Answer:
read this it might help some
When a moving object collides with a stationary object of identical mass, the stationary object encounters the greater collision force. When a moving object collides with a stationary object of identical mass, the stationary object encounters the greater momentum change.
Explanation:
Imagine you are dating a mineral sample that contains one-eighth of its original parent isotope. What is the
absolute age of the sample if the half-life of the parent isotope is 15 years?
A. 1.875 years
B. 23 years
C. 45 years
D. 120 years
Answer:
c
3 half lifes have passed to get to 1/8
1/2 then 1/4 then 1/8
so 15*3
Explanation:
A roller coaster pushes a 25 kg person upward with a force of 300 N. What is the acceleration?
Answer: a=F/m , a = 300N/25N , a= 12 m/s2
Explanation: Divide the 300 by 25 you get 12 . If your wondering how i got 25N in the eqaution it because you change 25kg to 25N. I hope this helps you
Acceleration of an object is the force divided by mass. The acceleration of the roller coaster to push the 25 kg person with a force of 300 N is 12 m/s².
What is acceleration ?Acceleration is a physical quantity measuring the rate of change in velocity. It is a vector quantity having both magnitude and acceleration. Acceleration has the unit of m/s².
According to Newton's second law of motion, the force acting on a body is the product of its mass and acceleration.
F = ma
Given that, mass of the person = 25 kg
force applied on the body = 300 N
acceleration = force/mass
a = 300 N/25 kg = 12 m/s²
Therefore, the acceleration of the roller coaster is 12 m/s².
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Refer to the model below. A science student is camping with her family for one month at Stone Mountain Park. In a journal she records a model of the moon phases she observes. If she began recording the moon phases at position X, which sequence of Moon phase models could be seen by her during the 4-week period?
Answer:
New Moon - Crescent Moom ---- Full Moon ---- Waning Quarter
Explanation:
The Moon revolves around the Earth in a 28 day period, which is approximately one Earth month, therefore S the student has been recording the movement of the Moon for 4 Earth weeks this is a period of complete revolution of the Moon .
Consequently you must register the following phases
New Moon - Crescent Moom ---- Full Moon ---- Waning Quarter
in the period where it begins, it must go through the cycle in an orderly way to the right.
You have been asked to produce a maximal isometric contraction of your Biceps Brachii starting from rest ( 0 force output). Please list and describe the types of motor units, their recruitment patterns, and neural mechanisms involved in helping you perform this task.
During a maximal isometric contraction of the Biceps Brachii, motor units are recruited based on the size principle, starting with slow-twitch and progressing to fast-twitch motor units. Neural mechanisms involve descending signals and feedback from muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs.
During a maximal isometric contraction of the Biceps Brachii, different types of motor units are recruited, each with distinct characteristics. Here are the types of motor units and their recruitment patterns:
1. Slow-twitch (Type I) Motor Units:
- These motor units are characterized by low force production and high endurance.
- They are recruited first during low-intensity contractions and are responsible for maintaining posture and performing low-force activities.
- Slow-twitch motor units are activated by smaller, slower-conducting motor neurons.
2. Fast-twitch Fatigue-Resistant (Type IIa) Motor Units:
- These motor units have moderate force production and fatigue resistance.
- They are recruited after slow-twitch motor units and contribute to force development during moderate-intensity contractions.
- Type IIa motor units are activated by motor neurons of intermediate size and conduction velocity.
3. Fast-twitch Fatigable (Type IIb/x) Motor Units:
- These motor units produce high force but fatigue quickly.
- They are recruited last during high-intensity contractions when maximum force is required.
- Type IIb/x motor units are activated by larger, faster-conducting motor neurons.
The recruitment of motor units is governed by the size principle, which states that motor units are recruited in order of their size, from smallest (slow-twitch) to largest (fast-twitch) as force requirements increase. This recruitment pattern ensures a smooth increase in force output and helps distribute the load among different motor units to prevent fatigue.
Neural mechanisms involved in motor unit recruitment include the activation of motor neurons in the spinal cord by descending signals from the motor cortex and other motor centers. These signals trigger action potentials that propagate down the motor neurons, leading to the release of neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction, ultimately resulting in muscle fiber contraction. Feedback mechanisms, such as muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs, also provide sensory information to modulate motor unit recruitment and maintain muscle function.
