Acetylene (c2h2) is a flammable gas used in welder's torches. Styrene (C8H8) is used to make packing peanuts. What is the empirical formula for each? Describe why the empirical formula might be useful in the lab setting but not useful for predicting the properties and/or functions of materials

If there is initially 0.420 atm of H2O2(g), the equilibrium partial pressures in atm of H2(g), O2(g), and H2O2(g) are 0.314 atm and if the volume is doubled, the total pressure of the system will be reduced to half of the original pressure due to the gas law.

a) Using the given equilibrium constant, we can set up an ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table to calculate the equilibrium partial pressures:

⇒            2H2O2(g) ⇌ 2H2(g) + O2(g)

Initial: 0.420 atm 0 atm 0 atm

Change: -x +2x +x

Equilibrium: 0.420-x 2x x

Substituting the values into the equilibrium constant expression:

⇒             Kc = [H2]^2[O2]/[H2O2]^2 = 7.109

⇒           7.109 = (2x)^2/(0.420-x)^2

Solving for x, we get x = 0.106 atm

Therefore, at equilibrium, the partial pressures of H2, O2, and H2O2 are:

⇒          PH2 = 2x = 0.212 atm

⇒          PO2 = x = 0.106 atm

⇒         PH2O2 = 0.420 - x = 0.314 atm

b) According to Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium will shift in the direction that opposes the change. When the volume is doubled, the system will try to reduce the pressure by shifting towards the side with fewer moles of gas. Since the reaction involves the formation of two moles of gas from two moles of reactants, the forward reaction will be favored to reduce the pressure. As a result, the partial pressure of H2O2(g) will increase to establish a new equilibrium.

To know more about the Equilibrium, here

https://brainly.com/question/12920261

#SPJ4

Answer:

D I think.............

The volume of 0.250 M HNO₂(aq) required to neutralize 36.0 milliliters of a 0.150 M NaOH solution is 21.6 milliliters.

To calculate the volume of HNO₂ needed for neutralization, we can use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of HNO₂ and NaOH:

HNO₂(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaNO₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

We can see from the equation that the stoichiometric ratio of HNO₂ to NaOH is 1:1. This means that one mole of HNO₂ will react with one mole of NaOH.

First, we need to determine the number of moles of NaOH present in the solution:

0.150 M NaOH = 0.150 moles NaOH / liter × 0.0360 liters = 0.00540 moles NaOH

Since the stoichiometric ratio of HNO₂ to NaOH is 1:1, the number of moles of HNO₂ required for neutralization is also 0.00540 moles.

We can now use the concentration of the HNO₂ solution to determine the volume needed:

0.250 M HNO₂ = 0.250 moles HNO₂ / liter

0.00540 moles HNO₂ × 1 liter / 0.250 moles HNO₂ = 0.0216 liters = 21.6 milliliters

Therefore, the volume of 0.250 M HNO₂(aq) required is 21.6 milliliters.

To know more about neutralize, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/28970253#
#SPJ11

To solve this problem, we first need to calculate the concentration of H+ ions in the initial solution using the pH:
pH = -log[H+]
1.00 = -log[H+]
[H+] = 10^-1.00 = 0.1 M
Since HCl is a strong acid, it will completely dissociate in water to form H+ and Cl- ions. Therefore, the initial concentration of HCl is also 0.1 M.

Next, we need to calculate how many moles of OH- ions are needed to neutralize all of the H+ ions in the solution and raise the pH to 14.00:
pH = 14.00 = -log[OH-]
[OH-] = 10^-14.00 = 1.0 x 10^-14 M
Since Ba(OH)2 is a strong base, it will completely dissociate in water to form Ba2+ and 2 OH- ions. Therefore, for every mole of Ba(OH)2 added, we will get 2 moles of OH- ions.

To calculate how many moles of Ba(OH)2 we need to add, we can use the following equation:
moles of H+ = moles of OH-
0.1 mol/L x 0.1 L = x mol/L x 2 x 10^-14 mol/L
x = 0.05 mol

Therefore, we need to add 0.05 moles of Ba(OH)2 to the initial solution to raise the pH to 14.00.

To know more about H+ ions visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/11171476

#SPJ11

Answer:

This is because Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing relative atomic mass.

