bisignano, a., wells, d., harton, g. and munné, s. (2011) pgd andaneuploidy screening for 24 chromosomes: advantages and disad-vantages of competing platforms. reprod biomed online23:677–685

Answer:

what is meant by I can't understand this

Answer:

Hey mate.....

Explanation:

This is ur answer.....

Some forms of bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms such as nitrates and nitrites. Such nitrogen fixing bacteria are commonly found in the roots of leguminous plants. These usable forms of nitrogen are absorbed by plants to produce many compounds such as amino acids, which in turn form proteins.

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Answer:

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The process by which the brain receives, selects, modifies, and organizes incoming nerve impulses is referred to as neural integration.

Neural integration is a term used to describe the process by which nerve impulses are processed and integrated in the nervous system, primarily in the brain and spinal cord. It involves the receipt of sensory information from the environment and the subsequent processing of that information in the brain to produce appropriate behavioral and physiological responses. Neural integration is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system, as it enables the brain to receive and interpret sensory information and to generate appropriate motor responses to that information.

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Vertebrata: Subphylum of Chordata. Chordata is the final animal phylum. All of its members, known as chordates, have a head, a body cavity, and a digestive system.

The notochord is the distinguishing feature of the chordates and plays crucial roles in the development of vertebrates. It acts as a major skeletal component of the growing embryo as well as a source of midline signals that design neighboring tissues.

The great majority of animals, including insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and the majority of crustaceans, have bilateral symmetry.

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The phylum Chordata or subphylum vertebrata is made up of bilaterally symmetrical adult animals with ecto, meso, and endoderm derived tissues and a notochord.

what are chordates?

The phylum Chordata and the kingdom Animalia both have vertebrates as members. The four distinguishing characteristics of animals in the phylum Chordata are a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a postanal tail. These characteristics all arise at some point throughout animal development. Some of these are only present during embryonic development in certain groups.

Additionally, chordates have a segmented body, triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, and coelomic skeleton.

The body design is intricate and distinctive.

Organ systems are the level of organization found in the body.

The notochord, a flexible, rod-shaped structure present in all chordate embryos and in the adult stages of some chordate species, is the source of the name "Chordate," which refers to a group of organisms. It supports the skeleton along the entire length of the body and is situated between the digestive tract and the spinal cord.

The class Vertebrata includes all vertebrates. Vertebrates have all four of the chordates' defining qualities, but they also have derived traits that set them apart from invertebrate chordates. Vertebrata gets its name from the vertebral column, which is made up of distinct bones called vertebrae that are linked together to form the backbone. The notochord, which is only present in the embryonic stage, is replaced by the vertebral column in adult vertebrates.

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Answer:

Sex-linked

Explanation:

Because it's using x and y sex chromosomes

In pedigree the gender does matter and what autosomal

do you mean? just asking :)

Answer:

Hydrogen bonds

Explanation:

hydrogen bonds are slightly positive which is attracted to the slightly negative charge of oxygen.

Answer:

The cardiovascular system is the system of organs, tissues, and vessels that work in concert to transport blood and other vital materials throughout the body. It includes the heart, which pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the body’s tissues, as well as the blood vessels that transport the blood. The cardiovascular system is responsible for providing the body with the oxygen, nutrients, and hormones it needs to survive.

Inputs of the cardiovascular system include oxygen, nutrients, and hormones that are absorbed into the body from the air and food. Outputs of the system include carbon dioxide, waste materials, and excess hormones that are expelled from the body through the lungs, skin, and kidneys.

The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the body’s tissues and organs, and to remove waste materials from the body. The system works to maintain homeostasis, or balance, in the body. The system also plays a role in the body’s response to stress and in the regulation of body temperature.

The main parts of the cardiovascular system are the heart, the blood vessels, and the blood. The heart is a muscular organ that pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood throughout the body. The blood vessels are a series of tubes that transport the blood throughout the body. The blood consists of red and white cells, platelets, and plasma that help to transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones.

The cardiovascular system interacts with many other systems in the body, including the respiratory, endocrine, and immune systems. The respiratory system supplies oxygen to the blood, which is then transported to the body’s cells by the cardiovascular system. The endocrine system produces hormones that regulate the cardiovascular system’s activity. Finally, the immune system helps to protect the cardiovascular system from disease and infection.

Factors that can cause cardiovascular system failure include poor diet, smoking, lack of exercise, and heart disease. Diseases that can affect the cardiovascular system include coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and hypertension.

Explanation:

Chives are the seeds that can grow in 2 days.

