Approximately half of present-day plant species are believed to have originated in the past by?
Answers
Approximately half of present-day plant species are believed to have originated in the past through a process known as speciation. Speciation occurs when a new species forms from a pre-existing species. This process is driven by various factors, including genetic variations, geographic isolation, and natural selection.
One common mechanism of speciation is called allopatric speciation. This occurs when a population of plants becomes geographically separated, for example, by the formation of a new mountain range or the splitting of a landmass.
The separated populations then undergo independent evolutionary changes due to different environmental conditions and selective pressures they encounter in their respective habitats.
Over time, these changes can accumulate, leading to the development of distinct traits and genetic differences between the two populations. Eventually, they become reproductively isolated and can no longer interbreed, giving rise to two separate species.
Another mechanism of speciation is sympatric speciation. This occurs when a new species arises within the same geographic area as the parent species, without any physical barrier.
In sympatric speciation, reproductive isolation can be caused by factors such as changes in mating preferences, ecological niches, or genetic mutations that result in different adaptations.
The belief that approximately half of present-day plant species originated through speciation is based on scientific studies, fossil records, and genetic evidence.
By analyzing the genetic similarities and differences among plant species, scientists can infer their evolutionary relationships and estimate the proportion of species that have undergone speciation.
In conclusion, approximately half of present-day plant species are believed to have originated in the past through the process of speciation. This occurs when populations of plants become genetically and reproductively isolated, leading to the formation of new species over time.
Allopatric speciation, which involves geographic separation, and sympatric speciation, which occurs within the same area, are two mechanisms through which speciation can occur. Scientists arrive at this conclusion through a combination of genetic analysis, fossil records, and observational studies.
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Related Questions
Which of the following would be considered a source of error in an experience
Answers
The genus Cnemidophorus is a large group of whiptail lizards that are found in both North and South America. These lizards undergo a process in which their unfertilized eggs can develop into new individuals. This process is called
Answers
Answer: The question is not complete, options are not given but here are the options from another websites.
a. sexual reproduction.
b. binary fission.
c. parthenogenesis.
d. budding.
The correct option is C.
Parthenogenesis.
Explanation:
lizards undergo a process in which their unfertilized eggs can develop into new individuals and the process is called parthenogenesis because parthenogenesis is a reproductive strategy that involves the reproduction of new organisms without undergoing fertilization or the production of new organisms from unfertilized eggs and these can be as a result of the lizard not able to undergo sexual reproduction which can be as a result of environmental factors. This process does not involve sexual reproduction.
can be organized around several themes. as the biological hierarchy builds from molecules on up to ecosystems, each level has blank that result from interactions among component parts. life's basic unit of blank is the cell, which occurs in two basic forms − prokaryotic and eukariotic. as organisms interact with the environment, blank cycle within an ecosystem, while blank flows one way from sunlight → chemical energy → heat. according to the core theme of blank, all of life is related by common descent. life has diversified as blank has led to the gradual accumulation of adaptations that fit populations to the environment.
Answers
The fill in the blanks will be filled as following-
can be organized around several themes. as the biological hierarchy builds from molecules on up to ecosystems, each level has emergent properties that result from interactions among component parts. life's basic unit of structure and function is the cell, which occurs in two basic forms − prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
as organisms interact with the environment, nutrients cycle within an ecosystem, while energy flows one way from sunlight → chemical energy → heat. according to the core theme of evolution, all of life is related by common descent. life has diversified as emergent properties has led to the gradual accumulation of adaptations that fit populations to the environment.
Emergent properties are the critical attributes of the biological systems, which helps us understand the interaction at a larger level.
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1.Is there an industrial or disposal process of using sieving to separate mixtures? Describe any environmental impact it might have
Answers
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
There are plenty of evidences and uses of sieving
It was begun by Romans
Nowadays it's used to separate several mixtures like sands for construction,food materials etc
Which of the following is NOT a part of the chloroplast?
O Thylakoid
O Stroma
O Cytoplasm
O Granum
Answers
Answer:
Cytoplasm
Explanation:
survival and functional capacity of heterotopic thyroid autograft after total thyroidectomy for benign goiters
Answers
This study examines the survival and functional capacity of heterotopic thyroid autografts after total thyroidectomy for benign goiters.
This research investigates the outcome of heterotopic thyroid autografts after total thyroidectomy for benign goiters. Heterotopic thyroid autograft involves the transplantation of thyroid tissue to a location other than its original site. The study examines the survival and functional capacity of these autografts, focusing on their ability to produce thyroid hormones and maintain thyroid function. The findings shed light on the effectiveness and long-term viability of this surgical technique as a treatment option for patients with benign goiters, providing valuable insights into the postoperative outcomes and potential benefits of heterotopic thyroid autografts.