By sequentially activating motor units with increasing force capabilities, the nervous system can generate a maximal isometric contraction of the Biceps Brachii, allowing for tasks such as lifting heavy loads or exerting maximal force.
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if a force of 50N is used to pull a box along the ground, at a distance of 8m. The box moves in the same direction as the force. Calculate the work done.
Answer:
400 JExplanation:
The work done by an object can be found by using the formula
workdone = force × distance
From the question we have
workdone = 50 × 8
We have the final answer as
400 JHope this helps you
Imagine that you are sitting on a couch watching TV and that you will continue sitting on the couch watching TV until someone changes the channel. This situation is a metaphor for which of Newton's laws of motion?
-The law of inertia
-The law of action-reaction
-The law of acceleration
-None of the above
Answer:
I think the law of inertia
. consider the replacement of the 400 mw san juan thermoelectric power plant in puerto rico, which uses heavy fuel oil to generate electricity, with a solar photovoltaic farm. the oil plant has a heat rate of 10,811 btu/kwh and a capacity factor of 53%. a. for installation of south-facing fixed tilt pv arrays, with tilt angle equal to the local latitude in san juan, how many acres of collector surface area would be required to replace the generation from the fuel oil plant? assume that the photovoltaic cells have an efficiency of 17%. b. by how many acres can the surface area in part (a) be reduced if single-axis tracking is added (with the collector tilt angle still equal to the local latitude)? c. what will be the annual fuel cost savings ($) if the oil power plant is retired, if heavy fuel oil costs $290 per metric ton and has a heating value of 39,500 btu/kg?
Annual saving energy produced *cost of oil/heating value is
$ 10020.46177.
Latitude and longitude: what are they?Latitudes are lines that are horizontal and show how far a location is from the equator. In relation to the meridian in Greenwich, England, longitudes are vertical lines that show the east and west directions. Latitude and longitude are used in conjunction to locate points or places on the globe by cartographers, geographers, and others.
Puerto Rico's capital city's latitude and longitude are 18° 27' 58.7988" North and 66° 6' 20.5956" West.
Local San Juan latitude divided by tilt angle equals 18.46 WBAN No. 11641 = for year = 5.5 provides information on solar radiation for flat plate collectors facing south with a fixed tilt.
KWh/m2/day = 5.5 KWh/m2/day (1 day =3600h)
Formula used-
Solar radiation at that place* Collector Area *Collector efficiency = Heat rate * Output
power*Capacity factor
1 KW= 3,412.14 BTU/h
Heat rate* output power* capacity factor = 10,811*400*10^3*0.53 BTU/h = 671699.2855
KW
Collector Area = 671699.2855*3600/5.5*0.17
= 25862218.48 m^2= 6390 acres
C.
Cost of oil = 290$ /10^3 kg
Energy produced= 400*10^3 KW = 1364856 *10^3 BTU/h
Heating value = 39,500 Btu/kg
Annual saving Energy produced *cost of oil/heating value
= $ 10020.46177
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The energy stored in a capacitor has a value U when connected to a battery with a voltage V. When the voltage is increased to 2V, the energy stored in the capacitor is:
The energy stored in the capacitor when the voltage is increased to 2V is 4U
Energy stored in a capacitor is given by
E = ½CV²
If the capacitor, C is constant, then
E₁ / V₁² = E₂ / V₂²
U / V² = E₂ / (2V)²
U / V² = E₂ / 4V²
Cross multiply
V² × E₂ = U × 4V²
Divide both side by V²
E₂ = (U × 4V²) / V²
E₂ = 4U
Therefore, the final energy in the capacitor will be 4U
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Find the force of an object is the mass is 2 kg and the acceleration is 5 m/s2.
Answer:
10 NExplanation:
The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula
force = mass × acceleration
From the question we have
force = 2 × 5
We have the final answer as
10 NHope this helps you
What is the magnitude and direction of the momentum of a 1200 kg truck traveling at 20m/s towards the east
Given :
A 1200 kg truck traveling at 20 m/s towards the east.
To Find :
The magnitude and direction of the momentum.