Chives contain both choline and folic acid. Each of these components is individually associated with improving memory function. Studies show that adults who eat more choline-containing foods perform better on cognitive tests, while adults with low levels of choline appear to be at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.

Chives and leeks (also known as green onions) are not the same thing.Chives are smaller, thinner, and softer than leeks and do not have an edible bulb on the bottom. Chives have a mild onion flavor compared to green onions.

Consuming too much chives can cause an upset stomach.

On skin: There is not enough reliable information to know if chives are safe when applied to the skin. It can cause side effects such as allergic skin reactions in some people.

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After so many failed attempts at school why was Charles Darwin finally successful studying at Cambridge because he finally able to get entry and clear the criteria.

After Darwin gave up medicine, his father set for him to learn to become a priest.

In 1828, Darwin went to Cambridge University to study for the priesthood, ganing a bachelor of arts degree at Cambridge University in 1831.

Darwin restarted to evolve his interest in rocks, fossils, animals, and plants.

Thus, he finally able to get admission and clear the criteria.

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The most likely consequence of a mutation at the operator locus that prevents binding of the repressor protein would be the continuous transcription of the lac operon genes. The repressor protein binds to the operator and prevents the RNA polymerase from transcribing the lac operon genes. If the repressor protein is not bound to the operator, the RNA polymerase will continuously transcribe the lac operon genes even in the absence of lactose. Therefore, the correct answer is:

It helps determine the habitat most suitable for various species. It helps predict the time when various species will become extinct. Any preserved indication of a once-living thing from a previous geological age is known as a fossil.

Examples include exoskeletons, bones, shells, animal or microbe imprints in stone, items preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood, and DNA traces. The fossil record is the collection of all fossils. The study of fossils, including their age, mode of formation, and evolutionary importance, is known as paleontology. If a specimen is older than 10,000 years, it is typically regarded as a fossil. The oldest fossils date back between 3.48 and 4.1 billion years. A geological timeline was made possible by the discovery in the 19th century that different fossils were connected to particular rock layers.

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The series of mitochondrial proteins that transfer electron energy to ATP and require oxygen is known as the electron transport chain (ETC).

The ETC is a critical component of cellular respiration and occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It consists of a series of protein complexes, including NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome b-c1 complex, cytochrome c, and cytochrome oxidase. These complexes work together to transfer electrons derived from NADH and FADH2, which are produced during earlier stages of cellular respiration, and transfer them along the chain.

As electrons are passed through the protein complexes, energy is released and used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP through a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.

The final acceptor of the electron transport chain is oxygen, which combines with hydrogen ions to form water. Thus, the ETC connects the process of electron transfer to the production of ATP, relying on oxygen as the final electron acceptor.

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The complete question is:

A series of mitochondrial proteins that transfer electron energy to ATP and require oxygen is called ______.

Answer:

Driving on the beach can contribute to ocean acidification because of the pollution a car's exhaust exerts. One car can't do much to effect the vast ocean, but everyday cars are driven along the shore and they build up from time to time. This can cause alot of pollution to the waters and sea creatures.

Glycolysis takes place in Cytoplasm were Reactant(inputs) is Glucose  and product is pyruvate linear metabolic pathway of enzyme-catalyzed reactions helps to convert glucose into two molecules of pyruvate in the presence of oxygen . Glycolysis is the first step in the cellular respiration .

Krebs cycle takes place in Mitochondrial matrix were Reactant(inputs) is  Acetyl coA and product is NADH, FADH2, oxaloacetate Krebs cycle converts the chemical energy of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) into the reducing power of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Krebs cycle takes third  place in cellular respiration .

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in Mitochondrial membrane or cristae were reactant(input ) is NADH and product is ATP. Oxidative phosphorylation is generation of most ATP molecules . This process takes second place in cellular respiration .

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The types of state compensation benefits available to an injured worker depend on the state in which the worker is employed.

Generally, the benefits may include medical treatment for the injury, temporary disability benefits to replace lost wages, rehabilitation services, and vocational retraining if the worker is unable to return to the same job.

Other state compensation benefits may include permanent disability benefits, death benefits, and medical and disability payments for dependents. The exact benefits available vary from state to state, so it is important for the injured worker to contact their state workers' compensation office to determine what benefits they may be eligible for.

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Answer:

Digestive enzymes speedup reactions that break down large molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller molecules the body can use. Without digestive enzymes, animals would not be able to break down food molecules quickly enough to provide the energy and nutrients they need to survive.