Explanation:

Dmitri Mendeleev is one of the scientists that contributed to the development of periodic table in chemistry. He was able to organise elements into rows according to their atomic mass and into columns based on chemical and physical properties. This is the main reason why his periodic table is still studied even though it has some defects which include:

--> Grouping of elements that are not similar chemically: For example Copper and Silver bear no resemblance with the alkali metals, but they have been placed together in the first group.

--> Position of isotopes: According to his periodic table: Isotopes of an element must be given separate places in the periodic table because they have different atomic masses.

--> Electronic arrangement of elements: It failed to explain the electronic arrangement of elements.

--> Separation of chemically similar elements:

Elements that are chemically similar such as Gold and Platinum have been placed in separate groups.

As you transitioned from a solid to liquid to gas, the speed of your particles increased, distance between them grew and their arrangement became more disordered.

If you were placed on a hot sidewalk, you would experience conduction as the heat transferred from surface to your body.

As a result, you would turn into liquid water, and particles in your structure would begin to move faster, increase distance between them, and become more disordered. This is because the added heat increases the energy in particles, causing them to break away from their frozen state and become more fluid.

If you were exposed to the sun or another heat source, you would experience radiation as energy in form of electromagnetic waves traveled through space and heated your body.

And as a result, you would turn into gas and particles in your structure would increase in speed, become more spaced apart, and become even more disordered. This is because additional energy from heat causes particles to move around more rapidly, leading to breakdown of any remaining structure.

To know more about conduction and convection, refer

https://brainly.com/question/893656

#SPJ1

Answer:

PLEASE MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!

Explanation:

Calcium has an atomic number of 20 and an atomic mass of 40

The mass number of an isotope is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus. The atomic number is the number of protons. The calcium-40 isotope has a mass number of 40 , and an atomic number of 20 , therefore it has 20 protons.

The law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution indicates that the rate at which one input can be substituted for another decreases as the quantity of one input increases, leading to isoquants being bent toward the origin.

In other words, as the quantity of one good increases, the individual is willing to sacrifice fewer units of the other good to obtain an additional unit of the first good. This reflects a diminishing rate of substitution between the two goods.

The reason why the law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution suggests that isoquants must be bent toward the origin is rooted in the concept of diminishing marginal utility. As more units of a particular input (e.g., labor or capital) are added while holding other inputs constant, the additional output gained from each additional unit of the input will decrease. This diminishing marginal productivity leads to a decreasing MRS.

When isoquants (which represent different combinations of inputs that produce the same level of output) are bent toward the origin, it reflects the fact that as more of one input is used, the amount of the other input that needs to be substituted decreases. This bending signifies the diminishing MRS and captures the idea that a larger quantity of one input can be substituted for a smaller quantity of the other input to maintain the same level of output.

Overall, the law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution indicates that the rate at which one input can be substituted for another decreases as the quantity of one input increases, leading to isoquants being bent toward the origin.

To know more about marginal rate of substitution, click here, https://brainly.com/question/30763866

#SPJ11

To determine the amount of products formed in the given reaction, we first need to calculate the limiting reactant between H2SO4 and Ca3(PO4)2.

From the balanced equation, we see that 3 moles of H2SO4 react with 1 mole of Ca3(PO4)2 to produce 3 moles of CaSO4 and 2 moles of H3PO4. Therefore, we need to find out how many moles of Ca3(PO4)2 are present in the reaction to determine the limiting reactant.

We are not given the amount of Ca3(PO4)2, but we can assume that there is an excess amount of it present. This means that H2SO4 is the limiting reactant, and we can use 10.0 moles of H2SO4 to calculate the amount of products formed.

From the balanced equation, 3 moles of CaSO4 are produced for every 3 moles of H2SO4. Therefore, the amount of CaSO4 produced is also 10.0 moles. To calculate the mass, we need to multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of CaSO4:

mass of CaSO4 = 10.0 moles × 136.14 g/mol = 1361.4 g

Similarly, 2 moles of H3PO4 are produced for every 3 moles of H2SO4, which means that 6.67 moles of H3PO4 are produced when 10.0 moles of H2SO4 reacts. To calculate the mass of H3PO4, we multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of H3PO4:

mass of H3PO4 = 6.67 moles × 98.00 g/mol = 653.86 g

Therefore, 1361.4 g of CaSO4 and 653.86 g of H3PO4 are produced when 10.0 moles of H2SO4 reacts with enough Ca3(PO4)2 in the given reaction.

