one cell, with groups of cells differentiating to take on specialilzes functions. Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that perform all of the functions needed by the organism.

Multicellular organisms gave set if cells that specialize in reproduction which is usually sexual. During fertilization, when an egg and spoerm fuse, the resultant zygote is considered to be unicellular.

There is no excretory organs in a unicellular organisms. They remove their waste by simple diffusion from the body surface to the surrounding water. In multicellular organisms, excretion occurs by specialised organs called kidney.