Solution :
We know, momentum is given by :
Momentum, P = mv
P = 1200 × 20 kg m/s
P = 24000 kg m/s
Now, we know, direction of momentum is same as the direction of velocity.
Therefore, momentum of truck is 24000 kg m/s and direction is towards the east.
how to find the minimum force required to move an object
The minimum force required to move an object can be calculated using the formula: Minimum force required = coefficient of static friction × weight of the object.
To find the minimum force required to move an object, you need to consider two factors: the coefficient of static friction and the weight of the object.
The coefficient of static friction is a measure of how difficult it is to start the motion of an object on a particular surface. It depends on the materials in contact and the roughness of the surface. The coefficient of static friction is denoted by the symbol μs.
The weight of the object is the force exerted by gravity on the object. It depends on the mass of the object and the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.8 m/s2 on Earth.
The minimum force required to move an object can be calculated using the formula:
Minimum force required = μs × weight of the object
where the weight of the object is given by:
Weight of the object = mass of the object × acceleration due to gravity
By substituting the values of the coefficient of static friction and the weight of the object into the formula, you can calculate the minimum force required to move the object.
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A minimum force of 10 N is required to move the object.
To find the minimum force required to move an object, you need to consider the following factors:
the weight of the object, the coefficient of friction between the object and the surface it is on, and any other external forces acting on the object.
Here are the steps to follow:
1. Determine the weight of the object:
This can be done by using a scale or by consulting the specifications for the object if available.
The weight is usually measured in Newtons (N) or pounds (lb).
2. Identify the coefficient of friction:
The coefficient of friction is a number that describes the friction between two surfaces.
It is usually denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ) and can range from 0 to 1.
A higher coefficient of friction means that it is harder to move the object. You can find the coefficient of friction by consulting a table or by conducting an experiment.
3. Calculate the force required to move the object:
Once you have the weight of the object and the coefficient of friction, you can calculate the force required to move the object.
The formula is:
F = μ × W where:
F is the force required to move the object
μ is the coefficient of friction
W is the weight of the object
For example, if the weight of the object is 50 N and the coefficient of friction is 0.2, then the force required to move the object is:
F = 0.2 × 50F = 10 N
Therefore, a minimum force of 10 N is required to move the object.
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how does speed affect the amount of kinetic energy an object has?
Answer:
The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. The more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it has
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A stomp rocket takes 2.8 seconds to reach its maximum height (g = -9.8 m/s?).Part A:What was the total time in the air?Part B:What was the final landing velocity?
Use composition of functions to determine whether f ( x ) and g ( x ) are inverses of each other.
\(f ( x ) =\frac{4}{5}\) x + 1
\(g ( x ) = \frac{5 x - 5}{4}\)
The two compositions are: f( g(x) ) = x and g( f(x) ) = x
What is an inverse function?The inverse function is defined as a function obtained by reversing the given function.
We have given functions :
f(x) = 4/5x + 1
g(x) = (5x - 5)/4
Let's check if the functions are inverses.
f( g(x) ) = 4/5g(x) + 1 = 4/5{(5x - 5)/4} + 1 = (x - 1) + 1 = x
g( f(x) ) = (f(x) - 1)5/4 = (4/5x + 1 - 1)5/4 = x
So, f(x) and g(x) are inverses.
Hence, the two compositions are: f( g(x) ) = x and g( f(x) ) = x
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one advantage of the hubble space telescope over ground based ones is that
Space telescopes have the advantage of being above the blurring effects of the Earth's atmosphere.
A surrounding is a layer of fuel or layers of gases that envelop a planet and is held in a region through the gravity of the planetary frame. A planet retains its surroundings whilst the gravity is exceptional and the temperature of the surroundings is low. A stellar ecosystem is the outer area of a celeb, which includes the layers above the opaque photosphere; stars of low temperature may have outer atmospheres containing compound molecules.
The atmosphere of Earth consists of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), argon (0.9%), carbon dioxide (0.04%), and trace gases. most organisms use oxygen for breathing; lightning and bacteria perform nitrogen fixation to provide ammonia that is used to make nucleotides and amino acids; flora, algae, and cyanobacteria use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
The layered composition of the ecosystem minimizes the damaging results of daylight, ultraviolet radiation, solar wind, and cosmic rays to defend organisms from genetic harm. The modern composition of the atmosphere of the Earth is made from billions of years of biochemical modification of the paleo atmosphere by residing organisms.