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Define anomaly (don't just copy down what's on the website; define. Google if you have to) I need help, it’s for apes
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Answer: something that deviates normal
Explanation: I know because I study anomaly
An anomaly is something different, something that is not normal
A true breeding plant with seeds in white pods is crossed to a true breeding pea plant with seeds in orange pods. the offspring of this cross all have seeds found in orange pods. this indicates that:
Answers
Answer:
A true breeding plant with seeds in white pods is crossed to a true breeding pea plant with seeds in orange pods. the offspring of this cross all have seeds found in orange pods. this indicates that:Dominant
How have you heard the word metabolism used in daily conversation? How does this usage differ from the actual definition of metabolism?
Answers
Answer:
Metabolism - the chemical process within a living organism in order to maintain life
Explanation:
The common use it 'my metabolism is really slow/fast', usually heard in fitness and diet communities. The biggest difference is that, while metabolism does deal with the burning of energy from food, it really covers the processes using all materials such as water, food, nutrients, and oxygen in the cells to produce the body's energy.
Answer: Metabolism is often used in ads for exercise products or diet pills, which claim that they will boost metabolism to help people lose weight. In this context, metabolism is used only to describe weight loss or gain. This interpretation differs greatly from the actual definition of metabolism, which describes all the chemical reactions that occur within a cell.
why are leaves included in experiments
Answers
which field of biology has caused some ethical concerns
Answers
Overall i think stem cells
Which statement best summarizes the following portion of the Declaration of
Independence?
When in the Course of human events, it becomes
necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands
which have connected them with another, and to assume
among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal
station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God
entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind
requires that they should declare the causes which impel
them to the separation,
A. Nations should remain separate and equal from one another,
O B. Nature provides certain privileges to some nations,
O C. Sometimes nations must separate from one another,
O D. Nations should make clear why they no longer want to be allied
with one another
Answers
Answer: D
Explanation:
If we talk about human rights and separation of nations, the most correct thing todo is to clarify that they are all equal so that for the time being there is no problem between them, in which they stabilize on all fronts.
Which of these theories, Utilitarianism, Deontological, Ethics of Care, or Virtue ethics do you think to provide the best general guide to bioethical decision making and why?
Answers
All the theories of Utilitarianism, deontological, ethics of care, or virtue ethics provide a general guide to bioethical decision-making.
The goal of utilitarianism is to maximise everyone's general happiness or well-being. Utilitarianism may give priority to actions that have the greatest overall positive impact on the people who will be affected or on society as a whole while making bioethical decisions. When making decisions that affect a large number of people, like when allocating resources or setting public health policy, this method may be helpful. Adherence to moral obligations and principles is emphasised in deontological ethics. It emphasises whether an activity is inherently right or evil, regardless of its effects. Deontological concepts, such as respect for autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence, provide direction in bioethical decision-making to ensure the ethical treatment of individuals, respecting their rights and dignity.
The importance of connections, empathy, and compassion is emphasised by the ethics of care. It places a strong emphasis on establishing compassionate interactions and taking individual needs and circumstances into account when making decisions. This strategy may place a higher value on empathy and attention to the needs of patients and those involved in healthcare decision-making in field of bioethics. In order to make moral decisions, virtue ethics emphasises developing and upholding virtuous traits. It places a strong emphasis on character traits including integrity, honesty, and compassion. The creation of virtuous healthcare practitioners who continuously operate in accordance with moral ideals may be given priority in bioethical decision-making by virtue ethics.
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Another name for the cells in plants and animals is
sentence?
cells
Answers
Answer:
Eukaryotic Cells
Explanation:
Eukaryotes are plants and Animal cells.
Another name for the cells in plants and animals is eukaryotic cells.
after a major event at 120 generations, an allele was lost from the population. in terms of diversity, this left the population with:
Answers
After a major event at 120 generations, an allele was lost from the population. In terms of diversity, this left the population with less genetic diversity.
What is an allele?An allele is a variant form of a gene that appears as a result of mutation. An allele is one of the possible alternative forms of a gene that can be present at a given locus (position) on a chromosome. A gene locus refers to a specific location on a chromosome where a particular gene is found.
What is genetic diversity?Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes and alleles that exist within a population. When a population has high genetic diversity, it implies that it has a wide range of genetic variability, making it easier for the population to adapt to environmental changes. It can also protect the population from disease or predation, increase its chances of survival and persistence, and give it greater resilience against genetic drift, inbreeding, and other factors that can reduce genetic diversity.
