a person can be immunised against a disease by injecting them with an inactive form of a pathogen.
explain how this makes a person immune to the disease in a paragraph
(ill mark u brainlist)
Answers
a vaccine works by training the immune system to recognize and fight pathogens, either viruses or bacteria. so certain molecules from the pathogen must be introduced into the body to trigger an immune response. so basically your not really immune your body will just know how to deal with it
\(\Large\textbf{ACTIVE AND PASSIVE IMMUNITY}\)
Active Immunity, Immunity which is acquired by the own immune response of the body.
Passive Immunity, Immunity which is acquired and dependent upon the antibodies transported from another person or even an animal. A person's immune system does not acquire or make the antibodies itself. A newborn baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta.
x---------------------------------------------------x
\(\Large\textbf{Vaccination:}\)
Vaccination is a artificial active immunity. Artificial because the antibodies are not acquired by any natural infection but it is injected into the healthy body of the person. It is Active immunity because the body does not get already made (from other animal) antibodies but it acts on the small amount of the pathogen which is injected in the body and acquires the antibodies itself. So the person acquires antibodies naturally acting on the antigen. Antigen is any foreign agent which triggers the immune system to produce antibodies against it. Vaccines contains antigen which is a harmless form of the bacteria or a virus that causes the disease you are being immunised against. The bacteria or virus are in small proportion and greatly weakened in the vaccine so they just trigger an immune response without causing any real damage. When Vaccine is injected in the body, the immune system starts to make antibodies of different forms against the antigen(Virus or bacteria in the vaccine). When the appropriate shape antibody reacts with the antigen and forms antibody-antigen complex which destroys the antigen. This means that type and shape of antibody is perfect to work against that antigen, then the immune system start forming only those kind of antibodies in great proportion and the Person gets immunised by the vaccine in a natural way.
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What is thought to have caused the extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period
Answers
Answer:
To answer your question the most common belief of the mass extinction of the Cretaceous period was due to an asteroid impact.
Explanation:
the gulf of california is located on the tropic of cancer. at what position of earth, will the sun be exactly overhead at the gulf of california? position 1 position 2 position 3 position 4
Answers
The Gulf of California is located on the Cancer Tropic. At d) Position 4, the sun will be directly overhead in the Gulf of California.
The summer solstice is represented by position D in the illustration. It's the condition that occurs when the sun is directly above the cancer tropic( the Gulf of California). Every time on June 22nd, the northern semicircle gests summer solstice while the southern semicircle gests downtime solstice.
The Tropic of Cancer, also known as the Northern Tropic, is the northernmost circle of latitude on Earth where the Sun can be directly above. This happens during the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is at its most inclined toward the Sun.
On the December Solstice, it also reaches 90 degrees below the horizon at solar night. The circle is presently 23 ° 26 ′10.5 ′ ′( or23.43625 °) north of the Equator, according to a constantly streamlined formula.
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Correct question:
The Gulf of California is located on the Tropic of Cancer. At what position of Earth, will the sun be exactly overhead at the Gulf of California?
a) Position 1
b) Position 2
c) Position 3
d) Position 4
20 points
Every water molecule is made up of two hydorgen
atoms and one
oxygen
atom. This arrangement causes a water molecule to have a slightly negative
charge near it's oxygen atom and a slight-
positive
charge near each hydrogen atom. This uneven distribution of charges across a molecule is called______?
Fill in the blank
Answers
Answer:
type of forms between molecules is called a hydrogen bond.
Answer:
hydrogen bond
Explanation:
hydrogen bond
growing arctic ice sheets is an example of-
A) correlational effect
B) positive feedback
C) negative feedback
D) causal effect
Answers
It’s the answer i know
. Endothermic organisms retain a stable internal body temperature (homeostasis). Would the change in seasons have any effect on the functioning of enzymes in these organisms?
Answers
How does drilling for oil negatively impact the environment?
