Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ________ and in mitotic anaphase ________. crossing over occurs; crossing over does not occur the cells are diploid; the cells are haploid chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell; chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate; the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separate

Answer:

made of gas

Explanation:

a is enzyme and c is shell substrate b is the substrate d is the

Explanation:

sub particles to form key or enzyme and e is full lock and key model

The respiratory system consists of a network of tissues and organs which perform the process of breathing.

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When Mendel crossed short plants (tt) with true-breeding tall plants (TT), the seeds grew into F1 plants that were all tall.

In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, he observed the inheritance patterns of different traits. One of the traits he studied was plant height, where tall (T) is dominant over short (t). True-breeding plants are those that consistently produce offspring with the same trait when self-pollinated.

When Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants (TT) with short plants (tt), he performed a cross between a homozygous dominant plant and a homozygous recessive plant. According to Mendel's laws of inheritance, when a dominant allele is present, it will be expressed in the phenotype.

In this case, since tall (T) is the dominant trait, all the F1 plants resulting from the cross between the true-breeding tall plants and short plants will inherit the dominant allele (T) and display the tall phenotype. The genotype of the F1 plants will be Tt, with the dominant allele masking the presence of the recessive allele. Therefore, the F1 plants will be all tall.

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Answer:

A point mutation

Explanation:

If a point mutation does not change the amino acid, it's called a SILENT mutation. If a point mutation changes the amino acid to a “stop,” it's called a NONSENSE mutation. Deletion and insertion may cause what's called a FRAMESHIFT, meaning the reading frame changes. I know the answer on my own, but this explaination i found on the web is better than my own

the answer is pancreas

Answer:

D. Brain

C. Pancreas

Explanation:

Your brain regulates the hormones produced by the pituitary gland. your pancreas produces hormones to help digestion.

The nice assumption of the dominant and recessive phenotypes be long flagella is dominant, single vacuole is dominant.

A vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle found in the cells of plants, fungi, protists, and some animal cells. It is a large, fluid-filled sac that occupies a significant portion of the cell's volume. Vacuoles are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including storage of nutrients, waste products, and pigments, as well as regulating turgor pressure and maintaining the pH balance of the cell.

In plant cells, vacuoles are particularly large and play an essential role in maintaining the plant's structure and function. They can also act as a defense mechanism by storing toxic compounds to deter herbivores or pathogens. In contrast, animal cells have smaller and fewer vacuoles, which are primarily used for storing nutrients or waste products.

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Due to the complete dominance of "A" over "a," the homozygous "AA" or heterozygous "Aa" genotypes will result in the dominant phenotype being seen.

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The lac operon is a genetic system found in bacteria, specifically in E. coli, that regulates the utilization of lactose. The genes within the lac operon responsible for lactose utilization are lacZ, lacY, and lacA.

The lacZ gene encodes the enzyme beta-galactosidase, which is responsible for the hydrolysis of lactose into glucose and galactose. This enzyme is essential for lactose metabolism.

The lacY gene encodes the lactose permease protein, which is responsible for the transport of lactose into the bacterial cell. It allows the entry of lactose from the environment into the cell for further metabolism.

The lacA gene encodes the enzyme transacetylase, which has a regulatory role in the lac operon but its specific function is less well understood compared to lacZ and lacY.

Together, these three genes within the lac operon enable the bacteria to efficiently utilize lactose as a source of energy and nutrients.

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Chemical energy is the energy which is stored in the bonds of fats, carbohydrates and proteins and is provided by the food that we eat and is used as a fuel to support daily metabolic needs.

Our body breaks down and absorbs the food we eat through a process which is known as digestion in order to produce chemical energy by converting the carbohydrates into glucose and breaking down fats and proteins.

Our bloodstream carries this glucose to all the cells present in our body and then our body uses the chemical energy which the glucose provides. This is very important as it suffices the metabolic needs of the body so it can perform the day to day functions.

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Answer:

Photosynthesis is the process...

Explanation:

lt is because Photosynthesis is the process that enables plants to make their own food .

Luria and Delbruck conducted their experiment to understand the nature of bacterial resistance to bacteriophages. In their experiment, they grew many liquid cultures of bacteria and then spread a small sample of each culture on nutrient agar infused with bacteriophage in separate Petri plates.