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12. The resistivity of a given wire of cross-sectional
area 0.7mm 4.9 x 10raised to the power of -4ohm mm. Calculate the
resistance of a 2ohm length of the wire
R = resistivity × (l/A), A = πr^2= πd^2/4
2 =( 4.9 × 10^ -4) * (l/π0.7^2/4)
make l the subject and calculate.
i assumed we are looking for the length if the wire.
According to Newton's 2nd law of motion, if you hit a baseball with a bat it will
-hurt your hand from the reaction force
-accelerate according to the applied force
-fly in a straight line unless an outside force changes its course
-fall to the ground because of gravitational pull
Answer:
Newton's second law states that force is directly proportional to the product of mass and acceleration.
so if you hit a baseball with a bat it will accelerate according to the applied force.
7. A car traveled at a steady speed of 24 m/s north for 30 minutes. What distance was covered?
1 minute = 60 seconds
30 minutes x 60 = 1800 seconds
24 m/s x 1800 seconds = 43,200 meters
1000 meters = 1 km
43,200 meters / 1000 = 43.2 km
The car traveled 43.2 km
An uncharged spherical conductor hangs by an insulating thread. You bring a negatively charged rod near
from the left side. The net charge on the hanging conductor’s left side is (choose one):
a. Positive
b. Negative
c. Neutral
Answer:
Positive
This type of charging is called charging by induction In this the uncharged body gets the opposite type of charge.when a negatively charged rod is bring near uncharged spherical conductor it attracts positive charge and repels negative charges
so In left side all positive charges appears and in right side all negetive
Types of methods of charging
Charging by contact charging by rubbing charging by induction.A uniform sphere of mass 0.85 kg and radius 4.2cm is held in
place by a mass less rope attached to a frictionless wall at d = 8
em above the center of the sphere. Find
a) The tension of the rope and
b) The force of the wall on the sphere
The answer to the given question is as follows:
a) The tension in the rope is 4.37 N.
b) The force of the wall on the sphere is equal in magnitude which is 4.37 N and opposite in direction to the tension in the rope.
a) The tension of the rope:
Since the sphere is in equilibrium, there must be no net force exerted on it. Thus, the tension in the rope and the gravitational pull are the two forces affecting the sphere.
The gravitational force (weight) can be calculated using the formula:
\(F_{gravity} = mg\)
where
m is the mass of the sphere and
g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²).
\(F_{gravity}\) = 0.85 kg × 9.8 m/s²
= 8.33 N
The force needed to balance the gravitational pull is equal to the tension in the rope. Since the rope is secured 8 cm above the sphere's centre, it produces a torque that balances the torque brought on by gravity.
The torque due to the tension in the rope is given by:
\(\tau_{tension} = T\times d\)
where
T is the tension in the rope and
d is the distance from the point of rotation (centre of the sphere) to the line of action of the tension force (8 cm).
The torque due to the gravitational force is given by:
\(\tau_{gravity} = F_{gravity} \times r\)
where r is the radius of the sphere.
For equilibrium, the torques must be equal:
\(\tau_{tension}=\tau_{gravity}\)
\(T \times d = F_{gravity} \times r\)
Substituting the values:
T × 8 cm = 8.33 N × 4.2 cm
Solving for T:
T = (8.33 N × 4.2 cm) / 8 cm
T ≈ 4.37 N
Therefore, the tension in the rope is 4.37 N.
b) The force of the wall on the sphere:
The force exerted by the wall on the sphere is proportional to and directed in the opposite direction as the tension in the rope.
As a result, the force of the wall on the sphere is 4.37 N, but it is directed downward.
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a ball rolls down a ramp,starting from rest, after 4 seconds, it’s velocity is 12m/s. what is the acceleration of the ball?
Answer:
acceleration = (change of velocity) / (time)
a = 12/ 4 = 3 m/s2
helicopter blades withstand tremendous stresses. in addition to supporting the weight of a helicopter, they are spun at rapid rates and experience large centripetal accelerations, especially at the tip. calculate the centripetal acceleration at the tip of a 4.00 m long helicopter blade that rotates at 270 rev/min.