Answers
Answer:
Oil and gas drilling is a dirty business
Explanation:
Oil and gas drilling has a serious impact on our wildlands and communities. Drilling projects operate around the clock generating pollution, fueling climate change, disrupting wildlife and damaging public lands that were set aside to benefit all people
Global warming could happen without the greenhouse effect
True or False
Answers
Answer:
false
Explanation:
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Virus and Bacteria Escape Room Level 5
Q1 Answer is: A
Q2 Answer is: C
Q3 Answer is: D
Q4 Answer is: B
I just need the 4 digit number code now I have the correct answers at the top.
Answers
The four digit code is 5934 (no space).
Letter A = 3 + 2 = 5
Letter B = A + 4 = 5 +4 = 9
Letter C = 4 - 1 = 3
Letter D = 3 + 1 = 4
Virus is defined as the microorganism that is made up of either DNA or RNA and it is surrounded by a protein coat.
While bacteria is defined as a single celled microorganism that lacks membrane bound organelles.
From the question, the answer to the alphabet A to B is 5, 9, 3 and 4.
Therefore, the four digit code is 5934 (no space)
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a scientific explanation that is tentative and testable is termed a/an:
Answers
A scientific explanation that is tentative and testable is termed as a hypothesis.
A scientific explanation is an explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can be continuously tested and verified by utilizing the scientific method. Scientific explanations use empirical data, and observations to back up their reasoning. They must be proven to be true or false through testing and experimentation. They are testable and measurable. They must also be repeatable so that other scientists can execute the same experiment in order to obtain the same results.
A hypothesis is an assumption or a proposed or possible explanation for some phenomenon that is testable and falsifiable made on grounds of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. A hypothesis has to be testable to be scientific. A tentative scientific explanation is called a hypothesis. The most straightforward definition of a hypothesis is an idea or a tentative explanation for an observed phenomenon that can be tested through experimentation or observation. It is an educated guess based on observation, previous knowledge, and research. A hypothesis must be falsifiable, meaning that it can be tested and potentially proven false through experimentation or observation. It may be called a scientific hypothesis, though this is a somewhat ambiguous term. It can be considered as a tentative scientific explanation, which serves as a foundation for empirical testing.
In conclusion, a scientific explanation that is tentative and testable is termed a hypothesis.
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When two species from different lineages independently evolve similar characteristics because they occupy similar environments, we observe ______.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - convergent evolution.
Explanation:
When two organism are not monophyletic or had different lineages, evolve independently same type of characteristics in due to the adaption to the similar environmental conditions termed as convergent evolution in evolutionary biology.
Wings of insects, birds, and bats and their flight has similar nature due to the environmental condition but have different lineages, are one of the example of convergent evolution.
Thus, the correct answer - convergent evolution.
here’s a easy 10 points please help !!!
Answers
The second answer from the top
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Two objects are being lifted by a machine. One object has a mass of 2 kg, and is lifted at a speed of 2
m/s. The other has a mass of 4 kg and is lifted at a rate of 3 m/s. What does this tell you about the variable(s) that impact gravitational potential energy?
Answers
Impact on gravitational potential energy is that the object which has greater Kinetic energy will have less potential energy, like object 2 has greater KE and less potential energy and object 1 has less KE and greater potential energy
It is given that
mass of 1 object = 2 kg
speed of 1 object = 2 m/s
mass of 2 object = 4 kg
speed of 2 object = 3 m/s
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x m x v^2
KE(1) = 1/2 x 2 x (2)^2
KE(1) = 1/2 x 2 x 4 = 4 Joule
KE(2) = 1/2 x 4 x (3)^2
KE(2) = 1/2 x 4 x 9 = 18 Joule
As the height increases, there is an increase in the gravitational potential energy and a decrease in the kinetic energy . The kinetic energy is inversely proportional to the potential energy
Hence, Kinetic energy of 1 object is 4 Joule and another is 18 Joule
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PLEASE HELP
1. Which is the simplified version of Kepler’s third law when one of the planets being compared is Earth?
T=r^2
T^2=r^3
T^2=r
T^3=r^2
2. Which of the following are effects of melting sea ice? Select the two correct answers.
The exposed water can radiate more heat to the atmosphere than it could when insulated by the ice cover.
The exposed water reflects back more sunlight than did the ice.
The exposed water absorbs more thermal energy from the sun than did the ice
The exposed water absorbs heat and then sinks, replaced by cooler water.