To know more about limiting reactant, visit :

https://brainly.com/question/14225536

#SPJ1

The elements are arranged in periods and groups. They are also arranged by the way they react to other chemicals, or the chemicals that are mixed in the element to make it.

The evidence that explains how the structure of each element is different from another is that the elements are arranged in periods and groups.

The periodic table refers to the tabular display of the chemical elements. It should be noted that the periodic table is arranged based on the increasing atomic number of the elements.

The elements that are in the periodic table are also arranged by the way they react to other chemicals. Therefore, the elements that are in a particular group typically have the same characteristics.

Read related link on:

https://brainly.com/question/5056924

The average body temperature is 98.6°F (37°C), with the normal range being 97°F (36.1°C) to 99°F (37.2°C).

According to the website where customers may make claims, the lawsuit claimed that Celsius mislabeled its products as having no preservatives even though they did contain citric acid. According to Celsius, it was introduced as flavour, not as a preservative, and it refuted the accusations.

Although it might not be directly dangerous, we don't advise drinking Celsius frequently. We still believe Celsius to be healthier than branded energy drinks like Red Bull, despite all of the dubious additives we mentioned in our review.

To know more about Celsius visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1373930

#SPJ4

According to the stoichiometry of the generic chemical reaction A + 2B → C, if 2 moles of B react completely, it will produce 1 mole of C.

In the given generic chemical reaction, the stoichiometric coefficient of B is 2, indicating that 2 moles of B are required to react with 1 mole of A to produce 1 mole of C. Therefore, if we start with 2 moles of B, all of it will react completely, resulting in the formation of 1 mole of C.

The stoichiometry of a balanced chemical equation provides the ratio of moles between reactants and products. In this case, for every 2 moles of B, 1 mole of C is formed. Hence, when 2 moles of B react, they will completely consume and yield 1 mole of C as the final product.


To learn more about stoichiometry click here: brainly.com/question/28780091

#SPJ11

When balancing a chemical reaction, you can only change the coefficients or numbers in front of the chemical formulas. The goal of balancing a chemical equation is to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation is equal.

Coefficients are used to represent the number of molecules or moles of a substance in a chemical equation. By adjusting these coefficients, you can balance the equation by making the number of atoms of each element the same on both sides.

However, you cannot change the subscripts within a chemical formula when balancing a reaction. The subscripts represent the number of atoms of each element within a molecule or formula unit and are fixed for a given compound. Changing the subscripts would result in a different compound with different properties.

In summary, when balancing a chemical reaction, you can only change the coefficients in front of the chemical formulas to achieve the balance of atoms on both sides of the equation.

know more about balancing a reaction click here;

https://brainly.com/question/12299665

when electric current is passed through an electrolytic cell we can recognise that electrolysis is taking place by :

*there may bubbles of different gases formed on the electrodes.

*if we add vinegar or lime juice we find more bubbles forming

by the we can identify

The pKa values for sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) are 2.15 and 7.20, while the pKa values for disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) are 2.15 and 7.20 as well.

To calculate the resulting pH of the mixture, you need to consider the pKa values of the phosphate buffer system.
Since the initial concentrations and volumes of the solutions are given, you can calculate the final concentrations of the buffer components.

The final concentration of NaH2PO4 will be 10 mM

(20 mM * 200 mL / 300 mL)

and the final concentration of Na2HPO4 will be 20 mM

(40 mM * 100 mL / 300 mL).
To find the pH, you can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which is

pH = pKa + log ([base] / [acid]).

In this case, the base is Na2HPO4 and the acid is NaH2PO4. Using the pKa values, you can plug in the concentrations of the base and acid to find the resulting pH.
However, since the pKa values are the same for both components, the pH of the resulting solution will be equal to the pKa value, which is 7.20.

To know more about disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) visit:

https://brainly.com/question/31173720

#SPJ11

The sign of the enthalpy change (ΔH) for the reaction of converting gypsum to plaster of Paris can be determined from the equation: 2 (CaSO4 2 H2O) -> 2 (CaSO4 0.5 H2O) + 3 H2O(g)

The products have more total bonds (in the solid phase) and less total bonds (in the gas phase) than the reactants, so the reaction is exothermic (ΔH is negative). Therefore, the sign of ΔH for making plaster of Paris from gypsum is negative.