Therefore, losing an allele from a population results in a decrease in genetic diversity, which is a disadvantage for the population.
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Which process is catalyzed by rubisco during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
Answers
Answer:
"Regeneration" is the correct one.
Explanation:
This process seems to be the step of carboxylation wherein the Rubisco or Rubicon catalyzes the binding of something like a compound of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to a substance molecule ribulose from such an intermediary of six carbons. 3PGA continues further into the 2nd stage including its Calvin process, recognized the period of elimination.So that the above would be the appropriate answer.
Answer:
D-REGENERATION
Explanation:
EDGE 2020
Which removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, acting as a carbon
sink?
Answers
D. Formation of carbonates in the ocean.
(APEX)
Formation of carbonates in the ocean removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, acting as a carbon sink. Thus, the correct option is D.
What are the ways of carbon dioxide removal?
Carbon is stored on the planet in the following major sinks as organic molecules in living and dead organisms found in the biosphere, as the gas carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as organic matter such as carbonates in soil and oceans, in the lithosphere as fossil fuels and sedimentary rock deposits such as limestone, dolomite.
The removal of carbon dioxide is essential because of continued high rates of global emissions. Since industrial revolution, carbon dioxide gas emissions have been building in the atmosphere, creating a warming layer of carbon pollution which is causing climate change.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
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What is the function of arteries due to arterial compliance?
Answers
The function of arteries due to arterial compliance is to ensure efficient blood flow and protect organs from high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
Arterial compliance refers to the ability of arteries to stretch and accommodates changes in blood volume and pressure during the cardiac cycle. The compliance of arteries is essential for maintaining healthy blood flow and protecting organs from high blood pressure.
When blood is ejected from the heart during systole, the arteries expand and store some of the blood volume, which is then released during diastole to maintain blood flow to the tissues.
This process helps to reduce the pulsatility of blood flow and maintain a more constant perfusion pressure to the organs.
Additionally, arterial compliance helps to reduce the workload on the heart by reducing afterload, which is the resistance to blood flow that the heart must overcome to eject blood from the left ventricle.
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What type or piece of material culture do you think gives the most information about your society? Why?
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HOPE THIS HELPS!!!!
Chromosomal mutations can occur in a variety of ways one known human chromosomalmutation occurs when a segment of chromosome 9 is inverted which of the following bestdescribes how this chromosomal mutation occurs?A. A segment of DNA is inserted onto chromosome 9 without removing any other DNA.B. a segment of DNA on chromosome 9 is detached and reattached at a different place.C. a segment of DNA on chromosome 9 is removed and replaced by a new segment ofDNA.D. a segment of DNA is cut from chromosome 9 turned around and then re inserted intothe original location.
Answers
In this case, called inversion, a segment of DNA is cut from chromosome 9 turned around, and then reinserted into the original location, just as we can see in the image. Therefore, the answer would be D.
Which of the following types of interference will occur when the pulses in the figure meet?
A
no interference
B
constructive interference
C
destructive interference
D
total interference
Answers
Why is Linnaeus called the father of taxonomy?
He created the classification level called domain.
He developed the modern system of naming organisms.
He explained the steps that led to the formation of a species.
He used more than one common name for the same organism
Answers
Answer:
he developed the modern system of naming organisms
if glucose is in higher concentration outside the cell than inside, but the plasma membrane and other surface layers of the cell do not allow glucose to pass through, which is the most likely type of transport for glucose? and Why?
a simple diffusion
b Osmosis
c Facilitated diffusion via a gated channel
d Facilitated diffusion via an aquaporin
e Facilitated diffusion via an ion channel
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
ok ok as you were saying you said it is hard for the glucose concentration in the body this also had to go out so but the plasma membranes and other surfaces layers cell layers of the layer of the soil do not allow to close glucose to pass through which is most likely type of transport type of transport for kids and you still said why it is because it gives energy to the body
tata-box is always exactly the same in all individuals and organisms T/F
Answers
False. The TATA box is a DNA sequence that is not always exactly the same in all individuals and organisms. The TATA box, typically consisting of the nucleotide sequence TATAAA, is a core promoter element found in the promoter region of many genes in eukaryotic organisms.
Its primary function is to serve as a binding site for transcription factors, which play a critical role in initiating the process of transcription. While the TATA box is a highly conserved sequence, meaning it is maintained across various species due to its important function, it can still exhibit variations between different individuals and organisms. These variations can be caused by mutations or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and may result in differences in gene expression, leading to phenotypic diversity within and between species.