3. A group of scientists are studying observable matter in a cluster of galaxies. They conclude that the cluster has only a small percentage of the mass required to keep it from flying apart. Why does the cluster remain intact?
The orbital speed of the galaxies in the cluster is slow enough to keep the cluster intact.
Dark matter provides the mass and gravity needed to keep the cluster together.
The orbital speed of the galaxies in the cluster is fast enough to keep the cluster intact.
Baryonic matter provides the mass and gravity needed to keep the cluster together.
Answers
Answer:
1. T^2=r^3 ( or T² = r³)
2. "The exposed water reflects back more sunlight than did the ice"
and
"The exposed water absorbs more thermal energy from the sun than did the ice'
3. Dark matter provides the mass and gravity needed to keep the cluster together.
Explanation:
1. Which is the simplified version of Kepler’s third law when one of the planets being compared is Earth?
Kepler's Third law of planetary motion is the ratio of the square of the orbital period of a planet is to the radius of orbit of a planet or those of other planets.
This means that, Kepler's Third law of planetary motion states that the square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
Mathematically, Kepler's Third last is represented as
T² : r³
= T² = r³
Therefore, the second option,T^2=r^3 which is equivalent to T² = r³ is the correct option
2. Which of the following are effects of melting sea ice? Select the two correct answers.
The melting of sea ice causes a lot of changes in the climate of an environment.
The presence of sea ice in oceans, reduces the surface area thereby causing a minimal reflection of sunlight but once sea ice melts, the surface area of the water is increased and this would results in a reflection of sunlight.
The sea ice absorbs less thermal energy or radiation from the sun(solar energy) and keeps the surface cooler but once the sea ice is melts, the resulting water, absorbs a lot of thermal energy or radiation from the sun, causing the surface of the water to be hot.
Therefore, the options "The exposed water reflects back more sunlight than did the ice" and
"The exposed water absorbs more thermal energy from the sun than did the ice" are the correct options.
3. A group of scientists are studying observable matter in a cluster of galaxies. They conclude that the cluster has only a small percentage of the mass required to keep it from flying apart. Why does the cluster remain intact?
It has been observed that galaxies present in the solar system have an attraction for one another such that they are drawn to each by force of gravity that is present in the solar system. And because of these, galaxies form clusters in the solar system.
Dark matter is a large amount of matter that is present in the solar system. Dark matter is the reason by which galaxies can form and maintain the clusters that they form around each other because it provides them with the force of gravity and sufficient mass that the galaxies require to prevent them from separating or flying away(apart) from one another
Therefore, the option "Dark matter provides the mass and gravity needed to keep the cluster together" is correct.
The simplified version of Kepler’s third law in a situation when one of the planets is compared to Earth will be T³ = T².
The effects of melting sea ice include:
The exposed water reflects back more sunlight than did the ice.The exposed water absorbs more thermal energy from the sun than did the ice.A cluster will remain intact because the dark matter provides the mass and gravity needed to keep the cluster together.
It should be noted that Kepler's third law of planetary motion simply represents the ratio of the square of the orbital period of a planet is to the radius of orbit of other planets. This can be expressed mathematically as T³ = T².
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The protein derived from a particular gene is different when it is found in a neuron than in a muscle cell. This is most likely due to
Answers
The protein derived from a particular gene is different when it is found in a neuron than in a muscle cell. This is most likely due to alternative mRNA processing.
What is muscle cell?Since cardiac muscle cells and smooth muscle cells are both tiny cells, a muscle cell is also referred to as a myocyte. Muscle fibers are the long, threadlike cells of skeletal muscle that have several nuclei. Myoblasts, embryonic precursor cells, are the source of muscle cells.Muscle tissue contains the contractile proteins myosin and actin.The three different types of muscle tissue are cardiac muscle tissue, smooth muscle tissue, and skeletal muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle fibres are striated, multinucleated, cylindrical, and voluntarily regulated. Myocytes, often known as muscle cells, are the cells that make up muscle tissue.The human body contains three different types of muscle cells: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth. Due to their lengthy and fibrous nature, cardiac and skeletal myocytes are commonly referred to as muscle fibers.