The conversion of gypsum to plaster of Paris is a thermochemical reaction that involves the release of water as steam. The equation for this reaction is: 2 (CaSO4 2 H2O) -> 2 (CaSO4 0.5 H2O) + 3 H2O(g). The products of the reaction have a lower total bond energy than the reactants, which means that energy is released during the reaction. This release of energy is evidenced by the formation of steam, and it corresponds to a decrease in the enthalpy (ΔH) of the system. In other words, the reaction is exothermic, which means that ΔH is negative. This negative ΔH means that the reaction releases heat, which can be seen enthalpy as an increase in the temperature of the surrounding environment.

Learn more about enthalpy here

https://brainly.com/question/13996238

#SPJ4

Answer:

ture

Explanation:

trees, plants is what keeps us alive

1. Two specific sources of error in this experiment could be heat loss to the surroundings and inaccurate measurements of reactants. Heat loss can be minimized by insulating the calorimeter or conducting the experiment in a temperature-controlled environment.

Inaccurate measurements can be avoided by using more precise instruments for measuring the reactants and ensuring the equipment is properly calibrated.
2. It is important to have the temperatures of the HCl and NaOH solutions equal or very close to the same at the beginning of part A to ensure accurate results. Equal temperatures allow for a more accurate measurement of the temperature change during the reaction, which is necessary for calculating the enthalpy change. Unequal temperatures may introduce error into the enthalpy calculations, potentially leading to incorrect conclusions.
3. If the magnesium sample was contaminated with an equal weight of MgCl2, the change in enthalpy for the Mg-HCl reaction would be affected. The contamination would decrease the amount of Mg available to react, leading to a smaller enthalpy change. Since enthalpy is an extensive property, a decrease in the reacting Mg amount would result in a lower overall enthalpy change.Two specific sources of error in this experiment could be heat loss to the surroundings and inaccurate measurements of reactants. Heat loss can be minimized by insulating the calorimeter or conducting the experiment in a temperature-controlled environment.
4. If you replaced the magnesium in Part B with an equal weight of sodium, the enthalpy of the reaction would be different. Sodium has a different reactivity and specific heat capacity compared to magnesium, resulting in a different enthalpy change for the reaction. The specific enthalpy change would depend on the reaction between sodium and the given reactants, but it would likely differ from the enthalpy change observed with magnesium.

learn more about calorimeter here

https://brainly.com/question/28034251

#SPJ11

The empirical formula of citric acid is C₃H₄O₃.

To determine the empirical formula of citric acid based on its elemental composition, we need to convert the percentages into moles and find the simplest ratio of the elements present.

Given the percentages:

Carbon (C): 37.51%

Hydrogen (H): 4.20%

Oxygen (O): 58.29%

Assume we have 100 grams of citric acid, which allows us to directly convert the percentages into grams.

Carbon (C): 37.51 grams

Hydrogen (H): 4.20 grams

Oxygen (O): 58.29 grams

Next, we calculate the number of moles for each element using their respective atomic masses:

Carbon (C): 37.51 g / 12.01 g/mol = 3.12 mol

Hydrogen (H): 4.20 g / 1.01 g/mol = 4.16 mol

Oxygen (O): 58.29 g / 16.00 g/mol = 3.64 mol

Now, we divide each element's moles by the smallest number of moles (3.12) to obtain the simplest, whole-number ratio:

Carbon (C): 3.12 mol / 3.12 mol = 1

Hydrogen (H): 4.16 mol / 3.12 mol = 1.33

Oxygen (O): 3.64 mol / 3.12 mol = 1.17

Rounding to the nearest whole number, we find the empirical formula of citric acid is:

C₁H₁.₃₃O₁.₁₇

However, since we need to express the formula with whole numbers, we multiply all the subscripts by 3 to get:

C₃H₄O₃

Therefore, Citric acid's empirical formula is C₃H₄O₃.

To know more about the Empirical formula, here

https://brainly.com/question/30871726

#SPJ4

Answer:

The gas fumes are toxic

Explanation:

The extremely high concentrations of carbon monoxide produced by an engine can raise CO concentrations in a closed building so quickly that a person may collapse before they even realize there is a problem. Carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen to the brain, causing CO intoxication, and lack of reasoning.