Luria and Delbruck conducted their experiment to understand the nature of bacterial resistance to bacteriophages. In their experiment, they grew many liquid cultures of bacteria and then spread a small sample of each culture on nutrient agar infused with bacteriophage in separate Petri plates. Nutrient agar provides the necessary nutrients for bacterial growth, while bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria.
Upon assaying bacterial growth on the Petri plates, Luria and Delbruck found that the number of bacterial colonies that formed on each plate varied widely. This observation led them to conclude that bacterial resistance to bacteriophages was not the result of direct adaptation in response to the presence of the bacteriophage. Instead, it was due to spontaneous mutations that occurred randomly and independently of the bacteriophage exposure.
This experiment by Luria and Delbruck provided crucial evidence for the concept of random mutation and natural selection in bacteria, which is a fundamental principle in the understanding of bacterial evolution and resistance.

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The brain consists of the cerebral cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem, cerebellum, and corpus callosum, which collaboratively enable cognitive processes, emotional responses, motor control, sensory perception, and information integration.

Different parts of the brain are Cerebral Cortex, Limbic System, Basal Ganglia, Thalamus, Brainstem, Cerebellum, and Corpus Callosum.

The brain is a complex organ that consists of various parts, each with its own unique functions. Here is a systematic explanation of the functional significance of different parts of the brain:

Cerebral Cortex: The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain and is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, reasoning, perception, and voluntary movement. It is divided into four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital. Each lobe has specific roles, for example:

Frontal lobe: It is involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and motor control.

Parietal lobe: It processes sensory information, spatial awareness, and perception.

Temporal lobe: It plays a role in memory, language processing, and auditory perception.

Occipital lobe: It is primarily responsible for visual processing.

Limbic System: The limbic system is a group of structures located deep within the brain and is involved in emotion, memory, and motivation.

Key components include the hippocampus (memory formation), amygdala (emotion and fear processing), and hypothalamus (regulation of basic drives like hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior).

Basal Ganglia: The basal ganglia are a group of structures involved in motor control, procedural learning, and habit formation. They help initiate and regulate voluntary movements and are also implicated in Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders.

Thalamus: The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information, directing signals to the appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex for processing. It is crucial for sensory perception, attention, and consciousness.

Brainstem: The brainstem is the oldest and most primitive part of the brain, responsible for vital functions necessary for survival, including regulating heartbeat, breathing, and maintaining basic levels of consciousness. It comprises the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Cerebellum: The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain, below the cerebral cortex. It plays a critical role in coordinating and fine-tuning motor movements, maintaining balance and posture, and motor learning.

Corpus Callosum: The corpus callosum is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain. It facilitates communication and information exchange between the two hemispheres, enabling integration of sensory and motor functions.

It's important to note that this is a simplified overview, and each brain region interacts with others to support complex cognitive and physiological processes.

The brain's functional significance arises from the intricate connections and interactions between these various parts, allowing for the integration of information, control of bodily functions, and the basis of our cognitive abilities.

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Answer: Skeletal System

Explanation:

Most of the confirmed hypotheses found to be fabricated were the phrenological studies conducted by Dr. Franz Joseph Gall discredited in the nineteenth century. Phrenology was a popular pseudomedicine in the late 19th century that posited measurements and other characteristics of the human skull determined different aspects of a person's actions and personality.

Answer A is correct.

Phrenology was mostly discredited as a scientific theory by the 1840s. This was due only in part to a growing amount of evidence against phrenology. Phrenologists had never been able to agree on the most basic mental organ numbers, going from 27 to over 40, and had difficulty locating the mental organs.

Gall believed that bumps on the surface of the brain could be detected by feeling the bumps on the surface of an individual's head. 1 He suggested that the bumps, indentations, and overall shape of the skull could be linked to different aspects of a person's personality, character, and abilities.

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Most of the confirmed hypotheses found to be fabricated were the phrenological studies conducted by Dr. Franz Joseph Gall discredited in the nineteenth century. Phrenology was a popular pseudomedicine in the late 19th century that posited measurements and other characteristics of the human skull determined different aspects of a person's actions and personality.