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How is genetic variation passed to offspring?
Answers
Answer: through somatic cells or inherited through the germaine.
Explanation: My best guess
Which of the following is a unit of mass?
Liter
Gram
Pound
Centimeter
Answers
What relationship will blood volume have on blood pressure?
Answers
Answer:
Answer:I HOPE THAT ABOVE INFORMATION WILL HELP YOU A LOT.
Answer:I HOPE THAT ABOVE INFORMATION WILL HELP YOU A LOT.
Identify inputs and outputs (photosynthesis)
Answers
Co2 and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. While the output of photosynthesis are glucose and oxygen.
1. When is the earth closest to the sun (perihelion)?
2. Is that what you would expect?
3. What season is this in the northern hemisphere?
4. When is the earth farthest from the sun (aphelion)?
5. Is that what you would expect?
6. What season is this in the northern hemisphere?
7. Explain why 1-6 occurs.
8. Thinking question: How does the tilt of the earth cause annual rainy seasons from the tropics towards the sub tropics?
Answers
Answer:
I don't know what is the answer if I know i will send you
If a population is already well-adapted to its environment, will most mutations be helpful or harmful? Explain.
Answers
Most mutations will be helpful if a population is already well-adapted to its environment.
What is Mutation?This is defined as a change in the DNA sequence of organisms. These changes occur as a result of the ever changing environmental conditions.
When there is a high adaptability by the population, then it infers that the mutation is a helpful one.
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The 2007 U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act set a goal of producing 36 billion gallons of renewable fuels by 2022. In 2017, the United States used approximately 19.4 million barrels of oil per day, or about 7.1 billion barrels per year (https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/united-states/oil-consumption). If each barrel of oil produces about 32 gallons of usable fuel (gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil), how would the production of 36 billion gallons of biofuels impact the overall amount of energy needed by the United States?
Answers
If each barrel of oil produces about 32 gallons (0.12 m³) of usable fuel (gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil), the production of 36 billion gallons of biofuels will highly impact the overall amount of energy needed by the United States.
What is the U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act?The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) is a comprehensive energy bill that was signed by President George W. Bush on December 19, 2007.
The act aims to reduce the country's dependence on foreign oil and promote the use of renewable energy, sources, while also enhancing the nature's energy security. This act increases fuel efficiency standards for vehicles, encourage development of advanced biofuels etc.
Overall, EISA represents a major step forward in the US's efforts to transition to a more sustainable and secure energy future.
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how would a drug that increases sensitivity of cells to insulin help restore blood glucose homeostasis?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Insulin helps the cells absorb glucose, reducing blood sugar and providing the cells with glucose for energy. When blood sugar levels are too low, the pancreas releases glucagon. Glucagon instructs the liver to release stored glucose, which causes blood sugar to rise.
what is the main function of the cytoplasm in an animal cell? to store water in the cell to fill the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus to sort and package proteins and other substances to break down waste submit
Answers
The main function of the cytoplasm in an animal cell is to fill the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus, the correct option is b.
The cytoplasm is not responsible for storing water in the cell or breaking down waste, although it does play a role in protein synthesis by providing a site for ribosomes to attach and assemble proteins.
Additionally, some organelles, such as the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, are embedded within the cytoplasm and rely on its environment for proper function. The cytoplasm also plays a critical role in cellular metabolism by carrying out important biochemical reactions, such as glycolysis, the first step in cellular respiration, the correct option is b.
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The complete question is:
What is the main function of the cytoplasm in an animal cell?
a. to store water in the cell
b. to fill the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus
c. to sort and package proteins and other substances
d. to break down waste submit
What distinguishes an amniotic egg from eggs laid by other animals, including fishes, amphibians, and invertebrates?
Answers
The difference between an amniotic egg and eggs laid by other animals is : Absence of Membrane ( amnion ) and absence of larval stage
Characteristics of an amniotic eggEggs laid by amniotes are different from other eggs laid by fishes, amphibians and invertebrates in that they lack a membrane and a larval stage. the shell of the amniotic egg protects the embryo in the absence of a membrane. The shell also allows for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the the embryo and the environment.