Answer:

I think it's False

Explanation:

Explanation:

The amount of water in, on, and above our planet does not increase or decrease because of the water cycle

So it's false

Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. The criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve are given below :

The scanning tunneling microscope is the method used to see the atoms, was developed by Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning.

Criteria :  Criteria is defined as the requirements we need to solve the problem. The standard needed to create successful solution. Criteria is specific outcome for a problem.

STM should be of metal.

STM works on the top of tip.

It works by scanning sharp metal. Bringing the tip very close to surface.

Applying electric voltage to tip .

Constraints: constraints is defined as the limits based on resources and environment. It has the conditions the problem must satisfy.

Does not require other than sharp tip.

It is limited by wavelength of light.

Thus, Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. The criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve are discussed above.

To learn more about criteria and constraints here

https://brainly.com/question/5498461

#SPJ1

An amide that has a molecular ion with an m/z value of 129.

The molecular formula is C₉H₁₃NO.

To determine the molecular formula of the amide with an m/z value of 129, we need to consider the possible combinations of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) that would yield that molecular mass.

The m/z value of 129 indicates the mass-to-charge ratio of the molecular ion. Since we're dealing with a neutral molecule, we can assume a charge of +1 for the molecular ion. Therefore, the molecular mass would be equal to 129.

To find the molecular formula, we can consider different combinations of elements that sum up to a molecular mass of 129. Here are a few possibilities:

1. C₈H₁₁NO: In this case, the sum of the atomic masses is (8 × 12.01) + (11 × 1.01) + 14.01 + 16.00 = 128.09, which is close to the desired molecular mass but not exactly 129.

2. C₈H₁₀N₂O: In this case, the sum of the atomic masses is (8 × 12.01) + (10 × 1.01) + (2 × 14.01) + 16.00 = 128.14, which is also close to 129 but not exact.

3. C₉H₁₃NO: In this case, the sum of the atomic masses is (9 × 12.01) + (13 × 1.01) + 14.01 + 16.00 = 129.12, which is very close to 129.

Therefore, the molecular formula that best fits the given m/z value of 129 is C₉H₁₃NO.

To know more about m/z value here

https://brainly.com/question/31482540

#SPJ4

Answer: The given statement is True.

Explanation:

The heat will move from hotter object to the cooler object in search of thermal equilibrium. Heat transfer will only stop when both the bodies are at the same temperature.

Heat transfer can be done using conduction , convection or radiation.

The statement that Heat transfer is the movement of heat from a hotter object to a cooler object is True.

Explanation:

I'm pretty sure it's; because of the invention of the microscope, scientists were able to work together to develop the cell theory.

Answer:

electrical and heat energy

Explanation:

Answer:

Heat and Light

Explanation:

C on usatp

When H₂S gas is removed from the system at equilibrium, the reaction shifts to the right (products) and the concentration of NH₃ increases (option C)

A French scientist (Chatelier) postulated a principle which helps us to understand a chemical system in equilibrium.

The principle states that If a an external constraint such as change in temperature, pressure or concentration is imposed on a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium will shift so as to neutralize the effect.

According to Chatelier's principle a decrease in concentration of the products will favor the forward (right) reaction.

From the above principle, we can conclude that when H₂S gas is removed from the system at equilibrium, the reaction shifts to the right (products) and the concentration of NH₃ increases.

Thus, the correct answer to the question is option C

Learn more about chemical equilibrium:

https://brainly.com/question/4289021

#SPJ1

Answer:

A polypeptide chain!

Explanation:

Hopefully this helps! If this wasn't the answer you were looking for please don't hesitate to comment here or private message me! Have a nice day/night! :))

Amino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins. In the cell, amino acid molecules combine to form polypeptide chain or protein.

The term amino acids are defined as the building block of the protein. Amino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins. Their molecule contains both an amino and a carboxylic group.

Alpha-amino acids are amino acids that have an amino and a carboxyl group attached to the same carbon atom, i.e., an alpha-carbon atom. Glycine, Alanine, etc.

Proteins are made up of monomers called amino acids. A protein is composed of one or more linear chains of amino acids, each of which is referred to as a polypeptide.

Thus, In the cell, amino acid molecules combine to form polypeptide chain or protein.

To learn more about an amino acid, follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/14583479

#SPJ2

Answer:

migraine

Explanation:

d