4,860m/s² centripetal acceleration at the tip of a 4.00 m long helicopter blade that rotates at 270 rev/min.
What is Centripetal acceleration?The rate at which tangential velocity changes is known as centripetal acceleration. Centripetal force is defined as the total force that accelerates an item in a circular motion. The centripetal force points in the direction of the centre, perpendicular to the body's motion.
What is rotation?An object moves in a circular motion around a central axis when it is rotating or spinning. A two-dimensional spinning object can rotate in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction and has a single potential central axis. There are countless central axis and rotational directions that can be used to describe a three-dimensional object.
Calculation:
Centripetal acceleration = ac = w². r
= (270)² × 4 = 4,860m/s²
Hence, 4,860m/s² centripetal acceleration.
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A 15 kg block rests on a roof that is at an angle of 40° to the horizontal. What is the component of the force into the surface of the roof
9. 6N
11. 5N
94. 4N
112. 6N
The component of the force into the surface of the roof is approximately 94.4 N.
To find the component of the force into the surface of the roof, we need to calculate the gravitational force acting on the block and then determine its vertical component.
The gravitational force on the block can be calculated using the formula:
Force_gravity = mass * acceleration_due_to_gravity
Given that the mass of the block is 15 kg and the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s^2, we can calculate the gravitational force:
Force_gravity = 15 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = 147 N
Next, we need to find the vertical component of the gravitational force. This component can be found by multiplying the force of gravity by the sine of the angle between the roof and the horizontal. In this case, the angle is 40°.
Vertical component = Force_gravity * sin(angle)
Vertical component = 147 N * sin(40°) ≈ 94.4 N
Therefore, the component of the force into the surface of the roof is approximately 94.4 N.
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If the distance between slits on a diffraction grating is 0. 50 mm and one of the angles of diffraction is 0. 25°, how large is the path difference? nm How many orders of bright lines does this equal for red light with a wavelength of 650 nm? wavelengths.
The distance the wave traveled between the two-point is the path difference. The path difference will be 2200 nm and 3 orders of bright lines do this equal red light with a wavelength of 650 nm.
What is diffraction grating?A diffraction grating is a type of optical instrument obtained with a continuous pattern. The pattern of the diffracted light by a grating depends on the structure and number of elements present.
The equation of diffraction grating is given as
\(\rm n\lambda=dsin\phi\\\\\rm n\lambda=0.50\times10^{-3}\times sin(0.25) \\\\ n\rm \lambda=2.18\times10^{-6} \;m \\\\\rm n\lambda=2200\;nm\)
Hence the path difference will be 2200 nm.
\(\rm n\lambda=2200\;nm \\\\\rm n\times650=2200 \\\\\rm n=3.38\)
n= 3
Hence 3 orders of bright lines do this equal red light with a wavelength of 650 nm.
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A change in the gravitational force acting on an object will affect the object’s
A. Mass
B. Coefficient of static friction
C. Weight
D. Inertia
c. weight.
Explanation:
I had the exact same question
a change in gravitational force affects weight. The correct answer is: c. Weight
The gravitational force is given by the law of universal gravitation
F = \(G \frac{M m}{r^2}\)
where F is the force, G the constant of universal attraction, M and m the mass of the two bodies, r the distance between the bodies
In the case that a body is lying on the surface of the planet, the distance is the radius of the planet, in this case the radius of the Earth
r = R_e
F = \(G \frac{M m}{R_e^2}\)
For convenience we can define a new variable called acceleration of gravity (g)
g = \(G \frac{M}{R_e^2}\)
we substitute
F = g m
This amount is called body weight, so a change in gravitational force creates a change in weight, therefore the correct answer is: C Weight
In conclusion a change in gravitational force affects weight, therefore the correct answer is: c. Weight
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Find the maximum net charge that can be placed on a spherical conductor of radius 72 cm before dielectric breakdown of the air occurs. The dielectric strength of the air is 3 × 106 V/m and the Coulomb constant is 8.98755 × 109 N · m2 /C 2 . Answer in units of µC
What is the magnitude of the potential of the sphere when it carries this maximum charge? Answer in units of kV.