In summary, although the TATA box is a crucial and conserved element in the promoter region of many genes, it is not always exactly the same in all individuals and organisms. Variations can occur, and these differences can contribute to the diversity of gene expression and phenotypic traits observed in nature.
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SCIENCE: Scurvy can be cured if we consume
1 point
cheese, egg yolk
Citrus fruits, tomatoes
nuts,legumes
fish,dark leafy vegetables
Answers
Answer:
The answer to this are Citrus fruits and tomatoes
Answer:
Citrus fruits, tomatoes
Explanation:
Scurvy is a condition caused by a severe lack of vitamin C in the diet.
Scurvy is easily treated by adding some vitamin C to your diet, such as fresh fruit and vegetables.
the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is a powerful tool for amplifying genetic material (i.e., making many copies of it). this technique can be used for a wide range of applications. what are the steps of pcr required to amplify dna?
Answers
PCR involves several stages, including: Denaturation: The two strands of the double-stranded DNA template are separated by heating it to a high temperature (often around 95°C).
Why is the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, one of the most effective instruments used by scientists?The highly sensitive PCR method enables quick DNA amplification of a particular section. Using visual methods based on size and charge, PCR may detect and identify gene sequences by producing billions of copies of a certain DNA fragment or gene.
What serves as the primary goal of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique?A DNA fragment is replicated numerous times using a lab technique known as PCR, or polymerase chain reaction. PCR is extremely accurate and may be used to amplify.
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Hardwired characteristics of the brain that attempt to keep us in balance by correcting deficiencies are referred to as:
Answers
Hardwired characteristics of the brain that attempt to keep us in balance by correcting deficiencies are referred to as homeostatic mechanisms.
Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
In the context of the brain, homeostatic mechanisms involve various processes that regulate physiological functions and maintain optimal levels of essential substances.
These mechanisms can include feedback loops that detect imbalances and initiate corrective actions.
For example, if there is a deficiency in a particular nutrient or hormone, the brain may activate mechanisms to increase its production, decrease its consumption, or enhance its absorption from the environment.
Homeostatic mechanisms play a crucial role in ensuring the body's overall stability and functioning, helping to maintain proper levels of various substances and promoting overall well-being.
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conversion of dihydrofolate back to tetrahydrofolate is essential to keep a constant supply of which nucleotide?
Answers
b. dTTP. Tetrahydrofolate (THF) reserves that are crucial for cell survival and division cannot be maintained by the cell as a result of methotrexate's binding to DHFR.
Studies carried out more than 30 years ago made it abundantly evident that DHFR gene amplification and DHFR enzyme overexpression were the primary causes of acquired methotrexate resistance. A homogenous staining region, a stable enlarged chromosomal region, can cause gene amplification (HSR). Similar to how 5-fluorouracil-resistant cells become cross-resistant to traditional TS inhibitors, antifolate-resistant cells were created. Strategies including the administration of high doses of methotrexate in conjunction with leucovorin rescue are supported by the notion that tumour cells may show poor transport of such decreased folates.
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Conversion of dihydrofolate back to tetrahydrofolate is essential to keep a constant supply of which nucleotide?
a. dATP
b. dTTP
c. dCTP
d. dGTP
please help please i really need it
Answers
Answer:
The answer is C
I need help with this question
All of the following statements about photosynthesis are true except :
1) chlorophyll is located in the thylakoid membranes and is the light-absorbing pigment that drives photosynthesis
2) in chemiosmosis, electron transport chains pump hydrogen ions across a membrane from areas of low to high concentration
3) the Calvin cycle is a series of reactions that uses energy from FADH2 and water to convert carbon dioxide to glucose
4) the light reactions convert solar energy to chemical energy stored in the form of ATP and NADPH
I thought it was number 4 but it's wrong
Answers
Answer:
2
Explanation:
Hydrogen ions move from an area of high to low concentration.
All of the following statements about photosynthesis are true except that in chemiosmosis, electron transport chains pump hydrogen ions across a membrane from areas of low to high concentration, which is present in Option 2.
What is the chemiosmosis theory of the cell?In the cell, there is a chemiosmosis as there is a gradient in the cell across the membrane that is formed due to the movement of the electron, and such elements are seen in the mitochondria in the electron transport chain and in the chloroplast during the light-dependent photosynthesis. The proton gradient is generated here due to the movement of the electron, and then the protons move from a high to a low concentration, resulting in the formation of ATP.
Hence, all of the following statements about photosynthesis are true except that in chemiosmosis, electron transport chains pump hydrogen ions across a membrane from areas of low to high concentration, which is present in Option 2.
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