By the 1840s, phrenology had lost much of its credibility as a scientific hypothesis. This was only partially caused by mounting evidence that refuted phrenology. [40] Phrenologists struggled to locate the mental organs and were never able to agree on even the most basic mental organ counts, which ranged from 27 to over 40. Organ placement was determined by phrenologists using cranioscopic readings of the skull. According to research performed by Jean Pierre Flourens on pigeon brains, the loss of some brain regions either had no effect on function or resulted in the loss of a function entirely unrelated to that which phrenology had assigned to that region. Although not flawless, Flourens' experiment appeared to show that Gall's purported organs were fictitious.

Since phrenology was used by businesspeople to abuse the middle and working classes, scientists had also lost faith in it. The popularisation of phrenology led to its simplicity and the incorporation of physiognomic principles, which Gall had initially dismissed as a personality predictor. From the beginning, phrenology was tarnished by claims that it promoted materialism and atheism and undermined morals. All of them contributed to the demise of phrenology. Recent research have further debunked phrenology claims utilising cutting-edge technologies like magnetic resonance imaging.

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Answer:

A liquid moving from an area of low concentration, to an area of high concentration through a semi-permiable membrane.

Explanation:

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

When scientists discover a new fossil, one of the biggest challenges they face is determining what species it belongs to.

Explanation:

This can be difficult for a few reasons:

1. Incomplete Fossils: Sometimes, only certain parts of the fossil are preserved, such as a single bone or a fragment of a skull. This makes it hard for scientists to get a complete picture of what the animal looked like and how it might have lived.

2. Similarity to Other Species: Some fossils may look very similar to other species that are already known. It can be difficult to determine whether the new fossil belongs to a known species or represents a new species.

3. Limited Sample Size: Fossilization is a rare event, and finding multiple specimens of the same species is even rarer. This can make it hard for scientists to determine whether variations between different fossils are due to individual differences or represent different species.

To overcome these challenges, scientists use a variety of techniques, including comparing the morphology of the fossil to other known species, analyzing DNA or proteins preserved in the fossil, and using computer simulations to model how the animal might have moved and interacted with its environment. It can take years of research and analysis to properly classify a new fossil.

Answer:

u r mom

Explanation:

The statement 'the yeast cell mutated the gene to make it compatible' correctly explains this occurrence.

In conclusion, the statement 'the yeast cell mutated the gene to make it compatible' correctly explains this occurrence.

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The light reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the Thylakoid membranes.

Photosynthesis is a process that plants and other organisms use to convert light energy into chemical energy that can then be released to fuel the organism's activities via cellular respiration. Some of this chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars and starches, which are formed by the reaction of carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis is performed by the majority of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria; these organisms are known as photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis is responsible for producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere, as well as supplying the majority of the energy required for life on Earth.

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The reduced density of glutamine synthetase immunoreactive astrocytes in different cortical areas is observed in major depression but not in bipolar I disorder.

Glutamine synthetase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the regulation of glutamate, which is a neurotransmitter involved in various brain functions.

Astrocytes, a type of brain cell, express glutamine synthetase and are responsible for clearing excess glutamate from the synapse.

In major depression, there is a decrease in the density of astrocytes expressing glutamine synthetase in various cortical areas of the brain.

This reduction suggests a dysfunction in the regulation of glutamate levels in major depression, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder.

On the other hand, this reduction in the density of glutamine synthetase immunoreactive astrocytes is not observed in bipolar I disorder.

This difference in astrocyte density between major depression and bipolar I disorder suggests that there may be distinct underlying mechanisms and neurobiological alterations associated with these two mood disorders.

It is important to note that these findings are based on research studies and further investigation is needed to fully understand the relationship between glutamine synthetase immunoreactive astrocytes and mood disorders.

Additionally, it is essential to consider that these results may vary among individuals, and the overall understanding of the etiology of mood disorders is complex and multifactorial.

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Antibiotic-producing organisms can resist the effects of antibiotics but there is no need to resist the results of the antibiotic.

In biology, an organism is any natural, dwelling machine that features as a character entity. All organisms are composed of cells. Organisms are classified by using taxonomy into agencies along with multicellular animals, flora, and fungi; or unicellular microorganisms such as protists, micro organism, and archaea.

An organism typically refers to an unmarried or man or woman living species, which is famous for all the homes of existence. these can be a plant, animal, bird, insect and even a microbe.