The maximum net charge that can be placed on the spherical conductor before dielectric breakdown occurs can be found using the formula: Q = 4πε₀r²E where Q is the charge, ε₀ is the electric constant (8.854 × 10^-12 F/m), r is the radius of the conductor, and E is the dielectric strength of the air.
Substituting the given values, we get:
Q = 4π(8.854 × 10^-12)(0.72)^2(3 × 10^6) = 5.05 × 10^-6 C or 5.05 µC (to three significant figures)
The magnitude of the potential of the sphere when it carries this maximum charge can be found using the formula:
V = kQ/r
where V is the potential, k is the Coulomb constant, Q is the charge, and r is the radius of the conductor.
Substituting the given magnitude, we get:
V = (8.98755 × 10^9)(5.05 × 10^-6)/(0.72) = 6.27 kV (to two significant figures)
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The magnitude of the potential of the sphere when it carries the maximum charge is 16.4 kV.
Q_max = 4πε_0R²E_max
Q_max = 4π(8.854 × \(10^{-12}\) F/m)(0.72 m)^2(3 × \(10^{6}\) V/m)
= 4.02 × \(10^{-6}\) C
= 4.02 µC
V = Q/(4πε_0R)
V = (4.02 × \(10^{-6}\) C)/(4π(8.854 × \(10^{-12}\)F/m)(0.72 m))
= 16.4 kV
A charge is a fundamental property of matter that describes the electric force that an object can exert on other objects. It is a scalar quantity that can be positive or negative, and its unit of measurement is the Coulomb (C).
The charge can exist in two types: positive and negative. Positive charges are carried by protons, while negative charges are carried by electrons. The total charge of an isolated system is always conserved, meaning that it cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or redistributed among objects. Electric charge plays a critical role in a wide range of physical phenomena, including the behavior of atoms and molecules, the functioning of electrical circuits, and the interactions between particles in the universe.
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Compared to the amount of energy required to accelerate a car from rest to 27 m/s, how much energy is required to accelerate the car from 27 m/s to twice that speed, 54 m/s?
The ratio of the kinetic energy is 1 : 3 .
We need to know about kinetic energy to solve this problem. Kinetic energy is the energy from a moving object. It can be determined as
KE = 1/2 . m . v²
where KE is kinetic energy, m is mass and v is speed.
From the question above, we know that
v1 = 27 m/s
v2 = 54 m/s
Find initial kinetic energy (0 to 27m/s)
KE1 = 1/2 . m . v1²
KE1 = 1/2 . m . 27²
KE1 = 364.5 m joules
Find final kinetic energy
KE2 = 1/2 . m . v2²
KE2 = 1/2 . m . 54²
KE2 = 1458 m joules
Hence, the energy required to accelerate (27 to 54 m/s) is
ΔKE = KE2 - KE1
ΔKE = 1458m - 364.5m
ΔKE = 1093.5m joules
By comparing these two kinetic energy, hence
KE1 / ΔKE = 364.5m / 1093.5m
KE1 / ΔKE = 1 / 3
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Kinetic friction is the frictional force needed to start an object at rest into
motion.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
b.false i think
Explanation:
i hope i am correct and helps you
Answer:false
Explanation:
I just did it
As an object fall in a gravitational field, its speed increases. This is an example of potential energy transforming into what?
Answer:
potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy
The dark screen has a 2-mm-diameter hole. The bulb is the only source of light. What do you see on the viewing screen?
When looking at the viewing screen with a dark screen and a 2-mm-diameter hole, you would see a small, bright spot of light.
On the viewing screen, you would see a small, bright spot of light. Since the screen is dark and there is a 2-mm-diameter hole, only the light from the bulb passing through the hole will be visible. This creates a focused beam of light that appears as a spot on the screen.
To explain this further, when light passes through a small hole, it undergoes a process called diffraction. Diffraction causes the light to spread out and interfere with itself, creating a pattern of bright and dark regions. However, in this case, since the screen is dark and there are no other sources of light, only the light passing through the hole will be visible on the screen.
The size of the spot on the screen will depend on the size of the hole. In this case, with a 2-mm-diameter hole, the spot will be relatively small. The brightness of the spot will depend on the intensity of the light emitted by the bulb.
In summary, when looking at the viewing screen with a dark screen and a 2-mm-diameter hole, you would see a small, bright spot of light.
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