Hence we can conclude that The difference between an amniotic egg and eggs laid by other animals is : Absence of Membrane ( amnion ) and absence of larval stage
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A Name the following:
1. The vein that carries oxygenated blood.
2. A lymphatic organ.
3. The protein produced by certain white blood cells in response to a foreign substance.
4. The contraction phase of the heart.
5. Iron pigment present in erythrocytes.
Answers
Answer:
1.pulmonary veins. 2.spleen...
3.antibody 4.systole. 5.haem
Explanation: 1. Veins generally has the role carrying deoxygeneted blood but in our body we have one vein that carries oxygeneted blood ,the important fact to remember is veins take blood into the body .So the vein that carry oxygeneted blood will also carry blood into the heart from lungs and the opening of heart is the left auricle.
2. Spleen is the lymphatic organ close to armpit which helps in defence to body and produces lymph
3.antibody - antibodies are produced by cells of WBC against foreign entity called antigen.
4.systole- the stage of contracted heart is systole and relaxed heart is diastole.
5.heam - the answer is haem because haem means iron and iron imparts redness to blood plasma ,and with globin it form haemoglobin.
HELPP PLSSS :) American pikas are prey to long-tailed weasels. Which change in a limiting factor would increase the carrying capacity for long-tailed weasels in a talus field within an alpine tundra? A. increase in American pika population size B. decrease in American pika population size C. increase in the long-tailed weasel population size D. decrease in the long-tailed weasel population size
Answers
Answer:
A. increase in American pika population size
Explanation:
Carrying capacity is the idea that relates to how much population can an environment sustain before collapsing. Here, the answer would be A. increase in American pika population size because if you increase the food for weasals, naturally the population carrying capacity goes up because now the environment has food to feed the weasals which can contribute to increasing the carrying capacity (i.e. the environment can now handle larger population of weasel than initial condition)
Drag and drop each tissue or structure to the germ layer from which it is derived. Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm red blood cells central nervous system notochord kidney tubule cells thyroid follicular cells epidermis peripheral nervous system lung alveolar cells pancreatic acinar cells skeletal muscle
Answers
Ectoderm: central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, epidermis Mesoderm: notochord, kidney tubule cells, skeletal muscle Endoderm: red blood cells, thyroid follicular cells, lung alveolar cells, pancreatic acinar cells
I'll list the germ layers and their corresponding tissues or structures:
Ectoderm:
- Central nervous system
- Epidermis
- Peripheral nervous system
Mesoderm:
- Red blood cells
- Notochord
- Kidney tubule cells
- Skeletal muscle
Endoderm:
- Thyroid follicular cells
- Lung alveolar cells
- Pancreatic acinar cells
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Classify and summarize the five ways particles move through the membrane. Make notes and sketches in the rectangle for each one.
Answers
Classify and summarize the five ways particles move through the membrane. Make notes and sketches in the rectangle for each one. Osmosis.
The mobile membrane, also referred to as the plasma membrane, is located in all cells and separates the interior of the cellular from the outdoor environment. The cellular membrane consists of a lipid bilayer that is semipermeable.
The cell membrane regulates the transport of substances getting into and exiting the cellular Body membranes are skinny sheets of tissue that cover the body, line frame cavities, and cowl organs within the cavities in hollow organs. They can be categorized into epithelial and connective tissue membrane.
Membranes may be usually labeled into artificial membranes and biological membranes. organic membranes include cell membranes (outer coverings of cells or organelles that permit passage of certain materials); nuclear membranes, which cover a cellular nucleus; and tissue membranes, such as mucosae and serosae.
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Select the correct answer.
When do you see a portion of the Moon passing through the Earth's umbra?
O A total lunar eclipse
OB. penumbral lunar eclipse
Ос.
total solar eclipse
OD.
D. partial lunar eclipse
Answers
Answer:
Total Lunar eclipse
Explanation:
Because the umbral shadow is the 'core' of the shadow and is only visable during a total lunar eclips.
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Answers
Because you can’t take unhealthy cells from an unhealthy cell to make it healthy there would be not cell left if you do that and the other answers don’t make sense.