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Answer:

4.)The red dot is a valence electron (negative charge) , the blue dot is a proton (positively charged), the white dot is a neutron (Neutrally charged).

  A.) the atom is carbon, because it has 6 protons in the nucleus

  B.) the atom has 4 valence electrons.

5.) C.) negatively charged ions (because adding negatively charge electrons makes the atom negatively charged)

6.) lithium has 4 neutrons and 3 protons.

carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons

Neon has 10 neutrons and 10 protons

Sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons

By the way, the atomic number is the same as the number of protons in the atom. You can find the atomic mass by looking at a periodic table or by looking at the internet.

Explanation:

Increased physical activity can help to prevent weight gain because of the ATP production that occurs during cellular respiration.

Physical activity is necessary to produce ATP from glucose.ATP is used as an energy source for all physiological processes, including muscular contractions, as well as for synthesizing macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Increased physical activity will increase ATP demand, leading to a need for more glucose as fuel.The glucose is broken down in cellular respiration, which produces CO2 and H2O. The increase in physical activity means more cellular respiration, leading to a more significant production of CO2 and H2O. As a result, these byproducts are removed from the body by breathing and sweating.This leads to a decrease in weight gain because cellular respiration in muscle cells results in ATP production, which provides the energy necessary for physical activity to occur.Suppose the food you eat provides fewer molecules than your cells need for cellular respiration. In that case, fat molecules stored in fat cells will be broken down to produce ATP. This is because fat cells store lipids, which can be broken down to produce ATP, which can then be used for physical activity. The breakdown of lipids, particularly triglycerides, into fatty acids and glycerol produces energy that the body can use for physical activity.

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Metamorphosis is a process that occurs when one form of an organism changes into another form. A well-known example of metamorphosis is the transformation of a caterpillar into a butterfly.

This process begins when the caterpillar, a larval form, spins a cocoon to protect itself from the environment and begins to break down its body into a pupal form. As it develops in this pupal form, the caterpillar is transformed into a butterfly with wings and legs that allow it to fly. This process of metamorphosis is a fundamental stage in the life cycle of the insect and allows it to adapt to the environment.

Another example of metamorphosis can be found in amphibians, such as frogs and salamanders. These animals go through a process called “metamorphosis” which allows them to transition from an aquatic larval form to a terrestrial adult form. This process involves a number of physical changes, such as the development of lungs, a more defined head and body, and the growth of limbs.

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Answer: photosynthesis - chloroplast; cellular respiration - mitochondria

Explanation:

the correct organelle with the correct process are photosynthesis chloroplast; cellular respiration mitochondria

The process in which plants, algae and certain bacteria use light energy of sunlight, water, carbon dioxide and convert light them into chemical energy and starch called as photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis occur in special organelles named chloroplast which has its own DNA, genes and hence can synthesize their own proteins.

Chloroplasts have stroma, fluid, and stack of thylakoids known as grana, three types of chlorophyll such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.

Oxygenic photosynthesis is  commonly observed in plants, algae and cyanobacteria where electrons are transferred from water to carbon dioxide by using light energy, to produce energy,  oxygen is produced along with carbohydrates.

Anoxygenic Photosynthesis is seen in certain bacteria, such as green sulphur bacteria and purple bacteria.

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Answer:

Yes, this is true, but certain panthers with deviations do not survive.

Explanation:

The thing is that the teeth of predatory animals are like hands, and if they are not in good condition, then they cannot use them correctly.

Plasmodium species reproduce sexually in the gut of female Anopheles mosquitoes.

This reproductive strategy results in the formation of sporozoites, which are responsible for the transmission of malaria to humans.

However, Plasmodium species can also infect a variety of other animals, including birds, reptiles, and primates.

Some species are exclusively human parasites, while others are adapted to other mammalian hosts.

Blood-sucking female Anopheles mosquitoes transfer Plasmodium sporozoites to a human host while feeding on their blood.

The sporozoites migrate to the liver, where they multiply, and then enter the bloodstream, where they invade red blood cells and multiply further.

This phase is responsible for most of the symptoms of malaria and results in the release of merozoites, which can infect additional red blood cells.

The other two organisms that are given in the options are: Ixodes ticks and Aedes mosquitoes.

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