Explanation:

Answer: it depends on the type of insect but sometimes it could be the pollen the smell or.the shape /hue of the plant

Explanation: when an insect goes to a flower,picks up the pollen and brings it to other plants it helps make other ones grow.

Answer:

Meiosis only occurs in reproductive cells, as the goal is to create haploid gametes that will be used in fertilization. Meiosis is important to, but not the same as, sexual reproduction. Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction to occur, as it results in the formation of gametes (sperm and eggs).

Answer:

The unacceptable cell would most likely be detected during GAP1 and removed from the cell cycle

Explanation:

The unacceptable cell would most likely be detected during GAP1 and removed from the cell cycle.

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Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute and is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR) by the stroke volume (SV). The differences in CO among men, women, and children can be attributed to variations in heart size, heart rate, and stroke volume.

1. Men: On average, men have a higher cardiac output than women due to their larger heart size and greater stroke volume. Adult men typically have a CO of 5-6 liters per minute (L/min) at rest.

2. Women: Women generally have a smaller heart size and lower stroke volume than men, resulting in a lower cardiac output. Adult women usually have a CO of 4-5 L/min at rest.

3. Children: Children's cardiac output is lower than adults' due to their smaller heart size and lower stroke volume. The CO in children varies depending on age, but it generally increases as they grow. For example, a newborn's CO might be around 0.2-0.4 L/min, while a 10-year-old's CO could be around 3-4 L/min.

These values can vary based on individual factors such as physical fitness, age, and overall health.

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Monotremes and marsupials, unlike eutherians, share several characteristics such as using mammary glands to produce milk, having embryonic development outside the uterus, possessing hair on their bodies, and being endothermic.

Monotremes and marsupials are unique groups of mammals that exhibit distinct reproductive and physiological characteristics compared to eutherians (placental mammals). One common characteristic is the use of mammary glands to produce milk for their young. Monotremes, such as the platypus and echidnas, have mammary glands that secrete milk, which is then fed to their offspring.

Similarly, marsupials, like kangaroos and koalas, have mammary glands and pouches where their underdeveloped young, called joeys, are nurtured and continue their development.

Another shared characteristic is their method of embryonic development. Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials experience some portion of their embryonic development outside the uterus. Monotremes lay eggs, and the eggs are incubated externally until hatching. Marsupials give birth to relatively undeveloped offspring, which then crawl into the mother's pouch, where they attach to a nipple and continue their growth and development.

Additionally, both monotremes and marsupials possess hair on their bodies. Hair serves various functions, including insulation, protection, and sensory perception. This feature is common to all mammals and contributes to their ability to regulate body temperature, which leads us to the final shared characteristic: endothermy. Monotremes and marsupials are endothermic, meaning they can generate and maintain their body heat, enabling them to survive in a wide range of environments.

In summary, monotremes and marsupials demonstrate similar characteristics, such as utilizing mammary glands for milk production, experiencing embryonic development outside the uterus, possessing hair, and being endothermic. These shared traits distinguish them from eutherians and contribute to their unique reproductive strategies and adaptations to their respective environments.

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When the courts or legislators make law, they are guided by certain habits of mind and specific beliefs about human nature which is known as jurisprudence.

Jurisprudence refers to the philosophy or theory of law, encompassing the principles and beliefs that guide courts and legislators in making laws. It involves the study and interpretation of legal principles, concepts, and theories. Different schools of jurisprudence arise from varying habits of mind and beliefs about human nature, influencing the development and application of laws.

When courts or legislators make laws, their decisions and actions are influenced by certain habits of mind and specific beliefs about human nature. These factors shape their approach to interpreting laws, resolving legal disputes, and creating new legislation. The collective body of these guiding principles and beliefs is referred to as jurisprudence.

Jurisprudence encompasses a wide range of philosophical and theoretical perspectives on law, such as natural law, legal positivism, legal realism, and critical legal studies, among others. Each school of jurisprudence offers its own understanding of the nature of law, its purpose, and how it should be applied in society.

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Answer: During sexual reproduction, meiosis generates genetic variation in offspring because the process randomly shuffles genes across chromosomes and then randomly separates half of those chromosomes into each gamete. The two gametes then randomly fuse to form a new organism

Answer:

Es la B.

Explanation:

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Answer:A trait is a characteristic pattern of behavior or conscious motive which can be self‐assessed or assessed by peers. The term type is used to identify a certain collection of traits that make up a broad, general personality classification.

Explanation:

Answer:

D: There is no limit to the age range of the fossils being dated.

Explanation:

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

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